The document outlines principles and practices of sustainable construction, emphasizing resource efficiency and ecological design to meet current and future needs. It details specifications and strategies to incorporate sustainability in various building components, including materials, energy management, and waste reduction. Key sections include guidelines for communication between stakeholders and requirements for green certifications like LEED.

1. SUSTAINABILITY AND SPECIFICATIONS Walsh Bishop G3 Summit June 1, 2006 Presenter: Andy Marolt, CSI, CCS, LEED AP

2. Sustainable Development Development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.

3. Sustainability Relative to the Performance of Buildings “…the maintenance of ecosystem components and functions for future generations.” -- ASTM E2114 – Standard Terminology for Sustainability Relative to the Performance of Buildings

4. Sustainable Construction “ Creating and operating a healthy built environment based on resource efficiency and ecological design.” -- Conseil International du Batiment (CIB), an international construction research networking organization

5. The Seven Principles of Sustainable Construction Reduce resource consumption (reduce) Reuse resources (reuse) Use recyclable resources (recycle) Protect nature (nature) Eliminate toxins (toxins) Apply life-cycle costing (economics) Focus on quality (quality)

6. Getting Started “ Everything after the initial decision by the owner to build a building is about communication—how the owner communicates his or her needs to the architect and how the architect communicates the design to the contractor.” -- Ross Spiegel, FCSI, CCS, CCCA, AIA, LEED AP; Author of “Green Building Materials”.

7. Communicating Sustainable Design Drawings. The graphic representation of the work upon which the contract is based. Specifications. Define the requirements for products, materials, and workmanship upon which the contract is based and requirements for administration and performance of the project.

8. Sustainability and Drawings, General Daylighting Interior Sightlines to Windows Building Orientation to Optimize Thermal Performance Improving Exterior Enclosure Insulation Thickness Fenestration locations and sizes Thermal conductivity at slab edges and structural steel penetrations Eliminate thermal bridging Mass Walls Acoustics

9. Contract Requirements AIA B211-2004, Standard Form of Architect’s Services: Commissioning AIA B214-2004, Standard Form of Architect's Services: LEED Certification

10. Division 1 - General Requirements The General Requirements specify the administration and general performance criteria for the project. The General Requirements govern all technical specification sections; but, are subordinate to the General Conditions of the Contract. The following specification sections can be used for specifying general sustainability requirements. 01 23 10 - Alternates 01 33 39 - Sustainable Design Requirements 01 74 19 - Construction Waste Management 01 91 00 - General Commissioning

11. 01 23 10 - Alternates Alternates for green products can be specified when Owner is considering green products; but, because of limited experience, is reluctant to use. Alternates for green products allow the Owner to evaluate cost and feasibility. This is a good process for Owners who want to understand how green products actually compare before committing to a sustainability plan on projects.

12. 01 33 39 - Sustainable Design Requirements This section is most associated with LEED projects Identifies sustainable design requirements US Green Building Council’s LEED-NC, LEED-CI, LEED-CS, LEED-EB Minnesota Sustainable Building Guidelines (B3) Green Building Initiative’s Green Globes Rating System Indicates certification level (i.e. LEED Silver, etc.) Specifies submittal process requirements Outlines general material and administrative strategies (i.e. 20 percent of materials shall be regionally manufactured) LEED checklist is often attached to end of section

13. 01 74 19 - Construction Waste Management Reduce waste leading to Resource optimization and rethinking design Source reduction and accurate estimating and ordering Packaging reduction and reverse distribution to suppliers Prevention and implementing efficient construction techniques Reuse materials by promoting Deconstruction and building disassembly for material recovery Use of in-place materials in lieu of new materials Recycle materials for the following modes of reuse Upcycling, creating value added products. Recycling, using raw materials for the same or equivalent end-use Downcycling, using raw materials for manufacturing lower value products

14. 01 91 00 - Commissioning “ The basic purpose of building commissioning is to provide documented confirmation that building systems function in compliance with criteria set forth in the Project Documents to satisfy the owner's operational needs. Commissioning of existing systems may require the development of new functional criteria in order to address the owner's current systems performance requirements.” -- Building Commissioning Association This section specifies the general requirements that apply to implementation of commissioning without regard to specific systems, assemblies, or components. Require Owner to hire a commissioning authority (CxA) prior to construction.

