In electric drive control systems, the main goal is to maintain the driving motor speed to meet the mechanism’s requirements. In some practical industrial applications the mechanically-coupled load to the motor shaft has a varying mass during the system operation. Therefore, the change of mass changes the value of the moment of inertia of the system. The moment of inertia impacts the system operation, particularly the transient performance. Therefore, the variation of moment of inertia on the motor shaft during its operation creates additional challenges to accomplish a high-quality speed control. The main purpose of the current work is to study the impact of the variation of moment of inertia on the performance of both AC and DC electric drive control systems and to make a comparison between them. A mathematical analysis and simulations of the control system models had been presented; one time with three-phase induction motor and another time with DC motor, both with variable moment of inertia. A simulation of both systems had been accomplished using the Simulink software in MATLAB. The simulation results of operation of these systems have been analysed in order to get useful conclusions and recommendations for the electric drive control system designer.
Real-Time simulation of static synchronous condenser for compensation of reac...IJECEIAES
This paper presents a real time simulation stability of power system by static synchronous compensator (STATCOM), also known as astatic synchronous condenser (STATCON) in modern platform real-time simulator named (RT-LAB) using the latest INTEL quad-core processors to simulate a relatively large power system In our work, We have to study the problem of controlling voltage and reactive power in electric system by STATCOM. All the simulations for the above work have been carried out using MATLAB/Simulink and RT-LAB. Various simulations have given very satisfactory results and we have successfully improved the voltage by injecting a FACTS device, which is the STATCOM, the Studies and comparisons of real-time simulation results of the power system without and with STATCOM connected illustrate the effectiveness and capability of STATCOM in improving voltage stability in the power system.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Modelling and Simulation of DC-Motor Electric Drive Control System with Varia...IDES Editor
This work represents a mathematical analysis and
simulation of dc-motor electric drive control system with
variable moment of inertia. A separately-excited dc motor is
used in this control system. A mathematical model for this
motor has been simulated and tested in Matlab/Simulink. A
closed-loop control system for this dc electric drive system is
proposed. The proposed control system is based on the
technical optimum method of design. The controlled variable
of this system is the load angular speed. In this control system
the moment of inertia is considered to be variable. It varies as
a function of time. A speed controller and a current controller
are designed for the suggested model to meet the desired
performance specifications by using the technical optimum
method. These controllers are attached to the control system
and the closed-loop response is observed by simulation and
testing this model. The results show the high-performance of
the designed control system.
Induction motor modelling and applications reportUmesh Dadde
This document discusses induction motor modeling and applications. It begins with an introduction to electrical drives and induction motors, explaining how they are commonly used with control algorithms and power converters. It then discusses the derivation of induction motor equations and modeling approaches, including the constant voltage/frequency principle and transformation theory. The document covers steady state equations, inverter operation, and simulation results. It examines induction motor components, principles of operation, and developing dynamic equations to model and analyze induction motor behavior.
Transient stability analysis and enhancement of ieee 9 bus system ecij
System stability study is the important parameter of economic, reliable and secure power system planning and operation. Power system studies are important during the planning and conceptual design stages of the project as well as during the operating life of the plant periodically. This paper presents the power system stability analysis for IEEE- 9 bus test system. The fault is created on different busses and transient stability is analyzedfor different load and generation conditions. The critical clearing time (CCT) is calculated by
using time domain classical extended equal area criterion method. The system frequency and voltage variation is observed for different fault locations and CCT. The IEEE-9 bus test system is simulated and stability is analyzed on ETAP software
IRJET- Vector Control of Three Phase Induction MotorIRJET Journal
This document discusses vector control of a three-phase induction motor. Vector control, also called field-oriented control, allows independent control of torque and flux in induction motors, similar to DC motors. The document describes:
1) How vector control works by transforming stator currents into orthogonal d-q components representing flux and torque.
2) The principle of field-oriented control which locks the d-q reference frame to the rotor flux vector for decoupled control of flux and torque.
3) The simulation model built in MATLAB/Simulink to test vector control, including blocks for Clarke/Park transformations, current control, and a PI speed controller.
This document provides a quick introduction to using PowerWorld Simulator for transient stability analysis. It begins with an overview and goals, then demonstrates how to convert a power flow case to a transient stability case by adding a classical machine model to a generator. It shows how to specify a fault event, choose results to view, run the simulation, and view time-series and minimum/maximum results. Finally, it provides an example of changing the model and fault to replicate an example from a textbook, and compares the resulting rotor angle plot.
Design of Electric Drive for Vehicular Application Using Vector ControlIOSR Journals
This document describes the design of an electric drive system for a vehicular application using vector control. It proposes an induction motor fed by a three-phase voltage source inverter whose input comes from a boost converter. Indirect vector control is chosen as the control scheme due to its ability to provide fast and accurate torque control without needing rotor position sensors. Simulation results show the motor is able to achieve speed control within 2.5 seconds with less than 4% deviation from the reference speed.
Real-Time simulation of static synchronous condenser for compensation of reac...IJECEIAES
This paper presents a real time simulation stability of power system by static synchronous compensator (STATCOM), also known as astatic synchronous condenser (STATCON) in modern platform real-time simulator named (RT-LAB) using the latest INTEL quad-core processors to simulate a relatively large power system In our work, We have to study the problem of controlling voltage and reactive power in electric system by STATCOM. All the simulations for the above work have been carried out using MATLAB/Simulink and RT-LAB. Various simulations have given very satisfactory results and we have successfully improved the voltage by injecting a FACTS device, which is the STATCOM, the Studies and comparisons of real-time simulation results of the power system without and with STATCOM connected illustrate the effectiveness and capability of STATCOM in improving voltage stability in the power system.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Modelling and Simulation of DC-Motor Electric Drive Control System with Varia...IDES Editor
This work represents a mathematical analysis and
simulation of dc-motor electric drive control system with
variable moment of inertia. A separately-excited dc motor is
used in this control system. A mathematical model for this
motor has been simulated and tested in Matlab/Simulink. A
closed-loop control system for this dc electric drive system is
proposed. The proposed control system is based on the
technical optimum method of design. The controlled variable
of this system is the load angular speed. In this control system
the moment of inertia is considered to be variable. It varies as
a function of time. A speed controller and a current controller
are designed for the suggested model to meet the desired
performance specifications by using the technical optimum
method. These controllers are attached to the control system
and the closed-loop response is observed by simulation and
testing this model. The results show the high-performance of
the designed control system.
Induction motor modelling and applications reportUmesh Dadde
This document discusses induction motor modeling and applications. It begins with an introduction to electrical drives and induction motors, explaining how they are commonly used with control algorithms and power converters. It then discusses the derivation of induction motor equations and modeling approaches, including the constant voltage/frequency principle and transformation theory. The document covers steady state equations, inverter operation, and simulation results. It examines induction motor components, principles of operation, and developing dynamic equations to model and analyze induction motor behavior.
Transient stability analysis and enhancement of ieee 9 bus system ecij
System stability study is the important parameter of economic, reliable and secure power system planning and operation. Power system studies are important during the planning and conceptual design stages of the project as well as during the operating life of the plant periodically. This paper presents the power system stability analysis for IEEE- 9 bus test system. The fault is created on different busses and transient stability is analyzedfor different load and generation conditions. The critical clearing time (CCT) is calculated by
using time domain classical extended equal area criterion method. The system frequency and voltage variation is observed for different fault locations and CCT. The IEEE-9 bus test system is simulated and stability is analyzed on ETAP software
IRJET- Vector Control of Three Phase Induction MotorIRJET Journal
This document discusses vector control of a three-phase induction motor. Vector control, also called field-oriented control, allows independent control of torque and flux in induction motors, similar to DC motors. The document describes:
1) How vector control works by transforming stator currents into orthogonal d-q components representing flux and torque.
2) The principle of field-oriented control which locks the d-q reference frame to the rotor flux vector for decoupled control of flux and torque.
3) The simulation model built in MATLAB/Simulink to test vector control, including blocks for Clarke/Park transformations, current control, and a PI speed controller.
This document provides a quick introduction to using PowerWorld Simulator for transient stability analysis. It begins with an overview and goals, then demonstrates how to convert a power flow case to a transient stability case by adding a classical machine model to a generator. It shows how to specify a fault event, choose results to view, run the simulation, and view time-series and minimum/maximum results. Finally, it provides an example of changing the model and fault to replicate an example from a textbook, and compares the resulting rotor angle plot.
Design of Electric Drive for Vehicular Application Using Vector ControlIOSR Journals
This document describes the design of an electric drive system for a vehicular application using vector control. It proposes an induction motor fed by a three-phase voltage source inverter whose input comes from a boost converter. Indirect vector control is chosen as the control scheme due to its ability to provide fast and accurate torque control without needing rotor position sensors. Simulation results show the motor is able to achieve speed control within 2.5 seconds with less than 4% deviation from the reference speed.
Power System Stability Enhancement Using FLC and MPC for STATCOMIJERA Editor
In modern power system, Static Compensator (STATCOM) is used to alleviate the transient stability problem
and damping power system oscillations. In this paper different STATCOM control scheme using fuzzy logic
controller (FLC) and model predictive controller (MPC) for the Single Machine Infinite Bus (SMIB) system in
improving transient stability is simulated using MATLAB/ Simulink in power systems block set. PI, FLC and
MPC signals are used to control and exchange the required reactive power among the STATCOM and the power
grid. A load disturbance is simulated and the behavior of the system for voltage fluctuations has been studied.
Simulation results using Proportional-Integral (PI) controller, Fuzzy Logic Controller (FLC) and Model
Predictive Controller (MPC) have been compared. The effectiveness of the different controllers in damping
oscillations and improving power system stability has been discussed.
