The document summarizes a proposed non-isolated ZVZCS resonant PWM converter for high step-up and high power applications. The proposed converter uses an interleaved structure of basic cells connected in series and parallel to achieve flexibility in device selection. It allows soft-switching turn-on of switches via zero-voltage switching and turn-off of diodes via zero-current switching through the use of an auxiliary circuit. Simulation results are provided to validate the converter's operation and advantages over conventional hard-switched converters, such as reduced switch voltage and current stresses leading to higher efficiency.
Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering,
Information Engineering and Technology,
Mechanical, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering,
Automation and Mechatronics Engineering,
Material and Chemical Engineering,
Civil and Architecture Engineering,
Biotechnology and Bio Engineering,
Environmental Engineering,
Petroleum and Mining Engineering,
Marine and Agriculture engineering,
Aerospace Engineering.
Analysis and characterization of different high density on chip switched capa...Aalay Kapadia
Power converter is a key component in micro-scale energy harvesting systems. Micro-scale energy harvesting has become an increasingly viable and promising area for powering ultra-low power systems. Switched-capacitor (SC) power converters that use capacitors as energy storage elements offer much better power density than switched-inductor counterparts and are thus attractive in low-power area-constrained applications. Switched-capacitor (SC) converters have shown tremendous promise in this regard due to favorable device utilization and scaling trends, and the emergence of high-density silicon-compatible capacitor technologies. With the rising integration levels used to increase digital processing performance, there is a clear need for multiple independent on-chip supplies in order to support per-IP or block power management. The growing demand for both performance and battery life in portable consumer electronics requires SoCs and power management circuits to be small, efficient, and dynamically powerful. This project first reviews various design techniques for implementing high density On-chip Switched-capacitor (SC) power converters and secondly suggests the best technique to solve aspects of power converter design: Area Density, Power Consumption & Efficiency.
A Novel Approach of Position Estimation and Power Factor Corrector Converter ...IJPEDS-IAES
This paper proposes a Power factor Corrected (PFC) Bridgeless Buck-Boost converter fed BLDC motor drive. The Bridgeless configuration eliminates the Diode Bridge Rectifier in order to reduce the number of components and the conduction loss. The position sensors used in BLDC drives have drawbacks of additional cost, mechanical alignment problems. These bottle necks results in sensorless technique. The Sensorless technique mostly relies on measurement of Back EMF to determine relative positions of stator and rotor for the correct coil energising sequence can be implemented. This paper introduces the offline Finite Element method for sensorless operation. The proposed sensorless scheme estimates the motor position at standstill and running condition. The obtained Power Factor is within the acceptable limits IEC 61000-3-2. The proposed drive is simulated in MATLAB/Simulink the obtained results are validated experimentally on a developed prototype of the drive.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) aims to cover the latest outstanding developments in the field of all Engineering Technologies & science.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is a team of researchers not publication services or private publications running the journals for monetary benefits, we are association of scientists and academia who focus only on supporting authors who want to publish their work. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online, all the articles will be archived for real time access.
Our journal system primarily aims to bring out the research talent and the works done by sciaentists, academia, engineers, practitioners, scholars, post graduate students of engineering and science. This journal aims to cover the scientific research in a broader sense and not publishing a niche area of research facilitating researchers from various verticals to publish their papers. It is also aimed to provide a platform for the researchers to publish in a shorter of time, enabling them to continue further All articles published are freely available to scientific researchers in the Government agencies,educators and the general public. We are taking serious efforts to promote our journal across the globe in various ways, we are sure that our journal will act as a scientific platform for all researchers to publish their works online.
Research Inventy : International Journal of Engineering and Science is published by the group of young academic and industrial researchers with 12 Issues per year. It is an online as well as print version open access journal that provides rapid publication (monthly) of articles in all areas of the subject such as: civil, mechanical, chemical, electronic and computer engineering as well as production and information technology. The Journal welcomes the submission of manuscripts that meet the general criteria of significance and scientific excellence. Papers will be published by rapid process within 20 days after acceptance and peer review process takes only 7 days. All articles published in Research Inventy will be peer-reviewed.
Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering,
Information Engineering and Technology,
Mechanical, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering,
Automation and Mechatronics Engineering,
Material and Chemical Engineering,
Civil and Architecture Engineering,
Biotechnology and Bio Engineering,
Environmental Engineering,
Petroleum and Mining Engineering,
Marine and Agriculture engineering,
Aerospace Engineering.
Analysis and characterization of different high density on chip switched capa...Aalay Kapadia
Power converter is a key component in micro-scale energy harvesting systems. Micro-scale energy harvesting has become an increasingly viable and promising area for powering ultra-low power systems. Switched-capacitor (SC) power converters that use capacitors as energy storage elements offer much better power density than switched-inductor counterparts and are thus attractive in low-power area-constrained applications. Switched-capacitor (SC) converters have shown tremendous promise in this regard due to favorable device utilization and scaling trends, and the emergence of high-density silicon-compatible capacitor technologies. With the rising integration levels used to increase digital processing performance, there is a clear need for multiple independent on-chip supplies in order to support per-IP or block power management. The growing demand for both performance and battery life in portable consumer electronics requires SoCs and power management circuits to be small, efficient, and dynamically powerful. This project first reviews various design techniques for implementing high density On-chip Switched-capacitor (SC) power converters and secondly suggests the best technique to solve aspects of power converter design: Area Density, Power Consumption & Efficiency.
A Novel Approach of Position Estimation and Power Factor Corrector Converter ...IJPEDS-IAES
This paper proposes a Power factor Corrected (PFC) Bridgeless Buck-Boost converter fed BLDC motor drive. The Bridgeless configuration eliminates the Diode Bridge Rectifier in order to reduce the number of components and the conduction loss. The position sensors used in BLDC drives have drawbacks of additional cost, mechanical alignment problems. These bottle necks results in sensorless technique. The Sensorless technique mostly relies on measurement of Back EMF to determine relative positions of stator and rotor for the correct coil energising sequence can be implemented. This paper introduces the offline Finite Element method for sensorless operation. The proposed sensorless scheme estimates the motor position at standstill and running condition. The obtained Power Factor is within the acceptable limits IEC 61000-3-2. The proposed drive is simulated in MATLAB/Simulink the obtained results are validated experimentally on a developed prototype of the drive.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) aims to cover the latest outstanding developments in the field of all Engineering Technologies & science.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is a team of researchers not publication services or private publications running the journals for monetary benefits, we are association of scientists and academia who focus only on supporting authors who want to publish their work. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online, all the articles will be archived for real time access.
Our journal system primarily aims to bring out the research talent and the works done by sciaentists, academia, engineers, practitioners, scholars, post graduate students of engineering and science. This journal aims to cover the scientific research in a broader sense and not publishing a niche area of research facilitating researchers from various verticals to publish their papers. It is also aimed to provide a platform for the researchers to publish in a shorter of time, enabling them to continue further All articles published are freely available to scientific researchers in the Government agencies,educators and the general public. We are taking serious efforts to promote our journal across the globe in various ways, we are sure that our journal will act as a scientific platform for all researchers to publish their works online.
Research Inventy : International Journal of Engineering and Science is published by the group of young academic and industrial researchers with 12 Issues per year. It is an online as well as print version open access journal that provides rapid publication (monthly) of articles in all areas of the subject such as: civil, mechanical, chemical, electronic and computer engineering as well as production and information technology. The Journal welcomes the submission of manuscripts that meet the general criteria of significance and scientific excellence. Papers will be published by rapid process within 20 days after acceptance and peer review process takes only 7 days. All articles published in Research Inventy will be peer-reviewed.
