The document discusses addition and subtraction of rational expressions. It states that fractions with the same denominator can be directly added or subtracted, while those with different denominators must first be converted to have a common denominator. The document provides an addition/subtraction rule and examples demonstrating how to perform these operations on rational expressions, including converting fractions to equivalent forms with a specified common denominator.
This is a PowerPoint on teaching the subject of Polynomials, Monomials, and Rational Expressions, dealing with how to add, subtract, multiply, and simplify all of these.
This is a PowerPoint on teaching the subject of Polynomials, Monomials, and Rational Expressions, dealing with how to add, subtract, multiply, and simplify all of these.
Rational expressions and rational equationsarvin efriani
rational expressions and rational functions, addition, substraction, multipications and division of rational expression, rational equations, application of rational equation and properties
* Evaluate square roots.
* Use the product rule to simplify square roots.
* Use the quotient rule to simplify square roots.
* Add and subtract square roots.
* Rationalize denominators.
* Use rational roots.
Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology:
Ethnobotany in herbal drug evaluation,
Impact of Ethnobotany in traditional medicine,
New development in herbals,
Bio-prospecting tools for drug discovery,
Role of Ethnopharmacology in drug evaluation,
Reverse Pharmacology.
Students, digital devices and success - Andreas Schleicher - 27 May 2024..pptxEduSkills OECD
Andreas Schleicher presents at the OECD webinar ‘Digital devices in schools: detrimental distraction or secret to success?’ on 27 May 2024. The presentation was based on findings from PISA 2022 results and the webinar helped launch the PISA in Focus ‘Managing screen time: How to protect and equip students against distraction’ https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/education/managing-screen-time_7c225af4-en and the OECD Education Policy Perspective ‘Students, digital devices and success’ can be found here - https://oe.cd/il/5yV
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
We all have good and bad thoughts from time to time and situation to situation. We are bombarded daily with spiraling thoughts(both negative and positive) creating all-consuming feel , making us difficult to manage with associated suffering. Good thoughts are like our Mob Signal (Positive thought) amidst noise(negative thought) in the atmosphere. Negative thoughts like noise outweigh positive thoughts. These thoughts often create unwanted confusion, trouble, stress and frustration in our mind as well as chaos in our physical world. Negative thoughts are also known as “distorted thinking”.
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
2. Addition and Subtraction of Rational Expressions
Only fractions with the same denominator may be added or
subtracted directly.
Example A. Add and subtract and simplify the answer.
a. 5 7
8 8
+ =
b. 3x
2x – 3
– 6 – x
2x – 3
=
3. Addition and Subtraction of Rational Expressions
Addition and Subtraction Rule
(for rational expressions with the same denominator)
Only fractions with the same denominator may be added or
subtracted directly.
A B
D D
± =
A±B
D
Example A. Add and subtract and simplify the answer.
a. 5 7
8 8
+ =
b. 3x
2x – 3
– 6 – x
2x – 3
=
4. Addition and Subtraction of Rational Expressions
Addition and Subtraction Rule
(for rational expressions with the same denominator)
Only fractions with the same denominator may be added or
subtracted directly.
A B
D D
± =
A±B
D
Example A. Add and subtract and simplify the answer.
a. 5 7
8 8
+ =
5 + 7
8
=
b. 3x
2x – 3
– 6 – x
2x – 3
=
5. Addition and Subtraction of Rational Expressions
Addition and Subtraction Rule
(for rational expressions with the same denominator)
Only fractions with the same denominator may be added or
subtracted directly.
A B
D D
± =
A±B
D
Example A. Add and subtract and simplify the answer.
a. 5 7
8 8
+ =
5 + 7
8
=
12
8
b. 3x
2x – 3
– 6 – x
2x – 3
=
6. Addition and Subtraction of Rational Expressions
Addition and Subtraction Rule
(for rational expressions with the same denominator)
Only fractions with the same denominator may be added or
subtracted directly.
A B
D D
± =
A±B
D
Example A. Add and subtract and simplify the answer.
a. 5 7
8 8
+ =
5 + 7
8
=
12
8
b. 3x
2x – 3
– 6 – x
2x – 3
=
Write the result in the factored form, cancel the common
factor and give the simplified answer.
7. Addition and Subtraction of Rational Expressions
Addition and Subtraction Rule
(for rational expressions with the same denominator)
Only fractions with the same denominator may be added or
subtracted directly.
A B
D D
± =
A±B
D
Example A. Add and subtract and simplify the answer.
a. 5 7
8 8
+ =
5 + 7
8
=
12
8
=
3
2
3
2
b. 3x
2x – 3
– 6 – x
2x – 3
=
Write the result in the factored form, cancel the common
factor and give the simplified answer.
8. Addition and Subtraction of Rational Expressions
Addition and Subtraction Rule
(for rational expressions with the same denominator)
Only fractions with the same denominator may be added or
subtracted directly.
A B
D D
± =
A±B
D
Write the result in the factored form, cancel the common
factor and give the simplified answer.
Example A. Add and subtract and simplify the answer.
a. 5 7
8 8
+ =
5 + 7
8
=
12
8
=
3
2
3
2
b. 3x
2x – 3
– 6 – x
2x – 3
= 3x – (6 – x)
2x – 3
9. Addition and Subtraction of Rational Expressions
Addition and Subtraction Rule
(for rational expressions with the same denominator)
Only fractions with the same denominator may be added or
subtracted directly.
A B
D D
± =
A±B
D
Write the result in the factored form, cancel the common
factor and give the simplified answer.