Power System Stabilizer with Induction Motor on Inter Area Oscillation of Int...IJMTST Journal
This paper describe the problem of initializing the dynamic models of the induction motor for inter area oscillation of power system studies. To further investigate the effects of dynamic loads on power systems stability, the effectiveness of conventional as well as modern linear controllers is tested and compared with the variation of loads. The effectiveness is assessed based on the damping of the dominant mode and the analysis in this paper highlights the fact that the dynamic load has substantial effect on the system damping. This paper presents an analysis to investigate the critical parameters of the induction motor like inertia and stator and rotor resistance, and reactance which effect of the stability of the system. The examination is showed on the both a standard IEEE 10-machine system with dynamic loads. To further investigate the Power System Stabilizer with Induction Motor on Inter Area Oscillation of Inter Connected by using the MATLAB/SIMLINK Model.
This document discusses a proposed tool using support vector regression (SVR) and fuzzy logic controller (FLC) for online voltage stability monitoring and estimation of reactive power (VAR) support in deregulated power systems. The tool uses bus voltage angle and reactive power load as inputs to SVR to predict the voltage stability margin index (VSMI) and voltage stability factor (VSF) of the most critical bus. The results of SVR are compared to artificial neural networks in terms of accuracy and computation time on IEEE 14 bus and 30 bus test systems. The tool estimates voltage stability margins for different transactions and contingencies and determines the minimum VAR support needed to enhance stability.
This document proposes an artificial neural network and fuzzy logic controller tool for online voltage stability monitoring and estimating reactive power (VAR) support needs in deregulated power systems. The tool uses bus voltage angles and reactive power loads as inputs to the ANN, which then outputs the voltage stability margin and voltage stability factor of the most vulnerable bus. The ANN is trained offline using patterns from continuation power flow simulations. The tool can estimate stability margins and determine minimum VAR support for different system conditions and contingencies in deregulated markets. It has been tested on IEEE 14 bus and 30 bus systems.
This paper focuses on the modeling and control of a wind energy conversion chain using a permanent magnet synchronous machine. This system behaves a turbine, a generator, DC/DC and DC/AC power converters. These are connected on both sides to the DC bus, where the inverter is followed by a filter which is connected to the grid. In this paper, we have been used two types of controllers. For the stator side converter, we consider the Takagi-Sugeno approach where the parameters of controller have been computed by the theory of linear matrix inequalities. The stability synthesis has been checked using the Lyapunov theory. According to the grid side converter, the proportional integral controller is exploited to keep a constant voltage on the DC bus and control both types of powers. The simulation results demonstrate the robustness of the approach used.
Design and Analysis of Mechanism for Dynamic Characterization of Power Transm...iosrjce
Power transmission systems are being widely used for transmission of power between two members.
Once a particular transmission system is realized it needs to be qualified before its course of application. As
part of this intended torque of the transmission systems needs to be measured and tested. Conventional means of
dynamic characterization of power transmission system has got the demerit of energy consumption to a greater
extent. Because of this more effort is to be put in terms of power for the sake of testing the intended system.
Great need exists for a system which consumes less or ideally no energy while performing test. This project
aims at evolution of a novel technique for evaluating the torque transmitting capability of power transmission
systems without consuming more energy. To start with all the subsystems of the proposed design will be
identified and each of them will be designed for getting their dimensions. Then these dimensional models will be
transformed to solid model of the assembled configuration using 3D CAD software. Functional load which will
be experienced by this design will be assessed and structural analysis will be carried out against these loads
using Finite Element Method (FEM) in commercial FEA software i.e. ANSYS
Comparison of Shunt Facts Devices for the Improvement of Transient Stability ...IJSRD
This paper presents, the performance of STATCOM placed at midpoint of the two machine power system and compared with the performance of SVC. The comparison of various results found for the different type of faults (single line, double line & three phase fault) occur in long transmission line, and their removal by using shunt FACTS devices is analysed. Computer simulation results under a severe disturbance condition (three phase fault) for different fault clearing times, and different line lengths are analyzed. Both controllers are implemented using MATLAB/SIMULINK. Simulation results shows that the STATCOM with conventional PI controller installed with two machine three bus systems provides better damping oscillation characteristics in rotor angle as compared to two machine power system installed with SVC. The transient stability of two machine system installed with STATCOM has been improved considerably and post settling time of the system after facing disturbance is also improved.
This document discusses speed control of a DC motor using a chopper (buck converter) and PI controller. A buck converter is used to vary the armature voltage of the separately excited DC motor, allowing control of motor speed. A PI controller is employed to remove delay and provide fast control by minimizing the error between the reference speed and actual motor speed measured by a tachogenerator. The complete system including DC motor, buck converter and PI controller is modeled in MATLAB/Simulink. Simulation results for motor parameters like speed, current and torque are analyzed to verify the speed control methodology.
This document summarizes a research paper that proposes a new switched capacitance power converter for a 6/4 switched reluctance motor drive. The proposed converter aims to reduce torque ripple and allow constant speed to be achieved more quickly with reduced power loss compared to an asymmetric converter. The operating principles and design of the proposed converter are described. Simulation results using MATLAB Simulink show that the proposed converter produces less torque oscillation and maintains a constant speed of 4500 RPM, making it suitable for low and medium speed applications.
Use of Modular Multilevel Cascade Inverter as a Method to Speed-Sensorless St...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a research paper that presents a speed-sensorless start-up method for an induction motor driven by a modular multilevel cascade inverter (MMCI) based on double-star chopper cells (DSCC). The start-up method combines capacitor-voltage control with motor-speed control. Capacitor-voltage control regulates the dc voltage of each capacitor and mitigates voltage fluctuations. Motor-speed control forms a feedback loop of stator currents to enable stable start-up from zero speed to middle speed without a speed sensor. Experimental results from a 15kW downscaled system verify the method enhances start-up torque by 3x under voltage fluctuations compared to previous methods.
In this paper, we first write a description of the operation of DC motors taking into account which parameters the speed depends on thereof. The PID (Proportional-Integral-Derivative) controllers are then briefly described, and then applied to the motor speed control already described , that is, as an electronic controller (PID), which is often referred to as a DC motor. The closed loop speed control of a Brush DC motor is developed applying the well-known PID control algorithm. The objective of this work is to designed and simulate a new control system to keep the speed of the DC motor constant before variations of the load (disturbances), automatically depending to the PID controller. The system was designed and implementation by using MATLAB/SIMULINK and DC motor.
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research(IJCER) is an intentional online Journal in English monthly publishing journal. This Journal publish original research work that contributes significantly to further the scientific knowledge in engineering and Technology
Fault Analysis of DFIG under Grid DisturbancesIJERA Editor
This document summarizes research on modeling the behavior of doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG) wind turbines under grid disturbances. It presents the modeling of the DFIG wind turbine system, including the aerodynamic, mechanical, electrical, and control systems. It then describes simulations of the DFIG's response to various grid faults like three-phase and single-phase voltage dips and line-to-ground faults. The simulations show sharp increases in stator and rotor currents and voltage imbalance during faults. The document concludes the DFIG model can be used to study the machine's behavior under different grid disturbances.
DC Motor Drive System (Cascade Control Strategy)Rishikesh Bagwe
- Controlled the speed of a DC motor using cascaded current and speed PI controllers
- Root Locus Analysis was used to determine the controller gains
- Faster transient response with zero steady - state error was achieved
DC Bus Voltage Switched Control Method for Three Phase Voltage Source PWM Rec...ijsrd.com
More electric aircraft referred to as the general move in the aerospace industry to increase the amount of electrically powered equipment on future aircraft. One of the most important kind of electric loads of the future more electric aircraft is the aircraft electric actuator but its power characteristics possesses rapidly varying nature in the wider range and constant power nature in the small signal sense. Due to the problem of varying nature of power characteristics the problem of flexible voltage regulation under dynamic loads arises. For solving this problem dc-bus voltage switched control method of three phase voltage source pwm rectifier is presented in this paper. Several linear controllers are designed on different operating points of the voltage source rectifier, and one controller is implemented according to certain switching law. The stability is checked by the common lyapunov function method. Simulation results showed the desired control performance is obtained. In comparison of classical PI controller the results of switched controller achieves considerable reduction in the dip and overshoot of the dc bus voltage under an aircraft’s electric actuator load.
- The document reviews the design optimization and control methods of switched reluctance actuators (SRA). It discusses various SRA design parameters such as structure, number of phases, number of stator/rotor poles, air gap, and their impact on SRA performance.
- Novel SRA structures like segmented rotor, multilayer, and pancake-shaped designs have been developed to increase torque output and minimize torque ripples compared to conventional designs.
- Increasing the number of phases improves torque production and fault tolerance, but more complex control is required. A higher ratio of stator to rotor poles reduces noise and vibration.
- Smaller air gaps produce higher torque by providing lower reluctance for magnetic flux flow
Design and Simulation Analysis of Sliding Mode Controller for DC-DC Cuk Conve...IJMREMJournal
Due to compact size and fast dynamic response DC-DC converters are used to a great extent. DC-DC Cuk
converter has switching transients which leads to switching losses and harmonics generation. With a linear
controller like Proportional integral derivative (PID), the transients and oscillations under supply and load
variations cannot be controlled. So, it becomes necessary to use a nonlinear controller to make transient
performance of the converter stable increase its efficiency. A great advantage of this controller includes, it’s
based on large signal model of DC to DC converters hence its stability is not bounded by the size of the
interpretations around the working point. In this research work, simulation model of cuk converter with sliding
mode controller is developed and tested using MATLAB SIMULINK. Effectiveness of proposed sliding mode
controller for cuk converter is proved from simulation results.
This paper describes the design and the simulation of a non-linear controller for two-mass system using induction motor basing on the backstepping method. The aim is to control the speed actual value of load motor matching with the speed reference load motor, moreover, electrical drive’s respone ensuring the “fast, accurate and small overshoot” and reducing the resonance oscillations for two-mass system using induction motor fed by voltage source inveter with ideally control performance of stator current. Backstepping controller uses the non-linear equations of an induction motor and the linear dynamical equations of two-mass system, the Lyapunov analysis and the errors between the real and the desired values. The controller has been implemented in both simulation and hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) real-time experiments using Typhoon HIL 402 system, when the drive system operates at a stable speed (rotor flux is constant) and greater than rated speed (field weakening area). The simulation and HIL results presented the correctness and effectiveness of the controller is proposed; furthermore, compared to PI method to see the response of the system clearly.
