The French and Indian War was a conflict between France and Britain for control of North America in the 18th century. France and Britain both claimed land in the Ohio Valley, leading to clashes between their forces. The war expanded into a global conflict known as the Seven Years' War. Key battles included the British defeat at Fort Duquesne in 1754 and their victory at Quebec in 1759. The Treaty of Paris in 1763 ended the war, ceding French North American territories to Britain. This shifted the balance of power in North America and had long-term effects on British-colonial relations.

1. The French and Indian
War
Austin Spence

2. • North America in the 18th century was being
controlled by Spain, France, and Great Britain.
• France and Britain both wanted total control.
− British jealous of French fur trade with Indians
− Leads to strife and rivalry
− Global conflict for land
− Only solution is war
Road to the War

3. North America Before the War

4. Beginnings of the War
• Land, Land, Land
• Fort Duquesne (1754) - Pittsburgh, PA
− Claimed by both the French and British
− George Washington sent to demand withdrawal of
French
− They will not leave, which leads to the attack of the
British on the French
− French succeed

5. The Indians
• Sided with the French because they benefited
from trade with them.
• They were worried the British were going to take
over their land.

6. Developments of the War
• Seven Years’ War (1756-1763)
− French and Indian War becomes North American
theater of the 7 Years’ War.
− British and French clash, fighting for land on both
Europe and North America.

7. The World Before the War

8. Leaders of the War
• Great Britain
− General Edward Braddock
• Sent over from Great Britain to be Commander in Chief.
• Led army to attack Fort Duquesne
• Braddock’s Expedition
− General James Wolfe
• Battle of Quebec
• France
− Marquis de Montcalm
• Military leader of New France
• Saw defeat and death at Battle of Quebec

9. Battle Grounds
• Lakes George and Champlain
− Located in New York and reach up to Canada
− Provided easy routes for food and supplies
− Strategic position which allowed for much control of
North America
• French Bases
− Montreal
− Quebec
• British Bases
− Hudson River

10. Battle Grounds (Continued)
• Fort Carillion (1958)
− French base controlled by Montcalm
− Lake Champlain
− British attack are unsuccessful
− Re-attack and take over
− Renamed Fort Ticonderoga
− Important military center

11. • Battle of Quebec (1759)
− French under command of Montcalm
− British under James Wolfe
− Great Britain enters through St. Lawrence River
− Plains of Abraham
− British prevail
• Treaty of Paris (1763)
− Officially brought the French and Indian War and 7
Year’s War to an end
Ending of the War

12. Outcomes of the War
• Land
− British gain everything east of
the Mississippi
− Spain receives land west of
the Mississippi
• Long term effects
− British spending throughout
the war causes for more taxes
on the colonists
• Helps sparks the flames of the
Revolutionary War.

13. Works Cited
Borneman, Walter R. The French and Indian War:
Deciding the Fate of North America. Chicago:
HaperCollins Publishers, 2006.
Fowler, William M. Empires At War: The French
and Indian War and the Struggle for North
America, 1754-1763. New York: Walter
Publishing Company, 2005.
Global Security. Global Security: French and Indian
War. 1 November 2010
<http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/ops/fr
ench_indian.htm>.

14. Ohio History Central. Ohio history Central: French
and Indian War. 1 November 1 2010
<http://www.ohiohistorycentral.org/entry.php?
rec=498>.
US History. US History: French and Indian War. 1
November 2010
<http://www.ushistory.org/declaration/related/
frin.htm>.