Pneumonia is an inflammatory condition of the lung
affecting primarily the microscopic air sacs known as
alveoli.
Pneumonia is the most common infectious cause of death
in the United States.
It occurs in persons of all ages, although the clinical
manifestations are most severe in the very young, the
elderly, and the chronically ill.
Pneumonia is usually caused by infection with viruses or
bacteria and less commonly by other microorganisms,
certain medications and conditions such as autoimmune
Diseases
Pneumonia is an inflammatory condition of the lung
affecting primarily the microscopic air sacs known as
alveoli.
Pneumonia is the most common infectious cause of death
in the United States.
It occurs in persons of all ages, although the clinical
manifestations are most severe in the very young, the
elderly, and the chronically ill.
Pneumonia is usually caused by infection with viruses or
bacteria and less commonly by other microorganisms,
certain medications and conditions such as autoimmune
Diseases
Proper Case Presentation for Dengue Fever, Prevention, Treatment and everything else. Prepared by Dr Zain Khan, Doctor at Liaquat College of Medicine and Dentistry
Proper Case Presentation for Dengue Fever, Prevention, Treatment and everything else. Prepared by Dr Zain Khan, Doctor at Liaquat College of Medicine and Dentistry
I. INTRODUCTION/ OVERVIEW OF THE CASE
Pneumonia is an acute infection of the lung parenchyma. It can be caused by a virus, bacteria, mycoplasma, or fungus. It may also result from aspiration of foreign material into the lower respiratory tract (aspiration pneumonia). Pneumonia occurs more often in winter and early spring. It is common in children but is seen most frequently in infants and young toddlers. Viruses are the most common cause of pneumonia in younger children and the least common cause in older children.
A. Environmental Status
Contaminated; crowded family living status; paternal side are smokers
B. Family History of Health and Illness
The 11-month-old Client X is diagnosed with pneumonia. Mother and grandparents has no history of any illnesses but other family
members had episodes of fever recently. Paternal side are all smoking
IPA was first described in 1953. Due to
widespread use of chemotherapy and immunosuppressive agents, its incidence has increased
over the past two decades. Of all autopsies
performed between 1978 and 1992, the rate of
invasive mycoses increased from 0.4% to 3.1%, as
documented. IPA increased
from 17% to 60% of all mycoses found on autopsy
over the course of the study. The mortality rate of
IPA exceeds 50% in neutropenic patients and
reaches 90% in haematopoietic stem-cell transplantation (HSCT) recipients
These simplified slides by Dr. Sidra Arshad present an overview of the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract.
Learning objectives:
1. Enlist the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract
2. Briefly explain how these functions are carried out
3. Discuss the significance of dead space
4. Differentiate between minute ventilation and alveolar ventilation
5. Describe the cough and sneeze reflexes
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 39, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 34, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 17, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
4. Non-respiratory functions of the lungs https://academic.oup.com/bjaed/article/13/3/98/278874
Prix Galien International 2024 Forum ProgramLevi Shapiro
June 20, 2024, Prix Galien International and Jerusalem Ethics Forum in ROME. Detailed agenda including panels:
- ADVANCES IN CARDIOLOGY: A NEW PARADIGM IS COMING
- WOMEN’S HEALTH: FERTILITY PRESERVATION
- WHAT’S NEW IN THE TREATMENT OF INFECTIOUS,
ONCOLOGICAL AND INFLAMMATORY SKIN DISEASES?
- ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ETHICS
- GENE THERAPY
- BEYOND BORDERS: GLOBAL INITIATIVES FOR DEMOCRATIZING LIFE SCIENCE TECHNOLOGIES AND PROMOTING ACCESS TO HEALTHCARE
- ETHICAL CHALLENGES IN LIFE SCIENCES
- Prix Galien International Awards Ceremony
Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex System Analysis, S...Oleg Kshivets
RESULTS: Overall life span (LS) was 2252.1±1742.5 days and cumulative 5-year survival (5YS) reached 73.2%, 10 years – 64.8%, 20 years – 42.5%. 513 LCP lived more than 5 years (LS=3124.6±1525.6 days), 148 LCP – more than 10 years (LS=5054.4±1504.1 days).199 LCP died because of LC (LS=562.7±374.5 days). 5YS of LCP after bi/lobectomies was significantly superior in comparison with LCP after pneumonectomies (78.1% vs.63.7%, P=0.00001 by log-rank test). AT significantly improved 5YS (66.3% vs. 34.8%) (P=0.00000 by log-rank test) only for LCP with N1-2. Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: phase transition (PT) early-invasive LC in terms of synergetics, PT N0—N12, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells- CC and blood cells subpopulations), G1-3, histology, glucose, AT, blood cell circuit, prothrombin index, heparin tolerance, recalcification time (P=0.000-0.038). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and PT early-invasive LC (rank=1), PT N0—N12 (rank=2), thrombocytes/CC (3), erythrocytes/CC (4), eosinophils/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), segmented neutrophils/CC (8), stick neutrophils/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10); leucocytes/CC (11). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (area under ROC curve=1.0; error=0.0).