Comparison of facts devices for two area power system stability enhancement u...IAEME Publication
This document summarizes a research paper that compares the performance of SVC and STATCOM FACTS devices for enhancing transient stability in a two area power system modelled in MATLAB. The paper reviews previous research on using FACTS controllers like SVC, STATCOM, SSSC, TCSC and UPFC to improve power system stability. Simulation results from the paper indicate that a two machine system installed with STATCOM provided better damping of rotor angle oscillations compared to an SVC installation, demonstrating improved transient stability when using a STATCOM.
Closed Loop Speed Control of a BLDC Motor Drive Using Adaptive Fuzzy Tuned PI...IJERA Editor
Brushless DC Motors are widely used for many industrial applications because of their high efficiency, high
torque and low volume. This paper proposed an improved Adaptive Fuzzy PI controller to control the speed of
BLDC motor. This paper provides an overview of different tuning methods of PID Controller applied to control
the speed of the transfer function model of the BLDC motor drive and then to the mathematical model of the
BLDC motor drive. It is difficult to tune the parameters and get satisfied control characteristics by using normal
conventional PI controller. The experimental results verify that Adaptive Fuzzy PI controller has better control
performance than the conventional PI controller. The modeling, control and simulation of the BLDC motor have
been done using the MATLAB/SIMULINK software. Also, the dynamic characteristics of the BLDC motor (i.e.
speed and torque) as well as currents and voltages of the inverter components are observed by using the
developed model.
This paper explained details of Comparison of solar based closed loop DC -DC converter using PID and ANN Control for Shunt motor drive. Solar panel output is given to full bridge converter, stepup transformer, full wave converter, ∏ filter and Shunt motor drive are connected.Comparator compare the set value and the output signal of the motor produce a signal, based on the signal, full wave conveter produce the voltage to run the motor, Speed of motor,Torque and Armature current,Rise time,Peak time, Settling time and Steady state error are measured and evaluated by experimental.A circuit operation and simulation designed for a 1000 RPM speed of shunt motor arrived and tested.
Study On Speed Control of DC MOTOR Using ThyristorIRJET Journal
This document discusses speed control of a DC motor using a thyristor. It first provides background on DC motors and thyristors. It then presents the mathematical model of a separately excited DC motor. Various methods for controlling DC motor speed are described, including armature voltage control, armature resistance control, and flux control. Single phase half wave, full wave, and dual converter drives are introduced as techniques for implementing thyristor-based speed control. A simulation model is presented to observe the effect of varying the firing angle of a single phase full converter on the torque-speed characteristic of the DC motor. The document concludes that thyristor-based drives can effectively control DC motor speed.
Power System Stability Enhancement Using FLC and MPC for STATCOMIJERA Editor
In modern power system, Static Compensator (STATCOM) is used to alleviate the transient stability problem
and damping power system oscillations. In this paper different STATCOM control scheme using fuzzy logic
controller (FLC) and model predictive controller (MPC) for the Single Machine Infinite Bus (SMIB) system in
improving transient stability is simulated using MATLAB/ Simulink in power systems block set. PI, FLC and
MPC signals are used to control and exchange the required reactive power among the STATCOM and the power
grid. A load disturbance is simulated and the behavior of the system for voltage fluctuations has been studied.
Simulation results using Proportional-Integral (PI) controller, Fuzzy Logic Controller (FLC) and Model
Predictive Controller (MPC) have been compared. The effectiveness of the different controllers in damping
oscillations and improving power system stability has been discussed.
Power System Stabilizer with Induction Motor on Inter Area Oscillation of Int...IJMTST Journal
This paper describe the problem of initializing the dynamic models of the induction motor for inter area oscillation of power system studies. To further investigate the effects of dynamic loads on power systems stability, the effectiveness of conventional as well as modern linear controllers is tested and compared with the variation of loads. The effectiveness is assessed based on the damping of the dominant mode and the analysis in this paper highlights the fact that the dynamic load has substantial effect on the system damping. This paper presents an analysis to investigate the critical parameters of the induction motor like inertia and stator and rotor resistance, and reactance which effect of the stability of the system. The examination is showed on the both a standard IEEE 10-machine system with dynamic loads. To further investigate the Power System Stabilizer with Induction Motor on Inter Area Oscillation of Inter Connected by using the MATLAB/SIMLINK Model.
This document discusses a proposed tool using support vector regression (SVR) and fuzzy logic controller (FLC) for online voltage stability monitoring and estimation of reactive power (VAR) support in deregulated power systems. The tool uses bus voltage angle and reactive power load as inputs to SVR to predict the voltage stability margin index (VSMI) and voltage stability factor (VSF) of the most critical bus. The results of SVR are compared to artificial neural networks in terms of accuracy and computation time on IEEE 14 bus and 30 bus test systems. The tool estimates voltage stability margins for different transactions and contingencies and determines the minimum VAR support needed to enhance stability.
This document proposes an artificial neural network and fuzzy logic controller tool for online voltage stability monitoring and estimating reactive power (VAR) support needs in deregulated power systems. The tool uses bus voltage angles and reactive power loads as inputs to the ANN, which then outputs the voltage stability margin and voltage stability factor of the most vulnerable bus. The ANN is trained offline using patterns from continuation power flow simulations. The tool can estimate stability margins and determine minimum VAR support for different system conditions and contingencies in deregulated markets. It has been tested on IEEE 14 bus and 30 bus systems.
This paper focuses on the modeling and control of a wind energy conversion chain using a permanent magnet synchronous machine. This system behaves a turbine, a generator, DC/DC and DC/AC power converters. These are connected on both sides to the DC bus, where the inverter is followed by a filter which is connected to the grid. In this paper, we have been used two types of controllers. For the stator side converter, we consider the Takagi-Sugeno approach where the parameters of controller have been computed by the theory of linear matrix inequalities. The stability synthesis has been checked using the Lyapunov theory. According to the grid side converter, the proportional integral controller is exploited to keep a constant voltage on the DC bus and control both types of powers. The simulation results demonstrate the robustness of the approach used.
Design and Analysis of Mechanism for Dynamic Characterization of Power Transm...iosrjce
Power transmission systems are being widely used for transmission of power between two members.
Once a particular transmission system is realized it needs to be qualified before its course of application. As
part of this intended torque of the transmission systems needs to be measured and tested. Conventional means of
dynamic characterization of power transmission system has got the demerit of energy consumption to a greater
extent. Because of this more effort is to be put in terms of power for the sake of testing the intended system.
Great need exists for a system which consumes less or ideally no energy while performing test. This project
aims at evolution of a novel technique for evaluating the torque transmitting capability of power transmission
systems without consuming more energy. To start with all the subsystems of the proposed design will be
identified and each of them will be designed for getting their dimensions. Then these dimensional models will be
transformed to solid model of the assembled configuration using 3D CAD software. Functional load which will
be experienced by this design will be assessed and structural analysis will be carried out against these loads
using Finite Element Method (FEM) in commercial FEA software i.e. ANSYS
Comparison of Shunt Facts Devices for the Improvement of Transient Stability ...IJSRD
This paper presents, the performance of STATCOM placed at midpoint of the two machine power system and compared with the performance of SVC. The comparison of various results found for the different type of faults (single line, double line & three phase fault) occur in long transmission line, and their removal by using shunt FACTS devices is analysed. Computer simulation results under a severe disturbance condition (three phase fault) for different fault clearing times, and different line lengths are analyzed. Both controllers are implemented using MATLAB/SIMULINK. Simulation results shows that the STATCOM with conventional PI controller installed with two machine three bus systems provides better damping oscillation characteristics in rotor angle as compared to two machine power system installed with SVC. The transient stability of two machine system installed with STATCOM has been improved considerably and post settling time of the system after facing disturbance is also improved.
This document discusses speed control of a DC motor using a chopper (buck converter) and PI controller. A buck converter is used to vary the armature voltage of the separately excited DC motor, allowing control of motor speed. A PI controller is employed to remove delay and provide fast control by minimizing the error between the reference speed and actual motor speed measured by a tachogenerator. The complete system including DC motor, buck converter and PI controller is modeled in MATLAB/Simulink. Simulation results for motor parameters like speed, current and torque are analyzed to verify the speed control methodology.
This document summarizes a research paper that proposes a new switched capacitance power converter for a 6/4 switched reluctance motor drive. The proposed converter aims to reduce torque ripple and allow constant speed to be achieved more quickly with reduced power loss compared to an asymmetric converter. The operating principles and design of the proposed converter are described. Simulation results using MATLAB Simulink show that the proposed converter produces less torque oscillation and maintains a constant speed of 4500 RPM, making it suitable for low and medium speed applications.
Use of Modular Multilevel Cascade Inverter as a Method to Speed-Sensorless St...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a research paper that presents a speed-sensorless start-up method for an induction motor driven by a modular multilevel cascade inverter (MMCI) based on double-star chopper cells (DSCC). The start-up method combines capacitor-voltage control with motor-speed control. Capacitor-voltage control regulates the dc voltage of each capacitor and mitigates voltage fluctuations. Motor-speed control forms a feedback loop of stator currents to enable stable start-up from zero speed to middle speed without a speed sensor. Experimental results from a 15kW downscaled system verify the method enhances start-up torque by 3x under voltage fluctuations compared to previous methods.
In this paper, we first write a description of the operation of DC motors taking into account which parameters the speed depends on thereof. The PID (Proportional-Integral-Derivative) controllers are then briefly described, and then applied to the motor speed control already described , that is, as an electronic controller (PID), which is often referred to as a DC motor. The closed loop speed control of a Brush DC motor is developed applying the well-known PID control algorithm. The objective of this work is to designed and simulate a new control system to keep the speed of the DC motor constant before variations of the load (disturbances), automatically depending to the PID controller. The system was designed and implementation by using MATLAB/SIMULINK and DC motor.