SIMULATION ANALYSIS OF CLOSED LOOP DUAL INDUCTOR CURRENT-FED PUSH-PULL CONVER...Journal For Research
The current electronic devices require DC power source, which is taken from a battery or DC power supply. DC-DC converter is utilized to get regulated dc voltage from unregulated one. Switched mode power supply (SMPS) are commonly used in industrial applications, because of more advantages compared to linear power supply. In SMPS we have isolated and non-isolated converters, where isolated converters are frequently used, in order to get more voltage with multiple outputs. So among different isolated converters, push-pull converter is chosen for micro converter applications to obtain high voltage conversion ratio by using HF transformer, due to their better utilization of transformer. New methodology of control is implemented for making ZVS and ZCS at same time and to reduce the number of switches in the secondary side of dual inductor CFPP converter, which is a voltage doubler circuit. This becomes the solution for problem identification. Thus this converter with soft-switching reduces the switching losses.The current-fed push-pull converters are used in many applications like photo-voltaic (PV) power converters for boosting the output voltage. Push-pull converter is chosen for micro converter applications, to obtain high voltage conversion ratio by using high frequency (HF) transformer, due to their better utilization of transformer. This deals with the design of dual inductor CFPP converter, where zero voltage switching (ZVS) and zero current switching (ZCS) is achieved for the primary side of the converter by using secondary switches. Primary side switches are controlled by closed loop control topology. The secondary side is made with voltage doubler to obtain high voltage. Open loop and closed loop control of dual inductor current fed push pull converter simulation is finished by MATLAB/SIMULINK and their outcomes are analyzed.
To overcome the problem of mismatched voltage levels between parallel-connected low voltage photovoltaic (PV)
arrays and the higher grid voltage, a hybrid boost three level dc-dc converter is developed based on three level inverter with
the traditional single phase diode clamping. Only one inductor, two capacitors in series, and those power switches and diodes,
which are easy to be integrated, are used for establish the topology with transformerless high voltage gain. The operation
principle of the topology is analyzed, and then the pulse width modulation (PWM) control method is obtained according to
the switching functions about the output pulse voltages of both half-bridges. Therefore, the converter can not only operate
with high voltage gain, but also make the duty cycles of power switches closer to 0.5. A feedforward closed loop control
operation is proposed such that even in varying input the converter is capable of giving a constant output. Finally an
experimental is set up in the laboratory for open loop control operation. All experimental results verify the feasibility of the
circuit and validity of the PWM control method.
A three level quasi-two-stage single-phase pfc converter with flexible output...LeMeniz Infotech
A three level quasi-two-stage single-phase pfc converter with flexible output voltage and improved conversion efficiency
To Get this projects Call : 9566355386 / 99625 88976
Visit : www.lemenizinfotech.com / www.ieeemaster.com
Mail : projects@lemenizinfotech.com
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
New Topology for Transformer less Single Stage -Single Switch AC/DC ConverterIJMER
This paper presents a transformer less single-stage single-switch ac/dc converter suitable for universal line applications (90–270 Vrms). The topology consists of a buck-type power-factor correction (PFC) cell with a buck–boost dc/dc cell and part of the input power is directly coupled to the output after the first power processing. With this direct power transfer and sharing capacitor voltages, the converter is able to achieve efficient power conversion, high power factor, low voltage stress on intermediate bus (less than 120 V) and low output voltage without a high step-down transformer. The absence of transformer reduces the size of the circuit , component counts and cost of the converter. Unlike most of the boost-type PFC cell, the main switch of the proposed converter only handles the peak inductor current of dc/dc cell rather than the superposition of both inductor currents. Tight voltage regulation is provided by using PID controller. Detailed analysis and design procedures and simulation of the proposed circuit are given .
IEEE 2015-15 Power Electronics and Power System Project titles for ME and BE Students,Bangalore.power electronics and power system projects in bangalore.
This paper presents a comprehensive and systematic approach in developing a new switching look-up table for direct power control (DPC) strategy applied to the three-phase grid connected three-level neutral-point clamped (3L-NPC) pulse width modulated (PWM) rectifier. The term of PWM rectifier used in this paper is also known as AC-DC converter. The approach provides detailed information regarding the effects of each multilevel converter space vector to the distribution of input active and reactive power in the converter system. Thus, the most optimal converter space vectors are able to be selected by the switching look-up table, allowing smooth control of the active and reactive powers for each sector. In addition, the proposed DPC utilizes an NPC capacitor balanced strategy to enhance the performance of front-end AC-DC converter during load and supply voltage disturbances. The steady state as well as the dynamic performances of the proposed DPC are presented and analyzed by using MATLAB/Simulink software. The results show that the AC-DC converter utilizing the new look-up table is able to produce almost sinusoidal line currents with lower current total harmonic distortion, unity power factor operation, adjustable DC-link output voltage and good dynamic response during load disturbance.
Design Topology of Low Profile Transformer forSlim AdaptorIJRES Journal
This paper presents the implementation of a topologyfor low profile transformer using an LLC
resonant converter. A new structure of the slim-type transformer is proposed, which is composed of copper wire
as the primary winding and printed circuit-board winding on the outer layer as the secondary winding.The
proposed circuit operates at high switching frequency to increase power density. The proposed structure is
suitable for a slim and high-efficiency converter because it has advantages of easy utilization and wide
conductive cross-sectional area. In addition, the voltage-doubler rectifier is applied to the secondary side due to
its simple structure of secondary winding, and a CLC filter is adopted to reduce the output filter size.The
specification are to design input voltage 400v,power 120w with 17ms hold time.
Fuzzy Logic Controller Based High Frequency Link AC-AC Converter For Voltage ...IJTET Journal
Abstract—In this paper, an advanced high frequency link AC-AC Push-pull cycloconverter for the voltage compensation is proposed in order to maintain the power quality in electric grid. The proposed methodology can be achieve arbitrary output voltage without using large energy storage elements. So that the system is more steadfast and less costly compared with the conventional inverter topology. Additionally, the proposed converter does not contain any line frequency transformer, which reduces the cost further. The control scheme for the push pull cycloconverter employs the fuzzy logic controller based sinusoidal pulse width modulation (SPWM) to accomplish better performance on voltage compensation, like unbalanced voltage harmonics elimination. The simulation results are given to show the effectiveness of the proposed high frequency link AC-AC converter and fuzzy logic controller based SPWM technology
Extremely high duty cycle of boost converter may result in higher conduction losses. To achieve a high
conversion ratio without operating at extremely high duty ratio, some converters based on transformers or coupled
inductors or tapped inductors have been provided. However, the leakage inductance in the transformer, coupled
inductor or tapped inductor will cause high voltage spikes in the switches and reduce system efficiency. A novel
single switch cascaded dc-dc converter of boost and buck boost converters have extended voltage conversion ratio
to d/(1-d)2. The features of the converter are high voltage gain; only one switch for realizing the converter, the
number of magnetic components is small etc. So comparing with other topologies cascaded converter is more
effective. Simulation of the converter for a dc input voltage and fixed duty cycle was done, and the same was
verified experimentally for a low input voltage. The software used for simulation was MatlabR2014a
Report On diode clamp three level inverterVinay Singh
three level diode clamp inverter. that converts any type of DC ( rectified, PV cell, battery etc.) to AC supply. we made by mosfet and ardiuno . in this ppt we present the Simulink model of a three-level inverter and the hardware reort of the inverter.
also discuss about other level inverter and there THD analysis, simulink model and detail. compression between another inverter.
Now day’s the power factor has become a major problem in power system to improve the power quality of the grid, as power factor is affected on the grid due to the nonlinear loads connected to it. Single phase bridgeless AC/DC power factor correction (PFC) topology to improve the power factor as well as the total harmonic distortion (THD) of the utility grid is proposed. By removing the input bridge in conventional PFC converters, the control circuit is simplified; the total harmonics distortion (THD) and power factor (PF) are improved. The PI controller operates in two loops one is the outer control loop which calculates the reference current through LC filter and signal processing. Inner current loop generates PWM switching signals through the PI controller. The output of the proposed PFC topology is verified for prototype using MATLAB circuit simulations. The experimental system is developed, and the simulation results are obtained.
