Theme
"Turning Good Teachers to Great Innovation Leaders"
Objectives
To introduce Educators to the concept of Innovation Leadership in Education.
To equip Educators with Leadership skills needed in carrying out instructions and other school based tasks.
To help Educators develop their skills in Innovation.
Constructivism, modular curriculum, credit system, Information technology these all are the emerging trends in curriculum development. These trends should be given proper justice while developing curriculum. Educators should learn to work together with their students, and with other experts in creating content, and are able to tailor it to exactly what they need.
Constructivism, modular curriculum, credit system, Information technology these all are the emerging trends in curriculum development. These trends should be given proper justice while developing curriculum. Educators should learn to work together with their students, and with other experts in creating content, and are able to tailor it to exactly what they need.
Models of curriculum evaluation and application in educationalKoledafe Olawale
Curriculum can be defined as the planned and guided learning experiences and intended learning outcomes, formulated through the systematic reconstruction of knowledge and experiences, under the auspices of the school, for the learners’ continuous and willful growth in personal social competence (Tanner & Tanner, 1975)
Dealing with the 21st Century Teaching and Learning to produce Life long Learners to cope with current and future demand where Change is the only Constant now.
This presentation discusses the state of art of Innovation in Education and goes beyond technical advances to include the changing students and educational paradigms. It encompasses a wide range of sources- please feel free to email me if you have any questions.
Chapter 2: Philosophical Foundation of CurriculumShauna Martin
This presentation highlights information from Chapter 2: Philosophical Foundation of Curriculum from Curriculum: Foundations, Principles, and Issues by Allan C. Ornstein and Francis P. Hunkins. Highlighted here are the different educational philosophies and their unique impacts on education.
Innovation Leadership for Education 2017Timothy Wooi
Innovation Leadership and its formal preparation, the most recent focus in education reform to improve schools to serve all students well. Inter-institutional collaborations in program delivery and evaluation drives these new directions and forms of innovation.
Course Outline
Introduction
Innovation, Leadership, Innovation Leadership, Why Innovation Leadership in Education?
21st Century Shift in Leadership & Skills
Leading Innovation in Education
Innovation Leadership Checklist
The Future Of Innovative Education
Latest Trends in Leading Innovation in K12 Education
Nine Things That Will Change
Innovation
Innovation means first different, then better. It is a fundamentally different way of doing things with better, and perhaps different, outcomes.
Both the 'different' and the 'better' must be significant and substantial.
International Innovation Leadership with latest global educational trends. 2017Timothy Wooi
Introduction
Innovation, Leadership, Innovation Leadership, Why Innovation Leadership in Education?
21st Century Shift in Leadership & Skills
Leading Innovation in Education
7 Steps of Leading Innovation in Education
Innovation Leadership Checklist
The Future Of Innovative Education
Latest Trends in Leading Innovation in K12 Education
9 Things That Will Change
Models of curriculum evaluation and application in educationalKoledafe Olawale
Curriculum can be defined as the planned and guided learning experiences and intended learning outcomes, formulated through the systematic reconstruction of knowledge and experiences, under the auspices of the school, for the learners’ continuous and willful growth in personal social competence (Tanner & Tanner, 1975)
Dealing with the 21st Century Teaching and Learning to produce Life long Learners to cope with current and future demand where Change is the only Constant now.
This presentation discusses the state of art of Innovation in Education and goes beyond technical advances to include the changing students and educational paradigms. It encompasses a wide range of sources- please feel free to email me if you have any questions.
Chapter 2: Philosophical Foundation of CurriculumShauna Martin
This presentation highlights information from Chapter 2: Philosophical Foundation of Curriculum from Curriculum: Foundations, Principles, and Issues by Allan C. Ornstein and Francis P. Hunkins. Highlighted here are the different educational philosophies and their unique impacts on education.
Innovation Leadership for Education 2017Timothy Wooi
Innovation Leadership and its formal preparation, the most recent focus in education reform to improve schools to serve all students well. Inter-institutional collaborations in program delivery and evaluation drives these new directions and forms of innovation.
Course Outline
Introduction
Innovation, Leadership, Innovation Leadership, Why Innovation Leadership in Education?
21st Century Shift in Leadership & Skills
Leading Innovation in Education
Innovation Leadership Checklist
The Future Of Innovative Education
Latest Trends in Leading Innovation in K12 Education
Nine Things That Will Change
Innovation
Innovation means first different, then better. It is a fundamentally different way of doing things with better, and perhaps different, outcomes.
Both the 'different' and the 'better' must be significant and substantial.
International Innovation Leadership with latest global educational trends. 2017Timothy Wooi
Introduction
Innovation, Leadership, Innovation Leadership, Why Innovation Leadership in Education?
21st Century Shift in Leadership & Skills
Leading Innovation in Education
7 Steps of Leading Innovation in Education
Innovation Leadership Checklist
The Future Of Innovative Education
Latest Trends in Leading Innovation in K12 Education
9 Things That Will Change
Innovation Leadership in Education with 21st Century Skills,2017Timothy Wooi
Introduction
Innovation, Leadership, Innovation Leadership, Why Innovation Leadership in Education?
21st Century Shift in Leadership & Skills
Leading Innovation in Education
Innovation Leadership Checklist
The Future Of Innovative Education
Latest Trends in Leading Innovation in K12 Education
Nine Things That Will Change.
Unlike most educational policy, the focus is not focus on improving existing educational systems but on changing them altogether. Its focus is not on doing things better, but on doing better things; not on doing things right, but on doing the right things to prepare students for a fast changing interdependent world.
Innovation Leadership in Education Tacloban 11-13Mar2016Timothy Wooi
Innovation Leadership in Education- A technique that combines different leadership styles to influence to produce creative ideas, innovative products and servicesUnlike most educational policy, the focus is not focus on improving existing educational systems but on changing them altogether. Its focus is not on doing things better, but on doing better things; not on doing things right, but on doing the right things to prepare students for a fast changing interdependent world.
