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Mosques and tombs are the most important buildings in Islamic countries. They are decorated with abstract patterns and calligraphy from the Quran. Mosques usually have minarets, domes, and courtyards. Important structures include mosques, madrasas, and tombs. Mosques contain features like minbars, mihrabs, and iwans and are focused around a central courtyard called a sahn.

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ISLAMIC ARCHITECTURE AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III
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• Mosques and tombs are usually the most important buildings in Islamic countries. They are decorated with abstract patterns and foliage motifs, and exquisite calligraphy from the Islamic book, the Quran. AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III
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Drawing of a squinch showing how it is used as an arch support Example of a corner squinch from a tomb in New Delhi, India AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III
• ABSTRACT PATTERNS  EX. Detail of minaret socle of the Bibi Khanum Mosque, Samarkand, Uzbekistan. The arched vertical panels are decorated with different geometric patterns, featuring 10-, 8- and 5-pointed stars. AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III
• ABSTRACT PATTERNS  EX. A doorway in Ben Youssef Madrasa, Marrakech. The wooden doors are carved with a girih pattern of strapwork with a 16-point star. The arch is surrounded with arabesques; to either side is a band of Islamic calligraphy, above colourful geometric zellige tilework with 8- point stars. AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III
STRUCTURES AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III
MOSQUE AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III
The Great Ummayyad Mosque AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III
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Masjid e Jahan Numa • 'World-reflecting Mosque‘ • Commonly known as the Jama Masjid of Delhi, is one of the largest mosques in India. • It was built by the Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan between 1650 and 1656 at a cost of one million rupees, and was inaugurated by Imam Syed Abdul Ghafoor Shah Bukhari from Bukhara, present-day Uzbekistan. • The mosque was completed in 1656 AD with three great gates and two 40 metres high minarets constructed with strips of red sandstone and white marble. The courtyard can accommodate more than 25,000 people. There are three domes on the terrace which are surrounded by the two minarets. On the floor, a total of 899 black borders are marked for worshippers. • The architectural plan of Badshahi Masjid, built by Shah Jahan's son Aurangzeb at Lahore, Pakistan, is similar to the Jama Masjid. AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III
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Madrasa • is the Arabic word for any type of educational institution, secular or religious (of any religion), whether for elementary instruction or higher learning. • The word is variously transliterated madrasah, medresa, madrassa, madraza, medrese, etc. • In the West, the word usually refers to a specific type of religious school or college for the study of the Islamic religion, though this may not be the only subject studied. AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III
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Minaret • Persian: ‫مأذنت‬‎ ‎ma'thena, Azerbaijani: minarə, Turkish: minare, from Arabic: ‫منارة‬‎ ‎ manarah • Is a type of tower typically built into or adjacent to mosques. • Minarets serve multiple purposes. While they provide a visual focal point, they are generally used for the Muslim call to prayer (adhan). • The basic form of a minaret includes a base, shaft, a cap and head. They are generally a tall spire with a conical or onion-shaped crown. They can either be free-standing or taller than the associated support structure. • The architecture, function, and role of the minaret vary by region and time period. AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III
Different Types of Minaret: AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III
Function: • Minarets attached to mosques serve two main functions: to perform the call to prayer and to act as a symbol of Islam. • In the early 9th century, the first minarets were placed opposite the qibla wall. Oftentimes, this placement was not beneficial in reaching the community for the call to prayer. They served as a reminder that the region was Islamic and helped to distinguish mosques from the surrounding architecture. • In addition to providing a visual cue to a Muslim community, the other function is to provide a vantage point from which the call to prayer, or adhan, is made. The call to prayer is issued five times each day: dawn, noon, mid-afternoon, sunset, and night. In most modern mosques, the adhān is called from the musallah (prayer hall) via microphone to a speaker system on the minaret. AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III
Construction: • The basic form of minarets consists of four parts: a base, a shaft, a cap and a head. Minarets may be conical (tapering), square, cylindrical, or polygonal (faceted). • Stairs circle the shaft in a counter-clockwise fashion, providing necessary structural support to the highly elongated shaft. • The gallery is a balcony that encircles the upper sections from which the muezzin may give the call to prayer. • It is covered by a roof-like canopy and adorned with ornamentation, such as decorative brick and tile work, cornices, arches and inscriptions, with the transition from the shaft to the gallery typically displaying muqarnas. AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III