Example A. Add and subtract and simplify the answer.
a. 5 7
8 8
+ =
5 + 7
8
=
12
8
=
3
2
3
2
b. 3x
2x – 3
– 6 – x
2x – 3
= 3x – (6 – x)
2x – 3
= 3x – 6 + x
2x – 3
10. Addition and Subtraction of Rational Expressions
Addition and Subtraction Rule
(for rational expressions with the same denominator)
Only fractions with the same denominator may be added or
subtracted directly.
A B
D D
± =
A±B
D
Write the result in the factored form, cancel the common
factor and give the simplified answer.
Example A. Add and subtract and simplify the answer.
a. 5 7
8 8
+ =
5 + 7
8
=
12
8
=
3
2
3
2
b. 3x
2x – 3
– 6 – x
2x – 3
= 3x – (6 – x)
2x – 3
= 3x – 6 + x
2x – 3
=
4x – 6
2x – 3
11. Addition and Subtraction of Rational Expressions
Addition and Subtraction Rule
(for rational expressions with the same denominator)
Only fractions with the same denominator may be added or
subtracted directly.
A B
D D
± =
A±B
D
Write the result in the factored form, cancel the common
factor and give the simplified answer.
Example A. Add and subtract and simplify the answer.
a. 5 7
8 8
+ =
5 + 7
8
=
12
8
=
3
2
3
2
b. 3x
2x – 3
– 6 – x
2x – 3
= 3x – (6 – x)
2x – 3
= 3x – 6 + x
2x – 3
=
4x – 6
2x – 3
=
2(2x – 3)
2x – 3
12. Addition and Subtraction of Rational Expressions
Addition and Subtraction Rule
(for rational expressions with the same denominator)
Only fractions with the same denominator may be added or
subtracted directly.
A B
D D
± =
A±B
D
Write the result in the factored form, cancel the common
factor and give the simplified answer.
Example A. Add and subtract and simplify the answer.
a. 5 7
8 8
+ =
5 + 7
8
=
12
8
=
3
2
3
2
b. 3x
2x – 3
– 6 – x
2x – 3
= 3x – (6 – x)
2x – 3
= 3x – 6 + x
2x – 3
=
4x – 6
2x – 3
=
2(2x – 3)
2x – 3
= 2
13. To add or subtract rational expressions with different
denominators, they have to be converted to expressions with
a common denominator.
Addition and Subtraction of Rational Expressions
14. To add or subtract rational expressions with different
denominators, they have to be converted to expressions with
a common denominator. The easiest common denominator to
work with is their LCM.
Addition and Subtraction of Rational Expressions
15. To add or subtract rational expressions with different
denominators, they have to be converted to expressions with
a common denominator. The easiest common denominator to
work with is their LCM.
Addition and Subtraction of Rational Expressions
Multiplier Method
Given the fraction , to convert it into denominator D as ,
the new numerator N =
A
B
A
B * D.
N
D
16. To add or subtract rational expressions with different
denominators, they have to be converted to expressions with
a common denominator. The easiest common denominator to
work with is their LCM.
Addition and Subtraction of Rational Expressions
Multiplier Method
Given the fraction , to convert it into denominator D as ,
the new numerator N =
A
B
A
B * D.
In practice, we write that
A
B
=> A
B
* D D.
new numerator N
N
D
17. To add or subtract rational expressions with different
denominators, they have to be converted to expressions with
a common denominator. The easiest common denominator to
work with is their LCM.
Addition and Subtraction of Rational Expressions
Example B.
a. Convert to a fraction with denominator 12.5
4
Multiplier Method
Given the fraction , to convert it into denominator D as ,
the new numerator N =
A
B
A
B * D.
In practice, we write that
A
B
=> A
B
* D D.
new numerator N
N
D
18. To add or subtract rational expressions with different
denominators, they have to be converted to expressions with
a common denominator. The easiest common denominator to
work with is their LCM.
Addition and Subtraction of Rational Expressions
Example B.
a. Convert to a fraction with denominator 12.5
4
5
4
=
Multiplier Method
Given the fraction , to convert it into denominator D as ,
the new numerator N =
A
B
A
B * D.
In practice, we write that
A
B
=> A
B
* D D.
new numerator N
N
D
19. To add or subtract rational expressions with different
denominators, they have to be converted to expressions with
a common denominator. The easiest common denominator to
work with is their LCM.
Addition and Subtraction of Rational Expressions
Example B.
a. Convert to a fraction with denominator 12.5
4
5
4
* 12
5
4
= 12
the new numerator
Multiplier Method
Given the fraction , to convert it into denominator D as ,
the new numerator N =
A
B
A
B * D.
In practice, we write that
A
B
=> A
B
* D D.
new numerator N
N
D
20. To add or subtract rational expressions with different
denominators, they have to be converted to expressions with
a common denominator. The easiest common denominator to
work with is their LCM.
Addition and Subtraction of Rational Expressions
Example B.
a. Convert to a fraction with denominator 12.5
4
5
4
* 12
35
4
= 12
the new numerator
Multiplier Method
Given the fraction , to convert it into denominator D as ,
the new numerator N =
A
B
A
B * D.
In practice, we write that
A
B
=> A
B
* D D.
new numerator N
N
D
21. To add or subtract rational expressions with different
denominators, they have to be converted to expressions with
a common denominator. The easiest common denominator to
work with is their LCM.