2019 International Trainings & Seminar -Innovation Leadership in EducationTimothy Wooi
Content
Concepts of Innovation Leadership
Innovation, Leadership, Why Innovation Leadership in Education?
Leadership Skills in Innovation
21st Century Shift in Leadership
Leading Innovation in Education
Innovation Leadership Checklist
Developing Skills in Innovation
The Future Of Innovative Education
Latest Trends in Leading Innovation in K12 Education
Nine Things That Will Change
INTERNATIONAL TRAINNG on Innovation in EducationTimothy Wooi
Course Content:
Innovation in Education
Concepts & Impact of Innovation in Education,
Why Innovation in Education
Innovation in various Educational System & Era.
21st Century Shift in Education
Teaching and Learning for 21st Century Skills and Literacy
21st Century Skills (The 7 C’s)
Innovative Teaching Strategies In The Classroom (8 Strategies to Embrace)
Innovative Ideas in School
New Trends in Teaching Innovation - 10 Ways
Helping Students learn New Skills through Innovation
Making Skills as important as Knowledge
Forming Teams – Using Thinking & Creative Tools
INNOVATION LEADERSHIP-Turning Great Teachers to Great Innovation LeadersTimothy Wooi
Innovation Leadership in Education, Daet, Camarines Norte 29Sep-1st Oct 2017
Theme
"Turning Good Teachers to Great Innovation Leaders"Objectives
To introduce Educators to the concept of Innovation Leadership in Education.
To equip Educators with Leadership skills needed in carrying out instructions and other school based tasks.
To help Educators develop their skills in Innovation.
New Trends & Modern approaches in EducationTimothy Wooi
Concepts & Impact of Education Innovation Innovation, Leadership, Why Innovation Leadership in Education? Innovation in Educational System & Era
21st Century Shift in Education
Leading Innovation in K12 Education.
Nine Things That Will Change
Bringing Innovation in Instruction, Innovation Leadership Checklist.
New Trends through Teaching Innovation - 10 Ways
Making Skills as important as Knowledge,
Forming Teams – Using Thinking & Creative Tools
An Innovation Leadership in Education shared to you to encourage Change in education with Innovation put in place. Its all about upgrading ourselves as Educators in the 21st Century skills to apply in the Teaching & Learning to birth lifelong learners able to cope in the 21st century workforce. 'If a student cannot learn the way we teach,maybe we should learn to teach the way the Learn'.
Leading Innovation in Education
A technique that combines different leadership styles to influence to produce creative ideas, innovative products, and services.
In recent years, schools have charted new approaches in leading Innovation by transforming :
Yourself, your Students and your School to cultivate the habits and mindsets of innovators, to open the floodgates of creativity and generate ideas that you can take with confidence.
Introduction: Leadership, Innovation and why Leading Innovation?
Course Outline
Becoming a 21st Century School/
District
Leading Innovation in Education
Project Based Learning: Leading
Edges of Innovation in Schools
Learning by Doing: Six Teacher’s Transitions Into PBL
Innovation leadership in Education 2015Timothy Wooi
Course Outline
Introduction
Leadership, Innovation and
Why Educational Innovation?
21st Century Teaching and learning
Innovation Leadership in Education
7 Steps to becoming an Innovative Leader
18 Steps to Better Educational
Innovation Leadership
(Advice from Christensen’s Innovator’s DNA)
Impactful Edtech: The role of evidence in education businessesSimon Breakspear
Edtech entrepreneurs need to focus on building a successful business AND improving student learning. This deck will help edtech entrepreneurs learn how to differentiate from the competition by proving their impact on positive learning outcomes.
Education and the essence of learning have shaped human beings and the society to where they stand today.
Had it not been for education, chances are we would still be living under the rocks.
EDUPRENEURS: Lessons from educational pioneers on how to lead future-focused ...Simon Breakspear
Do you think it is time for leaders to challenge the status quo, embrace fresh thinking and adapt for the future? The thinking and practices of educational leadership that have secured improvement in the past will not be sufficient for the challenges of the future. To keep pace with a rapidly shifting, globalised world, C21st educational leaders at all levels must adopt flexible mindsets and develop the competencies to make change happen. EDUpreneurship represents an action-oriented and solution-focused philosophy of educational leadership that seeks to break free from ‘schooling-as-usual’. As courageous leaders, at all levels, step into EDUpreneurship they seek to embrace change, think counter-intuitively and execute on innovative solutions to improve student learning.
Story of The Soldier Son Portrait who died to save othersTimothy Wooi
This is a great story of the Soldier Son Portrait.
A wealthy man and his son loved to collect rare works of art. They had everything in their collection, from Picasso to Raphael. They would often sit together and admire the great works of art. When the Vietnam conflict broke out, the son went to war. He was very courageous and died in battle while rescuing another soldier.
The father was notified and grieved deeply for his only son. About a month later, just before Christmas, There was a knock at the door.,,,,,,,,,,,......
MV Thailand Leadership Training 2023.pptTimothy Wooi
Servant Leadership Training, preparing Leaders to lead and serve God with a heart anchored on 12 key principles of Servant Leadership starting with the 12th key principles of Calling & Nurturing the Spirit.
Introduction to 21st Century Leadership & Change Management, Features of Innovative, Traits & Styles of Leadership
Servant Leadership Styles-The best way to Lead.
- How to become a Servant Leader
- 10 Principles of Servant Leadership
3. Faith Walk Leadership ‘Heart of a Leader’ (Ken Blanchard) building Relationship, Collaboration and Trust.
SEAIETI Online Educational Administration Practices with TQMTimothy Wooi
THEME:
Turning Great Teachers to Great Administrators with ‘TQM’
Course Content
Session1. Soft TQM
Quality Assurance and managing
Organizational Change
TQM and its Application in
School settings
Session2. Hard TQM
Tools and Techniques for Total
Quality Management
Steps in TQM Implementation
building the Dream School
Advanced Standards for Quality School Systems
Introducing ISO 9001 International Quality Assurance and Lean Six Sigma
Profesionalism in efficient customer serviceTimothy Wooi
Course Objectives:
To be exposed to the importance of Professionalism for excellent customer service in the digital era.
