Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common clinical arrhythmia and is associated with significant morbidity and increased mortality. To date, the mechanisms responsible for the new onset of AF are only partially understood and even less is known of the processes that underlie the progression from paroxysmal to persistent AF and influence the response to treatment. In the absence of therapeutic approaches targeting the signalling pathways involved in the substrate that supports AF, current management is mainly focussed on relieving symptoms and preventing embolic stroke. There is therefore a pressing need to deepen our understanding of the pathogenesis of AF and identify mechanisms that could be targeted by novel therapeutic interventions. Our work has shown that atrial NOX2 activity is an independent predictor of post-operative AF in patients undergoing cardiac surgery and that short-term statin therapy or ex-vivo incubation inhibits myocardial NOX2 activityin humans and suppresses AF induction in a mouse model of myocardial specific NOX2 overexpression. The impact of atrial NOX2 inhibition by statins on post-operative AF and perioperative irreversible myocardial damage is now being tested in a large randomised clinical trial (STatinsIn Cardiac Surgery (STICS),
Presentation on all the evaluation methods in animals for anti-aarhythmics. It includes in vivo and in vitro methods. I have explained Langendorffs technique in detail.
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common clinical arrhythmia and is associated with significant morbidity and increased mortality. To date, the mechanisms responsible for the new onset of AF are only partially understood and even less is known of the processes that underlie the progression from paroxysmal to persistent AF and influence the response to treatment. In the absence of therapeutic approaches targeting the signalling pathways involved in the substrate that supports AF, current management is mainly focussed on relieving symptoms and preventing embolic stroke. There is therefore a pressing need to deepen our understanding of the pathogenesis of AF and identify mechanisms that could be targeted by novel therapeutic interventions. Our work has shown that atrial NOX2 activity is an independent predictor of post-operative AF in patients undergoing cardiac surgery and that short-term statin therapy or ex-vivo incubation inhibits myocardial NOX2 activityin humans and suppresses AF induction in a mouse model of myocardial specific NOX2 overexpression. The impact of atrial NOX2 inhibition by statins on post-operative AF and perioperative irreversible myocardial damage is now being tested in a large randomised clinical trial (STatinsIn Cardiac Surgery (STICS),
Presentation on all the evaluation methods in animals for anti-aarhythmics. It includes in vivo and in vitro methods. I have explained Langendorffs technique in detail.
Introduction to therapeutic hypothermia for cardiopulmonary arrest after admission to the ICU
Edward Omron MD, MPH, FCCP
Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine
Morgan Hill, CA 95037
Introduction to therapeutic hypothermia for cardiopulmonary arrest after admission to the ICU
Edward Omron MD, MPH, FCCP
Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine
Morgan Hill, CA 95037
Heart Disease & Chest Pain Treatment At NT Cardiovascular Center Georgiamelvillejackson
http://www.ntcardiovascularcenter.com NT Cardiovascular Center providing latest cutting edge and comprehensive technology for heart disease, chest pain treatments, congestive heart failure, coronary artery disease monitoring, or any critical heart condition.
Title: Sense of Smell
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the primary categories of smells and the concept of odor blindness.
Explain the structure and location of the olfactory membrane and mucosa, including the types and roles of cells involved in olfaction.
Describe the pathway and mechanisms of olfactory signal transmission from the olfactory receptors to the brain.
Illustrate the biochemical cascade triggered by odorant binding to olfactory receptors, including the role of G-proteins and second messengers in generating an action potential.
Identify different types of olfactory disorders such as anosmia, hyposmia, hyperosmia, and dysosmia, including their potential causes.
Key Topics:
Olfactory Genes:
3% of the human genome accounts for olfactory genes.
400 genes for odorant receptors.
Olfactory Membrane:
Located in the superior part of the nasal cavity.
Medially: Folds downward along the superior septum.
Laterally: Folds over the superior turbinate and upper surface of the middle turbinate.
Total surface area: 5-10 square centimeters.
Olfactory Mucosa:
Olfactory Cells: Bipolar nerve cells derived from the CNS (100 million), with 4-25 olfactory cilia per cell.
Sustentacular Cells: Produce mucus and maintain ionic and molecular environment.
Basal Cells: Replace worn-out olfactory cells with an average lifespan of 1-2 months.
Bowman’s Gland: Secretes mucus.
Stimulation of Olfactory Cells:
Odorant dissolves in mucus and attaches to receptors on olfactory cilia.
Involves a cascade effect through G-proteins and second messengers, leading to depolarization and action potential generation in the olfactory nerve.