Addition and Subtraction of Rational Expressions
Multiplier Method
Given the fraction , to convert it into denominator D as ,
the new numerator N =
Example B.
a. Convert to a fraction with denominator 12.
A
B
A
B * D.
5
4
5
4
* 12
3 15
12
In practice, we write that
A
B
=> A
B
* D D.
5
4
= 12 =
new numerator N
the new numerator
with the new denominator 12.
N
D
22. b. Convert into an expression with denominator 12xy2.
Addition and Subtraction of Rational Expressions
3x
4y
23. Addition and Subtraction of Rational Expressions
3x
4y
3x
4y
b. Convert into an expression with denominator 12xy2.
24. Addition and Subtraction of Rational Expressions
3x
4y
*12xy23x
4y
=
3x
4y
12xy2
the new numerator
b. Convert into an expression with denominator 12xy2.
25. Addition and Subtraction of Rational Expressions
3x
4y
*12xy23x
4y
=
3x
4y
12xy2
3xy
b. Convert into an expression with denominator 12xy2.
26. Addition and Subtraction of Rational Expressions
3x
4y
*12xy23x
4y
=
3x
4y
12xy2 =
9x2y
12xy2
3xy
b. Convert into an expression with denominator 12xy2.
27. Addition and Subtraction of Rational Expressions
3x
4y
*12xy2
x + 1
2x + 3
3x
4y
=
3x
4y
12xy2 =
9x2y
12xy2
3xy
b. Convert into an expression with denominator 12xy2.
c. Convert into an expression denominator 4x2 – 9.
28. Addition and Subtraction of Rational Expressions
3x
4y
*12xy2
x + 1
2x + 3
x + 1
2x + 3
3x
4y
=
3x
4y
12xy2 =
9x2y
12xy2
3xy
=
x + 1
2x + 3
* (4x2 – 9) (4x2 – 9)
new numerator
b. Convert into an expression with denominator 12xy2.
c. Convert into an expression denominator 4x2 – 9.
29. Addition and Subtraction of Rational Expressions
3x
4y
*12xy2
x + 1
2x + 3
x + 1
2x + 3
3x
4y
=
3x
4y
12xy2 =
9x2y
12xy2
3xy
=
x + 1
2x + 3
* (4x2 – 9) (4x2 – 9)
=
x + 1
2x + 3
* (2x + 3)(2x – 3) (4x2 – 9)
b. Convert into an expression with denominator 12xy2.
c. Convert into an expression denominator 4x2 – 9.
30. Addition and Subtraction of Rational Expressions
3x
4y
*12xy2
x + 1
2x + 3
x + 1
2x + 3
3x
4y
=
3x
4y
12xy2 =
9x2y
12xy2
3xy
=
x + 1
2x + 3
* (4x2 – 9) (4x2 – 9)
=
x + 1
2x + 3
* (2x + 3)(2x – 3) (4x2 – 9)
b. Convert into an expression with denominator 12xy2.
c. Convert into an expression denominator 4x2 – 9.
31. Addition and Subtraction of Rational Expressions
3x
4y
*12xy2
x + 1
2x + 3
x + 1
2x + 3
3x
4y
=
3x
4y
12xy2 =
9x2y
12xy2
3xy
=
x + 1
2x + 3
* (4x2 – 9) (4x2 – 9)
=
x + 1
2x + 3
* (2x + 3)(2x – 3) (4x2 – 9)
= (x + 1)(2x – 3) (4x2 – 9)
b. Convert into an expression with denominator 12xy2.
c. Convert into an expression denominator 4x2 – 9.
32. Addition and Subtraction of Rational Expressions
3x
4y
*12xy2
c. Convert into an expression denominator 4x2 – 9.
x + 1
2x + 3
x + 1
2x + 3
3x
4y
=
3x
4y
12xy2 =
9x2y
12xy2
3xy
=
x + 1
2x + 3
* (4x2 – 9) (4x2 – 9)
=
x + 1
2x + 3
* (2x + 3)(2x – 3) (4x2 – 9)
= (x + 1)(2x – 3) (4x2 – 9)
=
2x2 – x – 3
4x2 – 9
b. Convert into an expression with denominator 12xy2.
33. Addition and Subtraction of Rational Expressions
We give two methods of combining rational expressions below.
34. Addition and Subtraction of Rational Expressions
We give two methods of combining rational expressions below.
The first one is an extension of the above Multiplier Method,
the lengthier traditional method is given later.
35. Addition and Subtraction of Rational Expressions
Example C. Calculate 7
12
+
5
8
–
4
9
The Multiplier Method (Adding/Subtracting Fractions)
We give two methods of combining rational expressions below.
The first one is an extension of the above Multiplier Method,
the lengthier traditional method is given later.
36. Addition and Subtraction of Rational Expressions
Example C. Calculate 7
12
+
5
8
–
4
9
The Multiplier Method (Adding/Subtracting Fractions)
The Multiplier Method finds the answer by converting the
entire problem to a new denominator, the LCD of all the terms.
(i.e. * LCD/LCD to the problem.)
We give two methods of combining rational expressions below.
The first one is an extension of the above Multiplier Method,
the lengthier traditional method is given later.
37. Addition and Subtraction of Rational Expressions
Example C. Calculate 7
12
+
5
8
–
4
9
The LCD is 72.
The Multiplier Method (Adding/Subtracting Fractions)
The Multiplier Method finds the answer by converting the
entire problem to a new denominator, the LCD of all the terms.
(i.e. * LCD/LCD to the problem.)
We give two methods of combining rational expressions below.
