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World War II
 THE UNITED STATES
   AND THE WAR


             MS. KEEN
MOBILIZING FOR
     WAR
    1. Production Boom

  2. Government Expansion

 3. Directing The Economy

    4. Raising An Army
PRODUCTION
   BOOM
* INCREASE IN PRODUCTION
   CREATED AN ECONOMIC
   BOOM THAT ENDED THE
     GREAT DEPRESSION
GOVERNMENT
             EXPANSION
     *MOBILIZING REQUIRED A GREATLY EXPANDED
               FEDERAL GOVERNMENT

        *1942 WAR PRODUCTION BOARD (WPB)
              - INCREASE MILITARY PRODUCTION
     - CONVERT FACTORIES TO WARTIME PRODUCTION
           - ASSIGN RAW MATERIALS TO INDUSTRY

       *1943 OFFICE OF WAR MOBILIZATION (OWM)
- COORDINATED GOV. AGENCIES INVOLVED IN WAR EFFORT
    -COORDINATED PRODUCTION & DISTRIBUTION OF
                   CONSUMER GOODS
DIRECTING THE
          ECONOMY
*GOV. HAD TO EXPAND IT’S CONTROL OVER THE
       ECONOMY TO PAY FOR THE WAR

 *INCREASED THE INCOME TAX

     *SOLD WAR BONDS
ECONOMY



*OFFICE OF PRICE ADMINISTRATION (OPA)
- SET MAXIMUM PRICES & RATIONED ITEMS
                  *GAS
                 *TIRES
               *COFFEE
                *SUGAR
                 *MEAT
               *BUTTER
RAISING AN ARMY
*SUMMER 1940 U.S. CALLED THE NATIONAL GAURD
TO ACTIVE DUTY & PASSED THE SELECTIVE SERVICE
                  ACT (DRAFT)
    -FIRST PEACETIME DRAFT IN U. S. HISTORY

Conscientious Objector - Someone that would be exempt
    from the draft because of their religious beliefs.
The Home Front
     1. Promoting The War

   2. Life On The Home Front

  3. Minorities During The War

4. Discrimination During The War
PROMOTING THE
         WAR
  THE GOV. TRIED TO KEEP MORALE HIGH.
ENCOURAGED THE MEDIA TO DO THEIR PART

*MOVIE STARS ADVERTISE WAR BONDS & WENT
     OVERSEAS TO ENTERTAIN TROOPS.

          *100S OF WAR MOVIES

*RADIO BROUGHT THE WAR INTO AMERICANS’
                HOMES
LIFE DURING
         WARTIME
DAILY LIFE DID NOT CHANGE RADICALLY,
   HOWEVER SACRIFICES WERE MADE.

   *VICTORY GARDENS- 20 MILLION

            *RATIONING

       *NIGHTTIME BLACKOUTS
LIFE DURING
              WARTIME
                   MUSIC

* SONGS CAPTURED THE HARSH REALITY OF WAR

* “GOD BLESS AMERICA”, BY IRVING BERLIN BECAME
   A SORT OF UNOFFICIAL NATIONAL ANTHEM.

    * BIG-BAND SWING REMAINED POPULAR
LIFE DURING
       WARTIME
             BOOKS

* NONFICTION BECAME MORE POPULAR

     * 1939 - PAPERBACK BOOKS
MINORITIES
WOMEN - LIFE ON THE HOME FRONT CHANGED
              DRAMATICALLY
            * GOV. NOW URGED WOMEN TO
                ENTER THE JOB MARKET

            * ROSIE THE RIVETER - SYMBOL OF
               PATRIOTIC FEMALE DEFENSE
                       WORKERS

       * PAID LESS        * SEEN AS
                         TEMPORARY
MINORITIES
 * CUT TIME                 * OVER 400 SERVED
    IN 1/2