Quality of a Good Odorant:
Small (3-20 Carbon atoms), volatile, water-soluble, and lipid-soluble.
Facilitated by odorant-binding proteins in mucus.
Membrane Potential and Action Potential:
Resting membrane potential: -55mV.
Action potential frequency in the olfactory nerve increases with odorant strength.
Adaptation Towards the Sense of Smell:
Rapid adaptation within the first second, with further slow adaptation.
Psychological adaptation greater than receptor adaptation, involving feedback inhibition from the central nervous system.
Primary Sensations of Smell:
Camphoraceous, Musky, Floral, Pepperminty, Ethereal, Pungent, Putrid.
Odor Detection Threshold:
Examples: Hydrogen sulfide (0.0005 ppm), Methyl-mercaptan (0.002 ppm).
Some toxic substances are odorless at lethal concentrations.
Characteristics of Smell:
Odor blindness for single substances due to lack of appropriate receptor protein.
Behavioral and emotional influences of smell.
Transmission of Olfactory Signals:
From olfactory cells to glomeruli in the olfactory bulb, involving lateral inhibition.
Primitive, less old, and new olfactory systems with different path
Knee anatomy and clinical tests 2024.pdfvimalpl1234
This includes all relevant anatomy and clinical tests compiled from standard textbooks, Campbell,netter etc..It is comprehensive and best suited for orthopaedicians and orthopaedic residents.
NVBDCP.pptx Nation vector borne disease control programSapna Thakur
NVBDCP was launched in 2003-2004 . Vector-Borne Disease: Disease that results from an infection transmitted to humans and other animals by blood-feeding arthropods, such as mosquitoes, ticks, and fleas. Examples of vector-borne diseases include Dengue fever, West Nile Virus, Lyme disease, and malaria.
Flu Vaccine Alert in Bangalore Karnatakaaddon Scans
As flu season approaches, health officials in Bangalore, Karnataka, are urging residents to get their flu vaccinations. The seasonal flu, while common, can lead to severe health complications, particularly for vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and those with underlying health conditions.
Dr. Vidisha Kumari, a leading epidemiologist in Bangalore, emphasizes the importance of getting vaccinated. "The flu vaccine is our best defense against the influenza virus. It not only protects individuals but also helps prevent the spread of the virus in our communities," he says.
This year, the flu season is expected to coincide with a potential increase in other respiratory illnesses. The Karnataka Health Department has launched an awareness campaign highlighting the significance of flu vaccinations. They have set up multiple vaccination centers across Bangalore, making it convenient for residents to receive their shots.
To encourage widespread vaccination, the government is also collaborating with local schools, workplaces, and community centers to facilitate vaccination drives. Special attention is being given to ensuring that the vaccine is accessible to all, including marginalized communities who may have limited access to healthcare.
Residents are reminded that the flu vaccine is safe and effective. Common side effects are mild and may include soreness at the injection site, mild fever, or muscle aches. These side effects are generally short-lived and far less severe than the flu itself.
Healthcare providers are also stressing the importance of continuing COVID-19 precautions. Wearing masks, practicing good hand hygiene, and maintaining social distancing are still crucial, especially in crowded places.
Protect yourself and your loved ones by getting vaccinated. Together, we can help keep Bangalore healthy and safe this flu season. For more information on vaccination centers and schedules, residents can visit the Karnataka Health Department’s official website or follow their social media pages.
Stay informed, stay safe, and get your flu shot today!
Acute scrotum is a general term referring to an emergency condition affecting the contents or the wall of the scrotum.
There are a number of conditions that present acutely, predominantly with pain and/or swelling
A careful and detailed history and examination, and in some cases, investigations allow differentiation between these diagnoses. A prompt diagnosis is essential as the patient may require urgent surgical intervention
Testicular torsion refers to twisting of the spermatic cord, causing ischaemia of the testicle.
Testicular torsion results from inadequate fixation of the testis to the tunica vaginalis producing ischemia from reduced arterial inflow and venous outflow obstruction.
The prevalence of testicular torsion in adult patients hospitalized with acute scrotal pain is approximately 25 to 50 percent
Report Back from SGO 2024: What’s the Latest in Cervical Cancer?bkling
Are you curious about what’s new in cervical cancer research or unsure what the findings mean? Join Dr. Emily Ko, a gynecologic oncologist at Penn Medicine, to learn about the latest updates from the Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) 2024 Annual Meeting on Women’s Cancer. Dr. Ko will discuss what the research presented at the conference means for you and answer your questions about the new developments.
