Directories and folders are used to organize files in a file system hierarchy, with the root directory containing all other files and subdirectories. There are two types of links that can reference files - hard links have equal weighting and both names point directly to the data blocks, while symbolic links refer access back to the main file name through a file name table entry.

1. Operating Systems 2nd. Part

2. Directories Usually file systems have directories or folders to keep a record of files.

3. The simplest form of a directory system is to have a directory containing all the files. Sometimes, it's called the root directory.

4. Calls for File System Unix Open

5. Read

6. Write

7. Close