15. The Technical Sections, Divisions 3-49 “Delve! mould! pile the words of the earth!” -- Walt Whitman, “Song of the Rolling Earth”, 1891

16. Division 3 - Concrete Reclaimed or sustainably harvested wood formwork Biodegradable and zero-VOC form release agents Recycled plastic rebar chairs Recycled steel reinforcement 20 percent content fly ash in cement, a by-product from burning coal. 30 percent content ground blast furnace slag in cement Water-based, zero- or low-VOC additives and sealers

17. Division 4 - Masonry Insulating concrete form masonry units (ICFU) Specify requirements for crushing masonry waste, use as fill to divert from waste stream Concrete masonry units Consider units containing recycled content such as Trenwyth “Versastone” Specify units containing fly ash or slag. Salvaged brick Specify mortar containing fly ash Specify low-VOC sealers Consider masonry for thermal massing Specify local materials

18. Division 5 - Metals Specify mechanical methods for preparing steel in lieu of chemical methods to reduce hazardous waste Specify factory applied low-VOC primers and paints (i.e. less than 250 g/l VOC) Specify recycled ferrous and non-ferrous metals when possible. Most steel is recycled.

19. Division 6 – Woods, Plastics and Composites Wood certified from sustainable forestry practices (i.e. FSC) Lowest grade wood that meets requirements for maximizing amount of wood used from harvest Composite wood products that do not contain urea-formaldehyde Rapidly renewable products such as OSB sheathing, wheat-board, and sunflower board Structural insulating panels (SIP’s) Low- and zero-VOC adhesives Plastics containing recycled content

20. Division 7 – Thermal and Moisture Protection Building Insulation Rigid insulation materials with the highest R-value per inch that don’t use HCFC blowing agents Formaldehyde-free insulation manufactured from rapidly renewable resources and recycled content (i.e. Bonded Logic) Roofing Improve albedo with ENERGY STAR roofing products (i.e. Sheet metal, TPO and GAF modified bitumen cap sheets) PV roofing (shingles and membranes) Garden roofing Water-based and/or low-VOC roofing adhesives Low-VOC adhesives and sealants

21. Division 8 – Openings Fenestration Thermally broken curtain wall framing, storefront framing, and windows to reduce thermal conductivity Green seal certified windows Glass Low-E, argon filled, insulating glass units Low U-values & solar heat gain coefficient (SHGC) U-factor: 0.35 or less SHGC: 0.55 or less PV spandrel panels Wood Doors FSC-certified wood and/or rapidly renewable cores Low-VOC adhesives Composite cores free of urea-formaldehyde

22. Division 9 - Finishes Gypsum Board 48 inch and 54 inch widths to reduce construction waste 100 percent recycled paper facings Recycled gypsum core or post-industrial flu-gas desulpharized synthetic gypsum core Tile. Low-VOC epoxy grout and adhesive Low-VOC adhesives for wall coverings and flooring Recycled content (i.e. rubber flooring) Rapidly renewable flooring materials such as linoleum or agri-based carpet products Carpet meeting requirements of Carpet and Rug Institute’s Green Label Air Quality Test Program Green Seal certified interior paints and low-VOC exterior paints

23. Division 10 - Specialties Recycled plastic toilet partitions and wall guards HCFC-free fire extinguishers (i.e. Ansul’s clean agent type) Low-energy hand-driers (i.e. Excel)

24. Division 11 - Specialties Loading dock bumpers manufactured from recycled rubber ENERGY STAR residential appliances

25. Division 12 - Furnishings Modular casework FSC-certified veneers Low-VOC adhesives Urea-formaldehyde-free composite core materials Refurbished system furniture

26. Division 13 – Special Construction Sound and vibration control for reducing occupant complaints Saunas containing wood harvested from sustainable forests PV systems

27. Division 14 – Conveying Systems Hydraulic Elevators. Hole-less elevators whenever possible to eliminate drilling and hydraulic fluid leakage at bore-hole Traction Elevators Purchase cost is more than hydraulic elevators; however, they use less energy Microprocessor operation system to reduce energy requirements

28. Resources ARCOM, Specifying LEED Requirements Kibert, Charles J., Sustainable Construction Spiegel, Ross and Meadows, Dru; Green Building Materials Weiland, Paul S. and O’Leary, Rosemary and Durant, Robert F. and Fiorino, Daniel J., Managing for The Environment www.BuildingGreen.com User Name: WalshBishop Password: walshbishop

29. “There can be no theory of any account unless it corroborate the theory of the earth” -- Walt Whitman, 1891