1. The document describes the process of laboratory remount, which involves correcting errors in occlusion that occurred during denture processing and restoring the correct vertical dimension and balanced occlusion. 2. Key steps include securing the dentures to articulator mounts, checking for changes in vertical dimension, equilibrating contacts in centric occlusion, and then excursions including working, balancing, and protrusive movements. 3. The goal is to develop simultaneous and balanced occlusal contacts throughout function using techniques like selective grinding of cusp inclines and fossae.

1. 28. Laboratory Remount
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2. 18. Laboratory Remount
Purpose:
1. To correct errors in occlusion that
have occurred during processing
2. To return dentures to the correct
vertical dimension of occlusion
3. To restore centric and bilateral
balanced occlusion

3. 18. Laboratory Remount
Purpose:
1. To correct errors in occlusion that
have occurred during processing
2. To return dentures to the correct
vertical dimension of occlusion
3. To restore centric and bilateral
balanced occlusion

4. Laboratory Remount
Instruments and Materials
 Processed dentures intact on master casts
 Articulator and plaster mountings
 Straight handpiece and acrylic burrs
 Quick setting plaster
 Plaster bowl and spatula
 Articulating paper
 Wax spatula

5. Lab remount – Lingualized Occlusion
The processed dentures are removed from the flasks.

6. Lab Remount – Lingualized Occlusion
Carefully inspect the plaster mountings and the
underside of the casts. Remove any stone
particles or debris before joining the two together

7. Lab Remount – Lingualized Occlusion
Place each cast on its plaster mounting and check that it
goes to place exactly. If the casts do not seat on the
mountings properly look for particles of plaster which may be
adhering to the mounting or the cast.

8. Lab Remount – Lingualized Occlusion
While performing the lab remount and equilibration procedure, the
master cast with the polymerized denture must be effectively secured to
the articulator mountings. Begin by placing notches in both the
mounting and the master cast with an acrylic burr.

9. Lab Remount – Lingualized Occlusion
Soak the cast and mountings in water for 5 minutes and add a
plaster paddy on each side as shown.

10. Lab Remount – Lingualized Occlusion
Zero
setting
• Begin by locking the centric latches
and make sure the pin is set at zero.
• Check the amount of pin opening that has
occurred secondary to processing. In this
case there was less than .1 mm of opening.

11. Lab Remount – Lingualized Occlusion
Inspection reveals only minimal tooth movement. The
pin opening following processing was less than .1 mm.

12. Lab Remount – Lingualized Occlusion
Begin equilibrating in centric
with the centric latches locked.
Tap the two members of the
articulator together with
articulating paper interposed
between.
The objective is to restore the
vertical dimension of occlusion to
the level achieved with the trial
denture and develop as many
occlusal contacts as possible in
centric.

13. Lab Remount – Lingualized Occlusion
Upon initial closure missing centric contacts were noted in
association with the first molars on the left and the second molars
on the right. Note the occlusal contact on the buccal incline of the
mesial buccal cusp of the left maxillary 2nd molar. This contact
should be eliminated.

14. Lab Remount – Lingualized Occlusion
These contacts were restored with selective grinding. All
of the grinding in this case was directed towards the
central fossae of the mandibular posterior teeth.

15. Lab Remount – Lingualized Occlusion
Following adjustment to restore centric and the VDO, some contacts
on the buccal inclines of the upper posterior teeth may be noted
(arrows). These should be removed. Only the lingual cusp tips of the
maxillary posterior teeth should be in contact in centric.

16. Lab Remount – Lingualized Occlusion
When you have finished equilibrating in centric there
should be no contact associated with the buccal cusps
of either the mandibular or the maxillary teeth, and the
incisal guide pin should contact the incisal guide table.

17. Lab Remount – Lingualized Occlusion
With the incisal guide pin at zero and in contact with the incisal guide
table, the vertical dimension of occlusion has been restored.

18. Lab Remount – Lingualized Occlusion
When the VDO has been restored, the denture is
examined in working, balancing and protrusive.

19. Lab Remount – Lingualized Occlusion
Working
Equilibrate in working,
balancing and protrusive.
In working excursion, the maxillary lingual cusps contact
the buccal inclines of the mandibular lingual cusps but the
maxillary buccal cusps are not in contact.

20. Lab Remount – Lingualized Occlusion
Lingual
Working side
Equilibrate in working,
balancing and protrusive.
Note the working Bucccal
side
contacts (ovals).

21. Lab Remount – Lingualized Occlusion
Lingual
Working side
Equilibrate in working,
balancing and protrusive.
Note the balancing Bucccal
side
contacts (ovals).