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research(IJCER) is an intentional online Journal in English monthly publishing journal. This Journal publish original research work that contributes significantly to further the scientific knowledge in engineering and Technology
Fault Analysis of DFIG under Grid DisturbancesIJERA Editor
This document summarizes research on modeling the behavior of doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG) wind turbines under grid disturbances. It presents the modeling of the DFIG wind turbine system, including the aerodynamic, mechanical, electrical, and control systems. It then describes simulations of the DFIG's response to various grid faults like three-phase and single-phase voltage dips and line-to-ground faults. The simulations show sharp increases in stator and rotor currents and voltage imbalance during faults. The document concludes the DFIG model can be used to study the machine's behavior under different grid disturbances.
DC Motor Drive System (Cascade Control Strategy)Rishikesh Bagwe
- Controlled the speed of a DC motor using cascaded current and speed PI controllers
- Root Locus Analysis was used to determine the controller gains
- Faster transient response with zero steady - state error was achieved
DC Bus Voltage Switched Control Method for Three Phase Voltage Source PWM Rec...ijsrd.com
More electric aircraft referred to as the general move in the aerospace industry to increase the amount of electrically powered equipment on future aircraft. One of the most important kind of electric loads of the future more electric aircraft is the aircraft electric actuator but its power characteristics possesses rapidly varying nature in the wider range and constant power nature in the small signal sense. Due to the problem of varying nature of power characteristics the problem of flexible voltage regulation under dynamic loads arises. For solving this problem dc-bus voltage switched control method of three phase voltage source pwm rectifier is presented in this paper. Several linear controllers are designed on different operating points of the voltage source rectifier, and one controller is implemented according to certain switching law. The stability is checked by the common lyapunov function method. Simulation results showed the desired control performance is obtained. In comparison of classical PI controller the results of switched controller achieves considerable reduction in the dip and overshoot of the dc bus voltage under an aircraft’s electric actuator load.
- The document reviews the design optimization and control methods of switched reluctance actuators (SRA). It discusses various SRA design parameters such as structure, number of phases, number of stator/rotor poles, air gap, and their impact on SRA performance.
- Novel SRA structures like segmented rotor, multilayer, and pancake-shaped designs have been developed to increase torque output and minimize torque ripples compared to conventional designs.
- Increasing the number of phases improves torque production and fault tolerance, but more complex control is required. A higher ratio of stator to rotor poles reduces noise and vibration.
- Smaller air gaps produce higher torque by providing lower reluctance for magnetic flux flow
Design and Simulation Analysis of Sliding Mode Controller for DC-DC Cuk Conve...IJMREMJournal
Due to compact size and fast dynamic response DC-DC converters are used to a great extent. DC-DC Cuk
converter has switching transients which leads to switching losses and harmonics generation. With a linear
controller like Proportional integral derivative (PID), the transients and oscillations under supply and load
variations cannot be controlled. So, it becomes necessary to use a nonlinear controller to make transient
performance of the converter stable increase its efficiency. A great advantage of this controller includes, it’s
based on large signal model of DC to DC converters hence its stability is not bounded by the size of the
interpretations around the working point. In this research work, simulation model of cuk converter with sliding
mode controller is developed and tested using MATLAB SIMULINK. Effectiveness of proposed sliding mode
controller for cuk converter is proved from simulation results.
This paper describes the design and the simulation of a non-linear controller for two-mass system using induction motor basing on the backstepping method. The aim is to control the speed actual value of load motor matching with the speed reference load motor, moreover, electrical drive’s respone ensuring the “fast, accurate and small overshoot” and reducing the resonance oscillations for two-mass system using induction motor fed by voltage source inveter with ideally control performance of stator current. Backstepping controller uses the non-linear equations of an induction motor and the linear dynamical equations of two-mass system, the Lyapunov analysis and the errors between the real and the desired values. The controller has been implemented in both simulation and hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) real-time experiments using Typhoon HIL 402 system, when the drive system operates at a stable speed (rotor flux is constant) and greater than rated speed (field weakening area). The simulation and HIL results presented the correctness and effectiveness of the controller is proposed; furthermore, compared to PI method to see the response of the system clearly.
Comparison of facts devices for two area power system stability enhancement u...IAEME Publication
This document summarizes a research paper that compares the performance of SVC and STATCOM FACTS devices for enhancing transient stability in a two area power system modelled in MATLAB. The paper reviews previous research on using FACTS controllers like SVC, STATCOM, SSSC, TCSC and UPFC to improve power system stability. Simulation results from the paper indicate that a two machine system installed with STATCOM provided better damping of rotor angle oscillations compared to an SVC installation, demonstrating improved transient stability when using a STATCOM.
Closed Loop Speed Control of a BLDC Motor Drive Using Adaptive Fuzzy Tuned PI...IJERA Editor
Brushless DC Motors are widely used for many industrial applications because of their high efficiency, high
torque and low volume. This paper proposed an improved Adaptive Fuzzy PI controller to control the speed of
BLDC motor. This paper provides an overview of different tuning methods of PID Controller applied to control
the speed of the transfer function model of the BLDC motor drive and then to the mathematical model of the
BLDC motor drive. It is difficult to tune the parameters and get satisfied control characteristics by using normal
conventional PI controller. The experimental results verify that Adaptive Fuzzy PI controller has better control
performance than the conventional PI controller. The modeling, control and simulation of the BLDC motor have
been done using the MATLAB/SIMULINK software. Also, the dynamic characteristics of the BLDC motor (i.e.
speed and torque) as well as currents and voltages of the inverter components are observed by using the
developed model.
This paper explained details of Comparison of solar based closed loop DC -DC converter using PID and ANN Control for Shunt motor drive. Solar panel output is given to full bridge converter, stepup transformer, full wave converter, ∏ filter and Shunt motor drive are connected.Comparator compare the set value and the output signal of the motor produce a signal, based on the signal, full wave conveter produce the voltage to run the motor, Speed of motor,Torque and Armature current,Rise time,Peak time, Settling time and Steady state error are measured and evaluated by experimental.A circuit operation and simulation designed for a 1000 RPM speed of shunt motor arrived and tested.
Study On Speed Control of DC MOTOR Using ThyristorIRJET Journal
This document discusses speed control of a DC motor using a thyristor. It first provides background on DC motors and thyristors. It then presents the mathematical model of a separately excited DC motor. Various methods for controlling DC motor speed are described, including armature voltage control, armature resistance control, and flux control. Single phase half wave, full wave, and dual converter drives are introduced as techniques for implementing thyristor-based speed control. A simulation model is presented to observe the effect of varying the firing angle of a single phase full converter on the torque-speed characteristic of the DC motor. The document concludes that thyristor-based drives can effectively control DC motor speed.
This document provides an overview of electrical drives and DC motor drives controlled by single phase and three phase converters. It discusses the key components of an electrical drive including the power converter, control unit, sensing unit and electric motor. For DC motor drives, it describes the operation of separately excited, shunt and series DC motors. It also provides the equations for the back EMF, torque and armature circuit of DC motors that define their speed-torque characteristics. The document is intended as lecture notes for a course on electrical drives and DC motor control using converters.
This document describes a study on controlling the speed of a brushless DC motor using a microcontroller. It provides background on brushless DC motors, including their construction, advantages over brushed DC motors, and typical control method using Hall sensors and electronic commutation of the phases. The document then presents the dynamic model of a brushless DC motor, including equations for the back EMF, torque production, motor position and speed. It describes the hardware components used, including the brushless DC motor, Hall sensors, inverter, and microcontroller. The goal is to design a low-cost microcontroller-based speed control system for the brushless DC motor.
Speed Control of DC Motor under Varying Load Using PID ControllerCSCJournals
DC motors are used extensively in industrial variable speed applications because of most demanding speed-torque characteristics and are simple in controlling aspects. This paper presents a DC motor speed controlling technique under varying load condition. The linear system model of separately excited DC motor with Torque-variation is designed using PID controller. A Matlab simulation of proposed system with no-Load and full-load condition is performed on Simulink platform to observe the system response. The motor speed is kept constant in this experiment. The simulation result of the experiment shows that a motor is running approximately at a constant speed regardless of a motor load. The Simulink results show that the speed of the motor is slow down only for about 270 rpm (9%) in 980 milliseconds under the effect of full load. However, the motor speed is hunting about 200 rpm (6.66%) in 900 milliseconds on unloading condition. It is concluded that a PID controller is successful tool for controlling the motor speed in presence of load disturbances.
Design and Analysis of Power System Stabilizer and Unified Power Flow Control...IRJET Journal
The document describes modeling and analysis of an automatic voltage regulator (AVR), power system stabilizer (PSS), and unified power flow controller (UPFC) in a single machine infinite bus (SMIB) power system to enhance transient stability and improve power transfer capability. Case studies are conducted by changing the reference voltage, infinity bus voltage, mechanical torque, and introducing faults. The responses of rotor angle, slip, excitation voltage, and electrical torque are simulated. The control strategies of UPFC include phase voltage control, quadrature voltage control, quadrature current control, and real current control, except for phase angle control. Modeling equations are provided for the generator, AVR, PSS, and UPFC and their control strategies.
This document describes using a fuzzy logic controller and PID controller to control the speed of a DC motor. It first provides background on DC motors and controllers. It then discusses the design of a fuzzy logic controller for a DC motor, including defining the inputs, rule base, inference engine, and defuzzification method. The document presents the modeling of a separately excited DC motor. It then simulates the motor's speed response using a PID controller and fuzzy logic controller in MATLAB. The results show that the fuzzy logic controller has better transient and steady-state response than the PID controller for controlling the non-linear DC motor speed.