The first one is an extension of the above Multiplier Method,
the lengthier traditional method is given later.
38. Addition and Subtraction of Rational Expressions
Example C. Calculate 7
12
+
5
8
–
4
9
The LCD is 72. Multiply the problem by the LCD,
then put the result over the new LCD denominator.
(i.e. * LCD/LCD.)
7
12
+
5
8
–
4
9
( )
The Multiplier Method (Adding/Subtracting Fractions)
The Multiplier Method finds the answer by converting the
entire problem to a new denominator, the LCD of all the terms.
(i.e. * LCD/LCD to the problem.)
We give two methods of combining rational expressions below.
The first one is an extension of the above Multiplier Method,
the lengthier traditional method is given later.
39. Addition and Subtraction of Rational Expressions
Example C. Calculate 7
12
+
5
8
–
4
9
The LCD is 72. Multiply the problem by the LCD,
then put the result over the new LCD denominator.
(i.e. * LCD/LCD.)
7
12
+
5
8
–
4
9
( )* 72 72
The Multiplier Method (Adding/Subtracting Fractions)
The Multiplier Method finds the answer by converting the
entire problem to a new denominator, the LCD of all the terms.
(i.e. * LCD/LCD to the problem.)
We give two methods of combining rational expressions below.
The first one is an extension of the above Multiplier Method,
the lengthier traditional method is given later.
40. Addition and Subtraction of Rational Expressions
Example C. Calculate
6
7
12
+
5
8
–
4
9
The LCD is 72. Multiply the problem by the LCD,
then put the result over the new LCD denominator.
(i.e. * LCD/LCD.)
7
12
+
5
8
–
4
9
( )* 72 72 Distribute the multiplication
The Multiplier Method (Adding/Subtracting Fractions)
The Multiplier Method finds the answer by converting the
entire problem to a new denominator, the LCD of all the terms.
(i.e. * LCD/LCD to the problem.)
We give two methods of combining rational expressions below.
The first one is an extension of the above Multiplier Method,
the lengthier traditional method is given later.
41. Addition and Subtraction of Rational Expressions
Example C. Calculate
6 9 8
7
12
+
5
8
–
4
9
The LCD is 72. Multiply the problem by the LCD,
then put the result over the new LCD denominator.
(i.e. * LCD/LCD.)
7
12
+
5
8
–
4
9
( )* 72 72 Distribute the multiplication
The Multiplier Method (Adding/Subtracting Fractions)
The Multiplier Method finds the answer by converting the
entire problem to a new denominator, the LCD of all the terms.
(i.e. * LCD/LCD to the problem.)
We give two methods of combining rational expressions below.
The first one is an extension of the above Multiplier Method,
the lengthier traditional method is given later.
42. Addition and Subtraction of Rational Expressions
Example C. Calculate
6 9 8
7
12
+
5
8
–
4
9
The LCD is 72. Multiply the problem by the LCD,
then put the result over the new LCD denominator.
(i.e. * LCD/LCD.)
7
12
+
5
8
–
4
9
( )* 72 72 Distribute the multiplication
= (42 + 45 – 32) 72
The Multiplier Method (Adding/Subtracting Fractions)
The Multiplier Method finds the answer by converting the
entire problem to a new denominator, the LCD of all the terms.
(i.e. * LCD/LCD to the problem.)
We give two methods of combining rational expressions below.
The first one is an extension of the above Multiplier Method,
the lengthier traditional method is given later.
43. Addition and Subtraction of Rational Expressions
Example C. Calculate
6 9 8
7
12
+
5
8
–
4
9
The LCD is 72. Multiply the problem by the LCD,
then put the result over the new LCD denominator.
(i.e. * LCD/LCD.)
7
12
+
5
8
–
4
9
( )* 72 72 Distribute the multiplication
= (42 + 45 – 32) 72
55
=
The Multiplier Method (Adding/Subtracting Fractions)
The Multiplier Method finds the answer by converting the
entire problem to a new denominator, the LCD of all the terms.
(i.e. * LCD/LCD to the problem.)
We give two methods of combining rational expressions below.
The first one is an extension of the above Multiplier Method,
the lengthier traditional method is given later.
72
44. Addition and Subtraction of Rational Expressions
Example D. Combine 3
4xy2
– 5x
6y
Example E. Combine 5
x– 2
– 3
x + 4
45. Addition and Subtraction of Rational Expressions
Example D. Combine 3
4xy2
– 5x
6y
The LCD is 12 xy2.
Example E. Combine 5
x– 2
– 3
x + 4
46. Addition and Subtraction of Rational Expressions
Example D. Combine 3
4xy2
– 5x
6y
The LCD is 12 xy2.
Multiply then divide the problem by the LCD.
3
4xy2
– 5x
6y
( ) * 12xy2 / (12xy2)
Example E. Combine 5
x– 2
– 3
x + 4
47. Addition and Subtraction of Rational Expressions
Example D. Combine 3
4xy2
– 5x
6y
The LCD is 12 xy2.
Multiply then divide the problem by the LCD.
3
4xy2
– 5x
6y
( ) * 12xy2 / (12xy2) Distribute
3
Example E. Combine 5
x– 2
– 3
x + 4
48. Addition and Subtraction of Rational Expressions
Example D. Combine 3
4xy2
– 5x
6y
The LCD is 12 xy2.
Multiply then divide the problem by the LCD.
