The document outlines general requirements for conducting sensory evaluation of food, including establishing a proper testing environment, controlling sample preparation and presentation, selecting and training panelists, and choosing the appropriate sensory evaluation method to answer specific questions about differences between or preferences for food products. Sensory analysis requires a dedicated testing area with controlled conditions and separation of sample preparation, testing, and discussion areas, as well as consideration of panelist incentives, use of human subjects regulations, and panel types including consumers, laboratory experts, and trained assessors.
This seminar talks about what is sensory evaluation, types and needs for sensory evaluation. Quality control and quality assurance and the use of sensory evaluation in food industries. Minimum requirement and new developments in QC/Sensory program.
This seminar talks about what is sensory evaluation, types and needs for sensory evaluation. Quality control and quality assurance and the use of sensory evaluation in food industries. Minimum requirement and new developments in QC/Sensory program.
this ppt contains all drying method of egg powder and starter culture powder. the problems exist in manufacturing of it and what are the recent advances in it.
the types of sensory , training of sensory panelist and simple way to conduct the sensory evaluation for frozen products. how the sensory room should procedure to be followed during the sensory analysis
Descriptive analysis is an important part of sensory evaluation. It provides information about the qualitative as well as the quantitative evaluation of food and it is widely used for obtaining detailed description about the aroma, flavour and overall texture of the food product
Canning Equipments: Construction & WorkingAbdul Rehman
Comprises of detailed theory alongwith labelled diagram of equipments used in Canning of Fruits and Vegetables. The flow chart which illustrates numerous process carried out in Canning Fruits and Vegetables.
this ppt contains all drying method of egg powder and starter culture powder. the problems exist in manufacturing of it and what are the recent advances in it.
the types of sensory , training of sensory panelist and simple way to conduct the sensory evaluation for frozen products. how the sensory room should procedure to be followed during the sensory analysis
Descriptive analysis is an important part of sensory evaluation. It provides information about the qualitative as well as the quantitative evaluation of food and it is widely used for obtaining detailed description about the aroma, flavour and overall texture of the food product
Canning Equipments: Construction & WorkingAbdul Rehman
Comprises of detailed theory alongwith labelled diagram of equipments used in Canning of Fruits and Vegetables. The flow chart which illustrates numerous process carried out in Canning Fruits and Vegetables.
The Committee for the Purpose of Control and Supervision of Experiments on Animals (CPCSEA) was established under Section 15(1) of the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals Act 1960.
GLP is a quality system concerned with the organizational process and conditions under which non-clinical health and environmental safety studies are planned, performed, monitored, recorded, archived and reported. GLP principles include. Organization and Personnel. Management-Responsibilities.
A bioassay is an analytical method to determine the concentration or potency of a substance by its effect on living animals or plants, or on living cells or tissues. A bioassay can be either quantal or quantitative, direct or indirect.
A Research design is the framework or guide used for the planning, implementation and analysis of a study. It is a systematic plan of what is to be done, how it will be done and how the data will be analyzed
What is greenhouse gasses and how many gasses are there to affect the Earth.moosaasad1975
What are greenhouse gasses how they affect the earth and its environment what is the future of the environment and earth how the weather and the climate effects.
Nutraceutical market, scope and growth: Herbal drug technologyLokesh Patil
As consumer awareness of health and wellness rises, the nutraceutical market—which includes goods like functional meals, drinks, and dietary supplements that provide health advantages beyond basic nutrition—is growing significantly. As healthcare expenses rise, the population ages, and people want natural and preventative health solutions more and more, this industry is increasing quickly. Further driving market expansion are product formulation innovations and the use of cutting-edge technology for customized nutrition. With its worldwide reach, the nutraceutical industry is expected to keep growing and provide significant chances for research and investment in a number of categories, including vitamins, minerals, probiotics, and herbal supplements.
This presentation explores a brief idea about the structural and functional attributes of nucleotides, the structure and function of genetic materials along with the impact of UV rays and pH upon them.
Slide 1: Title Slide
Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Slide 2: Introduction to Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Definition: Extrachromosomal inheritance refers to the transmission of genetic material that is not found within the nucleus.
