This document summarizes 3D printing technology and its applications. It discusses the history and development of 3D printing, as well as different 3D printing processes like stereolithography, fused deposition modeling, and multi-jet fusion. Applications mentioned include prototypes, medical models, aerospace and automotive parts. The document also analyzes market trends, showing that the 3D printing market is growing and expanding into new fields beyond prototyping.
3D Printing Market - MATERIAL (ABS, PLA, Photopolymer, Ceramics etc.), TECHNO...Akash Singh
The report presents a detailed market analysis of 3D printing and Additive Manufacturing by incorporating complete pricing and cost analysis of components & products, product benchmarking, Porter’s analysis and PEST (Political, Economic, Social & Technological factor) analysis of the market. Market Classification encompasses segmentation & sub-segmentation of the market by Technology, Materials, Application industry and Geography.
The report deals with all the driving factors, restraints, and opportunities with respect to the 3D printing and Additive Manufacturing market, which are helpful in identifying trends and key success factors for the industry. Lastly, the current market landscape is covered with detailed competitive landscape and company profiles of all key players across the ecosystem. The report also formulates the entire value chain of the market, along with industry trends of 3D printing application industries and materials used with emphasis on market timelines & technology roadmaps, and market & product life cycle analysis.
Lastly, the 3D printing and Additive Manufacturing market is segmented by geography across North America, South & Central America, Europe, Asia-Pacific and ROW (Rest of the World) and further sub-segmented by countries. Country specific market is estimated and the growth opportunities are identified.
3D printing market - a global study (2014-2022)BIS Research
The report presents a detailed market analysis of 3D printing and Additive Manufacturing by incorporating complete pricing and cost analysis of 3D printers and materials. Besides porter’s and PESTLE analysis of the market have also been done. The report deals with all the driving factors, restraints, and opportunities with respect to the 3D printing and Additive Manufacturing market, which are helpful in identifying trends and key success factors for the industry.
Lastly, the current market landscape is covered with detailed competitive landscape and company profiles of all key players across the ecosystem. The report also formulates the entire value chain of the market, along with industry trends of 3D printing application industries and materials used with emphasis on market timelines & technology road-maps
Additive Manufacturing and 3D Printing – A Quick Look at Business and Industr...360mnbsu
What is the size of the additive manufacturing industry? What is the projected growth? What industries are adopting the technology? This talk answered these questions and more and provided information about the major players and industry trends.
From the 2013 Taking Shape Summit: Additive Manufacturing: 3D Printing--Beyond Rapid Prototyping.
Rapid Prototyping or Additive Manufacturing Industry AnalysisRajesh Maji
The scope of business opportunities brought by Additive Manufacturing is tremendous, but still the industry is in research and development phase. The companies who are active in product and process standardization will gain competitive advantage in future.
3D Printing Market - MATERIAL (ABS, PLA, Photopolymer, Ceramics etc.), TECHNO...Akash Singh
The report presents a detailed market analysis of 3D printing and Additive Manufacturing by incorporating complete pricing and cost analysis of components & products, product benchmarking, Porter’s analysis and PEST (Political, Economic, Social & Technological factor) analysis of the market. Market Classification encompasses segmentation & sub-segmentation of the market by Technology, Materials, Application industry and Geography.
The report deals with all the driving factors, restraints, and opportunities with respect to the 3D printing and Additive Manufacturing market, which are helpful in identifying trends and key success factors for the industry. Lastly, the current market landscape is covered with detailed competitive landscape and company profiles of all key players across the ecosystem. The report also formulates the entire value chain of the market, along with industry trends of 3D printing application industries and materials used with emphasis on market timelines & technology roadmaps, and market & product life cycle analysis.
Lastly, the 3D printing and Additive Manufacturing market is segmented by geography across North America, South & Central America, Europe, Asia-Pacific and ROW (Rest of the World) and further sub-segmented by countries. Country specific market is estimated and the growth opportunities are identified.
3D printing market - a global study (2014-2022)BIS Research
The report presents a detailed market analysis of 3D printing and Additive Manufacturing by incorporating complete pricing and cost analysis of 3D printers and materials. Besides porter’s and PESTLE analysis of the market have also been done. The report deals with all the driving factors, restraints, and opportunities with respect to the 3D printing and Additive Manufacturing market, which are helpful in identifying trends and key success factors for the industry.