To benchmark excellent professional customer service attitude as the foundation of an excellent customer service strategy making lasting first impression to significantly impact business success.
To understand the definition and the importance of customer service quality, strategies and skills and to apply them in providing an excellent customer service with professionalism.
To understand the Principles of an efficient customer service skills with 21 examples to develop from.
Innovative Leadership in Education for the New Normal Timothy Wooi
Objective
To introduce Educators to the Concepts and Features of Innovative Leadership, preparation and effective practices.
Preparing Educators with Innovative Leadership characteristic and features applicable to practice, making a difference in School Improvement.
Developing successful Principals and Leaders to lead school with Innovative Leadership styles, building Relationship, Collaboration and Trust.
Leadership and the teaching and learning culture in the new normalTimothy Wooi
Session 1
Leadership for non Teaching Personnel to support Education in the Teaching and Learning culture in the New Normal.
Leadership Styles in the New Normal
1. Servant Leadership,
2. Transactional Leadership,
3. Emotional Leadership &
4. Transformational Leadership
Session 2
Introduction to Innovation & Innovation Leadership.
Innovation Leadership & Skills in the New Normal
Leading innovation practice in the New Normal
Introduction
Leadership of non Teaching staff in the School System and the Teaching and Learning culture in the New Normal are crucial and plays an important role to support the Educational Organization.
It explores organizational theories, models of theories, models of leadership & management, and personal & organizational change.
It bridges the theories to practical applications to support the Educational settings.
Communication & Interpersonal Skills at Multi Cultural WorkplaceTimothy Wooi
Course Objective
To set clear guidelines for effective communication and to consider the role of good interpersonal skills in the multicultural workplace by understanding:
different behavioral styles and learn to modify your behavior to achieve best results
how to stay present 'in the moment', 'listen for intent', and influence your listener positively
how to give and receive constructive feedback as a way to build better relationships
To demonstrate assertive behavior
how to communicate effectively when the stakes are high and you need to neutralize arguments effectively
To create individual action plans for ongoing personal development by making use of all of the above skills to ensure effective teamwork
Course Content
Interpersonal Skills
Introduction (Interaction & Person)
Importance of Interpersonal Skills
Communication in Interpersonal Skills
Tools in Interpersonal Skills
Verbal communication
Non-verbal communication
Listening skills
Negotiation
Problem-solving
Decision-making
Assertiveness
Emotional Quotion (EQ) with Interpersonal Skills
Integrating EQ to Interpersonal Skills to perform better at your workplace.
How can you develop your EQ skills to perform better at your workplace position?
Interpersonal Skills Workshop
Applying EQ to Address Your Workplace Challenges
The Seven Habits of Highly Effective People by Steven CoveyTimothy Wooi
Course Objective
Today more than ever we need to improve life and work
effectiveness. They represent a proven process of personal and interpersonal growth that can have an immediate and lasting impact.
The purpose of The 7 Habits of Highly Effective People ® is to help you lead your life in a truly effective way and thus, your organization to achieve greater productivity, improved communication, strengthened relationships, increased influence, and laser-like focus on critical priorities.
Contents
The 7 Habits
Independence
1- Be proactive
2- Begin with the end in mind
3- First things first
4- Think win-win
5- Seek first to understand, then
to be understood
6- Synergize
Continual improvement
7- Sharpen the Saw; Growth
Digital Workplace Leadership 3 sessionsTimothy Wooi
This is 3 Session course of Digital Leadership At Workplace with topics and sub topics as below.
Session 1
Digital Workplace Leadership
1. Introduction to Leadership in the Digital Age
2. Digital Workplace and its definition
3. Common misconceptions about Digital Workplace platform
4. Why do Organizations need a Digital Workplace
5. Improve employee experience by Digitally Transforming Your Workplace
6. The Future of Work Is the Digital Workplace
7. The 5 Pillars of a Digital Workplace Strategy
Session 2
5 Key Characteristics of Digital Leaders
1. Inspires others
2. Leverages technology
3. Encourages collaboration
4. Drives innovation
5. Manages risk
Session 3
Today's Top 8 Digital Leadership Skills
1. Digital Literacy
2. Digital Vision
3. Advocacy
4. Presence
5. Communication
6. Adaptability
7. Self-Awareness
8. Cultural Awareness
Kaizen in Education
In Education, the purpose of Kaizen should be very clearly stated and aligned with the strategic direction of the Educational Institution. Strategy must be a reflection of ‘customer value’ (value to student) as monitored through simplicity, quality, speed, cost, motivation, and growth measurements.
Introduction to Kaizen
Concept & Origin of Lean & Kaizen from Toyota Production System (TPS) and purpose of Kaizen.
The creation of a Kaizen Culture.
The Five Principles of Kaizen. (The Seven Steps Improvement Process)
4. Kaizen in Education.
5. Purpose of Kaizen & the strategic application in the Educational
Institution.
6. How to introduce Kaizen Principles in Education.
7. Kaizen in Teaching & Learning
Touraride Penang Downing Street to London Downing StreetTimothy Wooi
An Ultimate journey to ride to London started when Mr BK Lim who wanted to full fill his dream of a lifetime ie 'To ride to London Downing Street from Downing Street, Penang on just a small cc Bike. A couple heard of this and was interested to tag along. Mr BK Lim then invited 1 Biker and myself for a planning meeting at Touratech. Later another Biker called 2 more of his close friend to join and tag along with Mr BK Lim too. The group grew from 8 to 9 with a very elderly Biker joining to support Mr BK Lim.
During the ride, three Bikers (the Biker and his 2 close friend) would normally move on together on their own and would only join the team as when necessary.
