The solution to the single-source shortest-path tree problem in graph theory. This slide was prepared for Design and Analysis of Algorithm Lab for B.Tech CSE 2nd Year 4th Semester.
It is a algorithm used to find a minimum cost spanning tree for connected weighted undirected graph.This algorithm first appeared in Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society in 1956, and was written by Joseph Kruskal.
The solution to the single-source shortest-path tree problem in graph theory. This slide was prepared for Design and Analysis of Algorithm Lab for B.Tech CSE 2nd Year 4th Semester.
It is a algorithm used to find a minimum cost spanning tree for connected weighted undirected graph.This algorithm first appeared in Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society in 1956, and was written by Joseph Kruskal.
Design of Near-Threshold CMOS Logic GatesVLSICS Design
Numerous efforts have made to balance the tradeoff between power consumption, area and speed of a design. While studying the design at the two extreme ends of the design spectrum, namely the ultra-low power with acceptable performance at one end and high performance with power within limit at the other has not made. One solution to achieve the ultra-low power consumption is to operate the design in subthreshold region. The use of sub-threshold circuit designing in fast and energy efficient circuits is always needed in electronics industry especially in DSP, image processing and arithmetic units in microprocessors, where the low power is the primary concern and the delay can be tolerated. We design a simple CMOS inverter in weak inversion region (sub-threshold) and compare the power consumption with strong inversion region using Cadence 0.18µm Technology.
4 ijaems jan-2016-8-performance analysis of mixed line rate optical wdm netwo...INFOGAIN PUBLICATION
Due to heterogeneous traffic in next generation Mixed Line Rate (MLR) networks are capable of delivering different bandwidth in a flexible manner. In this paper a simple routing algorithm is proposed to study the case of any link failure in MLR WDM networks. Here Poisson random traffic is used as a dynamic traffic for 24-hour duration. The proposed work can be achieved by deleting the failed link and then finding the new best possible shortest path between source and destination node. According to the traffic load light paths adjustments employ the addition of light paths under congestion and deletion of lightpaths which are not being used at a particular time. Simulation result shows the total number of lightpaths used, total number of addition and deletion of light paths under link safe and link failure case in mixed line rate (MLR) and single line rate (SLR) optical WDM networks.
Project is designed to develop a FACTs (Flexible AC Transmission) by TSR (Thyristor Switch Reactance) used in two ways. Read more about this project here.
This presentation contain basic knowledge about how voIP work and what are the security threat in voIP. It will also contain how we can prevent attack on voIP system.
It will contain knowledge and usefulness of colwiz tool which is used for research management tool. One can mange their research papers and also can search from using it.
It is contain knowledge about Phishing and how it happen. It also contain knowledge about how we can prevent that. So this slide contain all the basic knowledge about phishing and anti-phishing.
Water scarcity is the lack of fresh water resources to meet the standard water demand. There are two type of water scarcity. One is physical. The other is economic water scarcity.
CFD Simulation of By-pass Flow in a HRSG module by R&R Consult.pptxR&R Consult
CFD analysis is incredibly effective at solving mysteries and improving the performance of complex systems!
Here's a great example: At a large natural gas-fired power plant, where they use waste heat to generate steam and energy, they were puzzled that their boiler wasn't producing as much steam as expected.
R&R and Tetra Engineering Group Inc. were asked to solve the issue with reduced steam production.
An inspection had shown that a significant amount of hot flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes, where the heat was supposed to be transferred.
R&R Consult conducted a CFD analysis, which revealed that 6.3% of the flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes without transferring heat. The analysis also showed that the flue gas was instead being directed along the sides of the boiler and between the modules that were supposed to capture the heat. This was the cause of the reduced performance.
Based on our results, Tetra Engineering installed covering plates to reduce the bypass flow. This improved the boiler's performance and increased electricity production.
It is always satisfying when we can help solve complex challenges like this. Do your systems also need a check-up or optimization? Give us a call!
Work done in cooperation with James Malloy and David Moelling from Tetra Engineering.
More examples of our work https://www.r-r-consult.dk/en/cases-en/
Cosmetic shop management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
Buying new cosmetic products is difficult. It can even be scary for those who have sensitive skin and are prone to skin trouble. The information needed to alleviate this problem is on the back of each product, but it's thought to interpret those ingredient lists unless you have a background in chemistry.
Instead of buying and hoping for the best, we can use data science to help us predict which products may be good fits for us. It includes various function programs to do the above mentioned tasks.
Data file handling has been effectively used in the program.
The automated cosmetic shop management system should deal with the automation of general workflow and administration process of the shop. The main processes of the system focus on customer's request where the system is able to search the most appropriate products and deliver it to the customers. It should help the employees to quickly identify the list of cosmetic product that have reached the minimum quantity and also keep a track of expired date for each cosmetic product. It should help the employees to find the rack number in which the product is placed.It is also Faster and more efficient way.