CONCLUSIONS: 5YS of LCP after radical procedures significantly depended on: 1) PT early-invasive cancer; 2) PT N0--N12; 3) cell ratio factors; 4) blood cell circuit; 5) biochemical factors; 6) hemostasis system; 7) AT; 8) LC characteristics; 9) LC cell dynamics; 10) surgery type: lobectomy/pneumonectomy; 11) anthropometric data. Optimal diagnosis and treatment strategies for LC are: 1) screening and early detection of LC; 2) availability of experienced thoracic surgeons because of complexity of radical procedures; 3) aggressive en block surgery and adequate lymph node dissection for completeness; 4) precise prediction; 5) adjuvant chemoimmunoradiotherapy for LCP with unfavorable prognosis.
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/lK81BzxMqdo
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/Ve4P0COk9OI
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
HOT NEW PRODUCT! BIG SALES FAST SHIPPING NOW FROM CHINA!! EU KU DB BK substit...GL Anaacs
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Pulmonary Thromboembolism - etilogy, types, medical- Surgical and nursing man...VarunMahajani
Disruption of blood supply to lung alveoli due to blockage of one or more pulmonary blood vessels is called as Pulmonary thromboembolism. In this presentation we will discuss its causes, types and its management in depth.
Tom Selleck Health: A Comprehensive Look at the Iconic Actor’s Wellness Journeygreendigital
Tom Selleck, an enduring figure in Hollywood. has captivated audiences for decades with his rugged charm, iconic moustache. and memorable roles in television and film. From his breakout role as Thomas Magnum in Magnum P.I. to his current portrayal of Frank Reagan in Blue Bloods. Selleck's career has spanned over 50 years. But beyond his professional achievements. fans have often been curious about Tom Selleck Health. especially as he has aged in the public eye.
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Introduction
Many have been interested in Tom Selleck health. not only because of his enduring presence on screen but also because of the challenges. and lifestyle choices he has faced and made over the years. This article delves into the various aspects of Tom Selleck health. exploring his fitness regimen, diet, mental health. and the challenges he has encountered as he ages. We'll look at how he maintains his well-being. the health issues he has faced, and his approach to ageing .
Early Life and Career
Childhood and Athletic Beginnings
Tom Selleck was born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, and grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. From an early age, he was involved in sports, particularly basketball. which played a significant role in his physical development. His athletic pursuits continued into college. where he attended the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. This early involvement in sports laid a strong foundation for his physical health and disciplined lifestyle.
Transition to Acting
Selleck's transition from an athlete to an actor came with its physical demands. His first significant role in "Magnum P.I." required him to perform various stunts and maintain a fit appearance. This role, which he played from 1980 to 1988. necessitated a rigorous fitness routine to meet the show's demands. setting the stage for his long-term commitment to health and wellness.
Fitness Regimen
Workout Routine
Tom Selleck health and fitness regimen has evolved. adapting to his changing roles and age. During his "Magnum, P.I." days. Selleck's workouts were intense and focused on building and maintaining muscle mass. His routine included weightlifting, cardiovascular exercises. and specific training for the stunts he performed on the show.
Selleck adjusted his fitness routine as he aged to suit his body's needs. Today, his workouts focus on maintaining flexibility, strength, and cardiovascular health. He incorporates low-impact exercises such as swimming, walking, and light weightlifting. This balanced approach helps him stay fit without putting undue strain on his joints and muscles.
Importance of Flexibility and Mobility
In recent years, Selleck has emphasized the importance of flexibility and mobility in his fitness regimen. Understanding the natural decline in muscle mass and joint flexibility with age. he includes stretching and yoga in his routine. These practices help prevent injuries, improve posture, and maintain mobilit
Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
Report Back from SGO 2024: What’s the Latest in Cervical Cancer?bkling
Are you curious about what’s new in cervical cancer research or unsure what the findings mean? Join Dr. Emily Ko, a gynecologic oncologist at Penn Medicine, to learn about the latest updates from the Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) 2024 Annual Meeting on Women’s Cancer. Dr. Ko will discuss what the research presented at the conference means for you and answer your questions about the new developments.
Anti ulcer drugs and their Advance pharmacology ||
Anti-ulcer drugs are medications used to prevent and treat ulcers in the stomach and upper part of the small intestine (duodenal ulcers). These ulcers are often caused by an imbalance between stomach acid and the mucosal lining, which protects the stomach lining.
||Scope: Overview of various classes of anti-ulcer drugs, their mechanisms of action, indications, side effects, and clinical considerations.
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar leads (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
1. A CASE PRESENTATION ON
PNEUMONIA
PRESENTED BY
PM
PRESENTED BY
Princy Varghese, PICU
2. Presentation
A 2 years 4 months old female child
brought with the history of fever since 1
week, low grade, wet type Cough associated
with rapid breathing .