SIMULATION ANALYSIS OF CLOSED LOOP DUAL INDUCTOR CURRENT-FED PUSH-PULL CONVER...Journal For Research
The current electronic devices require DC power source, which is taken from a battery or DC power supply. DC-DC converter is utilized to get regulated dc voltage from unregulated one. Switched mode power supply (SMPS) are commonly used in industrial applications, because of more advantages compared to linear power supply. In SMPS we have isolated and non-isolated converters, where isolated converters are frequently used, in order to get more voltage with multiple outputs. So among different isolated converters, push-pull converter is chosen for micro converter applications to obtain high voltage conversion ratio by using HF transformer, due to their better utilization of transformer. New methodology of control is implemented for making ZVS and ZCS at same time and to reduce the number of switches in the secondary side of dual inductor CFPP converter, which is a voltage doubler circuit. This becomes the solution for problem identification. Thus this converter with soft-switching reduces the switching losses.The current-fed push-pull converters are used in many applications like photo-voltaic (PV) power converters for boosting the output voltage. Push-pull converter is chosen for micro converter applications, to obtain high voltage conversion ratio by using high frequency (HF) transformer, due to their better utilization of transformer. This deals with the design of dual inductor CFPP converter, where zero voltage switching (ZVS) and zero current switching (ZCS) is achieved for the primary side of the converter by using secondary switches. Primary side switches are controlled by closed loop control topology. The secondary side is made with voltage doubler to obtain high voltage. Open loop and closed loop control of dual inductor current fed push pull converter simulation is finished by MATLAB/SIMULINK and their outcomes are analyzed.
To overcome the problem of mismatched voltage levels between parallel-connected low voltage photovoltaic (PV)
arrays and the higher grid voltage, a hybrid boost three level dc-dc converter is developed based on three level inverter with
the traditional single phase diode clamping. Only one inductor, two capacitors in series, and those power switches and diodes,
which are easy to be integrated, are used for establish the topology with transformerless high voltage gain. The operation
principle of the topology is analyzed, and then the pulse width modulation (PWM) control method is obtained according to
the switching functions about the output pulse voltages of both half-bridges. Therefore, the converter can not only operate
with high voltage gain, but also make the duty cycles of power switches closer to 0.5. A feedforward closed loop control
operation is proposed such that even in varying input the converter is capable of giving a constant output. Finally an
experimental is set up in the laboratory for open loop control operation. All experimental results verify the feasibility of the
circuit and validity of the PWM control method.
A three level quasi-two-stage single-phase pfc converter with flexible output...LeMeniz Infotech
A three level quasi-two-stage single-phase pfc converter with flexible output voltage and improved conversion efficiency
To Get this projects Call : 9566355386 / 99625 88976
Visit : www.lemenizinfotech.com / www.ieeemaster.com
Mail : projects@lemenizinfotech.com
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
New Topology for Transformer less Single Stage -Single Switch AC/DC ConverterIJMER
This paper presents a transformer less single-stage single-switch ac/dc converter suitable for universal line applications (90–270 Vrms). The topology consists of a buck-type power-factor correction (PFC) cell with a buck–boost dc/dc cell and part of the input power is directly coupled to the output after the first power processing. With this direct power transfer and sharing capacitor voltages, the converter is able to achieve efficient power conversion, high power factor, low voltage stress on intermediate bus (less than 120 V) and low output voltage without a high step-down transformer. The absence of transformer reduces the size of the circuit , component counts and cost of the converter. Unlike most of the boost-type PFC cell, the main switch of the proposed converter only handles the peak inductor current of dc/dc cell rather than the superposition of both inductor currents. Tight voltage regulation is provided by using PID controller. Detailed analysis and design procedures and simulation of the proposed circuit are given .
IEEE 2015-15 Power Electronics and Power System Project titles for ME and BE Students,Bangalore.power electronics and power system projects in bangalore.
This paper presents a comprehensive and systematic approach in developing a new switching look-up table for direct power control (DPC) strategy applied to the three-phase grid connected three-level neutral-point clamped (3L-NPC) pulse width modulated (PWM) rectifier. The term of PWM rectifier used in this paper is also known as AC-DC converter. The approach provides detailed information regarding the effects of each multilevel converter space vector to the distribution of input active and reactive power in the converter system. Thus, the most optimal converter space vectors are able to be selected by the switching look-up table, allowing smooth control of the active and reactive powers for each sector. In addition, the proposed DPC utilizes an NPC capacitor balanced strategy to enhance the performance of front-end AC-DC converter during load and supply voltage disturbances. The steady state as well as the dynamic performances of the proposed DPC are presented and analyzed by using MATLAB/Simulink software. The results show that the AC-DC converter utilizing the new look-up table is able to produce almost sinusoidal line currents with lower current total harmonic distortion, unity power factor operation, adjustable DC-link output voltage and good dynamic response during load disturbance.
Design Topology of Low Profile Transformer forSlim AdaptorIJRES Journal
This paper presents the implementation of a topologyfor low profile transformer using an LLC
resonant converter. A new structure of the slim-type transformer is proposed, which is composed of copper wire
as the primary winding and printed circuit-board winding on the outer layer as the secondary winding.The
proposed circuit operates at high switching frequency to increase power density. The proposed structure is
suitable for a slim and high-efficiency converter because it has advantages of easy utilization and wide
conductive cross-sectional area. In addition, the voltage-doubler rectifier is applied to the secondary side due to
its simple structure of secondary winding, and a CLC filter is adopted to reduce the output filter size.The
specification are to design input voltage 400v,power 120w with 17ms hold time.
Fuzzy Logic Controller Based High Frequency Link AC-AC Converter For Voltage ...IJTET Journal
Abstract—In this paper, an advanced high frequency link AC-AC Push-pull cycloconverter for the voltage compensation is proposed in order to maintain the power quality in electric grid. The proposed methodology can be achieve arbitrary output voltage without using large energy storage elements. So that the system is more steadfast and less costly compared with the conventional inverter topology. Additionally, the proposed converter does not contain any line frequency transformer, which reduces the cost further. The control scheme for the push pull cycloconverter employs the fuzzy logic controller based sinusoidal pulse width modulation (SPWM) to accomplish better performance on voltage compensation, like unbalanced voltage harmonics elimination. The simulation results are given to show the effectiveness of the proposed high frequency link AC-AC converter and fuzzy logic controller based SPWM technology
Extremely high duty cycle of boost converter may result in higher conduction losses. To achieve a high
conversion ratio without operating at extremely high duty ratio, some converters based on transformers or coupled
inductors or tapped inductors have been provided. However, the leakage inductance in the transformer, coupled
inductor or tapped inductor will cause high voltage spikes in the switches and reduce system efficiency. A novel
single switch cascaded dc-dc converter of boost and buck boost converters have extended voltage conversion ratio
to d/(1-d)2. The features of the converter are high voltage gain; only one switch for realizing the converter, the
number of magnetic components is small etc. So comparing with other topologies cascaded converter is more
effective. Simulation of the converter for a dc input voltage and fixed duty cycle was done, and the same was
verified experimentally for a low input voltage. The software used for simulation was MatlabR2014a
Report On diode clamp three level inverterVinay Singh
three level diode clamp inverter. that converts any type of DC ( rectified, PV cell, battery etc.) to AC supply. we made by mosfet and ardiuno . in this ppt we present the Simulink model of a three-level inverter and the hardware reort of the inverter.
also discuss about other level inverter and there THD analysis, simulink model and detail. compression between another inverter.
Now day’s the power factor has become a major problem in power system to improve the power quality of the grid, as power factor is affected on the grid due to the nonlinear loads connected to it. Single phase bridgeless AC/DC power factor correction (PFC) topology to improve the power factor as well as the total harmonic distortion (THD) of the utility grid is proposed. By removing the input bridge in conventional PFC converters, the control circuit is simplified; the total harmonics distortion (THD) and power factor (PF) are improved. The PI controller operates in two loops one is the outer control loop which calculates the reference current through LC filter and signal processing. Inner current loop generates PWM switching signals through the PI controller. The output of the proposed PFC topology is verified for prototype using MATLAB circuit simulations. The experimental system is developed, and the simulation results are obtained.