Lastly, the current market landscape is covered with detailed competitive landscape and company profiles of all key players across the ecosystem. The report also formulates the entire value chain of the market, along with industry trends of 3D printing application industries and materials used with emphasis on market timelines & technology road-maps
Additive Manufacturing and 3D Printing – A Quick Look at Business and Industr...360mnbsu
What is the size of the additive manufacturing industry? What is the projected growth? What industries are adopting the technology? This talk answered these questions and more and provided information about the major players and industry trends.
From the 2013 Taking Shape Summit: Additive Manufacturing: 3D Printing--Beyond Rapid Prototyping.
Rapid Prototyping or Additive Manufacturing Industry AnalysisRajesh Maji
The scope of business opportunities brought by Additive Manufacturing is tremendous, but still the industry is in research and development phase. The companies who are active in product and process standardization will gain competitive advantage in future.
3-D printing or additive manufacturing is the process which builds layer upon layer to create a three dimensional solid object from a digital model with the help of computer system. The computer controls layer by layer material deposition maintains very low wastage of printing material.
Printing the Future: From Prototype to ProductionCognizant
Additive manufacturing (AM) such as 3-D printing heralds a new industrial revolution. We offer a framework for analyzing capabilities and implementing AM technologies to help you smoothly move from prototyping to volume production.
Design and Manufacturing of Sprocket using Additive Manufacturing Technologyijtsrd
Additive manufacturing, often referred to as 3D printing, has the potential to vastly accelerate innovation, compress supply chains, minimize materials and energy usage, and reduce waste. Originally developed at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1993, 3D printing technology forms the basis of Z Corporation's prototyping process. 3DP technology creates 3D physical prototypes by solidifying layers of deposited powder using a liquid binder. By definition 3DP is an extremely versatile and rapid process accommodating geometry of varying complexity in hundreds of different applications, and supporting many types of materials. Z Corp. pioneered the commercial use of 3DP technology, developing 3D printers that leading manufacturers use to produce early concept models and product prototypes. Utilizing 3DP technology, Z Corp. has developed 3D printers that operate at unprecedented speeds, extremely low costs, and within a broad range of applications. This paper describes the core technology and its related applications. Additive manufacturing, often referred to as 3D printing, is a new way of making products and components from a digital model. Like an office printer that puts 2D digital files on a piece of paper, a 3D printer creates components by depositing thin layers of material one after another, only where required, using a digital blueprint until the exact component has been created. Interest in additive techniques is growing swiftly as applications have progressed from rapid prototyping to the production of end use products. Additive equipment can now use metals, polymers, composites, or other powders to print' a range of functional components, layer by layer, including complex structures that cannot be manufactured by other means. By eliminating production steps and using substantially less material, -additive' processes could be able to reduce waste and save more than 50 of energy compared to today's -subtractive' manufacturing processes, and reduce material costs by up to 90 . The use of additive manufacturing can potentially benefit a wide range of industries including defence, aerospace, automotive, biomedical, consumer products, and metals manufacturing. In this project, parametric model is done in Catia V5R20 and 3D printing is done in Cura software. B. Raghu | G. Sai Hitheswar Reddy | D. Rishikesh | K. Aseem Kumar "Design and Manufacturing of Sprocket using Additive Manufacturing Technology" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-1 , December 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd29464.pdfPaper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/mechanical-engineering/29464/design-and-manufacturing-of-sprocket-using-additive-manufacturing-technology/b-raghu
Design and Modelling of a Leaf Spring using 3D Printing Technologyijtsrd
3D printing technology forms the basis of corporation's prototyping process. 3D printing technology creates 3D physical protypes by solidifying layers of deposited power by using a liquid binder. 3D printing is an versatile process accommodating geometry of varying complexity in hundreds of different applications, and supporting many types of materials. By eliminating production steps and using substantially less material, additive process could be able to reduce waste and save more than 50 of energy compared to today's subtractive manufacturing process and reduce material cost upto 90 . The use of additive manufacturing can potentially benefit a wide range of industries including defence, aerospace, automotive, biomedical, consumer products and metal manufacturing. A leaf spring is a simple form of spring, normally used for the suspension in wheeled cars. Leaf springs are long and narrow plates attached to the body of a trailer that rests above or under trailer's axle. For safe and cozy using, to prevent the street shocks from being transmitted to the car components and to guard the guard the occupants from the road shocks it's miles important to determine the maximum safe strain and deflection. The objective is to find the stresses and deformation in the leaf spring via making use of static load on it. One of a kind of special materials with mechanical properties are taken into consideration for the structural static evaluation. All leaf spring has linear characteristics there is a linear dependence between force and deflection this means that the 3D printed springs could be used as machine elements in different applications. B. Shushma | Ch. Pavan | D. Vikas Reddy | G. Venu Madhav | A. Mukhul Vamshi ""Design and Modelling of a Leaf Spring using 3D Printing Technology"" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-2 , February 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd29589.pdf
