The document discusses absolute value functions and their graphs. Absolute value functions have a V-shape and are symmetric about their axis of symmetry, which is a vertical line. They also have a single maximum or minimum point called a vertex. The general form of an absolute value function allows for translations, stretches, and compressions, with the stretch factor being |a| and the vertex located at (h, k). The axis of symmetry is the line x = h. Examples are provided of identifying the vertex and axis of symmetry from a given absolute value function, and writing the absolute value function equation from its graph.