At New Delhi before leaving AJANTA Hotel, Mr Lim briefed every on his engagement of a local Biker to guide everyone safely out of New Delhi till NH1 highway. Mr Lim asked a firm question of 'Are you all still with the team?', no one replied however after all of us reached the NH1 highway safely. Upon reaching the NH1 Highway,the couple and the 3 Bikers separate from the team riding off on their own ahead of us. The 4 member Team that is with Mr BK Lim as the Capt then continue the ride till Down Street London in full support of One for all and all for One.
Disruptive Pandemic School Leadership Management ShiftTimothy Wooi
COURSE CONTENT
Session 1.
1.Three ways the Covid19 Pandemic could reshape Education
Three trends that could hint future transformations:
i. Education - nudged and pushed to change leading to surprising innovations. The coronavirus pandemic has changed how millions around the globe are educated.
ii. Public-private educational partnerships could grow in importance New solutions for education bringing much needed innovation.
iii. Widening the Digital Divide The digital divide with new shifts in education approaches to widen equality gaps.
Session 2.
3. Transforming teaching-learning process from a teaching culture to a leaning culture i. What is school culture and how does it impact on learning?
Activity 1: Identifying examples of positive school culture
ii Styles of school leadership (Case Study 1: Four school leaders with different styles)
Activity 2: Leadership Styles
Activity 3: The role of leadership in determining school culture
iii Identifying and analyzing the culture in your school
Activity 4: Gathering evidence of the current school culture
Activity 5: Working with the team to identify areas for team improvement
iv. Developing a positive shared culture
Activity 6: Engaging with Stake Holders
Activity 7:Team review of your finding so far
Activity 8: Plan of action
Waste Management & Recycle based on the 3R'sTimothy Wooi
Contents
1. Introduction of Waste Management (WM)
2. Integrated solid waste management (SWM) – Problems and issues
3. Government initiatives and milestones
4. Management strategies
5.Waste minimization in Malaysia
6. Barriers to 3R implementation
7. Tips for effective practice of 3R’s
8. Conclusion
Introduction
Implication of IR4.0 to Teaching covers the 4th Industrial Revolution (IR4.0), the Emerging Technologies, the types of Skills required for IR4.0 and…
…The role of the Education Sector in response & preparation to teach Students for future changes in skills and work.
Contents:
1. Industry 4.0, & the Emerging Technologies
2. Students Have Technology-
Driven Expectations
3. Type of Skills needed for IR4.0
4. Education Is Getting Personal
5. IoT Is Taking Over
6. Role of the Education Sector in
response & preparation for IR4.0
The eight-discipline (8D) Approach to Problem-Solving is a systematic approach to problem-solving & documenting of results, developed by Ford Motor Co. It is an essential step to process improvement.
The 8D method provides you with an in-depth understanding of analyzing problems to identify the root causes.
This workshop provides you with a working knowledge of 8D effective root cause analysis and tools to address non conformity.
It will strengthen your understanding on;
what is 8D,
why Apply 8D,
when to Apply 8D &
how to Apply 8D at work.
‘Service Excellence at Workplace and organizations’ is a management strategy for success towards excellence with total customer satisfaction.
Discover how these organizations achieved workplace excellence and put these strategies and best practices into action within your organization.
My Teacher Shamed me when I could not readTimothy Wooi
Anthony Hamilton, a writer who lives in Hayward, California.
He is the author of several books, including;
The Autobiography of ‘Strong Child and Shattered Lives’.
Industry 4.0 (IR4.0) & Teaching New Trends in Education with HOTS.Timothy Wooi
Objectives
The main objective of the seminar is to understand how Educational sector can respond to and prepare for educating the 4th Industrial Revolution;
using technological strategies of CHANGE in skills & work,
To prepare Students to be competitive & current to fit in the emerging 4th Industrial Revolution Workforce.
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
How to Create Map Views in the Odoo 17 ERPCeline George
The map views are useful for providing a geographical representation of data. They allow users to visualize and analyze the data in a more intuitive manner.
4. Principal Consultant for Lean Management.
Certified ‘Train the Trainer’ & Kaizen
Specialist with 30 over years working
experience.
Provides Technical Consulting Services on
Lean, Kaizen & 21st Century Manufacturing.
An Innovative Engineer that innovates by
Recycling & Reusing Idle resources to
promote Green.
Founder of Tim’s Waterfuel an alternative
fuel supplement using Water to add power
& reduce Co2 emission on automobiles.
Rode 24 Countries, 18,290km,4 months 11
days 6 3/4 hrs from Malaysia to London on
just a 125 cc.
Timothy Wooi
Add: 20C, Taman Bahagia, 06000,
Jitra, Kedah
Email: timothywooi2@gmail.com
H/p: +6019 4514007 (Malaysia)
5. Objectives
To introduce Educators to the
concept of Innovation
Leadership in Education.
To equip Educators with
Leadership skills needed in
carrying out instructions and
other school based tasks.
To help Educators develop their
skills in Innovation.
Theme
"Turning Good Teachers to Great Innovation
Leaders"
6. Concepts & Impact of Education Innovation
Innovation, Leadership, Why Innovation
Leadership in Education?
Innovation in Educational System & Era
21st Century Shift in Education
Leading Innovation in K12 Education
Nine Things That Will Change
Bringing Innovation in Instruction
Innovation Leadership Checklist
Content
New Trends through Teaching Innovation - 10 Ways
Making Skills as important as Knowledge
Forming Teams – Using Thinking & Creative Tools
7. Innovation
Innovation means first different,
then better.
It is a fundamentally different
way of doing things with better,
and different outcomes.
Both the 'different' and the
'better' must be significant and
substantial.
9. When it comes to education,
what does the word Innovation
means to you?
10. “Innovation in education should be defined as
making it easier for teachers and students to
do the things THEY want to do.
These are the innovations that succeed, scale and sustain.”
– Rob Abel, USA
Innovation in Education
11. Educators need to think of innovation as those
actions that significantly challenge key
assumptions about schools and the way they
operate.
Innovation in Education
13. What ideas have you pick up from above Video of
Launching Innovation in Schools?
Participation Certificate Question?