Paper Url : https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/mechanical-engineering/29589/design-and-modelling-of-a-leaf-spring-using-3d-printing-technology/b-shushma
Course presentation at the John-Molson School of Business of Concordia University (Montréal) on the emergence of 3D printing and how it impacts on business models and the supply chain
Integrating parametric design with robotic additive manufacturing for 3D clay...Antonio Arcadu
ABSTRACT This paper presents an ongoing work in relation to the development of a parametric design algorithm and an automated system for additive manufacturing that aims to be implemented in 3D clay printing tasks. The purpose of this experimental study is to establish a first insight and provide information as well as guidelines for a comprehensive and robust additive manufacturing methodology that can be implemented in the area of 3D clay printing, aiming to be widely available and open for use in the relevant construction industry. Specifically, this paper emphasizes on the installation of an industrial extruder for 3D clay printing mounted on a robot, on toolpath planning process using a parametric design environment and on robotic execution of selected case studies. Based on existing 3D printing technology principles and on available rapid prototyping mechanisms, this process suggests an algorithm for system’s control as well as for robotic toolpath development applied in additive manufacturing of small to medium objects. The algorithm is developed in a parametric associative environment allowing its flexible use and execution in a number of case studies, aiming to tentatively test the effectiveness of the suggested robotic additive manufacturing workflow and their future implementation in large scale examples.
Autors: O. Kontovourkisa and G. Tryfonos
(updated) How 3D printers will change the supply chain management in I4.0Diogo Quental
From a situation where the question was “what can I print?”, the technology evolved now to a point where the question is “what can I not print?”.
Manufacturing with additive manufacturing processes is now growing exponentially, seeking the goal of “demand driven manufacturing”. Every day we learn about new success stories that are allowing better time to market and huge cost savings.
A brief analysis to what happened in other industries may also help to understand what can be the medium term evolution of 3D Printing and if how important is to start now using this technology.
Power from the burnt gases in the combustion chamber is delivered to the crankshaft through the piston, piston pin and connecting rod. The crankshaft changes reciprocating motion of the piston in cylinder to the rotary motion of the flywheel. Crankshaft is designed for multi cylinder engine and its 3D model is created using modeling software CATIA V5R20.The 3D printer prints the CATIA design layer by layer forming a real object. 3D printing process is derived from inkjet desktop printers in which multiple deposit jets and the printing material, layer by layer derived from the CATIA data. 3D printing significantly challenges mass production processes in the future. This type of printing is predicted to influence industries, like automotive, medical, education, equipment, consumer products industries and various businesses. T. Venkata Ramana | Sagam Kunta Subhash | Sangem Devendra Kumar | Vanga Balakrishna ""Modelling and 3D Printing of Crankshaft"" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-3 , April 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd23224.pdf
Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/mechanical-engineering/23224/modelling-and-3d-printing-of-crankshaft/t-venkata-ramana
3D Printing and Open Design. A Bright Future for Engineering and Design Profe...Peter Troxler
The coming decades will bring revolutionary changes to manufacturing. A large share of production could shift from mass manufacturing to local, small batch manufacturing. The main driver behind this development are the possibilities of 3D printing.
Additionally, companies will probably include open source strategies to manage their portfolio of intellectual assets. Crowd sourced innovation will complement in-house R&D activities. Engineers and designers will be faced with a radically new working environment and new demands on their work. 3D printing brings new freedoms in engineering and design. Open design evokes the image of the designer as an orchestrator of co-design. But brutal pressure on speed and efficiency in engineering and design might be a consequence of small batch production. And there is the democratisation of the means of production: As blogs for journalists and Instagram for professional photographers, easy design tools and 3D printers might turn into a menace for the design profession itself.
Presentation given on 24 Nov 2014 at TU Delft Library as part of the 3D print week.