Explore the innovative world of trenchless pipe repair with our comprehensive guide, "The Benefits and Techniques of Trenchless Pipe Repair." This document delves into the modern methods of repairing underground pipes without the need for extensive excavation, highlighting the numerous advantages and the latest techniques used in the industry.
Learn about the cost savings, reduced environmental impact, and minimal disruption associated with trenchless technology. Discover detailed explanations of popular techniques such as pipe bursting, cured-in-place pipe (CIPP) lining, and directional drilling. Understand how these methods can be applied to various types of infrastructure, from residential plumbing to large-scale municipal systems.
Ideal for homeowners, contractors, engineers, and anyone interested in modern plumbing solutions, this guide provides valuable insights into why trenchless pipe repair is becoming the preferred choice for pipe rehabilitation. Stay informed about the latest advancements and best practices in the field.
Overview of the fundamental roles in Hydropower generation and the components involved in wider Electrical Engineering.
This paper presents the design and construction of hydroelectric dams from the hydrologist’s survey of the valley before construction, all aspects and involved disciplines, fluid dynamics, structural engineering, generation and mains frequency regulation to the very transmission of power through the network in the United Kingdom.
Author: Robbie Edward Sayers
Collaborators and co editors: Charlie Sims and Connor Healey.
(C) 2024 Robbie E. Sayers
Welcome to WIPAC Monthly the magazine brought to you by the LinkedIn Group Water Industry Process Automation & Control.
In this month's edition, along with this month's industry news to celebrate the 13 years since the group was created we have articles including
A case study of the used of Advanced Process Control at the Wastewater Treatment works at Lleida in Spain
A look back on an article on smart wastewater networks in order to see how the industry has measured up in the interim around the adoption of Digital Transformation in the Water Industry.
Student information management system project report ii.pdfKamal Acharya
Our project explains about the student management. This project mainly explains the various actions related to student details. This project shows some ease in adding, editing and deleting the student details. It also provides a less time consuming process for viewing, adding, editing and deleting the marks of the students.
Hierarchical Digital Twin of a Naval Power SystemKerry Sado
A hierarchical digital twin of a Naval DC power system has been developed and experimentally verified. Similar to other state-of-the-art digital twins, this technology creates a digital replica of the physical system executed in real-time or faster, which can modify hardware controls. However, its advantage stems from distributing computational efforts by utilizing a hierarchical structure composed of lower-level digital twin blocks and a higher-level system digital twin. Each digital twin block is associated with a physical subsystem of the hardware and communicates with a singular system digital twin, which creates a system-level response. By extracting information from each level of the hierarchy, power system controls of the hardware were reconfigured autonomously. This hierarchical digital twin development offers several advantages over other digital twins, particularly in the field of naval power systems. The hierarchical structure allows for greater computational efficiency and scalability while the ability to autonomously reconfigure hardware controls offers increased flexibility and responsiveness. The hierarchical decomposition and models utilized were well aligned with the physical twin, as indicated by the maximum deviations between the developed digital twin hierarchy and the hardware.
4. MAX FLOW THEOREM
-> A directed, weighted graph is called a (flow) network.
-> Each edge has a weight and direction.
-> We assume there exists a source and a sink.
The flow over a network is a function f: E -> R,
assigning values to each of the edges in the network
which are nonnegative and less than the capacity of that
edge. For each intermediate vertex, the outflow and
inflow must be equal.
The value of this flow is the total amount leaving the
source (and thus entering the sink).
5. FORD-FULKERSON MAX FLOW
The Ford-Fulkerson algorithm for finding
the maximum flow:
a. Construct the Residual Graph
b. Find a path from the source to the sink with
strictly positive flow.
c. If this path exists, update flow to include it. Go
to Step a.
d. Else, the flow is maximal.
e. The (s,t)-cut has as S all vertices reachable from
the source, and T as V - S.
20. MIN CUT
A cut is a partition of the vertices into disjoint
subsets S and T. In a flow network, the source is
located in S, and the sink is located in T.
The cut-set of a cut is the set of edges that begin
in S and end in T.
The capacity of a cut is sum of the weights
of the edges beginning in S and ending in T.
24. APPLICATIONS
- Traffic problem on road
- Data Mining
- Distributed Computing
- Image processing
- Project selection
- Bipartite Matching
25. CONCLUSION
Using this Max-flow min-cut theorem we can
maximize the flow in network and can use the
maximum capacity of route for optimizing network.
26. REFERENCES
Ford, Jr., L. R., and D. R. Fulkerson. “Maximal Flow
Through a Network.” Canadian Journal of Mathematics
8 (1956): 399-404. Canadian Mathematical Society.
Web. 2 June,2010
Ellis L. Johnson, Committee Chair, George L.
Nemhauser: Shortest paths and multicommodity
network flow,2003
FORD.L.R. AND D. R. FULKERSON 1956. Maximal
Flow Through a Network. Can. J. Math. 8,399-404.
Cormen, Thomas H. Introduction to Algorithms. 2nd ed.
Cambridge, Massachusetts: MIT, 2001