3
4xy2
– 5x
6y
( ) * 12xy2 / (12xy2) Distribute
3 2xy
Example E. Combine 5
x– 2
– 3
x + 4
49. Addition and Subtraction of Rational Expressions
Example D. Combine 3
4xy2
– 5x
6y
The LCD is 12 xy2.
Multiply then divide the problem by the LCD.
3
4xy2
– 5x
6y
( ) * 12xy2 / (12xy2) Distribute
3 2xy
9 – 10x2y
12xy2=
Example E. Combine 5
x– 2
– 3
x + 4
50. Addition and Subtraction of Rational Expressions
Example D. Combine 3
4xy2
– 5x
6y
The LCD is 12 xy2.
Multiply then divide the problem by the LCD.
3
4xy2
– 5x
6y
( ) * 12xy2 / (12xy2) Distribute
3 2xy
9 – 10x2y
12xy2=
Example E. Combine 5
x– 2
– 3
x + 4
The LCD is (x – 2)(x + 4), multiplying the problem by LCD/LCD:
51. Addition and Subtraction of Rational Expressions
Example D. Combine 3
4xy2
– 5x
6y
The LCD is 12 xy2.
Multiply then divide the problem by the LCD.
3
4xy2
– 5x
6y
( ) * 12xy2 / (12xy2) Distribute
3 2xy
9 – 10x2y
12xy2=
Example E. Combine 5
x– 2
– 3
x + 4
The LCD is (x – 2)(x + 4), multiplying the problem by LCD/LCD:
5
x– 2
– 3
x + 4
( ) (x – 2)(x + 4) / (x – 2)(x + 4)
52. Addition and Subtraction of Rational Expressions
Example D. Combine 3
4xy2
– 5x
6y
The LCD is 12 xy2.
Multiply then divide the problem by the LCD.
3
4xy2
– 5x
6y
( ) * 12xy2 / (12xy2) Distribute
3 2xy
9 – 10x2y
12xy2=
Example E. Combine 5
x– 2
– 3
x + 4
The LCD is (x – 2)(x + 4), multiplying the problem by LCD/LCD:
5
x– 2
– 3
x + 4
( ) (x – 2)(x + 4) / (x – 2)(x + 4)
(x + 4) (x – 2)
53. Addition and Subtraction of Rational Expressions
Example D. Combine 3
4xy2
– 5x
6y
The LCD is 12 xy2.
Multiply then divide the problem by the LCD.
3
4xy2
– 5x
6y
( ) * 12xy2 / (12xy2) Distribute
3 2xy
9 – 10x2y
12xy2=
Example E. Combine 5
x– 2
– 3
x + 4
The LCD is (x – 2)(x + 4), multiplying the problem by LCD/LCD:
= [5(x + 4) – 3(x – 2)] / (x – 2)(x + 4)
5
x– 2
– 3
x + 4
( ) (x – 2)(x + 4) / (x – 2)(x + 4)
(x + 4) (x – 2)
54. Addition and Subtraction of Rational Expressions
Example D. Combine 3
4xy2
– 5x
6y
The LCD is 12 xy2.
Multiply then divide the problem by the LCD.
3
4xy2
– 5x
6y
( ) * 12xy2 / (12xy2) Distribute
3 2xy
9 – 10x2y
12xy2=
Example E. Combine 5
x– 2
– 3
x + 4
The LCD is (x – 2)(x + 4), multiplying the problem by LCD/LCD:
= [5(x + 4) – 3(x – 2)] / (x – 2)(x + 4)
5
x– 2
– 3
x + 4
( ) (x – 2)(x + 4) / (x – 2)(x + 4)
(x + 4) (x – 2)
2x + 26
(x – 2)(x + 4)
= 2(x + 13)
(x – 2)(x + 4)
or
56. Addition and Subtraction of Rational Expressions
Example F. Combine x
x2 – 2x
– x – 1
x2 – 4
Factor each denominator to find the LCD.
57. Addition and Subtraction of Rational Expressions
Example F. Combine x
x2 – 2x
– x – 1
x2 – 4
Factor each denominator to find the LCD.
x2 – 2x = x(x – 2)
58. Addition and Subtraction of Rational Expressions
Example F. Combine x
x2 – 2x
– x – 1
x2 – 4
Factor each denominator to find the LCD.
x2 – 2x = x(x – 2)
x2 – 4 = (x – 2)(x + 2)
59. Addition and Subtraction of Rational Expressions
Example F. Combine x
x2 – 2x
– x – 1
x2 – 4
Factor each denominator to find the LCD.
x2 – 2x = x(x – 2)
x2 – 4 = (x – 2)(x + 2)
Hence the LCD = x(x – 2)(x + 2).
60. Addition and Subtraction of Rational Expressions
Example F. Combine x
x2 – 2x
– x – 1
x2 – 4
Factor each denominator to find the LCD.
x2 – 2x = x(x – 2)
x2 – 4 = (x – 2)(x + 2)
Hence the LCD = x(x – 2)(x + 2).
* x( x – 2)(x + 2)x
x(x – 2)
– (x – 1)
(x – 2)(x + 2)
[ ] LCD=
x
x2 – 2x
– x – 1
x2 – 4
61. Addition and Subtraction of Rational Expressions
Example F. Combine x
x2 – 2x
– x – 1
x2 – 4
Factor each denominator to find the LCD.
x2 – 2x = x(x – 2)
x2 – 4 = (x – 2)(x + 2)
Hence the LCD = x(x – 2)(x + 2).