1. Bringing People together around ideas they
care about.
2. Refining a Vision and getting to work.
3. Working together through Ups & Downs
4. Measuring Progress & Adjusting
1……
2……
3……
4……
14. Driving Innovation and Collaboration
-helps your organization
become
- successful in identifying new
ideas, implementing and
integrating them into
operations.
You must engrain this cycle into the DNA of your
organization.
15. Innovations – commonly thought of as new and game
changing. However many innovations are merely
improvements on something that already exists.
Its important to create a
culture of innovation
within your organization,
- which means,
supporting productive
failure.
16. Principals, make more visible
their risks, failures and their
learning from failure, to better
model these practices.
“The most essential part of
creativity is not being afraid to
Fall”.
Model your risk taking and your learning from failure.
Mistakes are nothing to be ashamed of for Innovators and
Innovative Organization. Its an expected cost of doing
business.
‘You do enough new things and you’re going to bet wrong,’
says Jeff Bezos.”
17. Huge improvements made by charter schools and
organizations in traditional outcomes for students,
most are not new or different.
Many of the proposed
improvements in
teacher education &
evaluation, student
assessment, and
school design in
traditional public
schools do not seem
to be novel.
18. ‘We need
solutions that
are both
different and
better.’
Yet the challenges in improving learning and life
outcomes require true Innovation.
As Washor states,
19. If we redesign schools to get better results on
20th-century outcomes, our students will be poorly
served.
22. Blink . . ten years pass by. It’s now 2019 end!.
Complexity is the daily norm, and CHANGE the only constant.
Opportunities, problems and grand challenges abound.
A brand new generation of
institutional leaders is taking the
reins. The world has continued to
shrink and is much smaller.
Technology continued an
unabated, unchecked progression;
what is now futuristic has become
commonplace.
23. The reason for education
is simple and straight
forward that is:
Education
- process of facilitating learning, transferring
knowledge, skills, values, beliefs, and habits to
others, through….. storytelling, discussion,
teaching, training, or research.
- to prepare students,
predominantly young
adults, for future
success.
24. Effective school leaders need to consciously
support innovation and keep a focus on changing
education landscape as it moves into the future.
The focus is not on improving
existing educational systems but on
changing them altogether.
Its focus is not on doing things
better, but on doing better things;
not on doing things right, but on
doing the right things to prepare
students for a fast changing
interdependent world.
28. or, Should we play it safe and have them
attend schools that look like the schools we
attended 30 years ago and our parents 60 years
ago and grandparents, 90 years ago?
Is it better for students to be involved in innovative
practices and participate in highly effective
programs?
Currently, most schools are not much
different than the one our grandparents
attended in the 1920s!.
29. Take 5!
Recent Trends in K-12 Education
Some say that this change has been a
long time coming.
There is an analogy that uses fairy
tale character Rip van Winkle to
describe this;
30. Near to the town, in a small cottage, lived Rip
Van Winkle, known to all as a harmless,
drinking, shiftless lout, who never would work..,
but roamed about,
always ready with
jest and song-Idling,
tippling all day long.
31. He was a character in
a Washington Irving
short story who went to
sleep before the
American War of
Independence.
He went to sleep to run away from his nagging
wife, and woke up to find that his wife had
died,...
32. He woke up twenty years later, after the
war and found himself in an independent
USA.
33. Recent Trends in K-12 Education
Rip van Winkle has just woken up from his 100
year slumber and stares in amazement about
how much everything has changed in the time
that he was asleep,
He almost did
not recognize
anything, until he
went into a
classroom.
34. Recent Trends in K-12 Education
…. nothing much
has changed in
the K-12
educational system
since he fell asleep
in 1919.
When Rip van Winkle went to a classroom,
he recognized immediately that it was a
classroom because…..
36. Innovation in Education
A technique that combines different leadership styles to
influence to produce creative ideas, innovative products
and services.
In recent years, schools have
charted new approaches in leading
Innovation by transforming :
Yourself, your Students and your
School to cultivate the habits and
mindsets of innovators, to open
the floodgates of creativity and
generate ideas that you can take
with confidence.
Dr. David Gliddon (2006) developed the competency model of innovation leaders and
established the concept of innovation leadership at Penn State University.
38. What Can You Do to lead
Innovation in Your School, and…
...What are we doing
to do more of and
become better at…
39. What makes some individuals, and organizations
they lead, more innovative than others?
They ask provocative
questions that
challenge the status
quo.
They observe the
world like
anthropologists to
detect new ways of
doing things.
40. Three key elements that consistently drive
innovation in Leadership (what we call the 3Ps)
are;
People,
Processes, and
Philosophies
Innovative School leadership
that makes some individuals, and the people they
lead, more innovative than others.
42. Entrepreneurs, inventors, and other innovators
around the world created and sustained high-
performing cultures of innovation by;
building their;
people,
processes and
philosophies
around five fundamental
“discovery skills”- Five
Core Skills of Innovators
Five Core Skills of Innovators
44. “Nearly two-thirds (63 percent)
of school administrators who
responded to a recent survey
said 1:1 computing classrooms
where teachers act as a coach
for students are the future of
education.” (T.H.E Journal)
Heidi Hayes Jacobs:
”If you’re not updating your curriculum,
you are saying that nothing is changing.”
21st Century Shift in Education & Skills
45. “Innovative teaching supports students’ development
of the skills that will help them thrive in future life and
work.” (IT Research)
21st Century Shift in Education & Skills
46. 21st Century Careers
A need to keep yourself current, resilient through continuous
learning, as well as connected to your values is the career of
the 21st century.
All about CHANGE, in our
-thinking, -strategies &
-behaviors to those that
work in the new ever-
changing & challenging
environment to meet the
challenges of the times.
21st Century Shift in Education & Skills
47. The 21st century shift- Innovative Thinking
-a new call, a shift from 20th
century of traditional view
of organizational practices,
which discouraged
employee innovative
behaviors to:-
- valuing innovative thinking
as a “potentially powerful
influence on organizational
performance”.