22. Lab Remount – Lingualized Occlusion
Balancing
In balancing, the maxillary lingual cusps contact the lingual
inclines of the mandibular cusps. When the exercise is
completed there should be simultaneous contacts on both
the working and balancing side during function.

23. Lab Remount – Lingualized Occlusion
Protrusive
Develop protrusive contacts as shown. Light contact of
the anterior teeth in protrusion enhances stability. Note
the contacts in the 2nd molar region.

24. Laboratory Remount – Monoplane Occlusion
Neutrocentric concept
The processed dentures are
removed from the flasks and secured to the
mountings as shown previously.
We are now ready to begin the
laboratory remount procedure.
The purpose of the laboratory
remount is to adjust the occlusion
to account for distortions that
occur during processing.

25. Laboratory Remount – Monoplane Occlusion
Neutrocentric concept
All of the teeth, with the
exception of the laterals
and the cuspids
(because of esthetic
considerations) should
be on the same plane
and there should be no
vertical overlap of the
anterior teeth.

26. Laboratory Remount – Monoplane Occlusion
Neutrocentric concept
Close examination reveals that there has been some
movement of the denture teeth during processing. Not
all the teeth are on the plane of occlusion.

27. Laboratory Remount – Monoplane Occlusion
Neutrocentric concept
With a piece of fine sand paper and a flat glass slab, sand the denture teeth so
that both the buccal and lingual surfaces of the posterior teeth and the incisal
edges of the central incisors touch the occlusal plane. In this setup note that the
cuspids and the laterals are slightly above the plane for esthetic purposes.

28. Laboratory Remount – Monoplane Occlusion
Neutrocentric concept
After this step all of the cusp tips of the posterior teeth, plus the
incisal surfaces of the central incisors are on the same plane.

29. Laboratory Remount – Monoplane Occlusion
Neutrocentric concept
Attach the maxillary cast and mounting to
the articulator. Make sure the incisal guide
pin is set at zero. Lock the condyles. Close
the articulator and note how much vertical
opening has occurred as a result of
processing.
Insert strips of articulating
paper between the teeth and
lightly tap them together in
centric occlusion. Premature
contacts will usually show up
as dark areas with a light
center.

30. Laboratory Remount – Monoplane Occlusion
Neutrocentric concept
When restoring the vertical dimension of occlusion of
dentures made with nonanatomic teeth make your
adjustments on the mandibular arch only. The heaviest
premature contacts show up as dark areas with light centers
(arrow). Grind on these areas first.

31. Restore the Vertical Dimension of Occlusion
Neutrocentric concept
Continue with this
procedure until the incisal
guide pin comes in
contact with the incisal
guide table. You have
now restored the vertical
dimension of occlusion.
•Flatten the occlusal plane of the mandibular arch without disturbing centric
contacts so that the flat occlusal surfaces of the mandibular arch contact the
flat surfaces of the maxillary arch.

32. Laboratory Remount – Monoplane Occlusion
Neutrocentric concept
When the exercise is
completed, all of the
teeth, with the
exception of the
maxillary laterals and
perhaps the cuspids
(because of esthetic
considerations) will be
on the same plane and
there will be no vertical
overlap of the anterior
teeth.

33. Lab Remount – Monoplane Occlusion
Bilateral balance with balancing ramps
With a piece of fine sand paper and a flat glass slab, sand the occlusal surfaces of
only the posterior teeth so that both the buccal and lingual surfaces of the posterior
teeth touch the occlusal plane. Note that the anterior teeth are not touched. To do
so would eliminate the vertical overlap and this must be maintained in order to
develop bilateral balance with the balancing ramps.

34. Lab Remount – Monoplane Occlusion
Bilateral balance with balancing ramps
When you are finished with this step, all the
posterior teeth should be on the same plane.

35. Laboratory Remount – Monoplane Occlusion
Bilateral balance with balancing ramps
Attach the casts and mountings to the
articulator. Make sure the incisal guide
pin is set at zero. Lock the condyles.
Close the articulator and note how much
vertical opening has occurred as a result
of processing. In this case there is
almost no pin opening.
Insert strips of articulating
paper between the teeth and
lightly tap them together in
centric occlusion. Premature
contacts will usually show up
as dark areas with a light
center.

36. Lab Remount – Monoplane Occlusion
Bilateral balance with balancing ramps
Equilibrate in centric first, as shown previously.

37. Lab Remount – Monoplane Occlusion
Bilateral balance with balancing ramps
Equilibrate in excursions
• Begin by inserting the appropriate protrusive insert.
Loosen the condylar locks.
• Next, tract the articulator through working, balancing
and protrusive. This is the working position.
In the posterior region
premature contacts will may be
seen on the lingual cusps of
the mandibular teeth. These
contacts must be removed.