This document describes using a fuzzy logic controller and PID controller to control the speed of a DC motor. It first provides background on DC motors and controllers. It then discusses the design of a fuzzy logic controller for a DC motor, including defining the inputs, rule base, inference engine, and defuzzification method. The document presents the modeling of a separately excited DC motor. It then simulates the motor's speed response using a PID controller and fuzzy logic controller in MATLAB. The results show that the fuzzy logic controller has better transient and steady-state response than the PID controller for controlling the non-linear DC motor speed.
QUICK DYNAMIC TORQUE CONTROL IN DTC-HYSTERESIS-BASED INDUCTION MOTOR BY USING...ijiert bestjournal
Induction machines are widely employed in industries due to their r ugged structure,high maintainability and economy than DC motors. There has been constant development in the i nduction motor drive system and their implementation in industrial applications. The improvement of switching speed of power electronic devices has enabled control techniques which possess high switching f requency and feasibility of high efficiency drive systems. In this pretext,Direct Torque Contr ol (DTC) was introduced to obtain quick and better dynamic torque response. The DTC scheme in its basic c onfiguration comprises torque and flux estimator DTC controller,stator voltage vector selector and voltage source inverter. Direct Torque Control of induction motor has increasingly become the best alternative to Field- Oriented Control methods. The performance of an induction motor under the classical Direct Torque Control method and improved scheme have been studied and confirmed by simulation using MATLAB.
Current mode controlled fuzzy logic based inter leaved cuk converter SVM inve...Dr.NAGARAJAN. S
Recent developments in intelligent control methods and power electronics have amended PhotoVoltaic (PV) based DC to AC converters related to AC drives. Interleaved cuk converter and inverter find their way in interconnecting PV and Induction Motor Drive (IMD). Simulation studies were done for closed loop InterLeaved Cuk Converter and Inverter fed Induction Motor Drive (ILCCIIMD) systems with conventional and intelligent controllers.
These studies were carried out using MATLAB simulink based models for ILCCIIMD. For production of DC- voltage in the input of the inverter, PV fed InterLeaved Cuk-regulator is recommended. Cuk-regulator is utilized for enhancing the output of the PV system. Closed loop Proportional-Integral (PI), Proportional- Resonant(PR) and Fuzzy-Logic(FL) controlled ILCCIIMD systems are simulated and their outcome like dy- namic responses and torque ripple are related for an Electric Vehicle(EV) application. The proposed IL- CCIIMD system with FLC is found to have better dynamic characteristics and lesser torque ripple when compared to the system with conventional controller.
Analytical Description of Dc Motor with Determination of Rotor Damping Consta...theijes
DC motor as an electric machine have been applied in numerous control systems. However, a critical parameter of interest that must be evaluated in designing a DC motor based system is the damping constant of the rotor. This paper analytically examines how to determine the damping constant of the rotor of a 12V DC motor, with the determination based on the following parameters: Armature resistance (Ra), inductance (La), Capacitance, the Stall current and the Angular rate of excitation of the motor with varying armature excitation of the current. These parameters help to ascertain the maximum and the minimum operating limit of the motor so as not to exceed the boundary-operating limits of the 12V motor. Experiments were performed in the laboratory and at the end of the analysis, the result shows that the value of damping constant of a 12V DC motor was -3.317 10-4 N-m-sec 2 . This parameter can be factored in future control system designs.
Parameter estimation of three-phase linear induction motor by a DSP-based el...IJECEIAES
This work describes a method to characterize a three-phase linear induction motor in order to determine the various parameters used in its per-phase equivalent circuit by a DSP-based electric-drives system. In LIM (Linear Induction Motor), the air gap is very large compared with the RIMs (Rotary Induction Motors). Further, the secondary part normally does not have slotted structure. It is just made of aluminum and steel plates. Therefore, the effective air gap is larger than the physical air gap. High air gap makes a larger leakage inductance. It leads to lower efficiency and lower power factor. DC resistance test will be done to determine the value of Rs. The primary Inductance Ls will be calculated by running the LIM at synchronous speed. The secondary parameters i.e. Llr and Rr′ will be calculated by blocked-mover test. The experiment for no load test is shown and include a DC motor coupled to the LIM under test. Two methods to calculate the secondary parameters are described.
1. direct torque control of induction motor with fuzzy controller a reviewMajdi Dadeq
This document reviews direct torque control of induction motors with fuzzy controllers. It begins by providing background on induction motors and their widespread use in industry. It then discusses direct torque control, which aims to directly control the stator flux and torque of induction motors through optimal selection of inverter switching vectors. The rest of the document discusses modeling induction motor drives using direct torque control with fuzzy logic applications and compares various techniques that have been proposed.
1) The document describes a system for controlling the speed of a CUK converter-fed BLDC motor using a PI controller.
2) A CUK converter is used to provide power to the BLDC motor and PI control is applied to regulate the output voltage of the CUK converter in order to control the motor speed.
3) Simulation results show that the proposed PI controller is able to effectively control the motor speed while maintaining low current ripple and reducing torque ripples.
PARAMETER IDENTIFICATION AND MODELLING OF SEPARATELY EXCITED DC MOTOR ijiert bestjournal
DC Motors can be used in various applications and c an be used in various sizes and rates as per the applications. In this paper we have focused on the physical parameters of DC motor. Modelling of any system is an important task in con trol applications because the electrical and mechanical components should be represented in math ematical form. Physical parameters are important in calculating the transfer function of D C motor. By using the physical parameters one can design the controller for controlling speed of the motor. A proportional�integral� derivative controller (PID controller) is a generic control loop feedback mechanism (controller) widely used in industrial control syst ems. The controller attempts to minimize the error by adjusting the process control inputs. The weighted sum of the proportionate,integrate,differentiate actions is used to adjust the process via a control element such as the position of a control valve,or the power supplied.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Direct torque control of IM using PID controller IJECEIAES
Direct torque control "DTC" technique is one of a high performance control system of an AC motor drive, which was proposed after the vector oriented control scheme during the resent 25 years. It has been developed rapidly for its concise system scheme, transient and dynamic performance. The DTC mechanism consists of voltage vector selection table, two hysteresis comparators and two estimator’s one for stator flux and another for electromagnetic torque. DTC is directly control torque and flux by using Voltage Source Inverter VSI, space vector and stator flux orientation and indirect speed regulated. A several control techniques can be used for improving the torque and flux performance. In this paper, the DTC with Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) controller used to improve the starting and dynamic performance of asynchronous motor AM, which gives good torque and flux response, best speed control and also minimize the unacceptable torque ripple. The mathematical model of DTC with PID controller of 3-phase induction motor IM are simulated under MatlabSimulink. Therefore, the DTC based on PID controller has good performance of IM compared to classical DTC for starting, running state and also during change in load.
IRJET - Improvement of Power Factor and Efficiency of Three Phase Inducti...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a research paper that investigates improving the power factor and efficiency of a three-phase induction motor through extinction angle control. It begins with an abstract that outlines using insulated-gate bipolar transistors (IGBTs) and diodes in a power circuit to generate extinction pulses and attaching this circuit to each phase of an induction motor drive. It then provides background on using advanced control techniques in power converters to improve system efficiency. The document describes the basic block diagram and control circuit used to generate gate pulses for the IGBT switches. It explains the operation involves three modes - active, dead time, and freewheeling - to efficiently deliver power to the motor load. The research aims to simultaneously improve both
Similar to A comparative study of performance of AC and DC electric drive control systems with variable moment of inertia (20)
Square transposition: an approach to the transposition process in block cipherjournalBEEI
The transposition process is needed in cryptography to create a diffusion effect on data encryption standard (DES) and advanced encryption standard (AES) algorithms as standard information security algorithms by the National Institute of Standards and Technology. The problem with DES and AES algorithms is that their transposition index values form patterns and do not form random values. This condition will certainly make it easier for a cryptanalyst to look for a relationship between ciphertexts because some processes are predictable. This research designs a transposition algorithm called square transposition. Each process uses square 8 × 8 as a place to insert and retrieve 64-bits. The determination of the pairing of the input scheme and the retrieval scheme that have unequal flow is an important factor in producing a good transposition. The square transposition can generate random and non-pattern indices so that transposition can be done better than DES and AES.
Hyper-parameter optimization of convolutional neural network based on particl...journalBEEI
The document proposes using a particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm to optimize the hyperparameters of a convolutional neural network (CNN) for image classification. The PSO algorithm is used to find optimal values for CNN hyperparameters like the number and size of convolutional filters. In experiments on the MNIST handwritten digit dataset, the optimized CNN achieved a testing error rate of 0.87%, which is competitive with state-of-the-art models. The proposed approach finds optimized CNN architectures automatically without requiring manual design or encoding strategies during training.
Supervised machine learning based liver disease prediction approach with LASS...journalBEEI
In this contemporary era, the uses of machine learning techniques are increasing rapidly in the field of medical science for detecting various diseases such as liver disease (LD). Around the globe, a large number of people die because of this deadly disease. By diagnosing the disease in a primary stage, early treatment can be helpful to cure the patient. In this research paper, a method is proposed to diagnose the LD using supervised machine learning classification algorithms, namely logistic regression, decision tree, random forest, AdaBoost, KNN, linear discriminant analysis, gradient boosting and support vector machine (SVM). We also deployed a least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) feature selection technique on our taken dataset to suggest the most highly correlated attributes of LD. The predictions with 10 fold cross-validation (CV) made by the algorithms are tested in terms of accuracy, sensitivity, precision and f1-score values to forecast the disease. It is observed that the decision tree algorithm has the best performance score where accuracy, precision, sensitivity and f1-score values are 94.295%, 92%, 99% and 96% respectively with the inclusion of LASSO. Furthermore, a comparison with recent studies is shown to prove the significance of the proposed system.