Key Components: Involves genes located in mitochondria, chloroplasts, and plasmids.
Slide 3: Mitochondrial Inheritance
Mitochondria: Organelles responsible for energy production.
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA): Circular DNA molecule found in mitochondria.
Inheritance Pattern: Maternally inherited, meaning it is passed from mothers to all their offspring.
Diseases: Examples include Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) and mitochondrial myopathy.
Slide 4: Chloroplast Inheritance
Chloroplasts: Organelles responsible for photosynthesis in plants.
Chloroplast DNA (cpDNA): Circular DNA molecule found in chloroplasts.
Inheritance Pattern: Often maternally inherited in most plants, but can vary in some species.
Examples: Variegation in plants, where leaf color patterns are determined by chloroplast DNA.
Slide 5: Plasmid Inheritance
Plasmids: Small, circular DNA molecules found in bacteria and some eukaryotes.
Features: Can carry antibiotic resistance genes and can be transferred between cells through processes like conjugation.
Significance: Important in biotechnology for gene cloning and genetic engineering.
Slide 6: Mechanisms of Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Non-Mendelian Patterns: Do not follow Mendel’s laws of inheritance.
Cytoplasmic Segregation: During cell division, organelles like mitochondria and chloroplasts are randomly distributed to daughter cells.
Heteroplasmy: Presence of more than one type of organellar genome within a cell, leading to variation in expression.
Slide 7: Examples of Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Four O’clock Plant (Mirabilis jalapa): Shows variegated leaves due to different cpDNA in leaf cells.
Petite Mutants in Yeast: Result from mutations in mitochondrial DNA affecting respiration.
Slide 8: Importance of Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Evolution: Provides insight into the evolution of eukaryotic cells.
Medicine: Understanding mitochondrial inheritance helps in diagnosing and treating mitochondrial diseases.
Agriculture: Chloroplast inheritance can be used in plant breeding and genetic modification.
Slide 9: Recent Research and Advances
Gene Editing: Techniques like CRISPR-Cas9 are being used to edit mitochondrial and chloroplast DNA.
Therapies: Development of mitochondrial replacement therapy (MRT) for preventing mitochondrial diseases.
Slide 10: Conclusion
Summary: Extrachromosomal inheritance involves the transmission of genetic material outside the nucleus and plays a crucial role in genetics, medicine, and biotechnology.
Future Directions: Continued research and technological advancements hold promise for new treatments and applications.
Slide 11: Questions and Discussion
Invite Audience: Open the floor for any questions or further discussion on the topic.
Seminar of U.V. Spectroscopy by SAMIR PANDASAMIR PANDA
Spectroscopy is a branch of science dealing the study of interaction of electromagnetic radiation with matter.
Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy refers to absorption spectroscopy or reflect spectroscopy in the UV-VIS spectral region.
Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy is an analytical method that can measure the amount of light received by the analyte.
(May 29th, 2024) Advancements in Intravital Microscopy- Insights for Preclini...Scintica Instrumentation
Intravital microscopy (IVM) is a powerful tool utilized to study cellular behavior over time and space in vivo. Much of our understanding of cell biology has been accomplished using various in vitro and ex vivo methods; however, these studies do not necessarily reflect the natural dynamics of biological processes. Unlike traditional cell culture or fixed tissue imaging, IVM allows for the ultra-fast high-resolution imaging of cellular processes over time and space and were studied in its natural environment. Real-time visualization of biological processes in the context of an intact organism helps maintain physiological relevance and provide insights into the progression of disease, response to treatments or developmental processes.
In this webinar we give an overview of advanced applications of the IVM system in preclinical research. IVIM technology is a provider of all-in-one intravital microscopy systems and solutions optimized for in vivo imaging of live animal models at sub-micron resolution. The system’s unique features and user-friendly software enables researchers to probe fast dynamic biological processes such as immune cell tracking, cell-cell interaction as well as vascularization and tumor metastasis with exceptional detail. This webinar will also give an overview of IVM being utilized in drug development, offering a view into the intricate interaction between drugs/nanoparticles and tissues in vivo and allows for the evaluation of therapeutic intervention in a variety of tissues and organs. This interdisciplinary collaboration continues to drive the advancements of novel therapeutic strategies.