38. Lab Remount – Monoplane Occlusion
Bilateral balance with balancing ramps
A successful result creates a tripod during excursions and
should result in maximum stabilization of the denture bases.
Protrusive Balancing Working
Upon completion the articulator should slide easily from working to
balancing to protrusive and back. There should be no bumps along
the road. If the contacts on the balancing ramps are insufficient they
may be supplemented with autopolymerizing acrylic resin.

39. Lab Remount –Anatomic Occlusion
Bilateral balance with balancing ramps
When the exercise is completed contacts will be seen on the anterior
teeth and the balancing ramps in lateral excursion.

40. Lab Remount –Anatomic Occlusion
Errors in Centric Occlusion and Their Correction
a) Pairs of opposing teeth too long , holding remaining teeth out of
occlusion. Solution: Fossae of the teeth in question are deepened .
The cusp tips should not be shortened.
b) The cusp tips of opposing teeth appear to be nearly tip to tip. Solution:
Grind on the inclines so as to move the upper cusp inclines buccally
and the lower cusp inclines lingually. In so doing the central fossae are
made broader, the lingual cusp of the upper teeth narrowed, and the
buccal cusp of the lower teeth are also narrowed. The cusp tips should
not be shortened.
c) Upper teeth too buccal in relation to the lower. Solution: Broaden the
central fossae, and the buccal cusps of the lower teeth are moved
buccally by broadening the central fossae. The cusp tips should not be
shortened.

41. Lab Remount – Anatomic Occlusion
Restore the vertical
dimension of occlusion.
With an acrylic burr and a slow speed handpiece remove
the occlusal prematurities until the pin is closed against
the incisal guide table(arrow). In this case their was almost
no pin opening.

42. Lab Remount –Anatomic Occlusion
Equilibrating in centric
Initially most prematurities are found in the posterior region. Confine your
initial reductions to cusp inclines, central fossae and marginal ridges. Avoid
the upper lingual and lower buccal cusp tips unless absolutely required in
order to reduce the incisal pin opening to zero.

43. Lab Remount –Anatomic Occlusion
Equilibrating in centric
Centric contacts are now appearing on most posterior teeth. If the
incisal guide pin is still open, you may need to grind on the cusp tips in
order to restore the vertical dimension of occlusion to the level
determined ideal for the patient during the trial denture appointment.

44. Equilibration in Centric
Equilibration in centric is
completed. The inicisal pin is
at zero and in contact with the
incisal guide table. The
vertical dimension has been
restored.
We are now ready to begin
equilibrating in working,
balancing and protrusive.
The first step is verify that
the appropriate protrusive
inserts have been placed.

45. Lab Remount –Anatomic Occlusion
Excursions
•Select and position the appropriate protrusive insert.

46. Lab Remount –Anatomic Occlusion
Equilibration in working
Most occlusal discrepancies found during
“working” and “balancing” can be
corrected by reducing premature contacts on
the buccal cusps of the maxillary teeth and
the lingual cusps of the mandibular
posterior teeth (non-centric holding cusps)
otherwise known as the rule of BULL
(buccals of the uppers and linguals of the
lowers).
a) Begin by the equilibrating the right working
side. Slide the articulator through right working with
articulating paper between the denture teeth. Begin
grinding by removing any contacts that are present
on the inclines of the lower right lingual cusps as
shown in the diagram (arrows).

47. Lab Remount –Anatomic Occlusion
Equilibration in working
b) Check the contacts on the buccal inclines
of the upper buccal cusps. During working,
they should all be about equal. If not, make
the appropriate adjustments
In this case
working
contacts on
the 2nd molar
are too light Working position
(red arrow).

48. Remount –Anatomic Occlusion
Equilibration in balancing
c) Slide the articulator through working
again and observe the contacts on the
balancing side, the lingual inclines of
the lower buccal cusps. Premature
balancing side contacts are reduced by
grinding on the lingual inclines of the
lower buccal cusps. If there are no
balancing side contacts, the working
side contacts should be reduced until
balancing side contacts appear.
Continue until working and balancing
contacts are about equal.
d) Repeat the same sequence on the opposite side

49. Equilibration in Protrusive
Equilibrate in protrusive. This may
require grinding of the anterior teeth as
shown and selective reduction of the
buccal inclines of the posterior teeth.
Protrusive position

50. Lab Remount – Anatomic Occlusion
Protrusive Working Balancing
Upon completion the articulator should slide easily from
working to balancing to protrusive and back. There should be
no bumps along the road.