Iwan • Persian: ‫ایوان‬‎ ‎eyvān, Arabic: ‫إیوان‬‎ ‎Iwan, also spelled ivan) • Is a rectangular hall or space, usually vaulted, walled on three sides, with one end entirely open. • The formal gateway to the iwan is called pishtaq, a Persian term for a portal projecting from the facade of a building, usually decorated with calligraphy bands, glazed tilework, and geometric designs. Since the definition allows for some interpretation, the overall forms and characteristics can vary greatly in terms of scale, material, or decoration. • Iwans are most commonly associated with Islamic architecture; however, the form is Iranian in origin and was invented much earlier and fully developed in Mesopotamia around the third century CE, during the Parthian period of Persia. AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III
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Minbar • Arabic: ‫منبر‬‎ ‎but pronounced mimbar, also romanized as mimber) • Is a pulpit in the mosque where the imam (prayer leader) stands to deliver sermons ( ‫خطبت‬ , ‎ khutbah) or in the Hussainia where the speaker sits and lectures the congregation. The word is a derivative of the Arabic root n-b-r ("to raise, elevate"); the Arabic plural is manābir. AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III
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Qibla • ‎ Direction", also transliterated as Qiblah, Qibleh, Kiblah, Kıble or Kibla) • Is the direction that should be faced when a Muslim prays during ṣalāh.‎It is fixed as the direction of the Kaaba in the Hejazi city of Mecca. Most mosques contain a wall niche that indicates the Qibla, which is known as a miḥrâb.‎Most multifaith prayer rooms will also contain a Qibla, although usually less standardized in appearance than one would find within a mosque. • Muslims all praying towards the same point is traditionally considered to symbolize the unity of the Ummah (‎the community Muslims worldwide), under the Sharīʿah (‎ Law of God). The Qibla also has importance beyond ṣalāh, and plays a part in various ceremonies. The head of an animal that is slaughtered using ḥalāl (Allowed') methods is usually aligned with the Qibla. After death, Muslims are usually buried with the body at right angles to the Qibla and the face turned right towards the direction of the Qibla. AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III
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Sahn • Arabic: ‫صحن‬‎, ‎ ṣaḥn), • Is a courtyard in Islamic architecture. • Most traditional mosques have a large central sahn, which is surrounded by a riwaq or arcade on all sides. In traditional Islamic design, residences and neighborhoods can have private sahn. • The sahn courtyard is a common element in religious buildings and residences throughout the Muslim world, used in urban and rural settings. • The cloister is its equivalent in European medieval architecture and its religious buildings. AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III
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Fawwara Gate • (Maltese: Bieb il-Fawwara • Fawwara literally means spring of water, or a fountain), also known as Gzira Gate (Bieb Il-Gzira), Sliema Gate, Testaferrata Gate and Tower Gate (Bieb it- Torri), is a late 18th-century archway built during the rule of the Order of St. John in Gżira, Malta. • The archway was built as a commemoration of a new principal main road that is set on a long stretch of lands from Msida to Sliema; today being two roads namely Msida Road and Rue d'Argens. AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III
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Liwan • Arabic: ‫ليوان‬‎ ‎,from Persian eyvān) is a word used since ancient times into the present to refer to a long narrow-fronted hall or vaulted portal found in Levantine homes that is often open to the outside. • An Arabic loanword to English, it is ultimately derived from the Persian eyvān, which preceded by the article al ("the"), came to be said as Liwan in Arabic and later, English. • In its simplest form, the history of the liwan dates back more than 2,000 years, when the liwan house was essentially a covered terrace, supported by retaining walls, with a courtyard in front. AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III
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Dikka • Dikka (from Arabic: ‫دكت‬‎ ‎dikka) is a term in Muslim architecture for a tribune raised upon columns from which the Quran is recited and prayers are intoned by the imam of a mosque. AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III
Maqsurah • Maqsurah (Arabic ‫مقصورة‬ (‎) literally "closed-off space"), an enclosure, a box or wooden screen near the mihrab or the center of the qibla wall, which was originally designed to shield a worshipping ruler from assassins.[1] The imam officiating inside the maqsurah typically belonged to the same school of law to which the ruler belonged.[2] • There also may have been some spiritual connotation similar to the chancel screen in churches. They were often wooden screens decorated with carvings or interlocking turned pieces of wood (similar to a mashrabiya).[3] Sometimes, muslim saints were buried behind the Maqsura in a similar way to a Zarih. AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III
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What is Moorish Architecture? • Moorish architecture is a variation of Islamic architecture. It developed as a group of people of Islamic faith spread from the Middle East to the Maghreb, an area which included parts of North Africa and Spain. Their architecture was noted for its unique characteristics -- a result of the intertwined influences of culture and religion. AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III
History of Moorish Architecture • This group of people, who later became known as the Moors, brought their Muslim faith with them as they conquered parts of southern Europe and even moved into parts of the Western Mediterranean, including Sicily. The Moors were in power from roughly the 8th to the 16th century. • During this period, they built many stone and masonry buildings which featured distinct elements of Muslim architecture and design. Some of the most prominent examples of Moorish architecture can be found in Spain, with most built between the beginning of the 13th century and the end of the 16th century. AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III