Tom Selleck Health: A Comprehensive Look at the Iconic Actor’s Wellness Journeygreendigital
Tom Selleck, an enduring figure in Hollywood. has captivated audiences for decades with his rugged charm, iconic moustache. and memorable roles in television and film. From his breakout role as Thomas Magnum in Magnum P.I. to his current portrayal of Frank Reagan in Blue Bloods. Selleck's career has spanned over 50 years. But beyond his professional achievements. fans have often been curious about Tom Selleck Health. especially as he has aged in the public eye.
Follow us on: Pinterest
Introduction
Many have been interested in Tom Selleck health. not only because of his enduring presence on screen but also because of the challenges. and lifestyle choices he has faced and made over the years. This article delves into the various aspects of Tom Selleck health. exploring his fitness regimen, diet, mental health. and the challenges he has encountered as he ages. We'll look at how he maintains his well-being. the health issues he has faced, and his approach to ageing .
Early Life and Career
Childhood and Athletic Beginnings
Tom Selleck was born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, and grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. From an early age, he was involved in sports, particularly basketball. which played a significant role in his physical development. His athletic pursuits continued into college. where he attended the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. This early involvement in sports laid a strong foundation for his physical health and disciplined lifestyle.
Transition to Acting
Selleck's transition from an athlete to an actor came with its physical demands. His first significant role in "Magnum P.I." required him to perform various stunts and maintain a fit appearance. This role, which he played from 1980 to 1988. necessitated a rigorous fitness routine to meet the show's demands. setting the stage for his long-term commitment to health and wellness.
Fitness Regimen
Workout Routine
Tom Selleck health and fitness regimen has evolved. adapting to his changing roles and age. During his "Magnum, P.I." days. Selleck's workouts were intense and focused on building and maintaining muscle mass. His routine included weightlifting, cardiovascular exercises. and specific training for the stunts he performed on the show.
Selleck adjusted his fitness routine as he aged to suit his body's needs. Today, his workouts focus on maintaining flexibility, strength, and cardiovascular health. He incorporates low-impact exercises such as swimming, walking, and light weightlifting. This balanced approach helps him stay fit without putting undue strain on his joints and muscles.
Importance of Flexibility and Mobility
In recent years, Selleck has emphasized the importance of flexibility and mobility in his fitness regimen. Understanding the natural decline in muscle mass and joint flexibility with age. he includes stretching and yoga in his routine. These practices help prevent injuries, improve posture, and maintain mobilit
New Drug Discovery and Development .....NEHA GUPTA
The "New Drug Discovery and Development" process involves the identification, design, testing, and manufacturing of novel pharmaceutical compounds with the aim of introducing new and improved treatments for various medical conditions. This comprehensive endeavor encompasses various stages, including target identification, preclinical studies, clinical trials, regulatory approval, and post-market surveillance. It involves multidisciplinary collaboration among scientists, researchers, clinicians, regulatory experts, and pharmaceutical companies to bring innovative therapies to market and address unmet medical needs.
Explore natural remedies for syphilis treatment in Singapore. Discover alternative therapies, herbal remedies, and lifestyle changes that may complement conventional treatments. Learn about holistic approaches to managing syphilis symptoms and supporting overall health.
2nd world congress on biomarker's and clinical research
1. THERAPEUTIC HYPOTHERMIA
FOR POSTRESUSCITATION
SYNDROME AND LACTATE
LEVELS
Sule AKIN, Assoc.Prof, MD
Baskent University School of Medicine
Anesthesiology and Critical Care Department
Adana - TURKEY
2nd World Congress on BIOMARKERS & CLINICAL RESEARCH
Baltimore, Maryland , USA. – 13 September 2011
13. • Ischemia and reperfusion syndrome
• Inflammatory response
• Coagulopathy
• Circulatory failure
• Adrenal dysfunction
Current Opinion in Crit Care. 2004
u
t
18. WHAT WILL WE DO
AFTER THE CRISIS
(CPR) ENDS?