A secure and energy saving protocol for wireless sensor networksjournalBEEI
The research domain for wireless sensor networks (WSN) has been extensively conducted due to innovative technologies and research directions that have come up addressing the usability of WSN under various schemes. This domain permits dependable tracking of a diversity of environments for both military and civil applications. The key management mechanism is a primary protocol for keeping the privacy and confidentiality of the data transmitted among different sensor nodes in WSNs. Since node's size is small; they are intrinsically limited by inadequate resources such as battery life-time and memory capacity. The proposed secure and energy saving protocol (SESP) for wireless sensor networks) has a significant impact on the overall network life-time and energy dissipation. To encrypt sent messsages, the SESP uses the public-key cryptography’s concept. It depends on sensor nodes' identities (IDs) to prevent the messages repeated; making security goals- authentication, confidentiality, integrity, availability, and freshness to be achieved. Finally, simulation results show that the proposed approach produced better energy consumption and network life-time compared to LEACH protocol; sensors are dead after 900 rounds in the proposed SESP protocol. While, in the low-energy adaptive clustering hierarchy (LEACH) scheme, the sensors are dead after 750 rounds.
Plant leaf identification system using convolutional neural networkjournalBEEI
This paper proposes a leaf identification system using convolutional neural network (CNN). This proposed system can identify five types of local Malaysia leaf which were acacia, papaya, cherry, mango and rambutan. By using CNN from deep learning, the network is trained from the database that acquired from leaf images captured by mobile phone for image classification. ResNet-50 was the architecture has been used for neural networks image classification and training the network for leaf identification. The recognition of photographs leaves requested several numbers of steps, starting with image pre-processing, feature extraction, plant identification, matching and testing, and finally extracting the results achieved in MATLAB. Testing sets of the system consists of 3 types of images which were white background, and noise added and random background images. Finally, interfaces for the leaf identification system have developed as the end software product using MATLAB app designer. As a result, the accuracy achieved for each training sets on five leaf classes are recorded above 98%, thus recognition process was successfully implemented.
Customized moodle-based learning management system for socially disadvantaged...journalBEEI
This study aims to develop Moodle-based LMS with customized learning content and modified user interface to facilitate pedagogical processes during covid-19 pandemic and investigate how teachers of socially disadvantaged schools perceived usability and technology acceptance. Co-design process was conducted with two activities: 1) need assessment phase using an online survey and interview session with the teachers and 2) the development phase of the LMS. The system was evaluated by 30 teachers from socially disadvantaged schools for relevance to their distance learning activities. We employed computer software usability questionnaire (CSUQ) to measure perceived usability and the technology acceptance model (TAM) with insertion of 3 original variables (i.e., perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and intention to use) and 5 external variables (i.e., attitude toward the system, perceived interaction, self-efficacy, user interface design, and course design). The average CSUQ rating exceeded 5.0 of 7 point-scale, indicated that teachers agreed that the information quality, interaction quality, and user interface quality were clear and easy to understand. TAM results concluded that the LMS design was judged to be usable, interactive, and well-developed. Teachers reported an effective user interface that allows effective teaching operations and lead to the system adoption in immediate time.
Understanding the role of individual learner in adaptive and personalized e-l...journalBEEI
Dynamic learning environment has emerged as a powerful platform in a modern e-learning system. The learning situation that constantly changing has forced the learning platform to adapt and personalize its learning resources for students. Evidence suggested that adaptation and personalization of e-learning systems (APLS) can be achieved by utilizing learner modeling, domain modeling, and instructional modeling. In the literature of APLS, questions have been raised about the role of individual characteristics that are relevant for adaptation. With several options, a new problem has been raised where the attributes of students in APLS often overlap and are not related between studies. Therefore, this study proposed a list of learner model attributes in dynamic learning to support adaptation and personalization. The study was conducted by exploring concepts from the literature selected based on the best criteria. Then, we described the results of important concepts in student modeling and provided definitions and examples of data values that researchers have used. Besides, we also discussed the implementation of the selected learner model in providing adaptation in dynamic learning.
Prototype mobile contactless transaction system in traditional markets to sup...journalBEEI
1) Researchers developed a prototype contactless transaction system using QR codes and digital payments to support physical distancing during the COVID-19 pandemic in traditional markets.
2) The system allows sellers and buyers in traditional markets to conduct fast, secure transactions via smartphones without direct cash exchange. Buyers scan sellers' QR codes to view product details and make e-wallet payments.
3) Testing showed the system's functions worked properly and users found it easy to use and useful for supporting contactless transactions and digital transformation of traditional markets. However, further development is needed to increase trust in digital payments for users unfamiliar with the technology.
Wireless HART stack using multiprocessor technique with laxity algorithmjournalBEEI
The use of a real-time operating system is required for the demarcation of industrial wireless sensor network (IWSN) stacks (RTOS). In the industrial world, a vast number of sensors are utilised to gather various types of data. The data gathered by the sensors cannot be prioritised ahead of time. Because all of the information is equally essential. As a result, a protocol stack is employed to guarantee that data is acquired and processed fairly. In IWSN, the protocol stack is implemented using RTOS. The data collected from IWSN sensor nodes is processed using non-preemptive scheduling and the protocol stack, and then sent in parallel to the IWSN's central controller. The real-time operating system (RTOS) is a process that occurs between hardware and software. Packets must be sent at a certain time. It's possible that some packets may collide during transmission. We're going to undertake this project to get around this collision. As a prototype, this project is divided into two parts. The first uses RTOS and the LPC2148 as a master node, while the second serves as a standard data collection node to which sensors are attached. Any controller may be used in the second part, depending on the situation. Wireless HART allows two nodes to communicate with each other.
Implementation of double-layer loaded on octagon microstrip yagi antennajournalBEEI
This document describes the implementation of a double-layer structure on an octagon microstrip yagi antenna (OMYA) to improve its performance at 5.8 GHz. The double-layer consists of two double positive (DPS) substrates placed above the OMYA. Simulation and experimental results show that the double-layer configuration increases the gain of the OMYA by 2.5 dB compared to without the double-layer. The measured bandwidth of the OMYA with double-layer is 14.6%, indicating the double-layer can increase both the gain and bandwidth of the OMYA.
The calculation of the field of an antenna located near the human headjournalBEEI
In this work, a numerical calculation was carried out in one of the universal programs for automatic electro-dynamic design. The calculation is aimed at obtaining numerical values for specific absorbed power (SAR). It is the SAR value that can be used to determine the effect of the antenna of a wireless device on biological objects; the dipole parameters will be selected for GSM1800. Investigation of the influence of distance to a cell phone on radiation shows that absorbed in the head of a person the effect of electromagnetic radiation on the brain decreases by three times this is a very important result the SAR value has decreased by almost three times it is acceptable results.
Exact secure outage probability performance of uplinkdownlink multiple access...journalBEEI
In this paper, we study uplink-downlink non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) systems by considering the secure performance at the physical layer. In the considered system model, the base station acts a relay to allow two users at the left side communicate with two users at the right side. By considering imperfect channel state information (CSI), the secure performance need be studied since an eavesdropper wants to overhear signals processed at the downlink. To provide secure performance metric, we derive exact expressions of secrecy outage probability (SOP) and and evaluating the impacts of main parameters on SOP metric. The important finding is that we can achieve the higher secrecy performance at high signal to noise ratio (SNR). Moreover, the numerical results demonstrate that the SOP tends to a constant at high SNR. Finally, our results show that the power allocation factors, target rates are main factors affecting to the secrecy performance of considered uplink-downlink NOMA systems.
Design of a dual-band antenna for energy harvesting applicationjournalBEEI
This report presents an investigation on how to improve the current dual-band antenna to enhance the better result of the antenna parameters for energy harvesting application. Besides that, to develop a new design and validate the antenna frequencies that will operate at 2.4 GHz and 5.4 GHz. At 5.4 GHz, more data can be transmitted compare to 2.4 GHz. However, 2.4 GHz has long distance of radiation, so it can be used when far away from the antenna module compare to 5 GHz that has short distance in radiation. The development of this project includes the scope of designing and testing of antenna using computer simulation technology (CST) 2018 software and vector network analyzer (VNA) equipment. In the process of designing, fundamental parameters of antenna are being measured and validated, in purpose to identify the better antenna performance.
Transforming data-centric eXtensible markup language into relational database...journalBEEI
eXtensible markup language (XML) appeared internationally as the format for data representation over the web. Yet, most organizations are still utilising relational databases as their database solutions. As such, it is crucial to provide seamless integration via effective transformation between these database infrastructures. In this paper, we propose XML-REG to bridge these two technologies based on node-based and path-based approaches. The node-based approach is good to annotate each positional node uniquely, while the path-based approach provides summarised path information to join the nodes. On top of that, a new range labelling is also proposed to annotate nodes uniquely by ensuring the structural relationships are maintained between nodes. If a new node is to be added to the document, re-labelling is not required as the new label will be assigned to the node via the new proposed labelling scheme. Experimental evaluations indicated that the performance of XML-REG exceeded XMap, XRecursive, XAncestor and Mini-XML concerning storing time, query retrieval time and scalability. This research produces a core framework for XML to relational databases (RDB) mapping, which could be adopted in various industries.
Key performance requirement of future next wireless networks (6G)journalBEEI
The document provides an overview of the key performance indicators (KPIs) for 6G wireless networks compared to 5G networks. Some of the major KPIs discussed for 6G include: achieving data rates of up to 1 Tbps and individual user data rates up to 100 Gbps; reducing latency below 10 milliseconds; supporting up to 10 million connected devices per square kilometer; improving spectral efficiency by up to 100 times through technologies like terahertz communications and smart surfaces; and achieving an energy efficiency of 1 pico-joule per bit transmitted through techniques like wireless power transmission and energy harvesting. The document outlines how 6G aims to integrate terrestrial, aerial and maritime communications into a single network to provide ubiquitous connectivity with higher
Noise resistance territorial intensity-based optical flow using inverse confi...journalBEEI
This paper presents the use of the inverse confidential technique on bilateral function with the territorial intensity-based optical flow to prove the effectiveness in noise resistance environment. In general, the image’s motion vector is coded by the technique called optical flow where the sequences of the image are used to determine the motion vector. But, the accuracy rate of the motion vector is reduced when the source of image sequences is interfered by noises. This work proved that the inverse confidential technique on bilateral function can increase the percentage of accuracy in the motion vector determination by the territorial intensity-based optical flow under the noisy environment. We performed the testing with several kinds of non-Gaussian noises at several patterns of standard image sequences by analyzing the result of the motion vector in a form of the error vector magnitude (EVM) and compared it with several noise resistance techniques in territorial intensity-based optical flow method.
