The document discusses how monitoring, prediction, protection, and planning can help reduce risks from tectonic hazards like volcanoes and earthquakes. It provides examples of management strategies, defining monitoring as using equipment to detect warning signs, prediction as using historical data to forecast events, protection as earthquake-proof building design, and planning as identifying at-risk areas. The document includes exam-style questions assessing understanding of risk mitigation and suggests students could annotate sketches of mitigation measures in their notes.

2. Big Picture
Tungurahua
 DVD on monitoring and
the 3P’s
Risk management
Volcanoes
Earthquakes
Exam style questions
How Can We Manage the Risk?
LO: To know how monitoring, prediction, protection and
planning can reduce the risks from a tectonic hazard.
Management strategies
 Techniques of controlling,
responding to, or dealing with
an event.
Key Vocabulary
All key words
MUST be
highlighted or
underlined.
Page 20 - 21
a

3.  You can describe how monitoring, prediction, protection and planning
can reduce the risks from a tectonic hazard.
 You use a limited range of specialist terms
 You have a reasonable accuracy in the use of spelling, punctuation and
grammar.
 You can explain how monitoring, prediction, protection and planning can
reduce the risks from a tectonic hazard.
 You use a good range of specialist terms
 You have a considerable accuracy in spelling, punctuation and grammar.
 You can evaluate how monitoring, prediction, protection and planning
can reduce the risks from a tectonic hazard.
 You use a wide range of specialist terms where appropriate.
 Accurate use of spelling, punctuation and grammar.
L3 - Detailed
Answer
L2 - Clear
Answer
L1 - Basic
Answer
Learning Outcomes – Success Criteria
How Can We Manage the Risk?
LO: To know how monitoring, prediction, protection and planning can reduce the
risks from a tectonic hazard.

4. Page 20 - 21
Risk management – Volcanoes & Earthquakes
Create a revision resource
identifying how volcano and
earthquake risks can be
managed.
Use your sheet, the
internet and the resources
on page 20-21 to complete
this.
How Can We Manage the Risk?
LO: To know how monitoring, prediction, protection and planning can reduce the
risks from a tectonic hazard.

5. Page 20 - 21
Risk management – Volcanoes & Earthquakes
Use the next slide to
fill in the rows for
your definitions of the
4 management
strategies.
How Can We Manage the Risk?
LO: To know how monitoring, prediction, protection and planning can reduce the
risks from a tectonic hazard.

6. Monitoring
 Using scientific equipment to detect warning signs of events such
as a volcanic eruption.
Prediction
 Using historical evidence and monitoring, scientists can make
predictions about when and where a tectonic hazard may happen.
Protection
 Designing buildings that will withstand tectonic hazards.
Planning
 Identifying and avoiding places most at risk.
Key Vocabulary
How Can We Manage the Risk?
LO: To know how monitoring, prediction, protection and planning can reduce the
risks from a tectonic hazard.

7. Page 20 - 21
Risk management – Earthquakes
Use the next slide, the
following video and
pages 20-21 in the
textbook to fill in the
rows for Earthquakes.
How Can We Manage the Risk?
LO: To know how monitoring, prediction, protection and planning can reduce the
risks from a tectonic hazard.

8. How Can We Manage the Risk?
LO: To know how monitoring, prediction, protection and planning can reduce the
risks from a tectonic hazard.

9. Risk management -
Earthquakes
Page 20 - 21
Extension: Use all of
the resources to
create an annotated
sketch of an
earthquake proof
building in your
book. Earthquake proof building
How Can We Manage the Risk?
LO: To know how monitoring, prediction, protection and planning can reduce the
risks from a tectonic hazard.

10. Page 20 - 21
Risk management – Volcanoes
Use the next slide, the
following video and
pages 20-21 in the
textbook to fill in the
rows for Volcanoes.
How Can We Manage the Risk?
LO: To know how monitoring, prediction, protection and planning can reduce the
risks from a tectonic hazard.

11. How Can We Manage the Risk?
LO: To know how monitoring, prediction, protection and planning can reduce the
risks from a tectonic hazard.

12. Risk management - Volcanoes
Warning signs of a volcanic eruption
Monitoring and protection
Extension: Include
this annotated
sketch in your book

13. Exam tip
Mitigate is another word for ‘reducing the impacts’.
Using it in an exam is quicker!
The decision to mitigate against a hazard will be based on an analysis of the
risks, the costs, and the benefits.
How Can We Manage the Risk?
LO: To know how monitoring, prediction, protection and planning can reduce the
risks from a tectonic hazard.

14. Explain how buildings and other structures shown in Figure
1 might have been designed to reduce the effects of
earthquakes or volcanic eruptions. [4] 4 marks
Exam Style Question
Figure 1. Yokohama, a city in Japan.
Yokohama is close to Mount Fuji, an
active volcano. The area is also prone
to earthquakes.
How Can We Manage the Risk?
LO: To know how monitoring, prediction, protection and planning can reduce the
risks from a tectonic hazard.

15. Explain how buildings and other structures shown in Figure 1 might
have been designed to reduce the effects of earthquakes or volcanic
eruptions. [4]

16. Explain how buildings and other structures shown in
Figure 1 might have been designed to reduce the
effects of earthquakes or volcanic eruptions. [4]
Level 1 Basic (1 – 2 marks)
 There is basic description of one or two building features.
 Simple statements that are descriptive.
 Statements are general and separate in a random order.
Level 2 Clear (3– 4 marks)
 There is a clear description of specific building features and
an explanation of how they might help reduce the effects of
tectonic hazards.
Statements are developed.
 Linked statements with some explanation.
 Shows a sound understanding.
L2 - Clear
Answer
L1 - Basic
Answer
Exam Style Question 4 marks
How Can We Manage the Risk?
LO: To know how monitoring, prediction, protection and planning can reduce the
risks from a tectonic hazard.

17. How Can We Manage the Risk?
LO: To know how monitoring, prediction, protection and planning can reduce the
risks from a tectonic hazard.

18. Positive– Write down areas of the lesson you have been successful in,
name the key terms or named examples you are now confident in using. What
areas have you worked hard on improving? Named examples, geographical
terms, facts, statistics, explanations, comparison?
Error – Write down areas you are less confident with, certain case studies
or examples you may need to go over again to fully understand. Do you use
enough explanation using named examples and facts in all your answers? Do
you push yourself or are you reliant on the teacher for guidance or pressure
to progress?
Next – Where can you move yourself forward over the next lesson, week or
month. What are you going to start including which will improve your detail
and work?
Making the Grade:
How am I doing in this lesson?

19. The buildings in the picture are built on a destructive plate
boundary.
One way the buildings may have been specially adapted is___
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
This design feature will reduce the effects of an earthquake by
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
Another way the buildings may have been specially adapted is
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
This design feature will reduce the effects of an earthquake by
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
Additional features that they may have include____________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
_
The buildings in the picture are built on a destructive plate
boundary.
One way the buildings may have been specially adapted is___
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
This design feature will reduce the effects of an earthquake by
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
Another way the buildings may have been specially adapted is
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
This design feature will reduce the effects of an earthquake by
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
Additional features that they may have include____________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
_