346260332-Under-Reamed-Piles-1-10-09.pptx
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Under reamed piles are manually bored cast in situ shallow foundation piles ranging from 3-8m in length and 200-500mm in diameter, with single or double under reams. They are an economical option for small, low-rise buildings on black cotton soils or filled soils. A case study describes a 4-story residential building in Delhi founded on 400mm diameter single under reamed piles 8m long with a capacity of 31 tonnes, founded in loose filled soil over firm soil.
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Foam concrete is a lightweight concrete made by mixing cement paste with synthetic foam. It has a range of densities from 400-1600 kg/m3 depending on its intended use such as gap filling, partitions, or structural works. Advantages include being lightweight, free flowing to fill all voids, impermeable, insulating, durable, and cost effective compared to other materials. It can be used for void filling, thermal insulation, sunken slabs, trench reinstatement, and as a road sub-base. Foam concrete is produced by injecting foam generated using a foam generator and foaming agent into a cement slurry in a transit mixer.
Soldier Bored and Diaphragm
This document provides information about constructing a diaphragm wall for basement excavation using the diaphragm wall method. It discusses what a diaphragm wall is, its applications, and the steps involved in constructing one including excavating a pre-trench, installing guide walls and reinforcement cages, concreting using tremie tubes, and joining wall panels with water stops. It also addresses selecting suitable temporary excavation support systems, advantages of diaphragm walls, excavator machines used, and providing additional wall support with ground anchors.
Tutorial 2 (1)
This document compares end bearing piles and friction piles. End bearing piles transfer loads through their base onto a firm soil layer, acting like a column. Friction piles transfer loads through skin friction along their length as they have no firm layer. Precast piles are constructed by driving piles into the ground using pile drivers. Continuous flight auger piles have advantages like low vibrations, quick installation, and not requiring casing. Reinforced concrete piles are manufactured through a process including forming steel cages, placing concrete in molds, curing, and demolding. When placing concrete in piles through a tremie pipe, the pipe must be kept full of concrete and the top raised above cutoff level to prevent soil or water from entering the pile.
pile foundation of burj khalifa
The document discusses piles and their application in building tall structures like the Burj Khalifa. It describes how 192 piles that were 47 meters long supported the Burj Khalifa's foundation. The piles transmitted loads to hard rock 50 meters below through friction and end bearing. Challenges included weak soil and groundwater, which required using a polymer slurry during excavation to keep boreholes open until concrete was pumped in.
Pile foundations
Pile foundation are essential in case where SBC is low or the load coming from superstructure is too heavy,
Topics covered includes Materials used for making piles, Type of piles, load transfer mechanism, factors affecting selection of piles, Installation methods, load carrying capacity of piles, different load tests performed and the behavior of piles as a group.
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This document provides an overview of soil nailing, including its origins, components, construction process, and applications. Soil nailing involves installing closely spaced reinforcing bars into sloped ground or excavations from top to bottom as construction proceeds. It originated from New Austrian Tunneling methods and was first used in the 1970s for railroad and highway projects. Key components include nail bars, grout, centralizers, and shotcrete facing. Construction involves excavating, drilling nail holes, grouting nails, and building subsequent wall levels. Soil nailing is used to stabilize slopes, excavations, bridge abutments, and can be less disruptive and more economical than other retaining wall methods.
Chapter 1 PILE FOUNDATIONS
This document provides information about pile foundations, including:
- Piles transfer structural loads through weak soil layers into stronger soils and rocks below.
- Common types of piles include pre-cast concrete, cast-in-situ concrete (e.g. Raymond, MacArthur), steel, timber, and composite piles.
- Piles are selected based on factors like soil properties, loading conditions, costs, and availability of materials. Proper pile type and design are necessary to safely support structures.
Sub soil exploration
This document summarizes methods of sub-soil exploration for foundation engineering. It discusses various direct and indirect exploration techniques including pits, trenches, borings, percussion drilling, and electrical resistivity methods. Planning of exploration programs involves determining depth based on structure type and significant depth, as well as lateral spacing of bore holes. The objectives of exploration are to select foundations, determine bearing capacity, and investigate existing structures.