Modeling climate phenomenon with software grids analysis and display system i...journalBEEI
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Data Control Language.pptx Data Control Language.pptx
A comparative study of performance of AC and DC electric drive control systems with variable moment of inertia
1. Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics
Vol. 10, No. 2, April 2021, pp. 588~597
ISSN: 2302-9285, DOI: 10.11591/eei.v10i2.2768 588
Journal homepage: http://beei.org
A comparative study of performance of AC and DC electric
drive control systems with variable moment of inertia
Addasi E. Said, Abdullah M. Eial Awwad
Department of Electrical Power Engineering and Mechatronics,
Faculty of Engineering, Tafila Technical University, Jordan
Article Info ABSTRACT
Article history:
Received Oct 28, 2020
Revised Dec 20, 2020
Accepted Jan 25, 2021
In electric drive control systems, the main goal is to maintain the driving
motor speed to meet the mechanism’s requirements. In some practical
industrial applications the mechanically-coupled load to the motor shaft has a
varying mass during the system operation. Therefore, the change of mass
changes the value of the moment of inertia of the system. The moment of
inertia impacts the system operation, particularly the transient performance.
Therefore, the variation of moment of inertia on the motor shaft during its
operation creates additional challenges to accomplish a high-quality speed
control. The main purpose of the current work is to study the impact of the
variation of moment of inertia on the performance of both AC and DC
electric drive control systems and to make a comparison between them. A
mathematical analysis and simulations of the control system models had been
presented; one time with three-phase induction motor and another time with
DC motor, both with variable moment of inertia. A simulation of both
systems had been accomplished using the Simulink software in MATLAB.
The simulation results of operation of these systems have been analysed in
order to get useful conclusions and recommendations for the electric drive
control system designer.
Keywords:
Control system simulation
Performance of AC and DC
electric drive
Speed control
Step change
Technical optimum
Variable moment of inertia
This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA license.
Corresponding Author:
Addasi Emad Said
Department of Electrical Power Engineering and Mechatronics
Faculty of Engineering, Tafila Technical University
Tafila, Jordan
Email: emad_addasi@yahoo.com
1. INTRODUCTION
The ac electric-drive control systems, nowadays, are used in almost all industrial applications more
than the DC-motor systems [1]. About four decades ago the asynchronous motors (induction motors) have
been operated under a fixed-frequency speed directly from the grid. Later, with the development of the
power-electronic devices, circuits and their capabilities, these machines had become able to operate with
adjustable frequency-speed through power-electronic converters. Using variable speed motor drive with open
loop may offer a satisfied performance at steady state conditions without need of speed regulation for some
applications. But, in the cases where the drive system requires fast dynamic response and accurate speed, the
open loop control becomes unsatisfactory. Therefore, it is necessary to operate the motor in a closed-loop
mode.
Although, both of these AC and DC electric drive control systems still may be found in use. Many
researchers paid attention to the DC and the AC electric machines [2]. Many of them studied the DC-motor
drives and their control [3-8]. Latha [8] studied the design of a model reference adaptive speed control of
2. Bulletin of Electr Eng & Inf ISSN: 2302-9285
A comparative study of performance of AC and DC electric drive control systems... (Addasi E. Said)
589
brushless DC-motor drive. Ayyar et al. [7] paid attention to the design of the speed controller of converter
fed DC-motor drive using model order reduction technique.
Usually, the design of control system components to get high performance behavior, for high-order
systems, involves serious computational difficulties and ponderous tasks. Therefore, for such systems there is
a need in designing of high requirements controllers through suitable order-reduction of the model [9-13]. In
the works [9-13], authors studied different electric-drive control systems and designing different controllers.
Al-Abbas [14] studied a reduced order of high order control systems. In [1, 15-20] an electric-drive control
system with asynchronous motor had been analyzed. Addasi [21] presents a study of increasing moment of
inertia of a DC-motor control system.
The main problem in all the above mentioned researches is that: they did not make enough study
and comparison between the DC and the AC electric-drive control system performance, particularly under
the challenges of changing the moment of inertia during their operation. They did not study the effect of the
change, including the step-change, of the moment of inertia of the mechanical system. The main purpose, and
the contribution, of this paper is to produce a mathmodel, to simulate and analysis the results of the
simulations of these different-drive control systems with smooth- and step-changing of the moment of inertia
and then to make a comparison between the performance of both systems. This comparison study to be made
between both systems in steady-state as well in transient operation.
2. THE MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF THE DC MOTOR AND FOR THE INDUCTION
MOTOR
The mathmodel of the direct-current motor can be built on the basis of the well known equivalent
circuit of the DC motor [21]. The differential equation of the voltage balance of the armature circuit may be
given by the following equation:
dt
di
L
i
R
E
V a
a
a
a
a
s +
+
= (1)
where: Vs is the voltage of the power supply, a
i , La, Ra, the motor armature current, inductance and
resistance, respectively, Ea= m
e
K
is the back electromotive force in the armature circuit. From the
mechanical dynamics of the motor, the torque equation is:
m
L
m
B
T
T
dt
d
J
−
−
= (2)
Where:
J = Total moment of inertia referred to the motor shaft, in kg.m2
T = Driving motor torque, in N.m
TL = Load torque, in N.m
Bvs = Viscous friction constant, in N.m.s
The voltage of the power supply is considered to be stable, balanced and no variation is going on.
The loaded slip-ring 3-phase asynchronous motor (SRIM) can be mathematically modelled by the following
five linear differential equations [22]. These state equations of the studied induction motor are expressed via
flux linkages in (α, β) system of coordinates:
)
(
−
−
= s
s
s
s
s
L
R
v
dt
d
(3)
)
(
−
−
= s
s
s
s
s
L
R
v
dt
d
(4)
R
R
R
R
R
L
R
dt
d −
−
= )
( (5)
3. ISSN: 2302-9285
Bulletin of Electr Eng & Inf, Vol. 10, No. 2, April 2021 : 588 – 597
590
R
R
R
R
R
L
R
dt
d
+
−
= )
( (6)
)
(
1
m
J
dt
d −
= (7)
where ω is the radian per second angular speed of the motor;
'
' ,
,
, R
s
R
s are the flux linkages
of the SRIM stator and the rotor magnetic circuits in α and β axes, respectively;
, are the flux
linkages of the magnetization branch in α and β axes, respectively; v
v s
s
, are the voltages of the stator
side in α and β axes, respectively; R
R R
s , are the resistances of the stator and rotor windings per phase,
respectively; L
L R
s
, are the magnetic leakage inductances of the stator and the rotor circuits, respectively;
J is the total moment of inertia in kg.m2
of the system referred to the shaft of the motor,
m
, are the
electromagnetic driving torque of the motor and the load torque in N.m., respectively
3. THE MODEL OF THE DC AND AC ELECTRIC DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS
The desired specifications of any control system are usually translated in the form of a transfer
function. For the industrial processes, whose performance are unsatisfactory with the reference model having
the desired performance, a controller should be designed such that to meet the specifications of the overall
system matching the reference model. Usually, the series controllers for high order systems are preferred
over the controllers in the feedback path, that because a large number of the state variables in the control
system would require large number of sensors in the feedback controller design.
In this work the series controllers were used, and the technical-optimum method (TOM) is used in
designing the controllers of these control systems, which is based on the well-know and widely used PID
controllers [9, 23-27]. Figure 1 illustrates the block diagram of such series-controller control system. Such a
control system has two feedbacks; the feedback of the current loop (the inner loop) and the angular speed (ω)
feedback (as the main loop and the outer loop). In the analyzed AC control system a slip ring 3-phase
induction motor (SRIM) is used. The load of this motor is considered with increasing, during operation,
moment of inertia (J) as the rotating mass is increasing. The variation of moment of inertia will be studied
during both starting and the steady-state conditions.
Figure 1. The general diagram of the studied control system with the two feedbacks
The considered transfer function of the both studied types of motors has a block-diagram, divided
into two components: the electrical component with the armature current output and the mechanical
component with angular speed output (ω). A transfer function of a first order type may describe the electrical
component, which can be written:
1
1
)
( .
+
=
s
R
L
R
s
G
a
a
t
a
a (8)
4. Bulletin of Electr Eng & Inf ISSN: 2302-9285
A comparative study of performance of AC and DC electric drive control systems... (Addasi E. Said)
591
The gain of the mechanical component of the motor has the form:
s
K
s
G m
m =
)
( , where Km = KΦ/J.
The gain of the current feedback path element:
I
V
K C
Ifb
=
(9)
where λ is the relative (per unit) maximum starting current. By using the technical optimum method (TOM)
of design, the transfer function of the series-current regulator may be written:
s
T
G
G
Ir
Ir
cl
c
fb
Ir K
K 1
2
1 ,
+
=
= (10)
where KIr is the gain of the P-type controller, TIr is the time constant of the I-type current controller. The
transfer function of the current closed loop, designed using the TOM technique has the following final form:
1
2
1
2
2
1
1 ,
2
2
,
+
+
+
=
s
T
K
s
T
T
K
G c
fb
Ifb
TO
CL (11)
Finally the series-controller of the angular speed ω, using the same method will have the transfer function:
)
1
2
(
4
1
,
,
+
=
s
T
s
T
G
K
G
s
or
ifb
TO
SR (12)
4. SIMULATION, QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS AND COMPARISON
The both of DC and AC electric drive control systems were simulated and their performance had
been studied under different conditions of operation. The two systems were studied under the action of a
smooth and a step changes of load and of the moment of inertia. Figure 2 shows the block diagram created in
MATLAB/Simulink basing on the above presented mathmodel of the control system with DC-motor. Figure
3 illustrates the block diagram of the control system with slip-ring induction motor (SRIM). The numerical
examples of these systems were produced for the simulations, using Simulink software. Every one of these
case studies is applicable in many applications in industry like metal-rope winding mechanisms and paper
manufacturing machinery or in textile industry, in which the moment of inertia increases during the motor
rotation.