              NAVAJO CODE TALKERS

 * 1942 MARINE SIGNAL CORPS ORGANIZED A UNIT
OF NAVAJO TO USE THEIR LANGUAGE TO CREATE A
                     CODE

      * THEIR CODES WERE NEVER BROKEN
MINORITIES
ALL-BLACK UNIT                    TRAINED IN
      OF                           TUSKEGEE
FIGHTER PILOTS                     ALABAMA

            THE TUSKEGEE AIRMEN


* BY THE END OF THE WAR THEY WERE THE ONLY U.
 S. ESCORT GROUP THAT HAD NOT LOST A SINGLE
           BOMBER TO ENEMY PLANES!!
DISCRIMINATION
        DURING THE WAR
MANY BLACK WORKERS MOVED INTO BETTER PAYING JOBS
    & PLAYED A KEY ROLE IN THE MILITARY EFFORT.

              * SERVED IN SEGREGATED UNITS
                  * KEPT OUT OF COMBAT
               * ASSIGNED LOW-LEVEL WORK
        * MANY WAR PLANTS WOULD NOT HIRE AF-AM

* JUNE 1941 - FAIR EMPLOYMENT PRACTICES COMMITTEE (FEPC) TO
ENFORCE F. ROOSEVELT’S EXECUTIVE ORDER FORBIDDING RACIAL
    DISCRIMINATION IN DEFENSE PLANTS AND GOV. OFFICES.
DISCRIMINATION
 *BITTER PREJUDICE            *FASHION FAD OF
  & RESENTMENT                 YOUNG MEX.-AM.


               THE ZOOT-SUIT RIOTS

*1942 AGREEMENT BETWEEN THE U.S. AND MEXICO
 ALLOWED 1,000S OF MEXICAN FARM & RAILROAD
WORKERS INTO THE U.S. TO WORK DURING WWII

      *TENSION ERUPTED IN JUNE 1943 IN L.A.
U.S. SOLDIERS BEGAN ATTACKING MEX-AM YOUTH.
DISCRIMINATION


JAPANESE INTERNMENT - FORCED RELOCATION &
IMPRISONMENT OF JAP.-AM. LIVING ON THE WEST
                  COAST
*120,000 JAPANESE AMERICANS WERE ROUNDED UP
             AND FORCED INTO CAMPS

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(#3)wwii us homefront keynote