• The Moors implemented their style of architecture in their houses of worship, or mosques. One of the greatest examples of a Moorish mosque is the Great Mosque at Cordoba in Spain, which was built between roughly 785 and 1000. Its stunning interior features elaborate surface decorations and open rooms full of double arches of contrasting dark and light stone. • The Moors also built secular structures -- some with gardens and fountains enclosed, and others surrounded by residential buildings. The Moors developed complex irrigation and plumbing systems as well. One of the most distinctive types of Moorish structures is the alcázar, or fortress complex. A spectacular example of an alcázar is the Alhambra, a fortress and palace built in Granada, Spain during the 13th and 14th centuries. AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III
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Characteristics of Moorish Architecture • One of the most distinctive elements of Moorish architecture is the horseshoe arch, an arch with a rounded top that bends ever-so-slightly inward at the side. As the name implies, it looks like a horseshoe. • Another architectural element you can find in Moorish structures is a distinct- looking, decoratively carved, honeycombed vault called a murqarnas, which can be found on the ceilings of alcoves, on the inner curving portions of arches, and in other areas. Many Moorish structures also included large domed ceilings. AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III
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4342290824563553-Islamic-Architecture.pdf

  • 1.
    ISLAMIC ARCHITECTURE AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS,uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III
  • 2.
    AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS,uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III
  • 3.
    • Mosques andtombs are usually the most important buildings in Islamic countries. They are decorated with abstract patterns and foliage motifs, and exquisite calligraphy from the Islamic book, the Quran. AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III
  • 4.
    AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS,uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III
  • 5.
    AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS,uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III
  • 6.
    AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS,uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III
  • 7.
    AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS,uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III
  • 8.
    Drawing of asquinch showing how it is used as an arch support Example of a corner squinch from a tomb in New Delhi, India AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III
  • 9.
    • ABSTRACT PATTERNS EX. Detail of minaret socle of the Bibi Khanum Mosque, Samarkand, Uzbekistan. The arched vertical panels are decorated with different geometric patterns, featuring 10-, 8- and 5-pointed stars. AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III
  • 10.
    • ABSTRACT PATTERNS EX. A doorway in Ben Youssef Madrasa, Marrakech. The wooden doors are carved with a girih pattern of strapwork with a 16-point star. The arch is surrounded with arabesques; to either side is a band of Islamic calligraphy, above colourful geometric zellige tilework with 8- point stars. AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III
  • 11.
    STRUCTURES AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS,uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III
  • 12.
    MOSQUE AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS,uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III
  • 13.
    The Great UmmayyadMosque AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III
  • 14.
    AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS,uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III
  • 15.
    AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS,uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III
  • 17.
    Masjid e JahanNuma • 'World-reflecting Mosque‘ • Commonly known as the Jama Masjid of Delhi, is one of the largest mosques in India. • It was built by the Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan between 1650 and 1656 at a cost of one million rupees, and was inaugurated by Imam Syed Abdul Ghafoor Shah Bukhari from Bukhara, present-day Uzbekistan. • The mosque was completed in 1656 AD with three great gates and two 40 metres high minarets constructed with strips of red sandstone and white marble. The courtyard can accommodate more than 25,000 people. There are three domes on the terrace which are surrounded by the two minarets. On the floor, a total of 899 black borders are marked for worshippers. • The architectural plan of Badshahi Masjid, built by Shah Jahan's son Aurangzeb at Lahore, Pakistan, is similar to the Jama Masjid. AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III
  • 18.
    AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS,uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III
  • 19.
    AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS,uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III
  • 20.
    Madrasa • is theArabic word for any type of educational institution, secular or religious (of any religion), whether for elementary instruction or higher learning. • The word is variously transliterated madrasah, medresa, madrassa, madraza, medrese, etc. • In the West, the word usually refers to a specific type of religious school or college for the study of the Islamic religion, though this may not be the only subject studied. AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III
  • 21.
    AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS,uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III
  • 22.
    AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS,uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III
  • 23.
    AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS,uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III
  • 24.