She got hospitalized and was evaluated for
fever in PMICU
3. ON ADMISSION
Initial symptoms
Temperature
was normal
98.6 F
CVS;
S1 S2
normal, no
murmur
CNS;
Conscious
, coherent ,
active and
alert
Respiratory
system;
decreased
breath sounds-
mild tachypnea,
subcostal
retractions
On physical
examination
Per Abdomen;
soft, no
tenderness
9. DUE TO RISK FACTORS
LIKE AGE , ILLNESS,
FATIGUE, AUTO IMMUNE
DISORDERS
THERE IS IMPAIRMENT
IN THE DEFENCE
MECHANISM OF THE
LUNGS [MAINLY
ANTIBODIES AND CILIA]
OUR BODY LOSES ITS
FIGHT AGAINST THESE
MICROBES
MICROBES MULTIPLY
RAPIDLY & PASS FROM THE
TUBES INTO THE ALVEOLI
[WHERE GAS EXCHANGE TAKES
PLACE]
THIS TRIGGERS AN
INFLAMMATORY REACTIONS
WHICH GENERATES A LOT OF
INFECTIOUS FLUID COMPOSED
OF DEAD MICROBES, DEAD
ANTIBODIES AND FLUID FROM
THE ADJACENT BLOOD
VESSELS
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
10. THIS FLUID NOW BLOCKS THE
MOVEMENT OF O2 AND CO2,
MAKING IT DIFFICULT TO
BREATHE
SO FINALLY AFTER THE
LONG WAR THE NAME OF
THE DEFEAT IS CALLED
“PNEUMONIA”
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
11. Symptoms in my patient
Fever
Rapid or difficult breathing
Non-productive cough
Loss of appetite
Headache
Myalgia
Fatigue
Sharp or stabbing
chest pain
Excessive sweating or
clammy skin
17. VATS (VIDEO ASSISTED
THORACOSOPIC SURGERY)
BASED ON INVESTIGATIONS,
VATS AND DECORTICATION OF PLEURA UNDER GA
WAS DONE ON DAY 3 OF HOSPITALIZATION
PICTURE
18.
19. DURING THIS PROCEDURE, 300 ML OF
PUS WAS DRAINED AND ICD
(INTERCOSTAL DRAINAGE) WAS KEPT
INTACT FOR TWO DAYS
21. NURSING MANAGEMENT
IMPAIRED GAS
EXCHANGE R/T POOR
LUNG COMPLIANCE
RISK OF INFECTION
R/T DISEASE
CONDITION
NURSING CARE
• PROPPED UP POSITION
• OXYGEN THERAPY
• NEBULIZATION THERAPY
• HAEMODYNAMIC
MONITORING
• AUSCULTATION
• SUCTIONING
• ABG ANALYSIS
• CHEST PHYSIO &
SPIROMETRY
• STRICT I/O CHART
• ANTIBIOTICS & DIURETICS
NURSING CARE
• PROPER HAND WASHING
• MAINTAINING ASEPTIC
TECNIQUE
• MONITORING TEMPERATURE
• ANTIBIOTICS & STEROIDS
• BLOOD FOR TC ,DC, CRP DONE
• BLOOD, URINE & SPUTUM C/S
DONE
• HIGH PROTEIN DIET GIVEN
• HYGIENE MAINTAINED
22. NURSING MANAGEMENT
ACIVITY
INTOLERANCE AND
SELF CARE DEFICIT
R/T DISEASE
CONDITION
NURSING CARE
• COMFORTABLE POSITION
PROVIDED
• ASSISTED IN FEEDING, BATHING &
TOILETTING
• SPONGE BATH, BACK CARE
PROVIDED
• POSITION CHANGED
• ENCOURAGED ACTIVITY AS PER
SYMPTOMS TOLERANCE
ANXIETY R/T
FEAR OF
UNKNOWN
OUTCOME
NURSING CARE
• REASSURANCE
• COUNSELLING
• GOOD IPR
• PROPER
EXPLANATION
• PARTICIPATION IN
CARE
23. SIGNS OF IMPROVEMENT
Improvement
Child became
symptomatically
better
Serial chest
x ray showed
clearing
Minimal
drains, ICD
removed
Afebrile
period
Air entry improved
on left side
Removed
from HFNC
24. After the course of 10 days of IV
Antibiotics
Child was
Haemodynamically
stable
Taking
orally well
Afebrile
Hence planned
for Discharge
with 7 more
days of oral
antibiotics &
Nebulization
25. conclusion
child got admitted in PMICU ON 31.07.18
with the hope that
“she will be able to take breathe without any
effort in her day to day activity and
ultimately, with the efforts of PMICU team
her hope became a real one”
She got discharged on 11.08.18 without any
evident of complication…..