  • 1. World War II THE UNITED STATES AND THE WAR MS. KEEN
  • 2. MOBILIZING FOR WAR 1. Production Boom 2. Government Expansion 3. Directing The Economy 4. Raising An Army
  • 3. PRODUCTION BOOM * INCREASE IN PRODUCTION CREATED AN ECONOMIC BOOM THAT ENDED THE GREAT DEPRESSION
  • 4. GOVERNMENT EXPANSION *MOBILIZING REQUIRED A GREATLY EXPANDED FEDERAL GOVERNMENT *1942 WAR PRODUCTION BOARD (WPB) - INCREASE MILITARY PRODUCTION - CONVERT FACTORIES TO WARTIME PRODUCTION - ASSIGN RAW MATERIALS TO INDUSTRY *1943 OFFICE OF WAR MOBILIZATION (OWM) - COORDINATED GOV. AGENCIES INVOLVED IN WAR EFFORT -COORDINATED PRODUCTION & DISTRIBUTION OF CONSUMER GOODS
  • 5. DIRECTING THE ECONOMY *GOV. HAD TO EXPAND IT’S CONTROL OVER THE ECONOMY TO PAY FOR THE WAR *INCREASED THE INCOME TAX *SOLD WAR BONDS
  • 6. ECONOMY *OFFICE OF PRICE ADMINISTRATION (OPA) - SET MAXIMUM PRICES & RATIONED ITEMS *GAS *TIRES *COFFEE *SUGAR *MEAT *BUTTER
  • 7. RAISING AN ARMY *SUMMER 1940 U.S. CALLED THE NATIONAL GAURD TO ACTIVE DUTY & PASSED THE SELECTIVE SERVICE ACT (DRAFT) -FIRST PEACETIME DRAFT IN U. S. HISTORY Conscientious Objector - Someone that would be exempt from the draft because of their religious beliefs.
  • 8. The Home Front 1. Promoting The War 2. Life On The Home Front 3. Minorities During The War 4. Discrimination During The War
  • 9. PROMOTING THE WAR THE GOV. TRIED TO KEEP MORALE HIGH. ENCOURAGED THE MEDIA TO DO THEIR PART *MOVIE STARS ADVERTISE WAR BONDS & WENT OVERSEAS TO ENTERTAIN TROOPS. *100S OF WAR MOVIES *RADIO BROUGHT THE WAR INTO AMERICANS’ HOMES
  • 10.
  • 11. LIFE DURING WARTIME DAILY LIFE DID NOT CHANGE RADICALLY, HOWEVER SACRIFICES WERE MADE. *VICTORY GARDENS- 20 MILLION *RATIONING *NIGHTTIME BLACKOUTS
  • 12. LIFE DURING WARTIME MUSIC * SONGS CAPTURED THE HARSH REALITY OF WAR * “GOD BLESS AMERICA”, BY IRVING BERLIN BECAME A SORT OF UNOFFICIAL NATIONAL ANTHEM. * BIG-BAND SWING REMAINED POPULAR
  • 13. LIFE DURING WARTIME BOOKS * NONFICTION BECAME MORE POPULAR * 1939 - PAPERBACK BOOKS
  • 14. MINORITIES WOMEN - LIFE ON THE HOME FRONT CHANGED DRAMATICALLY * GOV. NOW URGED WOMEN TO ENTER THE JOB MARKET * ROSIE THE RIVETER - SYMBOL OF PATRIOTIC FEMALE DEFENSE WORKERS * PAID LESS * SEEN AS TEMPORARY
  • 15. MINORITIES * CUT TIME * OVER 400 SERVED IN 1/2 NAVAJO CODE TALKERS * 1942 MARINE SIGNAL CORPS ORGANIZED A UNIT OF NAVAJO TO USE THEIR LANGUAGE TO CREATE A CODE * THEIR CODES WERE NEVER BROKEN
  • 16. MINORITIES ALL-BLACK UNIT TRAINED IN OF TUSKEGEE FIGHTER PILOTS ALABAMA THE TUSKEGEE AIRMEN * BY THE END OF THE WAR THEY WERE THE ONLY U. S. ESCORT GROUP THAT HAD NOT LOST A SINGLE BOMBER TO ENEMY PLANES!!
  • 17. DISCRIMINATION DURING THE WAR MANY BLACK WORKERS MOVED INTO BETTER PAYING JOBS & PLAYED A KEY ROLE IN THE MILITARY EFFORT. * SERVED IN SEGREGATED UNITS * KEPT OUT OF COMBAT * ASSIGNED LOW-LEVEL WORK * MANY WAR PLANTS WOULD NOT HIRE AF-AM * JUNE 1941 - FAIR EMPLOYMENT PRACTICES COMMITTEE (FEPC) TO ENFORCE F. ROOSEVELT’S EXECUTIVE ORDER FORBIDDING RACIAL DISCRIMINATION IN DEFENSE PLANTS AND GOV. OFFICES.
  • 18. DISCRIMINATION *BITTER PREJUDICE *FASHION FAD OF & RESENTMENT YOUNG MEX.-AM. THE ZOOT-SUIT RIOTS *1942 AGREEMENT BETWEEN THE U.S. AND MEXICO ALLOWED 1,000S OF MEXICAN FARM & RAILROAD WORKERS INTO THE U.S. TO WORK DURING WWII *TENSION ERUPTED IN JUNE 1943 IN L.A. U.S. SOLDIERS BEGAN ATTACKING MEX-AM YOUTH.
  • 19. DISCRIMINATION JAPANESE INTERNMENT - FORCED RELOCATION & IMPRISONMENT OF JAP.-AM. LIVING ON THE WEST COAST *120,000 JAPANESE AMERICANS WERE ROUNDED UP AND FORCED INTO CAMPS