This document describes an electrical control system for controlling machinery using time delay storage of electric impulses. It can use either arrays of capacitors or electron storage tubes to store voltage signals proportional to measured process variables over time, then release them after a adjustable delay to control actuators. This allows bridging the time between measurement and control action. It aims to provide a simple, reliable way to store control signals compared to mechanical or other electrical regulation systems.

1. * GB780174 (A)
Description: GB780174 (A) ? 1957-07-31
Improvements in or relating to electrical control systems
Description of GB780174 (A)
PATENT SPECIFICATION
Date of Application and filing Complete Specification: Jan. 7, 1955.
780,174 No. 5 16/55.
V1 WiApplication made in Germany on Feb. 3, 1954.
Complete Specification Published: July 31, 1957.
Index at pcceptance:-Classes 40(1), N(1A3B:3S7F); and 120(3), F6.
International Classification:-DOlb, C08c.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION
Improvements in or relating to Electrical Control Systems We,
I')EUTSCHER SPINNEREIMASCHI 4AU INGOLSTADT, NIEDERLASSUNG DER
SCHUBERT
& SALZER MASCeINENFABRiK AKTEwGESELLSCHAFT, of Ingolstadt, Oberbayern,
Germany, a German Company, do hereby declare the invention, for which
we pray that a patent may be granted to us, and the method by which it
is to be performed, to be particularly described in and by the
following statement:-
This invention relates to electrical control systems comprising time
delay storers for electric impulses for the time-delayed control of
electrical and/or mechanical apparatus.
For the illustration of the subje6t matter of the invention a
practical example of the application of such electrical impulse
storers in the textile machine industry shall first be discussed.
In drawing and final spinning the sliver or roving consisting of
fibres is drawn between rotating pairs of cylinders. For the
elimination of variations in the thickness of such fibre slivers it
has already been proposed continuously to measure the slivers or
rovings and to use the difference in thickness ascertained during this
measuring for controlling the drawing rollers.
On the desired thickness not being reached the rotary speed of the
drawing rollers is to be reduced, corresponding to the amount by which

2. it is not reached, in order to draw the fibre sliver more slowly and
in this way to thicken the thin place of the sliver. On the other
hand, on the desired thickness being exceeded at any particular place
of the sliver, the measuring devices continuously controlling the
thickness of the sliver are to cause an increase in the speed of
rotation of the drawing rollers, in order to draw out the excessively
thick place of the sliver to the desired amount.
For carrying out this controlling or [Price 3/6] regulating process in
practice various methods have hitherto been adopted. The trough and
pedal regulation frequently used with laying machines provides a
simple mechanical solution of this prob-50 lem. More latterly
different methods have been developed for storing the control power
obtained from the differences in thickness of the sliver and in tlhis
way bridging the period of time elapsing on the 55 one hand between
the measuring or ascertaining of the difference in thickness and on
the other hand the start of the control or corresponding regulation.
of the speed of rotation of the drawing rollers (com-60 pare, for
instance, the device according to British Patent 656,135).
Furthermore, regulating devices have been emnployed for regulating the
draft of fibre slivers at places in dependence on the variation in65
thickness of the incoming sliver by means of photo cell arrangements
transilluminating, the sliver. It has furthermore already been
proposed to employ ionisation chambers, the fibre sliver being
explored by 70 means of Rh5ntgen or radio active rays.
The employment of measuring condensers for the capacitive measuring or
exploring of the variations in the thickness of the sliver and for
regulating the drawing75 members is already known and in use in
various constructional forms.
The new arrangement according to the invention has the purpose of
storing the electrical impulses required for the time-80 delayed
control of similar controlling and regulating operations in a simple
and operationally reliable manner and thereby to avoid the
disadvantage of hitherto known mechanically or electrically regula-85
ting devices, more particularly their liability to break down in
continuous operation, their eonstructioni from relatively many parts
and their consequent high price. 90 e 25p a 780,174 The invention
consists in an electrical control system for controlling electrical or
mechanical apparatus, comprising an electrical impulse storer coacting
with a transmitter which converts the value of a varying physical
magnitude into a direct voltage varying synehronously with and
proportionally to this value, in which electrostatic charges having
magnitudes proportional to successive instantaneous values of the
voltage at the output terminals of the transmitter are stored at
successive points in the storer and are then released in the same time