Customer perceptions toward the brand equity of local coffee barsJergen Pipala
This study aims to investigate customer perceptions toward the brand equity of the local coffee bars in Chiang Mai province. A sample size of 500 was selected using a purposive sampling method. Respondents are customers of the local coffee bars in Chiang Mai province. Questionnaires with a Cronbach’s Alpha of 0.857 were used to collect the data. Data were analyzed in term of Frequency, Percentage, Mean, Standard Deviation, Confirmatory Factor Analysis and One Way ANOVA.
The result showed that customers perceived the brand equity of local coffee bars toward four components (i.e. brand perceived quality, brand association, brand loyalty and brand awareness) at moderate mean scores ranging from 4.18 to 4.36. It was also found that the different occupations have different customer perceptions toward brand equity. Private companies’ employees, government officers were perceived the brand equity of local coffee bars more than students.
A Novel High Step-Up DC–DC Converter for Hybrid Renewable Energy System appli...IJERD Editor
Large electric drives and utility applications require advanced power electronics converter to meet
the high power demands. As a result, power converter structure has been introduced as an alternative in high
power and medium voltage situations using Renewable energy sources (RES). This paper describes a new
DC/DC converter with safety, high efficiency and high step up capabilities. This converter is best suited for
Wind/Fuel cell(FC)based Induction Motor applications for pumping systems. The safety feature of this
converter makes it friendly for the farmers to use it for irrigation and agriculture usages. The converter achieves
high step-up voltage gain with appropriate duty ratio and low voltage stress on the power switches. Also, the
energy stored in the leakage inductor of the coupled inductor can be recycled to the output. The maximum
output voltage is determined by the number of the capacitors. The capacitors are charged in parallel and are
discharged in series by the coupled inductor, stacking on the output capacitor. Thus, the proposed converter can
achieve high step-up voltage gain with appropriate duty ratio and interfaced to induction motor through 9-level
inverter and also energy fed to grid system when no load operation. The simulation results are obtained using
MATLAB/SIMULINK software.
This paper presents the simulation design of dc/dc interleaved boost converter with zero-voltage switching (ZVS). By employin the interleaved structure, the input current stresses to switching devices were reduced and this signified to a switching conduction loss reduction. All the parameters had been calculated theoretically. The proposed converter circuit was simulated by using MATLAB/Simulink and PSpice software programmes. The converter circuit model, with specifications of output power of 200 W, input voltage range from 10~60 V, and operates at 100 kHz switching frequency was simulated to validate the designed parameters. The results showed that the main switches of the model converter circuit achieved ZVS conditions during the interleaving operation. Consequently, the switching losses in the main switching devices were reduced. Thus, the proposed converter circuit model offers advantages of input current stress and switching loss reductions. Hence, based on the designed parameters and results, the converter model can be extended for hardware implementation.
An Efficient High Gain DC-DC Converter for Automotive ApplicationsIJPEDS-IAES
This paper presents a high gain DC-DC converter which uses a clamp circuit
to achieve soft switching. The proposed converter is designed to supply a
high intensity discharge (HID) lamp used in automobile head lamps. The
converter operates from a 12V input supply and provides an output voltage
of 120V at 35W output power. A clamp circuit consisting of a clamp
capacitor, clamp switch and resonant inductor will help to achieve zero
voltage switching (ZVS) of the both main and clamp switches. The practical
performance of the converter was validated through experimental results.
Results obtained from the prototype hardware prove that the converter meets
the requirements of HID lamp application and can be a very good alternative
to existing converters.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Low Current Ripple, High Efficiency Boost Converter with Voltage MultiplierIJMTST Journal
An innovative high voltage-gain boost converter, which is made for home inverters contains the combination
of switched capacitors and coupled inductors made a voltage multiplier, which is used to increase the output
gain of a traditional converter abnormally without using an excessive switching frequency. The setup not only
maximizes the efficiency but also eliminates input current ripple almost, which deduces conduction losses
and current stress of switches causes to greater extension of input source lifetime. In addition, due to the
lossless passive clamp performance, leakage energy is recycled to the output terminal. Hence, large voltage
spikes across the main switches are alleviated, and the efficiency is improved. Even the low voltage stress
makes the low-voltage-rated MOSFETs be embraced for reductions conduction losses and expense.
Ultimately, the prototype circuit with 24-V input voltage, 230-V output, and 1000-W output power is operated
to verify its performance. The greatest effectiveness is 97.1 %.
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The papers for publication in The International Journal of Engineering& Science are selected through rigorous peer reviews to ensure originality, timeliness, relevance, and readability.
Modeling and Analysis of Transformerless High Gain Buck-boost DC-DC ConvertersIAES-IJPEDS
This paper proposes a transfomerless switched capacitor buck boost converter model, which provides higher voltage gain and higher efficiency when compared to the conventional buck boost converter. The averaged model based on state- space description is analyzed in the paper. The simulation results are presented to confirm the capability of the converter to generate high voltage ratios. The comparison between the proposed model and the traditional model is also provided to reveal the improvement. The proposed converter is suitable for for a wide application which requires high step-up DC-DC converters such as DC micro-grids and solar electrical energy.
Interleaved Boost Converter with Cumulative Voltage Unitpaperpublications3
Abstract: A boost converter is a DC to DC converter with an output voltage greater than the source voltage. But it produces large input current ripple. In order to improve the efficiency of the boost converter and reduce the ripple current, an interleaved boost converter is used. An interleaved boost converter consists of several boost converters connected in parallel with switching frequency and a phase shift of 180˚. A new interleaved high step-up DC-DC converter with the circuit of cumulative voltage unit (CVU) is presented in this work. This converter is suitable for the high gain applications. Only two switches are required to form the boosting path and the interleaved topology. Each CVU module can share common diodes to reduce the number of the components and step up the voltage gain. The interleaved structure in the input end can reduce the power loss in each current-owing component and the input current ripple. The interleaved boost converter with voltage summation unit can be verified by using MATLAB/SIMULINK.
Keywords: Cumulative voltage unit, Boost converter, Interleaved boost converter, Voltage Stress.
Title: Interleaved Boost Converter with Cumulative Voltage Unit
Author: Shyma H, Prof. Smitha Paulose, Prof. Leela Salim
ISSN 2349-7815
International Journal of Recent Research in Electrical and Electronics Engineering (IJRREEE)
Paper Publications
Application of PWM Control Strategy on Z-Source Isolated Dual active bridge D...IJMER
This project presents a Z-source with bidirectional dc–dc converter. The switching count is
reduced by adding a passive element. Thus, we are improving the output voltage level. The voltage
regulation range of proposed converter is better than that of the traditional bidirectional dc–dc
converter. The fully bridge symmetrical circuit configuration, is neither a high-voltage side nor a lowvoltage
side in the circuit structure, and the sources connected to the dc side of each H-bridge circuit
with voltage sources and current sources. This method can reduce current stress and improves the
system efficiency.
In this paper we are presenting a dual active bridge (DAB) dc–dc converter is also known as
Bidirectional DC-DC converter. Both simulation results are shown by using MATLAB software.
This paper proposes a non-isolated soft-switching bidirectional dc/dc converter for interfacing energy storage in DC microgrid. The proposed converter employs a half-bridge boost converter at input port followed by a LCC resonant tank to assist in soft-switching of switches and diodes, and finally a voltage doubler circuit at the output port to enhance the voltage gain by two times. The LCC resonant circuit also adds a suitable voltage gain to the converter. Therefore, overall high voltage gain of the converter is obtained without a transformer or large number of multiplier circuit. For operation in buck mode, the high side voltage is divided by half with capacitive divider to gain higher step-down ratio. The converter is operated at high frequency to obtain low output voltage ripple, reduced magnetics and filters. Zero voltage turn-on is achieved for all switches and zero current turn-on and turn-off is achieved for all diodes in both modes i.e., buck/boost operation. Voltage stress across switches and diode is clamped naturally without external snubber circuit. An experimental prototype has been designed, built and tested in the laboratory to verify the performance of the proposed converter.