Trenchless technology
This document discusses trenchless technology methods for installing and rehabilitating underground infrastructure with minimal surface disruption. It describes various trenchless methods for new installation like microtunneling, horizontal directional drilling, and short drive systems. Rehabilitation methods discussed include pipe bursting, pipe eating, cured-in-place lining, slip lining, and localized spot repairs using materials like coatings, cement mortar, resins, and grout. The document outlines advantages such as speed, minimal environmental impact, and ability to install pipes under obstacles like rivers. Trenchless technology is gaining popularity in India for projects installing pipes below rivers and urgent sewer repairs.
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Pile Foundation for advanced construction equipments
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Null Bangalore | Pentesters Approach to AWS IAM
#Abstract:
- Learn more about the real-world methods for auditing AWS IAM (Identity and Access Management) as a pentester. So let us proceed with a brief discussion of IAM as well as some typical misconfigurations and their potential exploits in order to reinforce the understanding of IAM security best practices.
- Gain actionable insights into AWS IAM policies and roles, using hands on approach.
#Prerequisites:
- Basic understanding of AWS services and architecture
- Familiarity with cloud security concepts
- Experience using the AWS Management Console or AWS CLI.
- For hands on lab create account on [killercoda.com](https://killercoda.com/cloudsecurity-scenario/)
# Scenario Covered:
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- Objective: Show how overly permissive IAM roles can lead to privilege escalation.
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- Differentiation between PassRole vs AssumeRole
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Use PyCharm for remote debugging of WSL on a Windo cf5c162d672e4e58b4dde5d797...
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346260332-Under-Reamed-Piles-1-10-09.pptx
- 2. COMPLETED PILE SINGLE UNDER REAMED PILE D DU D DU 1.5 DU 350 TO 400 2D APPROX 350 TO 400 FOR BRACKET 2D 2000 Mtn 350 TO 400 FOR BRACKET 150 MIN 80 200 WIDTH OF WALL A B DOUBLE UNDER REAMED PILE A B
- 3. UNDER REAMED PILES : • Manually Bored Cast in Situ Shallow Depth Piles, 3m to 8m in length, 200mm to 500mm dia, with Single or Double Under Reams. • MERITS : 1. Easy to install, manual boring with simple equipment, can be worked with semi skilled labour, Hence economical. • DEMERIS : 1. Limited depth (3 to 8m) 2. Limited load carrying capacity (15 to 30 Tonne capacity), Hence can be adopted for small low rise bldgs.
- 4. Applications of UR piles : 1. For foundations of bldgs in Black Cotton Soils. 2. For foundations of bldgs in filled up soils. 3. As an alternate to ordinary Piles. 4. As Anchor (Tension) Piles.
- 5. UNDER REAMED PILES – APPLICATIONS : 1. IN BLACK COTTON SOILS : Primarily developed by CBRI, Roorkee as appropriate type of foundations for low rise buildings in Black Cotton Soils. These help to transfer loads to strata not affected by seasonal volumeteric changes in such soils, ( normally 2 to 3 m below ground level). 2. IN FILLED UP SOILS : Also adopted for building foundations in filled up soils where good firm soils may lie at shallow depths of 3 to 6 m below ground level, but top soil, being filled up, is not suitable for placing foundations.
- 6. UNDER REAMED PILES – APPLICATIONS (CONTD.) : 3. AS AN ALTERNATIVE TO NORMAL PILES : Recently, C.P. Kukreja & Associates have adopted U.R. Piles Foundations as an alternative to Normal Pile Foundations for some of their projects in Gurgaon (Example : 13 storeyed Resedential buildings for their Heritage City Project in Gurgaon). 4. AS TENSION PILES : under deep underground water tanks, under deep basements with high water table, and under Tall H.T. Electric Towers.
- 7. PROCEEDURE TO INSTALL UR PILES : 1. Make a bore hole with a manual auger. 2. Enlarge bore holes at locations of under ream bulb(s) with the help of collapsible blades. 3. Place reinf cage in the bore hole. 4. Place concreting by Tremie Pipes.