Additive Manufacturing Technologies (2019)Jurgen Daniel
IEEE Consultants' Network of San Diego, Sept. 9, 2019:
Additive Manufacturing (AM) or 3D printing is progressing at a rapid pace with new technologies or applications making headlines constantly. The 4th Industrial Revolution, of which AM is an integral part, is approaching.
A recent forecast by ABI Research is projecting that AM will produce US$2 Trillion worth of products by 2030.
Today, we can already see AM’s impact on the aerospace and automotive industry, on industrial tooling but also medicine, dental Care, jewelry and electronics. Recent research has even raised the hope for 3D printed organs for transplants.
This presentation gives an overview of AM technologies for 3 dimensional objects and their applications.
It is very informative and interesting document ....
what is 3d printer
how it works
applications
uses
types
4 major types with their working
and many other informative things
3-D printing or additive manufacturing is the process which builds layer upon layer to create a three dimensional solid object from a digital model with the help of computer system. The computer controls layer by layer material deposition maintains very low wastage of printing material.
Printing the Future: From Prototype to ProductionCognizant
Additive manufacturing (AM) such as 3-D printing heralds a new industrial revolution. We offer a framework for analyzing capabilities and implementing AM technologies to help you smoothly move from prototyping to volume production.
Design and Manufacturing of Sprocket using Additive Manufacturing Technologyijtsrd
Additive manufacturing, often referred to as 3D printing, has the potential to vastly accelerate innovation, compress supply chains, minimize materials and energy usage, and reduce waste. Originally developed at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1993, 3D printing technology forms the basis of Z Corporation's prototyping process. 3DP technology creates 3D physical prototypes by solidifying layers of deposited powder using a liquid binder. By definition 3DP is an extremely versatile and rapid process accommodating geometry of varying complexity in hundreds of different applications, and supporting many types of materials. Z Corp. pioneered the commercial use of 3DP technology, developing 3D printers that leading manufacturers use to produce early concept models and product prototypes. Utilizing 3DP technology, Z Corp. has developed 3D printers that operate at unprecedented speeds, extremely low costs, and within a broad range of applications. This paper describes the core technology and its related applications. Additive manufacturing, often referred to as 3D printing, is a new way of making products and components from a digital model. Like an office printer that puts 2D digital files on a piece of paper, a 3D printer creates components by depositing thin layers of material one after another, only where required, using a digital blueprint until the exact component has been created. Interest in additive techniques is growing swiftly as applications have progressed from rapid prototyping to the production of end use products. Additive equipment can now use metals, polymers, composites, or other powders to print' a range of functional components, layer by layer, including complex structures that cannot be manufactured by other means. By eliminating production steps and using substantially less material, -additive' processes could be able to reduce waste and save more than 50 of energy compared to today's -subtractive' manufacturing processes, and reduce material costs by up to 90 . The use of additive manufacturing can potentially benefit a wide range of industries including defence, aerospace, automotive, biomedical, consumer products, and metals manufacturing. In this project, parametric model is done in Catia V5R20 and 3D printing is done in Cura software. B. Raghu | G. Sai Hitheswar Reddy | D. Rishikesh | K. Aseem Kumar "Design and Manufacturing of Sprocket using Additive Manufacturing Technology" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-1 , December 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd29464.pdfPaper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/mechanical-engineering/29464/design-and-manufacturing-of-sprocket-using-additive-manufacturing-technology/b-raghu
Design and Modelling of a Leaf Spring using 3D Printing Technologyijtsrd
3D printing technology forms the basis of corporation's prototyping process. 3D printing technology creates 3D physical protypes by solidifying layers of deposited power by using a liquid binder. 3D printing is an versatile process accommodating geometry of varying complexity in hundreds of different applications, and supporting many types of materials. By eliminating production steps and using substantially less material, additive process could be able to reduce waste and save more than 50 of energy compared to today's subtractive manufacturing process and reduce material cost upto 90 . The use of additive manufacturing can potentially benefit a wide range of industries including defence, aerospace, automotive, biomedical, consumer products and metal manufacturing. A leaf spring is a simple form of spring, normally used for the suspension in wheeled cars. Leaf springs are long and narrow plates attached to the body of a trailer that rests above or under trailer's axle. For safe and cozy using, to prevent the street shocks from being transmitted to the car components and to guard the guard the occupants from the road shocks it's miles important to determine the maximum safe strain and deflection. The objective is to find the stresses and deformation in the leaf spring via making use of static load on it. One of a kind of special materials with mechanical properties are taken into consideration for the structural static evaluation. All leaf spring has linear characteristics there is a linear dependence between force and deflection this means that the 3D printed springs could be used as machine elements in different applications. B. Shushma | Ch. Pavan | D. Vikas Reddy | G. Venu Madhav | A. Mukhul Vamshi ""Design and Modelling of a Leaf Spring using 3D Printing Technology"" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-2 , February 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd29589.pdf