* x( x – 2)(x + 2)
(x + 2) x
x
x(x – 2)
– (x – 1)
(x – 2)(x + 2)
[ ] LCD=
x
x2 – 2x
– x – 1
x2 – 4
62. Addition and Subtraction of Rational Expressions
Example F. Combine x
x2 – 2x
– x – 1
x2 – 4
Factor each denominator to find the LCD.
x2 – 2x = x(x – 2)
x2 – 4 = (x – 2)(x + 2)
Hence the LCD = x(x – 2)(x + 2).
* x( x – 2)(x + 2)
(x + 2) x
x
x(x – 2)
– (x – 1)
(x – 2)(x + 2)
[ ] LCD=
x
x2 – 2x
– x – 1
x2 – 4
= [x(x + 2) – x(x – 1)] LCD
63. Addition and Subtraction of Rational Expressions
Example F. Combine x
x2 – 2x
– x – 1
x2 – 4
Factor each denominator to find the LCD.
x2 – 2x = x(x – 2)
x2 – 4 = (x – 2)(x + 2)
Hence the LCD = x(x – 2)(x + 2).
* x( x – 2)(x + 2)
(x + 2) x
x
x(x – 2)
– (x – 1)
(x – 2)(x + 2)
[ ] LCD=
x
x2 – 2x
– x – 1
x2 – 4
= [x(x + 2) – x(x – 1)] LCD
= [x2 + 2x – x2 + x)] LCD
=
3x
x (x – 2)(x + 2)
64. Addition and Subtraction of Rational Expressions
Example F. Combine x
x2 – 2x
– x – 1
x2 – 4
Factor each denominator to find the LCD.
x2 – 2x = x(x – 2)
x2 – 4 = (x – 2)(x + 2)
Hence the LCD = x(x – 2)(x + 2).
* x( x – 2)(x + 2)
(x + 2) x
x
x(x – 2)
– (x – 1)
(x – 2)(x + 2)
[ ] LCD=
x
x2 – 2x
– x – 1
x2 – 4
= [x(x + 2) – x(x – 1)] LCD
= [x2 + 2x – x2 + x)] LCD
=
3x
x (x – 2)(x + 2)
=
3
(x – 2)(x + 2)
65. Addition and Subtraction of Rational Expressions
Traditionally, we add/subtract fractions by converting each
fraction separately. (The multiplier–method keeps all the
calculation in one place and shortens the process.)
66. Example G. Combine
Addition and Subtraction of Rational Expressions
Traditional Method (Optional)
2
3xy
–
x
2y2
Traditionally, we add/subtract fractions by converting each
fraction separately. (The multiplier–method keeps all the
calculation in one place and shortens the process.)
67. Example G. Combine
The LCM of the denominators {3xy, 2y2} is 6xy2.
Addition and Subtraction of Rational Expressions
Traditional Method (Optional)
(Combining fractions with different denominators)
I. Find the LCD of the expressions.
2
3xy
–
x
2y2
Traditionally, we add/subtract fractions by converting each
fraction separately. (The multiplier–method keeps all the
calculation in one place and shortens the process.)
68. Example G. Combine
The LCM of the denominators {3xy, 2y2} is 6xy2.
Addition and Subtraction of Rational Expressions
Traditional Method (Optional)
(Combining fractions with different denominators)
I. Find the LCD of the expressions.
II. Convert each expression into the LCD.
2
3xy
–
x
2y2
Traditionally, we add/subtract fractions by converting each
fraction separately. (The multiplier–method keeps all the
calculation in one place and shortens the process.)
69. Example G. Combine
The LCM of the denominators {3xy, 2y2} is 6xy2.
Convert
Addition and Subtraction of Rational Expressions
Traditional Method (Optional)
(Combining fractions with different denominators)
I. Find the LCD of the expressions.
II. Convert each expression into the LCD.
2
3xy
–
x
2y2
2
3xy = 6xy2
x
2y2 =
3x2
6xy2
4y
Traditionally, we add/subtract fractions by converting each
fraction separately. (The multiplier–method keeps all the
calculation in one place and shortens the process.)
70. Example G. Combine
The LCM of the denominators {3xy, 2y2} is 6xy2.
Convert
Addition and Subtraction of Rational Expressions
Traditional Method (Optional)
(Combining fractions with different denominators)
I. Find the LCD of the expressions.
II. Convert each expression into the LCD.
III. Add or subtract the new numerators.
IV. Simplify the result.
2
3xy
–
x
2y2
2
3xy = 6xy2
x
2y2 =
3x2
6xy2
4y
Traditionally, we add/subtract fractions by converting each
fraction separately. (The multiplier–method keeps all the
calculation in one place and shortens the process.)
71. Example G. Combine
The LCM of the denominators {3xy, 2y2} is 6xy2.
Convert
Addition and Subtraction of Rational Expressions
Traditional Method (Optional)
(Combining fractions with different denominators)
I. Find the LCD of the expressions.
II. Convert each expression into the LCD.
III. Add or subtract the new numerators.
IV. Simplify the result.
2
3xy
–
x
2y2
2
3xy = 6xy2
x
2y2 =
3x2
6xy2
2
3xy
–
x
2y2 =
4y
6xy2 –
3x2
6xy2 =Hence
4y – 3x2
6xy2
4y
Traditionally, we add/subtract fractions by converting each
fraction separately. (The multiplier–method keeps all the
calculation in one place and shortens the process.)
72. Example G. Combine
The LCM of the denominators {3xy, 2y2} is 6xy2.