- 8. SAFE LOAD FOR VERTICAL BORED CAST-INSITU UNDER REAMED PILE IN SANDY AND CLAYEY SOILS INCLUDING BLACK COTTON SOILS Size Ø of pile (mm) L (m) Capacity (KN) Increase in cap per 30 cm length Decrease in capacity/30cm length SUR DUR SUR DUR SUR DUR SUR DUR 200 3.5 3.5 80 120 9 9 7 7 Up lift resistan ce ~ 50% of comprn . load capacit y 250 3.5 3.5 120 180 11.5 11.5 9 9 300 3.5 3.5 160 240 14 14 11 11 375 3.5 3.75 240 360 18 18 14 14 400 3.5 4.0 280 420 19 19 15 15 450 3.5 4.5 350 525 21.5 21.5 17 17 500 3.5 5.0 420 630 24 24 19 19 SUR = SINGLE UNDER – REAMED PILE SUR = DOUBLE UNDER – REAMED PILE
- 9. COMPLETED PILE SINGLE UNDER REAMED PILE D DU D DU 1.5 DU 350 TO 400 2D APPROX 350 TO 400 FOR BRACKET 2D 2000 Mtn 350 TO 400 FOR BRACKET 150 MIN 80 200 WIDTH OF WALL A B DOUBLE UNDER REAMED PILE A B
- 10. BORING THE PILE SHAFT IN GRANULAR SOIL USING TEMPORARY CASING AND SHELL STAGE – 1
- 11. REINFORCEMENT AND TREMIE TUBE INSERTED IN PILE SHAFT AT THE START OF THE CONCRETING OPERATION STAGE – 2 PLUG TREMIE TUBE REINFORCEMENT TEMPORARY CASING SLURRY
- 12. CONCRETING COMMENCED WITH WATER AND SILTY SLURR BEING DISPLACED STAGE – 3
- 13. WATER AND SLURRY DISCHARGING AS CONCRETING PROCEEDS STAGE – 4 NOTE :- CONCRETING DEEP PILES MAY BE FACILITATED BY EXTRACTING THE TEMPORARY CASING IN STAGES AND REMOVING THE TREMIE TUBE IN CONCRETE
- 14. WITHDRAWING TEMPORAY CASING STAGE – 5 NOTE :- CONCRETING DEEP PILES MAY BE FACILITATED BY EXTRACTING THE TEMPORARY CASING IN STAGES AND REMOVING THE TREMIE TUBE IN CONCRETE
- 15. COMPLETED PILE STAGE – 6 NOTE :- CONCRETING DEEP PILES MAY BE FACILITATED BY EXTRACTING THE TEMPORARY CASING IN STAGES AND REMOVING THE TREMIE TUBE IN CONCRETE
- 16. CASE STUDY OF A BLDG WITH UNDER REAMED PILE FOUNDATIONS
- 17. Case Study : Staff Quarters for FSL , Rohini, New Delhi – Under Reamed Pile Foundations • DATA : • No of Storeyes : 4 • Structural System : Load Bearing Brick Masonry Bldgs without Basement (Wall Thickness : 230mm, Bricks Masonry in GF : 230 – 10 – H2 (Bricks class : 10, Cement mortar : 1 : 4, Wall Tk : 230mm) • Sesimic Zone : 4 (Delhi), Imporance Factor : 1 (Residences) • (Bldg Strengthened for EQ Resistance as per IS: 4326 – 1976) • Storey Ht : 3m • Soil Strata at Site : Loose Filled up soil for top 2.5 to 3.5 m, Firm soil below • Foundations :Under Reamed Pile Foundations with RCC Pile caps, • Size, Type, • length and Capacity of Piles : 400 mm dia Bored Cast in Situ Single Under Reamed Piles, 8m long Capacity : 31 Tonnes (310KN) • Conc Mix for Piles and Pile Caps : M 25, Steel Reinf Grade : Fe 415
- 19. Showing location of under reamed piles, pile caps and grade beams
- 20. DETAILS OF A TYPICAL PILE CAP WITH SINGLE (ONE) PILE PILE CAP SIZE : 600mm x 600mm X 500 mm Thick Conc Mix for Piles and Piles Caps : M 25 Steel Reinf. Grade : Fe 415 Type of Piles : 400 mm dia Single Under Reamed Bored Cast in Situ Piles, Friction cum Bearing Piles Length of Piles : 8m Capacity of Piles : 31 Tonnes (310 KN)