Optics is the study of visible light and how it interacts with the eye to produce vision. The document discusses key optics concepts such as the law of reflection, which states that the angle of reflection equals the angle of incidence, and different types of reflection from smooth and rough surfaces. It also covers how the shape of mirrors determines the type of image formed, such as flat mirrors showing an exact image, convex mirrors producing a smaller image, and concave mirrors creating upside-down or right-side-up images depending on the distance from the focal point where light rays meet.