Convert
Addition and Subtraction of Rational Expressions
Traditional Method (Optional)
(Combining fractions with different denominators)
I. Find the LCD of the expressions.
II. Convert each expression into the LCD.
III. Add or subtract the new numerators.
IV. Simplify the result.
2
3xy
–
x
2y2
2
3xy = 6xy2
x
2y2 =
3x2
6xy2
2
3xy
–
x
2y2 =
4y
6xy2 –
3x2
6xy2 =Hence
4y – 3x2
6xy2
This is simplified because the numerator is not factorable.
4y
Traditionally, we add/subtract fractions by converting each
fraction separately. (The multiplier–method keeps all the
calculation in one place and shortens the process.)
74. Addition and Subtraction of Rational Expressions
x
4x – 2
–
x – 1
2x2 + x – 1
Factor each denominator to find the LCD.
4x – 2 =
2x2 + x – 2 =
Example H. Combine
75. Addition and Subtraction of Rational Expressions
x
4x – 2
–
x – 1
2x2 + x – 1
Factor each denominator to find the LCD.
4x – 2 = 2(2x – 1),
2x2 + x – 2 =
Example H. Combine
76. Addition and Subtraction of Rational Expressions
x
4x – 2
–
x – 1
2x2 + x – 1
Factor each denominator to find the LCD.
4x – 2 = 2(2x – 1),
2x2 + x – 2 = (2x – 1)(x + 1)
Example H. Combine
77. Addition and Subtraction of Rational Expressions
x
4x – 2
–
x – 1
2x2 + x – 1
Factor each denominator to find the LCD.
4x – 2 = 2(2x – 1),
2x2 + x – 2 = (2x – 1)(x + 1)
Hence the LCD = 2(2x – 1)(x + 1)
Example H. Combine
78. Addition and Subtraction of Rational Expressions
x
4x – 2
–
x – 1
2x2 + x – 1
Factor each denominator to find the LCD.
4x – 2 = 2(2x – 1),
2x2 + x – 2 = (2x – 1)(x + 1)
Hence the LCD = 2(2x – 1)(x + 1)
Next, convert each fraction into the LCD
Example H. Combine
79. Addition and Subtraction of Rational Expressions
x
4x – 2
–
x – 1
2x2 + x – 1
Factor each denominator to find the LCD.
4x – 2 = 2(2x – 1),
2x2 + x – 2 = (2x – 1)(x + 1)
Hence the LCD = 2(2x – 1)(x + 1)
Next, convert each fraction into the LCD
x
4x – 2 = x
2(2x – 1)
Example H. Combine
80. Addition and Subtraction of Rational Expressions
x
4x – 2
–
x – 1
2x2 + x – 1
Factor each denominator to find the LCD.
4x – 2 = 2(2x – 1),
2x2 + x – 2 = (2x – 1)(x + 1)
Hence the LCD = 2(2x – 1)(x + 1)
Next, convert each fraction into the LCD
x
4x – 2 = x
2(2x – 1) * 2(2x – 1)(x + 1) LCD
Example H. Combine
81. Addition and Subtraction of Rational Expressions
x
4x – 2
–
x – 1
2x2 + x – 1
Factor each denominator to find the LCD.
4x – 2 = 2(2x – 1),
2x2 + x – 2 = (2x – 1)(x + 1)
Hence the LCD = 2(2x – 1)(x + 1)
Next, convert each fraction into the LCD
x
4x – 2 = x
2(2x – 1) * 2(2x – 1)(x + 1) LCD
Example H. Combine
82. Addition and Subtraction of Rational Expressions
x
4x – 2
–
x – 1
2x2 + x – 1
Factor each denominator to find the LCD.
4x – 2 = 2(2x – 1),
2x2 + x – 2 = (2x – 1)(x + 1)
Hence the LCD = 2(2x – 1)(x + 1)
Next, convert each fraction into the LCD
x
4x – 2 = x
2(2x – 1) * 2(2x – 1)(x + 1) LCD
= x(x + 1) LCD
Example H. Combine
83. Addition and Subtraction of Rational Expressions
x
4x – 2
–
x – 1
2x2 + x – 1
Factor each denominator to find the LCD.
4x – 2 = 2(2x – 1),
2x2 + x – 2 = (2x – 1)(x + 1)
Hence the LCD = 2(2x – 1)(x + 1)
Next, convert each fraction into the LCD
x
4x – 2 = x
2(2x – 1) * 2(2x – 1)(x + 1) LCD
= x(x + 1) =
x2 + x
LCD
LCD
Example H. Combine
84. Example D. Combine
Addition and Subtraction of Rational Expressions
x
4x – 2
–
x – 1
2x2 + x – 1
Factor each denominator to find the LCD.
4x – 2 = 2(2x – 1),
2x2 + x – 2 = (2x – 1)(x + 1)
Hence the LCD = 2(2x – 1)(x + 1)
Next, convert each fraction into the LCD
x
4x – 2 = x
2(2x – 1) * 2(2x – 1)(x + 1) LCD
= x(x + 1) =
x2 + x
LCD
LCD
x – 1
2x2 + x – 1
=
x – 1
(2x – 1)(x + 1)
Example H. Combine
85. Addition and Subtraction of Rational Expressions
x
4x – 2
–
x – 1
2x2 + x – 1
Factor each denominator to find the LCD.