21st Century Shift in Education & Skills
48. CHANGE
The only Constant that stays in
today’s era. To stay competitive,
-manage the present and plan the
future.
Without Change for the better
(Kaizen), there will be no
Continuous Improvement to be
Competitive in the current Global
competition.
IMPROVEMENT
WITHOUT
ENDING
21st Century Shift in Education & Skills
50. 21st Century Skills
The ability to adapt and change to use these
new tools has become even more important.
Educators often
hear the phrase
“21st Century
Teaching and
Learning. It
means (the new
“ 5C’s” of
Education)
21st Century Shift in Education & Skills
52. 21st Century Skills
As technology becomes more integral in our lives and in
order to adapt, we need to teach students to use technology;
efficiently & effectively, ethically, appropriately and
respectfully to solve problems, and think creatively.
21st Century Shift in Education & Skills
53. Creativity and Innovation
Critical thinking, problem solving, decision-making
Learning to learn, meta-cognition (knowledge about
cognitive processes)
21st Century Skills -Ways of Thinking
21st Century Shift in Education & Skills
55. Information literacy
Information and Communication
Technology (ITC) Literacy
21st Century Skills -Tools for Working
21st Century Shift in Education & Skills
56. Citizenship –local & global
Life and career
Personal & social responsibility –including
cultural awareness & competence
21st Century Skills - Living in the World
21st Century Shift in Education & Skills
58. Give the GIFT OF EDUCATION to children who want
to change their world and ours!
It doesn’t cost
you extra and
after all you
have been paid
to do so.
Change a life.
Change yours.
59. Current problems and circumstances are so complex,
they don’t fit previous patterns now.
We don’t
recognize the
situation and
can’t
automatically
know what to
do.
21st Century Shift in Education & Skills
60. To make effective sense of
unfamiliar situations and
complex challenges, we
must have a grasp of the
whole situation, its
variables, unknowns and
mysterious forces.
What worked before doesn’t work today.
This requires skills beyond everyday analysis.
It requires Innovation in Education.
Leading Innovation in K12 Education
61. Consider the 5C's.
CRITICAL THINKING
COMMUNICATE
COLLABORATE
COMMUNICATE &
CONNECT
‘If a Child can’t learn the way we teach, maybe
we should ‘teach the way they learn’.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Leading Innovation in K12 Education
62. To‘teach the way they learn’ requires innovation
in education incorporating 21st Century Skills &
new teaching methodology.
64. Latest Trends in leading Innovation in K-12
Education
Thankfully, educators are starting to change with
the times.
The trend in K-12
education these days is
that learning institutions
should try their best to
keep up with the recent
advances in technology to
better teach their students.
Leading Innovation in K12 Education
65. As technology is rapidly changing the world
around us, many people worry that
technology will replace human intelligence.
Some educators worry that
there will be no students to
teach anymore in the near
future as technology might
take over a lot of tasks and
abilities that we have been
teaching our students for
decades.
Leading Innovation in K12 Education
66. Here are 9 things that will shape the future
of education during the next 20 years.
The thing is: Education will never disappear. It will
just take up different forms.
1. Diverse time and place.
2. Personalized learning.
3. Free choice.
4. Project based.
5. Field experience.
6. Data interpretation.
7. Exams will change completely.
8. Student ownership.
9. Mentoring will become more
important.
Leading Innovation in K12 Education
67. Students will have more opportunities to learn
at different times in different places.
eLearning tools facilitate opportunities for
remote, self-paced learning.
1.Diverse time and place.
Classrooms will be flipped,
which means the
theoretical part is learned
outside the classroom,
whereas the practical part
shall be taught face to face,
interactively.
68. 2. Personalized learning.
Students will learn with study tools that adapt to
the capabilities of a student.
This means above
average students shall
be challenged with
harder tasks and
questions when a
certain level is
achieved.
69. 2. Personalized learning.
This can result in to positive learning experiences
and will diminish the amount of students losing
confidence about their academic abilities.
Furthermore, teachers
will be able to see clearly
which students need
help in which areas.
70. 2. Personalized learning.
Students who experience difficulties with a subject
will get the opportunity to practice more until they
reach the required level.
Students will be
positively reinforced
during their individual
learning processes.
71. Equality vs Equity in the Digital gap.
If Equality means
giving everyone
the same
resources,
Equity means giving
each student access
to the resources they
need to learn and
thrive.
74. 3.Free choice.
Though every subject that is taught aims for the
same destination, the road leading towards that
destination can vary per student.
Similarly to the
personalized learning
experience, students will
be able to modify their
learning process with
tools they feel are
necessary for them.
75. 3.Free choice.
Students will learn with different devices, different
programs and techniques based on their own
preference.
Blended learning,
flipped classrooms
and BYOD (Bring Your
Own Device) form
important terminology
within this change.
76. 4. Project based.
As careers are adapting to the future freelance
economy, students of today will adapt to project
based learning and working.
This means they
have to learn how
to apply their skills
in shorter terms to a
variety of situations.
77. 4. Project based.
Students should already get acquainted with
project based learning in high school.
This is when
organizational,
collaborative, and time
management skills can
be taught as basics
that every student can
use in their further
academic careers.
78. Projects can show students how diverse disciplines as
English, Science and Math are interrelated - can be
developed to accommodate almost any curriculum.
For example,
A science teacher builds an
Electrolyzer with the students to
demonstrate Electrolysis of water to
its gases form. They learned all the
skills of the built they were engaged
in the process.
They enjoyed the build of the project and gained confidence in
their abilities.
PBL: Leading Innovation in Schools
79. Application of PBL leading Innovation in
everyday life going Green.
PBL: Leading Innovation in Schools
81. 5. Field experience.
Because technology can facilitate more efficiency
in certain domains, curricula will make room for
skills that solely require human knowledge and
face-to-face interaction. Thus,
experience in
‘the field’ will be
emphasized
within courses.
82. 5. Field experience.
Schools will provide more opportunities for students
to obtain real-world skills that are representative to
their jobs.