1. General Requirements in Food
Sensory Evaluation
• Screening and selection of panelists
• Establishment of sensory panel
• Organisation of Sensory evaluation
3. 1. Environment/Area
• Sensory analysis requires a special testing area that is
kept constant throughout all tests and where
distractions are minimized and conditions are
controlled.
ü Eliminate of irrelevant odor or light stimulation
ü Eliminate of psychological distraction
ü Provide a comfortable work environment
4. 1. Environment/Area
• Preparation area
ü must permit preparation of
ü all the possible and foreseeable combinations
of test samples
ü separate from testing areas
5. 1. Environment/Area
• Preparation area:
ü bench, kitchen range, oven, etc.
ü refrigerator and freezer for storage samples
ü storage for glassware, dishes, glasses, tray
ü dishwashers, disposers, sink, etc.
7. 1. Environment/Area
• Testing area
① a quiet panel booth area
② a separate panel discussion area
③ a desk or office area
8.
9.
10.
11. 1. Environment/Area
• Others for an environment
ü separate entrance and exit areas for panelists, to prevent
unwanted exchange of information
ü color and light in the booths should be planned to permit
adequate viewing of sample
ü wall should be off-white
ü air condition at 22-24 °C, 45% RH
ü fluorescent lighting
12.
13. 2. Sample
• Control the early handling, the preparation, and the
presentation for each product
14. 2. Sample
• requires adequate suppliers and
equipment such as
1. Scale
2. Glassware
3. Timers
4. stainless steel equipments
• Preparation procedures?
16. 2. Sample
Sample presentation
• Order of sample presentation should be balanced or random.
• Codes: three-digit random numbers
17. 2. Sample
Order of presentation
• Order of presentation should be balanced so that each
sample appears in a given position an equal number of
times
• e.g., 3 products, A, B and C:
ABC - ACB - BCA - BAC - CBA – CAB
• Such a test should be set up with a number of panelists
of six, so as to permit presentation of the six possible
combinations an equal number of times.
18. 3. Panelists
• need carefully instruction with respect to
• the handling of samples
• the use of the score sheet
• the information sought in the test
19. 3. Panelists
1. Panel: A group of assessors who have been
selected or designated in some manner to
participate in a sensory test.
2. Panel leader : A person responsible for
organizing, conducting and directing a panel.
3. Panelist : A member of a panel
20. 3. Panalists
Panelist Considerations
• Incentives:
• usually necessary in order to motivate people to
volunteer
• Use of Human Subjects :
• Sensory specialists should be very aware of the
health and safety of their panelists.
21. 3. Panelists
There are four types of panelists
1. Consumer panel
2. Consumer-type panel
3. Laboratory panel
4. Trained panel
22. Institutional Review Board
(IRB)
• Ethics committee (IEC) or
• Ethical review board (ERB)
is a committee that has been formally designated
to approve, monitor, and review biomedical and
behavioral research involving humans with the
alleged aim to protect the rights and welfare of the
research subjects.
23. Institutional Review Board
(IRB)
• In the United States, Food and Drug Administration
(FDA) and Health and Human Services (HHS),
specifically Office of Human Research Protection
(OHRP), regulations have empowered IRBs to
approve, require modifications in (to secure approval),
or disapprove research. An IRB performs critical
oversight functions for research conducted on human
subjects that are scientific, ethical, and regulatory.
Institutional Review Board (IRB), Title 45 CFR (Code of Federal Regulations) Part 46.[1]
Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), Office of Human Research Protection
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29. 4. Method
• The primary concern of any sensory evaluation
specialist is to insure that the test method is
appropriate to answer the questions being
asked about the product in the test.
• For this reason, tests are usually classified
according to their primary purpose and most
valid use.
30. 4. Sensory Evaluation Methods
Questions Method
Are products different?
(formulation, technology, preservation, etc.)
Discrimination Tests
If products are different, how are they
different?
Descriptive analysis
What is the acceptability of a product? Is
one product preferred over another?
Affective/Hedonic/
Consumer Tests
Goal is to match the right test with the right question