Paper Url : https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/mechanical-engineering/29589/design-and-modelling-of-a-leaf-spring-using-3d-printing-technology/b-shushma
Course presentation at the John-Molson School of Business of Concordia University (Montréal) on the emergence of 3D printing and how it impacts on business models and the supply chain
Integrating parametric design with robotic additive manufacturing for 3D clay...Antonio Arcadu
ABSTRACT This paper presents an ongoing work in relation to the development of a parametric design algorithm and an automated system for additive manufacturing that aims to be implemented in 3D clay printing tasks. The purpose of this experimental study is to establish a first insight and provide information as well as guidelines for a comprehensive and robust additive manufacturing methodology that can be implemented in the area of 3D clay printing, aiming to be widely available and open for use in the relevant construction industry. Specifically, this paper emphasizes on the installation of an industrial extruder for 3D clay printing mounted on a robot, on toolpath planning process using a parametric design environment and on robotic execution of selected case studies. Based on existing 3D printing technology principles and on available rapid prototyping mechanisms, this process suggests an algorithm for system’s control as well as for robotic toolpath development applied in additive manufacturing of small to medium objects. The algorithm is developed in a parametric associative environment allowing its flexible use and execution in a number of case studies, aiming to tentatively test the effectiveness of the suggested robotic additive manufacturing workflow and their future implementation in large scale examples.
Autors: O. Kontovourkisa and G. Tryfonos
(updated) How 3D printers will change the supply chain management in I4.0Diogo Quental
From a situation where the question was “what can I print?”, the technology evolved now to a point where the question is “what can I not print?”.
Manufacturing with additive manufacturing processes is now growing exponentially, seeking the goal of “demand driven manufacturing”. Every day we learn about new success stories that are allowing better time to market and huge cost savings.
A brief analysis to what happened in other industries may also help to understand what can be the medium term evolution of 3D Printing and if how important is to start now using this technology.
Power from the burnt gases in the combustion chamber is delivered to the crankshaft through the piston, piston pin and connecting rod. The crankshaft changes reciprocating motion of the piston in cylinder to the rotary motion of the flywheel. Crankshaft is designed for multi cylinder engine and its 3D model is created using modeling software CATIA V5R20.The 3D printer prints the CATIA design layer by layer forming a real object. 3D printing process is derived from inkjet desktop printers in which multiple deposit jets and the printing material, layer by layer derived from the CATIA data. 3D printing significantly challenges mass production processes in the future. This type of printing is predicted to influence industries, like automotive, medical, education, equipment, consumer products industries and various businesses. T. Venkata Ramana | Sagam Kunta Subhash | Sangem Devendra Kumar | Vanga Balakrishna ""Modelling and 3D Printing of Crankshaft"" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-3 , April 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd23224.pdf
Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/mechanical-engineering/23224/modelling-and-3d-printing-of-crankshaft/t-venkata-ramana
3D Printing and Open Design. A Bright Future for Engineering and Design Profe...Peter Troxler
The coming decades will bring revolutionary changes to manufacturing. A large share of production could shift from mass manufacturing to local, small batch manufacturing. The main driver behind this development are the possibilities of 3D printing.
Additionally, companies will probably include open source strategies to manage their portfolio of intellectual assets. Crowd sourced innovation will complement in-house R&D activities. Engineers and designers will be faced with a radically new working environment and new demands on their work. 3D printing brings new freedoms in engineering and design. Open design evokes the image of the designer as an orchestrator of co-design. But brutal pressure on speed and efficiency in engineering and design might be a consequence of small batch production. And there is the democratisation of the means of production: As blogs for journalists and Instagram for professional photographers, easy design tools and 3D printers might turn into a menace for the design profession itself.
Presentation given on 24 Nov 2014 at TU Delft Library as part of the 3D print week.
