all sort of barriers that ffect the business's ability to work effectively and efficiently in what ever the environment is.

1. Barriers to
Communication

3. Physical and
Mechanical Barriers
• Noise
• Poor lighting
• Time and
distance
• Defect in
medium
• Excessive
message
• Disturbance in
privacy
• Less message
Semantic Barriers
• Different
comprehension
of reality
• Use of multiple
meaning words
• Wrong
interpretations
• Unclear
assumptions
• Use of idioms
and phrases
Organisational
barriers
• Long scalar
chain
• Policies and rules
• Lack of
communication
devices and
material
• Poor spatial
arrangements
• Line and staff
relationship
Socio-psychological
barriers
• Behaviour
attitudes
• Emotions/mood
• Status
consciousness
• Close mind
• Poor attention
• Poor retention
• Forecasting
before time
• Distrust
• Source of
information
• Selfishness

4. Barriers to communication

5. Sender –oriented barriers….1
Concrete ideas and well
structured message
Correct choice of medium/
channel
Simple words and accurate
understanding of intention
Badly
expressed
message
Loss in
Trans-
mission
Semantic
problem

6. Sender –oriented barriers….2
Quantum of information
should be right
Avoid I-attitude
Mind, free of bias
Over/
under
commu-
nication
I-
attitude
Prejudices

7. Receiver –oriented barriers….1
Jot down points
Improve concentration
Delay evaluation
Poor
retention
Poor
listening
Tendency
to evaluate

8. Receiver –oriented barriers….2
Develop interest
Clarify, confirm with
feedback
Encourage juniors to come
up with ideas and listen
Interests
and
attitudes
Conflict-
ing
inform-
ation
Differing
status and
position

9. Receiver –oriented barriers….3
Be flexible
Enter into
healthy
discussions
Resistance
to change
Refutations
and
arguments

10. Barriers to communication
• Noise
• Lack of planning
• Semantic problems
• Cultural barriers
• Wrong assumptions
• Socio-psychological
barriers
• Emotions
• Selective perception
• Filtering
• Information overload
• Poor retention
• Poor listening
• Goal conflicts
• Offensive style of
communication
• Insufficient period for
adjustment

11. 1. Noise

12. Noise
• Any interference that occurs
in a signal and prevents
receiver from hearing sounds
properly. It may be a physical
sound or a mental
disturbance.
• Two categories:
• Physical
• Psychological

13. Noise
• Physical Noise
Sound which emanates
from the surroundings and
hampers the listening
process.

14. Noise
• Psychological Noise-
Receiver might be distracted by
psychological noise. Outward
manifestations of this disturbance
would be in the form of-
• Restless tapping on the table
• Looking in other directions
• Shifting restlessly
• Changing positions

15. Noise
Types Causative
factors
Remedies
Physical Disturbances and
distractions in
environment.
Ensuring that
all channels
are clear and
free of noise.
Psycho-
logical
Mental
turbulence, etc. as
discussed on
previous slide
Entering into
Question/ Answer
sessions, securing
advice, etc.

16. 2. Lack of planning

18. Lack of planning
• Selection of suitable time and
place are very necessary for
effective communication.

19. 3. Semantic problems

20. • Pepsi's "Come alive with the
Pepsi Generation" translated
into "Pepsi brings your
ancestors back from the
grave", in Chinese.

21. Semantic problems
• Problems arising from expression
or transmission of meaning in
communication are called
semantic problems.
• The sender has to take care that
the receiver does not
misunderstood his message, and
gets the intended meaning.

22. 4. Cultural barriers

23. Cultural barriers
• The same category of words,
phrases, symbols, actions and
colours mean different things to
people of different countries/
cultural backgrounds.
• Eg. In US call by first names
In India call by last names.

24. 5. Wrong assumptions

25. Wrong assumptions
• Quite often we act on
assumptions, without caring
to seek clarification for them.

26. 6. Socio-psychological barriers

27. Socio-psychological barriers
• Attitude and opinion
• Place in society
• Status-consciousness in hierarchical
structure of organisation
• Relations with peer, senior, junior
• Family background

28. 7. Emotions

29. Emotions
• Encoding and decoding of
messages are influenced
by our emotions.

30. 8. Selective Perception

31. Selective perception
• Receivers selectively see and hear
depending upon their needs,
background, motivations, experience
and other personal characteristics.
• While decoding the messages, most of
the receivers protect their own
interests and expectations into
process of communication leading to a
particular kind of feedback that may
become a communication problem.

32. 9. Filtering

33. Filtering
• The sender of a message
manipulates information in such
a way that it will be seen more
favourably by the receiver.
• When there are more vertical
levels in the organisation, more
chances are there for filtering.

34. 10. Information overload

35. Information Overload
• Unchecked inflow of
information
• People may become
selective in their response
and hence causing
problem.

36. 11. Poor retention

37. Poor Retention
• People are also likely to forget
messages reaching them.
• There arises the necessity to
repeat the message and use
more than one medium to
communicate the same
message.

39. 12. Poor listening

40. Poor listening
• Many people are interested in talking, and
mostly talking about themselves.
• Few actually practise patient, active and
empathic listening.
Poor
Listening
Incomplete
Information
Poor
retention
Undesirable
result

41. 13. Goal conflicts

42. Goal Conflicts
• Clashes of the goals of various
units and sub-units of an
organisation lead to
communication breakdowns.
• Communication should serve as
a conflict-reduction exercise.

43. 14. Offensive style of
communication

44. Offensive style of communication
• If manager sends a message in
such a way that the workers/
juniors become defensive their
relations get strained and
communication suffers.
• Necessary for management to
adopt a persuasive style of
communication.

45. 15. Insufficient period for
adjustment

46. Insufficient period for adjustment
• People take their own time to
adjust to any news or
proposal of change.

47. 16. Loss by transmission

48. Loss by transmission
Communication often suffers/
gets diluted when message
pass from person to person in
a series of transmission. They
get diluted on the way.

49. How to overcome
Communication
Barriers

50. 1. Overcoming
perceptional
barriers
2. Effective listening
3. Create synergistic
environment
4. Convey emotional
contents of the
message
5. Use appropriate
language
6. Use proper channel
7. Encourage open
communication
8. Ensure two-way
communication
9. Make best use of
body language

51. THANK YOU