POST CPR
INTENSIVE CARE
19. Common intensive care
protocols
Sedation and neuromuscular
blockade
Monitorisation Seizıre control and propylaxis
Early hemodynamic
optimisation
GLUCOSE control
Oxygenation Neuroprotection by drugs
Ventilation Adrenal dysfunction treatment
Circulatory support Renal failure management
Acute Coronary Syndrome
management
Infection control
PRS- TREATMENT STRATEGIES
20. Common intensive care
protocols
Sedation and neuromuscular
blockade
Monitorisation Seizıre control and prophylaxis
Early hemodynamic
optimisation
GLUCOSE control
Oxygenation Neuroprotection by drugs
Ventilation Adrenal dysfunction treatment
Circulatory support Renal failure management
Acute Coronary Syndrome
management
Infection control
PRS- TREATMENT STRATEGIES
21. THERAPEUTIC HYPOTHERMIA
Common intensive care
protocols
Sedation and neuromuscular
blockade
Monitorisation Seizıre control and propylaxis
Early hemodynamic
optimisation
GLUCOSE control
Oxygenation Neuroprotection by drugs
Ventilation Adrenal dysfunction treatment
Circulatory support Renal failure management
Acute Coronary Syndrome
management
Infection control
PRS- TREATMENT STRATEGIES
34. European Resuscitation Council Guidelines for Resuscitation
2010 Section 1. Executive summary
Jerry P. Nolana, Jasmeet Soarb, David A. Zidemanc, Dominique
Biarentd, Leo L. Bossaerte, Charles Deakinf, Rudolph W. Kosterg,
Jonathan Wyllieh, Bernd Böttigeri, on behalf of the ERC Guidelines
Writing Group1
Therapeutic Hypothermia
There is good evidence supporting the use of induced hypothermia in comatose survivors of out-of-
hospital cardiac arrest caused by VF. One randomised trial and a pseudorandomised trial669
demonstrated improved neurological outcome at hospital discharge or at 6 months in comatose patients
after out-of-hospital VF cardiac arrest. Cooling was initiated within minutes to hours after ROSC and a
temperature range of 32–34 ◦C was maintained for 12–24 h. Two studies with historical control groups
showed improvement in neurological outcome after therapeutic hypothermia for comatose survivors of
VF cardiac arrest. Extrapolation of these data to other cardiac arrests (e.g., other initial rhythms, in-
hospital arrests, paediatric patients) seems reasonable but is supported by only lower level data.
Out-of-hospital CPR, In –hospital CPR
VF, PVT, Asistoly, PEA
First 6 hours, 32-34 C
For 12-24 hours
42. MY CLINIC’S EXPERIENCE
• Lactate ;
• Retrospective investigation
• 63 resuscitated patient
• Group I (n=33) ; TH administered patients
for 24 hours (32-35 C)
• Grouıp II (n=30) ; No TH
A predictor of neurologic outcome?
43.
44. MY CLINIC’S EXPERIENCE
• Initial cardiac arres t rhythms
• ICU admission times
• Initial and after 24 hours Glasgow Coma
Scales (GCS) and Cerebral Performance
Categories (CPC)
• Lactate
• AST, ALT
• BUN, Creatinine
Levels at
1st, 3rd, 6th, 12th,
18th, 24th hours
45. Cerebral Performance Categories
(CPC) Scale
CPC 1 Good cerebral performance: conscious, alert, able to
work, might have mild neurologic or psychologic deficit.
CPC 2 Moderate cerebral disability: conscious, sufficient
cerebral function for independent activities of daily life. Able to
work in sheltered environment.
CPC 3 Severe cerebral disability: conscious, dependent on
others for daily support because of impaired brain function.
Ranges from ambulatory state to severe dementia or paralysis.
CPC 4 Coma or vegetative state: any degree of coma without
the presence of all brain death criteria. Unawareness, even if
appears awake (vegetative state) without interaction with
environment; may have spontaneous eye opening and
sleep/awake cycles. Cerebral unresponsiveness.
CPC 5 Brain death: apnea, areflexia, EEG silence, etc.
Safar P. Brain Failure and Resuscitation
Churchill Livingstone, New York, 1981; 155-184
50. MY CLINIC’S EXPERIENCE
• Significant decrease s in lactate levels on
targeted temperature times (6th hours) were
associated with good outcomes of
neurological status
(CPC 1 and CPC 2)
51. SUMMARY
POST RESUSCITATION SYNDROME is a problem caused
by ishemia-reperfusion injury after CPR
Besides “Intensive Care” protocols, THERAEPEUTIC
HYPOTHERMIA is one of the best strategy for PRS
TH does not only improve neurologic outcome but also
helps to cure other organ functions
LACTATE is recommended to follow up as a biomarker
of good neurologic outcome during TH for PRS
52. AT THE END OF THE WORDS…
THE TEAM OF CPR AND PRS
GETS UP ON STAGE…