Figure 2. Block diagram of the control system with DC motor
100
1.6
s
1.7
0.2s+1
26
0.008s+1
-K- -K-
P
-K-
-K-
-K-
15
s
27
s
-K-
<= 1
5. ISSN: 2302-9285
Bulletin of Electr Eng & Inf, Vol. 10, No. 2, April 2021 : 588 – 597
592
Figure 3. Block diagram of the control system with SRIM
Some results of simulations of these models are depicted in Figures 4-13. The curves in these
figures present the performance of the systems during transients and the steady-state conditions of the both
designed control systems at different operation conditions. Figure 4 shows the control system with
asynchronous motor performance at unchanged moment of inertia (J) during its operation. Figures 5(a)-(b)
illustrate the angular speed (ω) and the armature current (I) as a function of time with increasing moment of
inertia (J) for the SRIM control system. An examination of this figure shows that the duration of the transient
process is about 1.1 seconds, the speed overshoot is almost 0% and the steady-state error value in speed is
very small, it does not reach the value of 0.05%.
(a) (b)
Figure 4. SRIM system performance at constant J, (a) Speed versus time, (b) Current versus time
(a) (b)
Figure 5. SRIM system performance when J was tripled during 2 seconds, (a) Speed versus time, (b) Current
versus time
50
t
1.1
0.01s+1
-K-
94
den(s)
Sum7
S
R
-K-
-K-
P
2.2
s
0.4
J
num(s)
s
I1
95
s
I
-K-
0.1
-K-
-K-
-K-
<= 1
6. Bulletin of Electr Eng & Inf ISSN: 2302-9285
A comparative study of performance of AC and DC electric drive control systems... (Addasi E. Said)
593
Figures 6(a)-(b) illustrate the angular speed ω and the armature current with variable J and load
torque but at different rotating speed for the same system. The curves show that the settling time takes only
1.4 second, the overshoot of the angular speed equals 1% and the steady-state error in speed value does not
overtake 0.05% of its rated value. The proposed model has been tested with a wide range of change in the
load and moment of inertia (J) and the results showed high performance of the system. Figure 7 shows the
performance of the control system with DC motor at constant moment of inertia (J). Figures 8(a)-(b) illustrate
the angular speed ω and the armature current curves, respectively, with variable J and load torque for the DC
motor system. From these curves it is noticed that the settling time extends for 1.6 second, the overshoot
reaches the border of 20% and the steady state error in speed value does not exceed 0.05%.
(a) (b)
Figure 6. SRIM system performance when J was increased 5 times of initial value during 2 seconds, (a)
Speed versus time, (b) Current versus time
(a) (b)
Figure 7. DC motor drive performance at constant J, (a) Speed versus time, (b) Current versus time
(a) (b)
Figure 8. DC motor drive performance when J was tripled during 2 seconds, (a) Speed versus time, (b)
Current versus time
7. ISSN: 2302-9285
Bulletin of Electr Eng & Inf, Vol. 10, No. 2, April 2021 : 588 – 597
594
Figures 9(a)-(b) illustrate the angular speed and the current variations, respectively, with variable J
and load torque but at different operating speed for the same system. The curves show that settling time takes
3 second, the speed overshoot reaches the value of 20% and the steady-state error of the angular speed value
does not overstep the value of 0.05%. The proposed model has been tested with a wide range of change in the
load and moment of inertia (J) and it showed high performance of operation. By comparing the performance
of the AC and the DC motor systems it may be mentioned that in steady-state operation both of them, almost,
have the same high accuracy. In the other hand, the transient time duration and the overshoot values of the
angular speed of the SRIM system has much better performance.
(a) (b)
Figure 9. DC motor system performance when J was increased 5 times of initial value during 2 seconds,
(a) Speed versus time, (b) Current versus time
In Figures 10-13 are depicted the system angular speed ω and the armature current curves for the
both systems with step change of moment of inertia during starting time or after. Figure 10 shows that the
performance of the SRIM control system with step change of J during starting, where J was increased three
times of its initial value at the time of 0.3 second of the starting. The figure shows that the settling time takes
3.8 second and the speed overshoot value reaches a higher value (about 28%), which is sufficiently larger if
compare with the case of (J) step-change occurring after reaching the steady state. Figure 11 shows that the
performance of the SRIM with step change of J just after starting, where the J was increased three times of its
initial value at the instant of 1.2 second after starting. The figure shows that this change, almost, has no effect
on the system performance.
Figures 12 and 13 illustrate the DC-motor system performance with step change of J during starting
or after reaching the steady state. Figure 12 shows that the performance of the DC motor drive with a step
change of J during starting, where it was increased three times of its initial value at the instant of 0.3 second
after starting. The curves in this figure show that the settling time does not exceed 1.8 second and the speed
overshoot is limited to 4%. Figure 13 shows the performance of the DC motor drive with step change of J
just after starting, where moment of inertia was tripled at the instant of 1.2 second after starting. Curves in
this figure show that this change, almost, has no effect on the system performance.
(a) (b)
Figure 10. SRIM system performance with step change of J during starting (3 times at 0.3 sec), (a) Speed
versus time, (b) Current versus time
8. Bulletin of Electr Eng & Inf ISSN: 2302-9285
A comparative study of performance of AC and DC electric drive control systems... (Addasi E. Said)
595
(a) (b)
Figure 11. SRIM system performance with step change of J just after starting (3 times at 1.2 sec),
(a) Speed versus time, (b) Current versus time
(a) (b)
Figure 12. DC-motor system performance with step change of J during starting (3 times at 0.3 sec),
(a) Speed versus time, (b) Current versus time
(a) (b)
Figure 13. DC-motor system performance with step change of J just after starting (3 times at 1.2 sec),
(a) Speed versus time, (b) Current versus time
By examining the results of the simulations and comparing the performance of the SRIM- and the
DC-motor systems, as shown in Table 1, it may be noticed that in steady-state both of the studied systems,
have the same (or similar) high accuracy (same steady state error). In the other hand, the settling time and the
overshoot of the angular speed characteristics of the SRIM system is better than (smaller) the DC-motor
system operation except in case of step change of moment of inertia J during starting time. But this step
change during starting time is not real in practical applications. Therefore, the SRIM control system behaves
better than the DC one.
9. ISSN: 2302-9285
Bulletin of Electr Eng & Inf, Vol. 10, No. 2, April 2021 : 588 – 597
596
Table 1. Comparing the performance of the AC and the DC motor control systems
The change of moment
of inertia (J)
Settling time in seconds Overshoot (%) Steady state error, less than
DC motor
system
Induction motor
system
DC motor
system
Induction motor
system
DC motor
system
Induction motor
system
Constant moment of
inertia (J)
0.9 1.1 10 1 0.05% 0.05%
J2 = 3J1
after starting
1.6 1.1 20 0 0.05% 0.05%
J2 = 5J1
after starting
3 1.4 20 1 0.05% 0.05%
J2 = 3J1
during starting
1.8 3.8 4 28 0.05% 0.05%
5. CONCLUSION
A mathematical model for the dynamic operation of both AC and DC electric drive control systems,
based on the technical optimum method technique, had been built. A simulation of both system models had
been produced using the powerful MATLAB software. The effect of the variation of moment of inertia on the
performance of both SRIM-and DC-motor control systems had been studied. Then a comparison analysis
between the two systems had been presented. The results of the simulations for both systems confirm that the
two designed models satisfied the required high performance of the control system in both steady state and
transients, even with step change of the moment of inertia. By comparing the performance of the studied AC
and DC motor systems it may be mentioned that in steady-state operation both of them have the same high
accuracy. They have a very small steady state error. In case of smooth or step increasing of the moment of
inertia J, the SRIM system has better performance. The overshoot of the angular speed in the SRIM does not
exceed the value of 1%, while for the DC-motor system it reaches 20%. The required settling time is small
enough for both models, but still better for the SRIM system. In the other hand, the settling time and the
overshoot of the angular speed characteristics of the SRIM were increased by a larger amount comparing to
the DC-motor system, in the case of step change of the moment of inertia during the starting, but this is not
substantial as this abrupt change during starting time is not real in practical applications.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The author Emad Addasi would like to express his special thanks of gratitude to the administration
of his institution: Tafila Technical University, who gave him the opportunity and support during the
sabbatical year to prepare this paper.
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BIOGRAPHIES OF AUTHORS
Emad Addasi was born in Jordan in 1966. He received the MSc degree from Leningrad Institute
of Water Transport (Russia) in 1990 in specialization Electric Drive and Industrial Plants
Automation. His PhD was on Elaboration and Investigation of Winding-up Motion with
Permanent-magnet Motor from Saint-Petersburg State University of Technology and Design
(Russia) in 1994. His main research interests are electric machines, drives, transducers and
control. He is a professor in Electrical Power Engineering and Mechatronics Department at
Faculty of Engineering in Tafila Technical University in Jordan.
Abdullah M. Eial Awwad received the B.Sc. degree in electric power engineering from Tafila
Technical University, Tafila, Jordan, in 2006, the M.Sc. degree in electric power and control
engineering from the Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan, and the Ph.D.
degree in electrical engineering from the Technical University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany in
2018. He is currently an assistant professor at the Tafila Technical University, Tafila, Jordan. His
research interests include control of power electronics, power system operation, electric
machines, renewable energy, and wide-bandgap semiconductors.