Additive Manufacturing Technologies (2019)Jurgen Daniel
IEEE Consultants' Network of San Diego, Sept. 9, 2019:
Additive Manufacturing (AM) or 3D printing is progressing at a rapid pace with new technologies or applications making headlines constantly. The 4th Industrial Revolution, of which AM is an integral part, is approaching.
A recent forecast by ABI Research is projecting that AM will produce US$2 Trillion worth of products by 2030.
Today, we can already see AM’s impact on the aerospace and automotive industry, on industrial tooling but also medicine, dental Care, jewelry and electronics. Recent research has even raised the hope for 3D printed organs for transplants.
This presentation gives an overview of AM technologies for 3 dimensional objects and their applications.
It is very informative and interesting document ....
what is 3d printer
how it works
applications
uses
types
4 major types with their working
and many other informative things
3D Printing Technology PPT by ajaysingh_02AjaySingh1901
This PPT make on 3D printing Technology or additive manufacturing in which we cover the need, history importants, future scope, trend before the 3DP, advantage and disadvantage, limitations, application of 3DP
This is brief introduction about 3D printer.
I think 3D printer is 4th wave.
First wave: Neolithic revolution
2nd wave: industrial revolution
3rd wave: information age
4th wave: manufacture revolution by 3D printer
Abstract
Introduction To 3D Printing
History
Types of 3D Scanner
Components Of 3D Printer
Material used for 3D Printing
Working
Software Required For 3D Printing
Advantages Of 3D Printing
Limitations Of 3D Printing
Applications
Future Scope
Conclusion
References
DevOps and Testing slides at DASA ConnectKari Kakkonen
My and Rik Marselis slides at 30.5.2024 DASA Connect conference. We discuss about what is testing, then what is agile testing and finally what is Testing in DevOps. Finally we had lovely workshop with the participants trying to find out different ways to think about quality and testing in different parts of the DevOps infinity loop.
GraphRAG is All You need? LLM & Knowledge GraphGuy Korland
Guy Korland, CEO and Co-founder of FalkorDB, will review two articles on the integration of language models with knowledge graphs.
1. Unifying Large Language Models and Knowledge Graphs: A Roadmap.
https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.08302
2. Microsoft Research's GraphRAG paper and a review paper on various uses of knowledge graphs:
https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/research/blog/graphrag-unlocking-llm-discovery-on-narrative-private-data/
Builder.ai Founder Sachin Dev Duggal's Strategic Approach to Create an Innova...Ramesh Iyer
In today's fast-changing business world, Companies that adapt and embrace new ideas often need help to keep up with the competition. However, fostering a culture of innovation takes much work. It takes vision, leadership and willingness to take risks in the right proportion. Sachin Dev Duggal, co-founder of Builder.ai, has perfected the art of this balance, creating a company culture where creativity and growth are nurtured at each stage.
Software Delivery At the Speed of AI: Inflectra Invests In AI-Powered QualityInflectra
In this insightful webinar, Inflectra explores how artificial intelligence (AI) is transforming software development and testing. Discover how AI-powered tools are revolutionizing every stage of the software development lifecycle (SDLC), from design and prototyping to testing, deployment, and monitoring.
Learn about:
• The Future of Testing: How AI is shifting testing towards verification, analysis, and higher-level skills, while reducing repetitive tasks.
• Test Automation: How AI-powered test case generation, optimization, and self-healing tests are making testing more efficient and effective.
• Visual Testing: Explore the emerging capabilities of AI in visual testing and how it's set to revolutionize UI verification.
• Inflectra's AI Solutions: See demonstrations of Inflectra's cutting-edge AI tools like the ChatGPT plugin and Azure Open AI platform, designed to streamline your testing process.
Whether you're a developer, tester, or QA professional, this webinar will give you valuable insights into how AI is shaping the future of software delivery.
Accelerate your Kubernetes clusters with Varnish CachingThijs Feryn
A presentation about the usage and availability of Varnish on Kubernetes. This talk explores the capabilities of Varnish caching and shows how to use the Varnish Helm chart to deploy it to Kubernetes.
This presentation was delivered at K8SUG Singapore. See https://feryn.eu/presentations/accelerate-your-kubernetes-clusters-with-varnish-caching-k8sug-singapore-28-2024 for more details.