4x – 2 = 2(2x – 1),
2x2 + x – 2 = (2x – 1)(x + 1)
Hence the LCD = 2(2x – 1)(x + 1)
Next, convert each fraction into the LCD
x
4x – 2 = x
2(2x – 1) * 2(2x – 1)(x + 1) LCD
= x(x + 1) =
x2 + x
LCD
LCD
x – 1
2x2 + x – 1
=
x – 1
(2x – 1)(x + 1)
* 2(2x – 1)(x + 1) LCD
Example H. Combine
86. Addition and Subtraction of Rational Expressions
x
4x – 2
–
x – 1
2x2 + x – 1
Factor each denominator to find the LCD.
4x – 2 = 2(2x – 1),
2x2 + x – 2 = (2x – 1)(x + 1)
Hence the LCD = 2(2x – 1)(x + 1)
Next, convert each fraction into the LCD
x
4x – 2 = x
2(2x – 1) * 2(2x – 1)(x + 1) LCD
= x(x + 1) =
x2 + x
LCD
LCD
x – 1
2x2 + x – 1
=
x – 1
(2x – 1)(x + 1)
* 2(2x – 1)(x + 1) LCD
Example H. Combine
87. Addition and Subtraction of Rational Expressions
x
4x – 2
–
x – 1
2x2 + x – 1
Factor each denominator to find the LCD.
4x – 2 = 2(2x – 1),
2x2 + x – 2 = (2x – 1)(x + 1)
Hence the LCD = 2(2x – 1)(x + 1)
Next, convert each fraction into the LCD
x
4x – 2 = x
2(2x – 1) * 2(2x – 1)(x + 1) LCD
= x(x + 1) =
x2 + x
LCD
LCD
x – 1
2x2 + x – 1
=
x – 1
(2x – 1)(x + 1)
* 2(2x – 1)(x + 1) LCD
= 2(x – 1) LCD
Example H. Combine
88. Addition and Subtraction of Rational Expressions
x
4x – 2
–
x – 1
2x2 + x – 1
Factor each denominator to find the LCD.
4x – 2 = 2(2x – 1),
2x2 + x – 2 = (2x – 1)(x + 1)
Hence the LCD = 2(2x – 1)(x + 1)
Next, convert each fraction into the LCD
x
4x – 2 = x
2(2x – 1) * 2(2x – 1)(x + 1) LCD
= x(x + 1) =
x2 + x
LCD
LCD
x – 1
2x2 + x – 1
=
x – 1
(2x – 1)(x + 1)
* 2(2x – 1)(x + 1) LCD
= 2(x – 1) =
2x – 2
LCD LCD
Example H. Combine
89. Addition and Subtraction of Rational Expressions
x
4x – 2
–
x – 1
2x2 + x – 1
Factor each denominator to find the LCD.
4x – 2 = 2(2x – 1),
2x2 + x – 2 = (2x – 1)(x + 1)
Hence the LCD = 2(2x – 1)(x + 1)
Next, convert each fraction into the LCD
x
4x – 2 = x
2(2x – 1) * 2(2x – 1)(x + 1) LCD
= x(x + 1) =
x2 + x
LCD
LCD
x – 1
2x2 + x – 1
=
x – 1
(2x – 1)(x + 1)
* 2(2x – 1)(x + 1) LCD
= 2(x – 1) =
2x – 2
LCD LCD
Hence
x
4x – 2
–
x – 1
2x2 + x – 1
=
x2 + x
LCD
–
2x – 2
LCD
Example H. Combine
90. Addition and Subtraction of Rational Expressions
x
4x – 2
–
x – 1
2x2 + x – 1
=
x2 + x
LCD –
2x – 2
LCD
91. Addition and Subtraction of Rational Expressions
=
x2 + x – (2x – 2)
LCD
x
4x – 2
–
x – 1
2x2 + x – 1
=
x2 + x
LCD –
2x – 2
LCD
92. Addition and Subtraction of Rational Expressions
=
x2 + x – (2x – 2)
LCD
x
4x – 2
–
x – 1
2x2 + x – 1
=
x2 + x
LCD –
2x – 2
LCD
=
x2 + x – 2x + 2
LCD
93. Addition and Subtraction of Rational Expressions
=
x2 + x – (2x – 2)
LCD
x
4x – 2
–
x – 1
2x2 + x – 1
=
x2 + x
LCD –
2x – 2
LCD
=
x2 + x – 2x + 2
LCD
=
x2 – x + 2
2(2x – 1)(x + 1)
Self–Check:
Do it by the multiplier method to see which way you prefer.
x
2(2x – 1)
–
x – 1
( x + 1)(2x – 1)
[ ]* 2(2x – 1)(x + 1) / LCD
94. Ex. A. Combine and simplify the answers.
Addition and Subtraction of Rational Expressions
x
x – 2
– 2
x – 2
1.
2x
x – 2
+
4
x – 2
2.
3x
x + 3
+ 6
x + 3
3. – 2x
x – 4
+ 8
x – 4
4.
x + 2
2x – 1
–
2x – 1
5.
2x + 5
x – 2
–
4 – 3x
2 – x
6.
x2 – 2
x – 2
– x
x – 27.
9x2
3x – 2 –
4
3x – 28.
Ex. B. Combine and simplify the answers.
3
12
+ 5
6
– 2
3
9. 11
12
+
5
8
– 7
6
10. –5
6
+ 3
8
– 311.
12.
6
5xy2
– x
6y13.
3
4xy2
– 5x
6y
15. 7
12xy
– 5x
8y316.
5
4xy
– 7x
6y214.
3
4xy2
– 5y
12x217.
–5
6 –
7
12+ 2
+ 1 – 7x
9y2
4 – 3x