Coupled Inductor Based High Step-Up DC-DC Converter for Multi Input PV SystemIJERA Editor
With the shortage of the energy and ever increasing of the oil price, research on the renewable and green energy
sources, especially the solar arrays and the fuel cells, becomes more and more important. How to achieve high
step-up and high efficiency DC/DC converters is the major consideration in the renewable power applications
due to the low voltage of PV arrays and fuel cells. In this paper a coupled inductor dc-dc converter for photovoltaic
system is proposed. The circuit configuration of the proposed converter is very simple. Thus, the
proposed converter has higher step-up and step-down voltage gains than the conventional bidirectional dc–dc
boost/buck converter. Under same electric specifications for the proposed converter and the conventional
bidirectional boost/buck converter, the average value of the switch current in the proposed converter is less than
the conventional bidirectional boost/buck converter. The operating principles have been applied to multi input
photovoltaic system and outputs have been observed.
Tata Group Dials Taiwan for Its Chipmaking Ambition in Gujarat’s DholeraAvirahi City Dholera
The Tata Group, a titan of Indian industry, is making waves with its advanced talks with Taiwanese chipmakers Powerchip Semiconductor Manufacturing Corporation (PSMC) and UMC Group. The goal? Establishing a cutting-edge semiconductor fabrication unit (fab) in Dholera, Gujarat. This isn’t just any project; it’s a potential game changer for India’s chipmaking aspirations and a boon for investors seeking promising residential projects in dholera sir.
Visit : https://www.avirahi.com/blog/tata-group-dials-taiwan-for-its-chipmaking-ambition-in-gujarats-dholera/
RMD24 | Debunking the non-endemic revenue myth Marvin Vacquier Droop | First ...BBPMedia1
Marvin neemt je in deze presentatie mee in de voordelen van non-endemic advertising op retail media netwerken. Hij brengt ook de uitdagingen in beeld die de markt op dit moment heeft op het gebied van retail media voor niet-leveranciers.
Retail media wordt gezien als het nieuwe advertising-medium en ook mediabureaus richten massaal retail media-afdelingen op. Merken die niet in de betreffende winkel liggen staan ook nog niet in de rij om op de retail media netwerken te adverteren. Marvin belicht de uitdagingen die er zijn om echt aansluiting te vinden op die markt van non-endemic advertising.
Improving profitability for small businessBen Wann
In this comprehensive presentation, we will explore strategies and practical tips for enhancing profitability in small businesses. Tailored to meet the unique challenges faced by small enterprises, this session covers various aspects that directly impact the bottom line. Attendees will learn how to optimize operational efficiency, manage expenses, and increase revenue through innovative marketing and customer engagement techniques.
What are the main advantages of using HR recruiter services.pdfHumanResourceDimensi1
HR recruiter services offer top talents to companies according to their specific needs. They handle all recruitment tasks from job posting to onboarding and help companies concentrate on their business growth. With their expertise and years of experience, they streamline the hiring process and save time and resources for the company.
Buy Verified PayPal Account | Buy Google 5 Star Reviewsusawebmarket
Buy Verified PayPal Account
Looking to buy verified PayPal accounts? Discover 7 expert tips for safely purchasing a verified PayPal account in 2024. Ensure security and reliability for your transactions.
PayPal Services Features-
🟢 Email Access
🟢 Bank Added
🟢 Card Verified
🟢 Full SSN Provided
🟢 Phone Number Access
🟢 Driving License Copy
🟢 Fasted Delivery
Client Satisfaction is Our First priority. Our services is very appropriate to buy. We assume that the first-rate way to purchase our offerings is to order on the website. If you have any worry in our cooperation usually You can order us on Skype or Telegram.
24/7 Hours Reply/Please Contact
usawebmarketEmail: support@usawebmarket.com
Skype: usawebmarket
Telegram: @usawebmarket
WhatsApp: +1(218) 203-5951
USA WEB MARKET is the Best Verified PayPal, Payoneer, Cash App, Skrill, Neteller, Stripe Account and SEO, SMM Service provider.100%Satisfection granted.100% replacement Granted.
"𝑩𝑬𝑮𝑼𝑵 𝑾𝑰𝑻𝑯 𝑻𝑱 𝑰𝑺 𝑯𝑨𝑳𝑭 𝑫𝑶𝑵𝑬"
𝐓𝐉 𝐂𝐨𝐦𝐬 (𝐓𝐉 𝐂𝐨𝐦𝐦𝐮𝐧𝐢𝐜𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧𝐬) is a professional event agency that includes experts in the event-organizing market in Vietnam, Korea, and ASEAN countries. We provide unlimited types of events from Music concerts, Fan meetings, and Culture festivals to Corporate events, Internal company events, Golf tournaments, MICE events, and Exhibitions.
𝐓𝐉 𝐂𝐨𝐦𝐬 provides unlimited package services including such as Event organizing, Event planning, Event production, Manpower, PR marketing, Design 2D/3D, VIP protocols, Interpreter agency, etc.
Sports events - Golf competitions/billiards competitions/company sports events: dynamic and challenging
⭐ 𝐅𝐞𝐚𝐭𝐮𝐫𝐞𝐝 𝐩𝐫𝐨𝐣𝐞𝐜𝐭𝐬:
➢ 2024 BAEKHYUN [Lonsdaleite] IN HO CHI MINH
➢ SUPER JUNIOR-L.S.S. THE SHOW : Th3ee Guys in HO CHI MINH
➢FreenBecky 1st Fan Meeting in Vietnam
➢CHILDREN ART EXHIBITION 2024: BEYOND BARRIERS
➢ WOW K-Music Festival 2023
➢ Winner [CROSS] Tour in HCM
➢ Super Show 9 in HCM with Super Junior
➢ HCMC - Gyeongsangbuk-do Culture and Tourism Festival
➢ Korean Vietnam Partnership - Fair with LG
➢ Korean President visits Samsung Electronics R&D Center
➢ Vietnam Food Expo with Lotte Wellfood
"𝐄𝐯𝐞𝐫𝐲 𝐞𝐯𝐞𝐧𝐭 𝐢𝐬 𝐚 𝐬𝐭𝐨𝐫𝐲, 𝐚 𝐬𝐩𝐞𝐜𝐢𝐚𝐥 𝐣𝐨𝐮𝐫𝐧𝐞𝐲. 𝐖𝐞 𝐚𝐥𝐰𝐚𝐲𝐬 𝐛𝐞𝐥𝐢𝐞𝐯𝐞 𝐭𝐡𝐚𝐭 𝐬𝐡𝐨𝐫𝐭𝐥𝐲 𝐲𝐨𝐮 𝐰𝐢𝐥𝐥 𝐛𝐞 𝐚 𝐩𝐚𝐫𝐭 𝐨𝐟 𝐨𝐮𝐫 𝐬𝐭𝐨𝐫𝐢𝐞𝐬."
Enterprise Excellence is Inclusive Excellence.pdfKaiNexus
Enterprise excellence and inclusive excellence are closely linked, and real-world challenges have shown that both are essential to the success of any organization. To achieve enterprise excellence, organizations must focus on improving their operations and processes while creating an inclusive environment that engages everyone. In this interactive session, the facilitator will highlight commonly established business practices and how they limit our ability to engage everyone every day. More importantly, though, participants will likely gain increased awareness of what we can do differently to maximize enterprise excellence through deliberate inclusion.
What is Enterprise Excellence?
Enterprise Excellence is a holistic approach that's aimed at achieving world-class performance across all aspects of the organization.
What might I learn?
A way to engage all in creating Inclusive Excellence. Lessons from the US military and their parallels to the story of Harry Potter. How belt systems and CI teams can destroy inclusive practices. How leadership language invites people to the party. There are three things leaders can do to engage everyone every day: maximizing psychological safety to create environments where folks learn, contribute, and challenge the status quo.
Who might benefit? Anyone and everyone leading folks from the shop floor to top floor.
Dr. William Harvey is a seasoned Operations Leader with extensive experience in chemical processing, manufacturing, and operations management. At Michelman, he currently oversees multiple sites, leading teams in strategic planning and coaching/practicing continuous improvement. William is set to start his eighth year of teaching at the University of Cincinnati where he teaches marketing, finance, and management. William holds various certifications in change management, quality, leadership, operational excellence, team building, and DiSC, among others.