    Minaret • Persian: ‫مأذنت‬‎ ‎ma'thena,Azerbaijani: minarə, Turkish: minare, from Arabic: ‫منارة‬‎ ‎ manarah • Is a type of tower typically built into or adjacent to mosques. • Minarets serve multiple purposes. While they provide a visual focal point, they are generally used for the Muslim call to prayer (adhan). • The basic form of a minaret includes a base, shaft, a cap and head. They are generally a tall spire with a conical or onion-shaped crown. They can either be free-standing or taller than the associated support structure. • The architecture, function, and role of the minaret vary by region and time period. AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III
  • 25.
    Different Types ofMinaret: AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III
  • 26.
    Function: • Minarets attachedto mosques serve two main functions: to perform the call to prayer and to act as a symbol of Islam. • In the early 9th century, the first minarets were placed opposite the qibla wall. Oftentimes, this placement was not beneficial in reaching the community for the call to prayer. They served as a reminder that the region was Islamic and helped to distinguish mosques from the surrounding architecture. • In addition to providing a visual cue to a Muslim community, the other function is to provide a vantage point from which the call to prayer, or adhan, is made. The call to prayer is issued five times each day: dawn, noon, mid-afternoon, sunset, and night. In most modern mosques, the adhān is called from the musallah (prayer hall) via microphone to a speaker system on the minaret. AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III
  • 27.
    Construction: • The basicform of minarets consists of four parts: a base, a shaft, a cap and a head. Minarets may be conical (tapering), square, cylindrical, or polygonal (faceted). • Stairs circle the shaft in a counter-clockwise fashion, providing necessary structural support to the highly elongated shaft. • The gallery is a balcony that encircles the upper sections from which the muezzin may give the call to prayer. • It is covered by a roof-like canopy and adorned with ornamentation, such as decorative brick and tile work, cornices, arches and inscriptions, with the transition from the shaft to the gallery typically displaying muqarnas. AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III
  • 28.
    Iwan • Persian: ‫ایوان‬‎ ‎eyvān,Arabic: ‫إیوان‬‎ ‎Iwan, also spelled ivan) • Is a rectangular hall or space, usually vaulted, walled on three sides, with one end entirely open. • The formal gateway to the iwan is called pishtaq, a Persian term for a portal projecting from the facade of a building, usually decorated with calligraphy bands, glazed tilework, and geometric designs. Since the definition allows for some interpretation, the overall forms and characteristics can vary greatly in terms of scale, material, or decoration. • Iwans are most commonly associated with Islamic architecture; however, the form is Iranian in origin and was invented much earlier and fully developed in Mesopotamia around the third century CE, during the Parthian period of Persia. AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III
  • 29.
    AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS,uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III
  • 30.
    Minbar • Arabic: ‫منبر‬‎ ‎butpronounced mimbar, also romanized as mimber) • Is a pulpit in the mosque where the imam (prayer leader) stands to deliver sermons ( ‫خطبت‬ , ‎ khutbah) or in the Hussainia where the speaker sits and lectures the congregation. The word is a derivative of the Arabic root n-b-r ("to raise, elevate"); the Arabic plural is manābir. AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III
  • 31.
    AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS,uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III
  • 32.
    Qibla • ‎ Direction", alsotransliterated as Qiblah, Qibleh, Kiblah, Kıble or Kibla) • Is the direction that should be faced when a Muslim prays during ṣalāh.‎It is fixed as the direction of the Kaaba in the Hejazi city of Mecca. Most mosques contain a wall niche that indicates the Qibla, which is known as a miḥrâb.‎Most multifaith prayer rooms will also contain a Qibla, although usually less standardized in appearance than one would find within a mosque. • Muslims all praying towards the same point is traditionally considered to symbolize the unity of the Ummah (‎the community Muslims worldwide), under the Sharīʿah (‎ Law of God). The Qibla also has importance beyond ṣalāh, and plays a part in various ceremonies. The head of an animal that is slaughtered using ḥalāl (Allowed') methods is usually aligned with the Qibla. After death, Muslims are usually buried with the body at right angles to the Qibla and the face turned right towards the direction of the Qibla. AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III
  • 33.
    AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS,uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III
  • 34.
    AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS,uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III
  • 35.
    Sahn • Arabic: ‫صحن‬‎, ‎ṣaḥn), • Is a courtyard in Islamic architecture. • Most traditional mosques have a large central sahn, which is surrounded by a riwaq or arcade on all sides. In traditional Islamic design, residences and neighborhoods can have private sahn. • The sahn courtyard is a common element in religious buildings and residences throughout the Muslim world, used in urban and rural settings. • The cloister is its equivalent in European medieval architecture and its religious buildings. AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III
  • 36.
    AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS,uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III
  • 37.
    Fawwara Gate • (Maltese:Bieb il-Fawwara • Fawwara literally means spring of water, or a fountain), also known as Gzira Gate (Bieb Il-Gzira), Sliema Gate, Testaferrata Gate and Tower Gate (Bieb it- Torri), is a late 18th-century archway built during the rule of the Order of St. John in Gżira, Malta. • The archway was built as a commemoration of a new principal main road that is set on a long stretch of lands from Msida to Sliema; today being two roads namely Msida Road and Rue d'Argens. AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III
  • 38.
    AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS,uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III
  • 39.
    Liwan • Arabic: ‫ليوان‬‎ ‎,fromPersian eyvān) is a word used since ancient times into the present to refer to a long narrow-fronted hall or vaulted portal found in Levantine homes that is often open to the outside. • An Arabic loanword to English, it is ultimately derived from the Persian eyvān, which preceded by the article al ("the"), came to be said as Liwan in Arabic and later, English. • In its simplest form, the history of the liwan dates back more than 2,000 years, when the liwan house was essentially a covered terrace, supported by retaining walls, with a courtyard in front. AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III
  • 40.
    AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS,uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III
  • 41.
    Dikka • Dikka (fromArabic: ‫دكت‬‎ ‎dikka) is a term in Muslim architecture for a tribune raised upon columns from which the Quran is recited and prayers are intoned by the imam of a mosque. AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III
  • 42.
    Maqsurah • Maqsurah (Arabic‫مقصورة‬ (‎) literally "closed-off space"), an enclosure, a box or wooden screen near the mihrab or the center of the qibla wall, which was originally designed to shield a worshipping ruler from assassins.[1] The imam officiating inside the maqsurah typically belonged to the same school of law to which the ruler belonged.[2] • There also may have been some spiritual connotation similar to the chancel screen in churches. They were often wooden screens decorated with carvings or interlocking turned pieces of wood (similar to a mashrabiya).[3] Sometimes, muslim saints were buried behind the Maqsura in a similar way to a Zarih. AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III
  • 43.
    AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS,uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III
  • 44.
    AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS,uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III
  • 45.
    AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS,uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III
  • 46.
    AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS,uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III
  • 47.
    AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS,uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III
  • 48.
    AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS,uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III
  • 49.
    AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS,uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III
  • 50.
    AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS,uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III
  • 51.
    AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS,uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III
  • 53.
    AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS,uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III
  • 54.
    What is MoorishArchitecture? • Moorish architecture is a variation of Islamic architecture. It developed as a group of people of Islamic faith spread from the Middle East to the Maghreb, an area which included parts of North Africa and Spain. Their architecture was noted for its unique characteristics -- a result of the intertwined influences of culture and religion. AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III
  • 55.
    History of MoorishArchitecture • This group of people, who later became known as the Moors, brought their Muslim faith with them as they conquered parts of southern Europe and even moved into parts of the Western Mediterranean, including Sicily. The Moors were in power from roughly the 8th to the 16th century. • During this period, they built many stone and masonry buildings which featured distinct elements of Muslim architecture and design. Some of the most prominent examples of Moorish architecture can be found in Spain, with most built between the beginning of the 13th century and the end of the 16th century. AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III
  • 56.
    • The Moorsimplemented their style of architecture in their houses of worship, or mosques. One of the greatest examples of a Moorish mosque is the Great Mosque at Cordoba in Spain, which was built between roughly 785 and 1000. Its stunning interior features elaborate surface decorations and open rooms full of double arches of contrasting dark and light stone. • The Moors also built secular structures -- some with gardens and fountains enclosed, and others surrounded by residential buildings. The Moors developed complex irrigation and plumbing systems as well. One of the most distinctive types of Moorish structures is the alcázar, or fortress complex. A spectacular example of an alcázar is the Alhambra, a fortress and palace built in Granada, Spain during the 13th and 14th centuries. AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III
  • 57.
    AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS,uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III
  • 58.
    Characteristics of MoorishArchitecture • One of the most distinctive elements of Moorish architecture is the horseshoe arch, an arch with a rounded top that bends ever-so-slightly inward at the side. As the name implies, it looks like a horseshoe. • Another architectural element you can find in Moorish structures is a distinct- looking, decoratively carved, honeycombed vault called a murqarnas, which can be found on the ceilings of alcoves, on the inner curving portions of arches, and in other areas. Many Moorish structures also included large domed ceilings. AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III
  • 59.
    AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS,uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III AR.MARRY GRACE PAMAOS, uap HOA III