This means curricula will
create more room for
students to fulfill
internships, mentoring
projects and
collaboration projects
(e.g.).
83. 6. Data interpretation.
Computers will soon take care of every statistical
analysis, and describe and analyze data and
predict future trends.
Therefore, the human
interpretation of these
data will become a
much more important
part of the future
curricula.
84. 6. Data interpretation.
Though mathematics is considered one of three
literacy, it is without a
doubt that the
manual part of
this literacy will
become
irrelevant in the
near future.
85. 6. Data interpretation.
Applying the theoretical
knowledge to numbers,
and using human
reasoning to infer logic
and trends from these
data will be the norm.
Data interpretation will become a fundamental new
aspect of this literacy.
86. 7. Exams will change completely.
As courseware platforms will assess students
capabilities at each step, measuring their
competencies through Q&A might become irrelevant,
or might not suffice.
Many argue that
exams are now
designed in such a
way, that students
cram their materials,
and forget the next
day.
87. 7. Exams will change completely.
Educators worry that exams might not validly
measure what students should be capable of when
they enter their first job.
As the factual
knowledge of a student
can be measured during
their learning process,
the application of their
knowledge is best tested
when they work on
projects in the field.
88. 8. Student ownership.
Students will become more and more involved in
forming their curricula.
Maintaining a curriculum
that is contemporary, up-
to-date and useful is only
realistic when
professionals as well as
‘youngsters’ are involved.
89. 8. Student ownership.
Critical input
from students
on the content
and durability of
their courses is
a must for an
all-embracing
study program.
90. 9. Mentoring will become more important.
In 20 years, students will incorporate so much
independence into their learning process,
that mentoring
will become
fundamental to
student success.
91. 9. Mentoring will become more important.
Though the future of
education seems
remote, the teacher
and educational
institution are vital to
academic
performance.
Teachers will form a central point in the jungle of
information that our students will be paving their
way through performance.
92.
93. An Innovative Teacher’s primary function is to help
students solve problems with Creativity, Innovation
and Creative Thinking.
94. Remember the ‘good’ old school punishment- holding
the earlobes with arms crossed over your chest, bend
the knees to sit and then stand repeated times?
Take 5! ‘Ketuk Ketampi’
Ever thought why the
school teachers would
give this unique
punishment? In Malaysia
it is called Ketuk Ketampi.
There is a reason…….
95. This is the ancient method of increasing memory
power widely and diligently used by the Europeans
now after a scientific research was done.
It synchronizes both sides
of the brain to improve
neural function and
stimulates neural pathways
via acupressure points in
the earlobe to sharpens
intelligence.
Take 5! ‘Ketuk Ketampi’
97. Here are ten ideas from Thom Markham a PhD.,
psychologist and school redesign consultant who assists
Teachers in designing high quality, rigorous projects with
21st century skills and the principles of youth development.
An Innovative author of
the Project Based
Learning Design and
Coaching Guide:
Expert tools for
innovation and inquiry
for k-12 teachers.
98. Ten Ways to Teach Innovation by Thom Markham
1.Teach concepts, not facts.
2. Move from projects to Project Based
Learning.
3. Distinguish concepts from critical
information.
4. Make skills as important as knowledge.
5. Form teams, not groups.
6.Use thinking tools.
7. Use creativity tools.
8. Reward discovery.
9. Make reflection part of the lesson.
10. Be innovative yourself.
99. Concept-based instruction overcomes the fact-
based, rote-oriented nature of standardized
curriculum.
1.Teach concepts, not facts.
If your curriculum is not
organized
conceptually, use your
own knowledge and
resources to teach
ideas and deep
understanding, not
test items.
100.
101. Most teachers have done projects, but the majority
do not use the defined set of methods associated
with high-quality PBL.
2. Move from projects to Project Based Learning.
These methods
include developing a
focused question,
using solid, well
crafted performance
assessments.
102.
103. multiple solutions,
enlisting community
resources, and
choosing engaging
meaningful themes
for projects.
PBL should combine inquiry with accountability,
and should be part of every teacher’s repertoire,
allowing;
104.
105. Project based Learning
As students get acquainted with project based
learning in high school;
Organizational,
collaborative, and
time management
skills can be taught
as basics that every
student can use in
their further
academic careers.
107. Together they team up to build
an Electrolyser and discussed
ideas and possibility of using
the concept in an Innovation.
The students enjoyed the
recognition of their ideas
gained confidence in their
abilities.
For example,
A science teacher teaches the concept of Electrolysis of water
and challenged the students to apply the concepts to Innovate.
110. Preparing students for tests is part of the job. But
they need information for a more important reason.
3. Distinguish Concepts from Critical Information.
111. 3. Distinguish concepts from critical information.
To innovate, they need to know something. The
craft precedes the art. Find the right blend between
open-ended inquiry and direct instruction.
113. Innovation and 21st century skills are closely
related. Choose several 21st century skills to focus
on throughout the year.
4. Make skills as important as knowledge.
Incorporate them into
lessons with detailed rubrics to assess and grade
the skills.
114.
115.
116. Innovation now emerges from teams and networks
and we can teach students to work collectively and
become better collective thinkers. Group work is
common, but team work is rare.
5. Form teams, not groups.
117. Some tips: Use specific methods to form teams;
Assess teamwork
and work ethic;
facilitate high
quality interaction
through protocols
and critique
118. Important Factors to Consider in Team Formation
Consist of 1 high-performing student,
2 average students, and 1 low-performing
student.
Include both boys and girls.
Reflect the ethnic diversity of your classroom.
Stay together for about six weeks in upper
elementary classrooms.
Older students may be fine in the same team
for an entire grading period.
Provide opportunities for them to get to know
each other.
119. Teach the cycle of revision; and expect students to
reflect critically on both ongoing work and final
products.
5. Form teams, not groups.
122. Hundreds of interesting, thought provoking tools exist
for thinking through problems,
6.Use thinking tools.
sharing insights,
finding solutions,
and
encouraging
divergent solutions.