RMD24 | Retail media: hoe zet je dit in als je geen AH of Unilever bent? Heid...BBPMedia1
Grote partijen zijn al een tijdje onderweg met retail media. Ondertussen worden in dit domein ook de kansen zichtbaar voor andere spelers in de markt. Maar met die kansen ontstaan ook vragen: Zelf retail media worden of erop adverteren? In welke fase van de funnel past het en hoe integreer je het in een mediaplan? Wat is nu precies het verschil met marketplaces en Programmatic ads? In dit half uur beslechten we de dilemma's en krijg je antwoorden op wanneer het voor jou tijd is om de volgende stap te zetten.
LA HUG - Video Testimonials with Chynna Morgan - June 2024Lital Barkan
Have you ever heard that user-generated content or video testimonials can take your brand to the next level? We will explore how you can effectively use video testimonials to leverage and boost your sales, content strategy, and increase your CRM data.🤯
We will dig deeper into:
1. How to capture video testimonials that convert from your audience 🎥
2. How to leverage your testimonials to boost your sales 💲
3. How you can capture more CRM data to understand your audience better through video testimonials. 📊
Skye Residences | Extended Stay Residences Near Toronto Airportmarketingjdass
Experience unparalleled EXTENDED STAY and comfort at Skye Residences located just minutes from Toronto Airport. Discover sophisticated accommodations tailored for discerning travelers.
Website Link :
https://skyeresidences.com/
https://skyeresidences.com/about-us/
https://skyeresidences.com/gallery/
https://skyeresidences.com/rooms/
https://skyeresidences.com/near-by-attractions/
https://skyeresidences.com/commute/
https://skyeresidences.com/contact/
https://skyeresidences.com/queen-suite-with-sofa-bed/
https://skyeresidences.com/queen-suite-with-sofa-bed-and-balcony/
https://skyeresidences.com/queen-suite-with-sofa-bed-accessible/
https://skyeresidences.com/2-bedroom-deluxe-queen-suite-with-sofa-bed/
https://skyeresidences.com/2-bedroom-deluxe-king-queen-suite-with-sofa-bed/
https://skyeresidences.com/2-bedroom-deluxe-queen-suite-with-sofa-bed-accessible/
#Skye Residences Etobicoke, #Skye Residences Near Toronto Airport, #Skye Residences Toronto, #Skye Hotel Toronto, #Skye Hotel Near Toronto Airport, #Hotel Near Toronto Airport, #Near Toronto Airport Accommodation, #Suites Near Toronto Airport, #Etobicoke Suites Near Airport, #Hotel Near Toronto Pearson International Airport, #Toronto Airport Suite Rentals, #Pearson Airport Hotel Suites
Kseniya Leshchenko: Shared development support service model as the way to ma...Lviv Startup Club
Kseniya Leshchenko: Shared development support service model as the way to make small projects with small budgets profitable for the company (UA)
Kyiv PMDay 2024 Summer
Website – www.pmday.org
Youtube – https://www.youtube.com/startuplviv
FB – https://www.facebook.com/pmdayconference
Digital Transformation and IT Strategy Toolkit and TemplatesAurelien Domont, MBA
This Digital Transformation and IT Strategy Toolkit was created by ex-McKinsey, Deloitte and BCG Management Consultants, after more than 5,000 hours of work. It is considered the world's best & most comprehensive Digital Transformation and IT Strategy Toolkit. It includes all the Frameworks, Best Practices & Templates required to successfully undertake the Digital Transformation of your organization and define a robust IT Strategy.
Editable Toolkit to help you reuse our content: 700 Powerpoint slides | 35 Excel sheets | 84 minutes of Video training
This PowerPoint presentation is only a small preview of our Toolkits. For more details, visit www.domontconsulting.com
Digital Transformation and IT Strategy Toolkit and Templates
A03540109
1. International Journal of Computational Engineering Research||Vol, 03||Issue, 5||
www.ijceronline.com ||May ||2013|| Page 1
Design and Simulation of Nonisolated ZVZCS Resonant PWM Converter
for High Step-Up and High Power Applications
S.M.MohamedSaleem,K.KalaiRaja1
,A.MohamedIlyasMydeen2
,C.R.Mohan Raj
3
,M.Hazina4
1
UG Scholars,**Asst. professor, Syed Ammal Engineering College, Ramanathapuram
Tamil Nadu, India
I. INTRODUCTION
Recently, high step-up dc-dc converters do not require isolation have been used in many applications
such as dc back-up energy systems for Uninterruptible Power Systems(UPS), renewable energy systems, fuel
cell systems and hybrid electric vehicles. Generally, the high step-up dc-dc converter for these applications has
the following requirements.
[1] High step-up voltage gain. Sometimes the voltage gain could be more than 10.
[2] High current handling capability.
[3] High efficiency at a desired level of volume and weight.
[4] Low input current ripple.
In order to provide high output voltage, the classical boost converter should operate at extremely duty
cycle and then the rectifier diode must sustain a short pulse current with high amplitude. This results in severe
reverse recovery as well as high EMI problems. Using an extremely duty cycle may also lead to poor dynamic
responses to line to load variations. Moreover, in the high step up dc-dc converter the input current is usually
large, and hence low voltage rated MOSFETs with small RDS(ON) are necessary in order to reduce the
dominating conduction loss. However, the switch in the classical boost converter should sustain high output
voltage as well, and therefore, the device selection is faced with a contradiction.A lot of step-up dc-dc converter
topologies have been presented to overcome the aforementioned problem. Converters with Coupled inductors
[1]-[5] can provide high output voltage without using high duty cycle and yet reduce the switch voltage stress.
The reverse recovery problem associated with rectifier diode is also alleviated. However, they have large input
current ripple and are not suitable for high power applications since the capacity of the magnetic core is
considerable. The switched-capacitor converter [6]-[10] does not employ an inductor making it feasible to
achieve high power density. However, the efficiency could be reduced to allow output voltage regulation. The
major drawback of these topologies is that attainable voltage gains and power levels without degrading system
performances are restricted.Most of the coupled-inductor and switched-capacitor converters are hard switched
and therefore, they are not suitable for high efficiency and high power applications. Some soft switched
interleaved high step-up converter topologies [11]-[ 18] have been proposed to achieve high efficiency at
desired level of voltage and power level.
In this paper, a new interleaved soft switched high step-up dc-dc converter for high efficiency, high
voltage applications are presented. The proposed converter has the following advantages.
[1] Reduced voltage stresses of switches and diodes,
[2] ZVS turn-on the switches and ZCS turn-off the diodes.
[3] Low input current ripple due to interleaved structure.
[4] Reduced energy volumes of most passive components.
[5] Extendibility to desired voltage gain and power level.
ABSTRACT
This paper proposes a generalized scheme of new soft-switched interleaved boost converters
that is suitable for high step-up and high power applications. The proposed converter is configured with
proper numbers of series and parallel connected basic cells in order to fulfill the required output
voltage and power levels respectively. This leads to flexibility in device selection resulting in high
component availability and easy thermal distribution. Design examples of determining the optimum
circuit configuration for given output voltage gain of 8.75times is presented.
KEY WORDS: High Step-Up, High Voltage Gain, Multiphase, Non-isolated, Soft Switched.
2. Design and Simulation of Nonisolated ZVZCS…….
www.ijceronline.com ||May ||2013|| Page 2
The operating principles alog with a design example of the proposed converter are described.
Experimental results from a 1.5-KW prototype are also provided to validate the proposed concept.
II. PROPOSED INTERLEAVED HIGH STEP-UP CONVERTER
2.1.General Architecture
Fig. 1. General Architecture
Fig.1. Block diagram of general architecture
Architecture Description
Fig.1 shows the Architecture of the proposed converter. The single phase AC supply is converted into
DC supply and applied to boost converter. Due to two limb topology the output power is greatly increased
compared to that of conventional converter. The switch is controlled by means of PWM technique. Hence
controlled DC voltage is applied to the DC Load.
B. GENERALIZED MULTIPHASE DC-DC CONVERTER
Fig. 2 shows a basic cell used as a building block to build the proposed high step-up converter. The
basic cell consists of an input filter inductor, a switch leg and diode leg, and an auxiliary inductor, and capacitor.