3. sequence in which they are received in the storer but with a constant
adjustable time delay and conveyed to an amplifier which effects the
desired control in dependency on the value of the said physical
magnitude.
The variations in the mechanical value to be kept under observation
thus produce at the outgoing terminals of the transmitter potential
variations which are proportional in each case to the change in the
mechanical value and proceed synchro:
nously with the latter. These potentials must thereupon be stored true
to amplitude and frequency and be used only after the expiration of a
predetermined, adjustable period of time for the desired control or
regdlating process, for instance the alteration of the speed of
revolution of the drawing cylinders or calender rolls and thereby for
the control of the speed of revolution of the motor.
In one embodiment of the invention a plurality of substantially
identical priced condensers are used for storing the electric control
impulses, as illustrated diagrammatieally in Fig. 1 and more
particularly described below.
Furthermore, according to a further feature of the invention vacuum or
gas filled electronic storage tubes of a type commonly used in
television or in electronic computers, may be used for storing the
electric control impulses. A device of this kind is shown
diagrammatically in Fig. 2.
In the constructional example illustrated in Fig. 1 a transmitter 1
converts a varying mechanical value synchronously into a continuous
current voltage, the magnitude of which is proportional to the
partieular mechanical value. This voltage is applied to a condenser 2.
A contact 3 rotating clockwise in the drawing charges the condensers 4
of battery 4' in succession to the particular voltage of the condenser
2. The drive of the rotating contact 3 is provided either by the
machine to be controlled, with or without the interposition of
intermediate gear or separately from and independently of the machine
to be controlled. Instead of the contact 3 rotating, the battery 4'
may rotate eounterclockwise in the drawing and the contact 3 remain
stationary. A collector contact 5 runs synchronously- with the feeding
contact 3. The period of time expiring be-70 tween the charoing of one
of the condensers 4 of the battery 4' and its discharge over the
contact 5) to a condenser 6 is dependent on the one hand on the
angular velocity of the contacts 3 and 5 and on the 75 other hand on
the magnitude of the centre angle between contacts 3 and 5 and
consequently on the relative distance of these two contacts. Both the
speed of revolution of the contacts:3 and 5 and the angle80 a can be
varied and adjusted within any desired limits. A further contact 9
coinnects the discharged condensers 4 of the battery 4' to an

4. adjustable fixed potential 9' which can be adapted to the various
re-85 quirements in each ease. The voltage at the condenser 6 is used
for controlling an electronic or magnetic amplifier 7 of a kind known
per se, whieh, for instance, effects the control of the speed of
revolu-90 tion of a motor S.
In Fig. 2 a further eonstructional example of a storer for electrie
impulses is illustrated, a transmitter 1 converting a mechanieal value
which is to be controlled 95 or regulated into a continuous current
voltage, the strenthl of whichl is proportional to the mechanical
value in question.
This voltage is amplified by way of an amplifier 22 and is thereupon
used for controlling the intensity of an electron ray 23 of a storage
tube 24.
The rotating electron ray 23 charges the cells of a storage electrode
25 in a manner known per se corresponding to its intensity controlled
by the amplifier 22. A second electron ray 26 thereupon scans the
charged eells of the storage electrode 25, its intensity being
influenced by the magnitude of the charge of the cell being at 110 the
moment swept over by it. That is to say, the intensity of the electron
ray is at each moment increased by the magnitude of the charge on the
cell element that it is scanning (i.e., of the individual cell that
115 it is scanning) at that moment, in the same manner, known pert se,
in which this is done in amplifiers used for television purposes. The
second ray 26 moves with the same velocity as the first ray 23. A
defleeting apparatus 10 controls the moving electron rays of the
storage tube 23, the rotating speed of whi-h is optionally adjustable
and can therefor be syne.bronised with the machine t,, be controlled.
The 125 period of time elapsing between the storage and the sCanhiln
is deipenldent on the velocity of the two, electron rays and on the
amount of tlheir dist;tnce from one another. The intensity
fluctuations of the 130 780,1743 second electron ray 26 are
transmitted by way of the amplifier 27 to a magnetic or electronic
amplifier 28 of a known kind, which effects the desired control, for
instance the control of the speed of revolution of a motor 29. In
place of the tworay tube a one-ray tube can be used in which a single
ray performs both storing and scanning functions in a manner known per
se.
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