123.
124. 6.Use thinking tools.
You can use; Big Think tools or the Visible
Thinking Routines developed at Harvard’s Project
Zero.
125. BigThink is one tech tool used in design thinking and
creating that'll help students tackle the ever-evolving
challenges of school and life in;
Identifying
problems,
solving them
creatively, and
iterating on those
solutions are the
core activities.
127. Visible Thinking Routines
These routines are simple structures, for example a
set of questions or a short sequence of steps, used
across various grade levels and content.
130. Round 1-THINK.
Ask a discussion
question. Have
students to think
or write answer/s
to the question.
Round 2- PAIR.
Have them turn
to a peer to
discuss their
responses.
Round 3- SHARE.
Start a group
discussion and
have them share
their responses
with the class.
How think-pair-share can be used in classroom.
131. Industry uses a set of cutting edge tools to stimulate
creativity and innovation. As described in books such
as Game storming or Beyond Words
7. Use creativity tools.
The tools include;
playful games and
visual exercises
that can easily be used
in the classroom.
132. Innovation is mightily discouraged by our system of
assessment, which rewards the mastery of known
information.
8. Reward discovery.
Step up the reward
system using rubrics
from Tools with a blank
column to acknowledge
and reward innovation
and creativity.
133. The tendency is to move on quickly from the last
chapter and begin the next chapter, because of the
coverage imperative,.
9. Make reflection part of the lesson.
But reflection is
necessary to anchor
learning and stimulate
deeper thinking and
understanding.
There is no
innovation without
rumination.
135. 1. New Trends in Education
2. Identify 2 Ideas from ‘How to Teach
Innovation’ that you can practice and
apply at your School setting.
3. What are the expected
Results/Outcomes of this application?
List down what have you learned from
this seminar on;
136. Innovation requires the willingness to fail, a focus on
fuzzy outcomes rather than standardized measures,
10. Be innovative yourself.
and the bravery to
resist the system’s
emphasis on strict
accountability.
139. 10. Be innovative yourself.
The reward makes teaching exciting and fun,
engages students, and most critical;
helps students
find the passion
and resources
necessary to design
a better life for
themselves and
others.
teachers to be teacher leaders. In their schools, they mentor new teachers, lead school improvement efforts, develop curriculum, and provide professional development for their colleagues. Administrators tap them to serve on school, district, and state committees.
But how do accomplished teachers view themselves? To what kinds of leadership roles do they aspire? And what skills do they need to be effective leaders?
Innovations are commonly thought of as new and game changing. However, many innovations are improvements on something that already exists. It is important to create a culture of innovation within your organization, which means supporting productive failure.
Innovations are commonly thought of as new and game changing. However, many innovations are improvements on something that already exists. It is important to create a culture of innovation within your organization, which means supporting productive failure.
In recent years, some schools of education have charted new direction in the mission and purpose of their graduate leadership preparation programs and used innovative approaches to student selection, content, instructional strategies and field experiences to address new priorities for leadership.
Inter-institutional collaborations in program delivery and evaluation drives these new directions and forms of innovation.
Unlike most educational policy, the focus is not focus on improving existing educational systems but on changing them altogether. Its focus is not on doing things better, but on doing better things; not on doing things right, but on doing the right things to prepare students for a fast changing interdependent world.
May 6-10, 2002
May 6-10, 2002
May 6-10, 2002
This new call for innovation represents the shift from the 20th century, traditional view of organizational practices, which discouraged employee innovative behaviors, to the 21st century view of valuing innovative thinking as a “potentially powerful influence on organizational performance”.
Constant change is essential in today’s era.
To stay competitive, you must simultaneously manage the present and plan the future.
The problem is, you can’t have the same people doing both jobs.
If present time People with operational responsibilities are asked to think about the future, they will kill it.
Without Change for the better (Kaizen), there will be no Continuous Improvement to be Competitive in the current Global competition.
May 6-10, 2002
May 6-10, 2002
May 6-10, 2002
May 6-10, 2002
May 6-10, 2002
May 6-10, 2002
May 6-10, 2002
May 6-10, 2002
Equality vs. Equity. This vignette cuts to the heart of equality vs. equity in theclassroom. If equality means giving everyone the same resources, equity means giving each student access to the resources they need to learn and thrive.
Equality vs. Equity. This vignette cuts to the heart of equality vs. equity in the classroom. If equality means giving everyone the same resources, equity means giving each student access to the resources they need to learn and thrive.
Personalized learning is instruction that offers pedagogy, curriculum, and learning environments to meet the individual student's needs. The experience is tailored tolearning preferences and the specific interests of differentlearners.
May 6-10, 2002
From the very bulky computers of the 1960s to the very compact gadgets of the present time, technology had been continuously developing in the past decades, and had played great roles in many people’s daily tasks. Starting with the conception of the personal computer, people’s work became faster, and communication with other people became much easier.
Furthermore, in the recent years, the use of computers and related technology in education has been proven beneficial to teachers and students, and effective both cost-wise and education-wise. The use of technology in education has significantly aided students in performing their school-related tasks.
Mentorship is a relationship in which a more experienced or more knowledgeable person helps to guide a less experienced or less knowledgeable person. The mentor may be older or younger than the person being mentored, but she or he must have a certain area of expertise.
It also synchronises both sides of the brain to improve neural function. It stimulates neural pathways via acupressure points in the earlobe, sharpens intelligence.
It also synchronises both sides of the brain to improve neural function. It stimulates neural pathways via acupressure points in the earlobe, sharpens intelligence. This helps those with autism, asperger’s syndrome, learning difficulties and behavioural problems.
This is the ancient method of increasing memory power and the Europeans are now using this very diligently. They are recommending this posture or exercise to treat many cases.
May 6-10, 2002
.
Planning, Organizing, Directing and Controlling
1.
a deep or considered thought about something.
"philosophical ruminations about life and humanity"
2.
the action of chewing the cud.
"cows slow down their rumination"