Fig. 2 Basic cell of the proposed interleaving high step-up converter.
Fig. 3 shows the generalized circuit of the proposed converter with N and P, where N is the number of
output series-connected basic cell and P is the number of output parallel-connected basic cell, respectively,
meaning that there exist totally N.P basic cells. The diode leg of npth basic cell is connected to the output
capacitor C3,n, where n=1,2,3,…..N and p=1,2,3,….P, and output capacitors C3,1 to C3,N are connected in
series on top of output capacitor C1 to form the output voltage. That is, “N” could be increased to get higher
output power. It should be noted that the voltage rating of switches can be reduced by reducing N and the
current rating of them can be reduced by increasing N or P. Also, the voltage and current ratings of diodes can
be reduced by increasing N and P, respectively. Therefore, optimum devices in the sense of cost and availability
can be selected proper choice of N&P.The interleaving technique can be applied to reduce the size of input filter
inductors and output filter capacitors. Therefore, “N”and “P” can properly be chosen according to given output
voltage and power level. This could give flexibility in device selection resulting in optimized design even under
harsh design specifications.
3. Design and Simulation of Nonisolated ZVZCS…….
www.ijceronline.com ||May ||2013|| Page 3
Fig. 3. Generalized circuit topology of the proposed interleaved high step-up dc–dc converter (N is the number
of output series-connected basic cell, and P is the number of the output parallel-connected basic cell).
III. CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
Fig. 4.shows the circuit diagram of the proposed converter which has the same circuit topology as the PWM
method proposed in [14]. Fig.5. shows key waveforms illustrating the operating principle of the proposed
converter .The proposed converter consists of a general boost converter as the main circuit and an auxiliary
circuit which includes capacitor Cr, inductor Lr and two diodes DL and
DU.
Fig.4.Circuit diagram of the Proposed Converter
Two switches are operated with asymmetrical complementaryswitching to regulate the output voltage. Owing to
the auxiliary circuit, not only output voltage is raised but ZVS turn-on of two switches can naturally be achieved
in CCM by using energy stored in filter inductor Lf and auxiliary inductor Lr. Unlike PWM method [14] in
which the switches are turned OFF with high peak current the proposed converter utilizes Lr-Crresonance of
auxiliary circuit, thereby reducing the turn-off current of switches. Futhermore, for resonance operation, the
capacitance of Cr is reduced volume. Also, switching losses associated with diode reverse recovery of the
proposed RPWM converter are significantly reduced.
IV. OPERATING PRINCIPLE
The operating modes and key waveforms of the proposed converter are shown in Figs. 5 and 6. In the
below resonance operation, five modes exist within Ts. Mode 1 (t0 – t1 ): This mode begins when upper switch
SU which was carrying the current of difference between iLf and iLris turned OFF. SL can be turned ON with ZVS
if gate signal for SL is applied before the current direction of SL is reversed. Filter inductor current iLf and
auxiliary current iLrstarts to linearly increase and decrease, respectively, as follows
This mode ends when decreasing current iLrchanges its direction of flow. Then DU is turned OFF under ZCS
condition.
Mode 2 (t1-t2) : This mode begins with Lr-Cr resonance of the auxiliary circuit. Current iLf is still linearly
increasing. The voltage and current of resonant components are determined, respectively, as follows:
4. Design and Simulation of Nonisolated ZVZCS…….
www.ijceronline.com ||May ||2013|| Page 4
Fig. 5.Key waveforms of the proposed converter
Where Vr,2 = VCr,min – VC1, Z= √Lr/Cr and ωr = 1/ √Lr/Cr. Ths resonance mode ends when iLr reaches to zero.
Note that DL is turned OFF under ZCS condition.
Mode 3 (t2 – t3) : There is no current path through the auxiliary circuit during this mode. Output
capacitors supply the load. At the end of this modethe turn-off signal of SL is applied. It is noted that the turn-off
current of SL,ISL,off is limited to filter inductor current at t3,ILf,max, which is much smaller than that of PWM
method.
Mode 4(t3 –t4) : This mode begins when lower switch SL is turned OFF. SU can be turned ON with ZVS
if gate signal for SU is applied before the current direction of SU is reversed. Filter inductor current iLfstarts to
linearly decrease since voltage VLfbecomes negative
Like Mode 2, the other Lr-Cr resonance of auxiliary circuit is started, and DU starts conducting. The voltage and
current of resonant components are determined, respectively, as follows:
5. Design and Simulation of Nonisolated ZVZCS…….
www.ijceronline.com ||May ||2013|| Page 5
where Vr,4 = VCr,max– VC2, Z= √Lr/Cr and ωr= 1/ √Lr/Cr.
This mode ends when iLr is equal to iLf.
Mode 5 (t4 – t5) : After iLr equals iLf, iSU changes its direction, then this mode begins. At the end of this
mode, turn-off signal of SU is applied and this mode ends.
V. VOLTAGE CONVERSION RATIO
To obtain the voltage gain of the proposed converter, it is assumed that the voltage across C1 and C2 are
constant during the switching period Ts. The output voltage is given by
It can also be expressed as where
effective duty Deffand voltage drop ∆V are expressed using duty loss ∆D.
VC1that is the same as output voltage of the boostconverter
can be expressed as
Design is carried out for findingLf, fr,Lr and Cr
A. Design of Lf
VC2 can be expressed as
In the steady state, the average load current equals the average current of diodes DL and DU. Since iLr, flows
through the DLduring mode 2, the average load current can be obtained as follows.
From the above equation, VCr,min and VCr,max can be obtained by,
VI. DESIGN OF THE PROPOSED CONVERTER
The generalized scheme of the proposed converter has been shown in Fig.3.,where it is configured with
proper numbers of series and parallel connected basic cells. This leads to flexibility in device selection resulting
6. Design and Simulation of Nonisolated ZVZCS…….
www.ijceronline.com ||May ||2013|| Page 6
in high-component availability and easy thermal distribution. A specification for a design example in this paper
is given as follows and the chosen circuit topology for the specifications is shown in Fig.4.
Po =220 W, Vo = 105 V, Vi = 12 V, fs= 15 kHz, ∆Iin = 20%, ∆Vo = 3%.
Considering input current ripple ∆Iin, input inductor Lf is determined by,
Lf = 0.5(1-D).Vin/ ∆Iin. fs = 70µH.
B. Design of fr
Due to the smaller switch turn off current and duty loss, the below-resonance operation is chosen, and
the resonant frequency fr can be obtained from
fr = 1 / 2π√LrCr and
fr = 1 /2Deff.
So, fr≤ 42 kHz
C. Design of Lr and Cr
From the resonant frequency fr,
Lr = 3 µH &
Cr= 4.7 µF.
The improvement of the proposed RPWM method compared to PWM method are summarized as
follows.
1) Due to the reduced operation duty, the rms current ratings of the switches are reduced by 5-15%,
resulting in reduced conduction losses.
2)Due to the resonant operation, the turn-off current of switches are reduced by 25-60% and falling
slopes of the diode current are reduced, resulting in significantly reduced switching losses.
3)The required capacitance of auxiliary capacitor is dramatically reduced to 1/20th
resulting in reduced
volume and cost.
VII. SIMULATION CIRCUIT
powergui
Discrete,
Ts = 5e-006 s
v
+
- v
+
-
v
+
-
v
+
-
v
+
-
v
+
-
Vin
Output Voltage ,Vout
Output Current ,Iout
OFF-
SHELF
C
A
P
A
C
I
T
O
R
gm
DS
gm
DS
NOT
Input Filter Inductor
Input Voltage
Duty Cycle
Diode 1
Diode
double
i+
-
i+
-
i+
-
i+
-
i+
-
i+
- i+
-
Auxiliary InductorAuxiliary Capacitor
Input Current ,Iin
Output Capacitor
Fig(a) Input voltage
7. Design and Simulation of Nonisolated ZVZCS…….
www.ijceronline.com ||May ||2013|| Page 7
Fig(b) Output voltage
Fig(c)Duty cycle
Fig(d) Input current
Fig(e) Output current
V. CONCLUSION
In this paper, an RPWM method switching method has been proposed for high step-up soft switching
dc-dc converter. The proposed converter has the following advantages:
The proposed converter has the following advantages:
a. ZVS turn-on of the active switches in CCM.
b. Negligible diode reverses recovery due to ZCS turn-off of the diodes.
c. Greatly reduced passive components and voltage ratings.
d. Its voltage gain is 8.75 times, is doubled with the classical boost converter.
8. Design and Simulation of Nonisolated ZVZCS…….
www.ijceronline.com ||May ||2013|| Page 8
REFERENCES
[1] K. Hirachi, M. Yamanaka, K. Kajiyama, and S. Isokane, “Circuit configuration of bidirectional DC/DC
converter specific for small scale load leveling system,” in Proc. IEE Power Conv. Conf., Apr. 2002, vol. 2, pp.
603–609.
[2] Q. Zhao and F. C. Lee, “High-efficiency, high step-up DC–DC converters,” IEEE Trans. Power Electron., vol. 18,
no. 1, pp. 65–73, Jan.2003.
[3] T. J. Liang and K. C. Tseng, “Analysis of integrated boost-flyback step-up converter,” in Proc. IEE Electr. Power
Appl., Mar. 2005, vol. 152, no. 2, pp. 217–225.
[4] [4] R. J. Wai and R. Y. Duan, “High-efficiency DC/DC converter with high voltage gain,” in Proc. IEE Electr.
Power Appl., Jul. 2005, vol. 152, no. 4, pp. 793–802.
[5] B. Axelrod, Y. Berkovich, and A. Ioinovici, “Switched coupled-inductor cell for DC–DC converters with very
large conversion ratio,” IEEE Int.Conf. (IECON), pp. 2366–2371, Nov. 2006.
[6] M. S. Makowski, “Realizability conditions and bounds on synthesis of switched-capacitor dc–dc voltage multiplier
circuits,” IEEE Trans. Circuits
[7] Syst. I. Fundam. Theory Appl., vol. 44, no. 8, pp. 684–691, Aug. 1997.
[8] O. C.Mak,Y. C.Wong, andA. Ioinovici, “Step-upDC power supply based on a switched-capacitor circuit,” IEEE
Trans. Ind. Electron., vol. 42, no. 1, pp. 90–97, Feb. 1995.
[9] O. Abutbul, A. Gherlitz, Y. Berkovich, and A. Ioinovici, “Step-up switching-mode converter with high voltage
gain using a switchedcapacitor circuit,” IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst.-I, vol. 50, no. 8, pp. 1098–1102, Aug. 2003.
[10] B. Axelrod, Y. Berkovich, and A. Ioinovici, “Transformerless DC–DC converterswith a very highDCline-to-load
voltage ratio,” in Proc.Circuits Syst., Int. Symp. Circuits Syst. (ISCAS), May 2003, vol. 3, pp. III435– III438.
[11] B. Axelrod, Y. Berkovich, and A. Ioinovici, “Switched-capacitor/switched-inductor structures for getting
transformerless hybrid DC–DC PWM converters,” IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. I: Regul. Paper, vol. 55, no. 2, pp.
687–696, Mar. 2008.
[12] E. H. Ismail, M. A. Al-Saffar, A. J. Sabzali, and A. A. Fardoun, “A family of single-switch PWM converters with
high step-up conversion ratio,”IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. I: Regul. Paper, vol. 55, no. 4, pp. 1159–1171, May
2008.
[13] R. Giral, L. S. Martinez, and S. Singer, “Interleaved converters operation basedonCMC,” IEEE Trans. Power
Electron., vol. 14, no. 4, pp. 643–652, Jul. 1999.
[14] P. W. Lee, Y. S. Lee, D. K. Cheng, and X. C. Liu, “Steady-state analysis of an interleaved boost converter with
coupled inductors,” IEEE Trans.Ind. Electron., vol. 47, no. 4, pp. 787–795, Aug. 2000.
[15] B. Huang, I. Sadli, J. P. Martin, and B. Davat, “Design of a high power,high step-up non-isolated DC–DC
converter for fuel cell applications,”IEEE Vehicle Power Propulsion Conf. (VPPC), pp. 1–6, Sep. 2006.
[16] L. Palma, M. H. Todorovic, and P. Enjeti, “A high gain transformer-less DC–DC converter for fuel-cell
applications,” IEEE Power Electron.Spec.Conf. (PESC), pp. 2514–2520, Jun. 2005.
[17] D. Coutellier, V. G. Agelidis, and S. Choi, “Experimental verification of floating-output interleaved-input DC–DC
high-gain transformer-less converter topologies,” IEEE Power Electron. Spec. Conf. (PESC), pp. 562– 568, Jun.
2008.
[18] R. N. A. L. Silva, G. A. L. Henn, P. P. Prac¸a, L. H. S. C. Barreto,D. S. Oliveira, Jr., and F. L. M. Antunes, “Soft-
switching interleaved boost converter with high voltage gain,” IEEE Power Electron. Spec.Conf. (PESC), pp.
4157–4161, Jun. 2008.
[19] W. Li and X. He, “High step-up soft switching interleaved boost converters with cross-winding-coupled inductors
and reduced auxiliary switch number,” IET Power Electron., vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 125–133, Mar. 2009.
[20] S. Park and S. Choi, “Soft-switched CCM boost converters with high voltage gain for high-power applications,”
IEEE Trans. Power Electron.,vol. 25, no. 5, pp. 1211–1217, May 2010.
[21] Dinesh K“ Analysis of Multiphase Boost Converter for High Power Application” International Journal of Applied
Information Systems (IJAIS) – ISSN : 2249-0868 Foundation of Computer Science FCS, New York, USA Volume
1– No.7, March 2012.
[22] R.Saktheeswaran, S.Sulthansikkanderbadusha, A.Parthiban,“ High-Power Applications CCM Boost Converter
with Two Limb Topology Using Soft-Switching Techniques” International Journal of Engineering Research and
Applications (IJERA) ISSN: 2248-9622 Vol. 3, Issue 2, March -April 2013, pp.1752-1756.
[23] Ganga jeyadevi.R, low loss soft-switching boost converter with hi-bridge auxiliary resonant circuit,
International Journal of Communications and Engineering Volume 04– No.4, Issue: 02 March2012.
[24] C.Benin,Dr.M.Sasikumar,“ Simulation And Analysis Of Soft-switching Ccm Boost Converter With High Power
Applications “IOSR Journal of Engineering (IOSRJEN) , Vol. 2 Issue 2, Feb.2012, pp.203-206 .
9. Design and Simulation of Nonisolated ZVZCS…….
www.ijceronline.com ||May ||2013|| Page 9
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Mohamed Saleem. S.M. is currently pursuing the B.E Degree in Electrical and Electronics Engineering from
Syed Ammal Engineering College, Anna University, Chennai, India. His current research interests include
design and implementation of new interleaved soft switching boost converter with high step-up applications.
KalaiRaja.K are currently pursuing the B.E Degree in Electrical and Electronics Engineering from Syed
Ammal Engineering College, Anna University, Chennai, India. His current research interests include design and
implementation of new interleaved soft switching boost converter with high step-up applications.
Mohamed Ilyas Mydeen.A are currently pursuing the B.E Degree in Electrical and Electronics Engineering
from Syed Ammal Engineering College, Anna University, Chennai, India. His current research interests include
design and implementation of new interleaved soft switching boost converter with high step-up applications.
MohanRaj.C.R. are currently pursuing the B.E Degree in Electrical and Electronics Engineering from Syed
Ammal Engineering College, Anna University, Chennai, India. His current research interests include design and
implementation of new interleaved soft switching boost converter with high step-up applications.
Hazina.M received the B.E degree from Anna University Chennai in 2010 and M.E degree from the same
university in2012.She is currently working as a assistant professor in Syed Ammal Engineering
College,Ramanathapuram,Tamilnadu,India. Her current research interests include design and implementation of
new interleaved soft switching boost converter with high step-up applications.