Kubernetes & AI - Beauty and the Beast !?! @KCD Istanbul 2024Tobias Schneck
As AI technology is pushing into IT I was wondering myself, as an “infrastructure container kubernetes guy”, how get this fancy AI technology get managed from an infrastructure operational view? Is it possible to apply our lovely cloud native principals as well? What benefit’s both technologies could bring to each other?
Let me take this questions and provide you a short journey through existing deployment models and use cases for AI software. On practical examples, we discuss what cloud/on-premise strategy we may need for applying it to our own infrastructure to get it to work from an enterprise perspective. I want to give an overview about infrastructure requirements and technologies, what could be beneficial or limiting your AI use cases in an enterprise environment. An interactive Demo will give you some insides, what approaches I got already working for real.
State of ICS and IoT Cyber Threat Landscape Report 2024 previewPrayukth K V
The IoT and OT threat landscape report has been prepared by the Threat Research Team at Sectrio using data from Sectrio, cyber threat intelligence farming facilities spread across over 85 cities around the world. In addition, Sectrio also runs AI-based advanced threat and payload engagement facilities that serve as sinks to attract and engage sophisticated threat actors, and newer malware including new variants and latent threats that are at an earlier stage of development.
The latest edition of the OT/ICS and IoT security Threat Landscape Report 2024 also covers:
State of global ICS asset and network exposure
Sectoral targets and attacks as well as the cost of ransom
Global APT activity, AI usage, actor and tactic profiles, and implications
Rise in volumes of AI-powered cyberattacks
Major cyber events in 2024
Malware and malicious payload trends
Cyberattack types and targets
Vulnerability exploit attempts on CVEs
Attacks on counties – USA
Expansion of bot farms – how, where, and why
In-depth analysis of the cyber threat landscape across North America, South America, Europe, APAC, and the Middle East
Why are attacks on smart factories rising?
Cyber risk predictions
Axis of attacks – Europe
Systemic attacks in the Middle East
Download the full report from here:
https://sectrio.com/resources/ot-threat-landscape-reports/sectrio-releases-ot-ics-and-iot-security-threat-landscape-report-2024/
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 4DianaGray10
Welcome to UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series part 4. In this session, we will cover Test Manager overview along with SAP heatmap.
The UiPath Test Manager overview with SAP heatmap webinar offers a concise yet comprehensive exploration of the role of a Test Manager within SAP environments, coupled with the utilization of heatmaps for effective testing strategies.
Participants will gain insights into the responsibilities, challenges, and best practices associated with test management in SAP projects. Additionally, the webinar delves into the significance of heatmaps as a visual aid for identifying testing priorities, areas of risk, and resource allocation within SAP landscapes. Through this session, attendees can expect to enhance their understanding of test management principles while learning practical approaches to optimize testing processes in SAP environments using heatmap visualization techniques
What will you get from this session?
1. Insights into SAP testing best practices
2. Heatmap utilization for testing
3. Optimization of testing processes
4. Demo
Topics covered:
Execution from the test manager
Orchestrator execution result
Defect reporting
SAP heatmap example with demo
Speaker:
Deepak Rai, Automation Practice Lead, Boundaryless Group and UiPath MVP
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 4
[2014년 7월 8일] 3 d 프린터
1. 3D 프린팅: 현황과 전망
July 15, 2014
진대제AMP
- 길 포럼-
교수 양동열
KAIST, 기계공학과
2. <SOURCE : sericeo.org, 2013>
Ultra-light Material
Wearable Computer
3D Printing
Context-Awareness
Driverless Car
Gene Therapy
Post Batteries
3. 3D Printed Airbike EADS(European Aerospace and Defense Group)
Made by ALM process
(Additive Manufacturing)
Material: Nylon+Metal powder
4. 6,000 CFM Leap jet engines sold
x 19 nozzles each = 114,000
GE Fuel nozzlesAirbus Wing Brackets
40% weight saving Courtesy: J. Harrop@ IDTechEx
Light weight Innovation
5. Real car prototyping
First 3D printed Car (Urbee*)
Price 50,000 dollars, Fuel Ethanol + Gasoline
All parts are manufactured
by 3D printing
Manufacturing time
: 2500 hours
Time consuming
but, It’s beginning
*2011, KOR EcoLogic using Stratasys’s 3D printing service
6. 3D Printing
Rapid Prototyping
Free Form Fabrication
Additive Manufacturing
On Terminologies
3D 프린팅/ 3차원 인쇄술
쾌속조형(고속, 급속, 신속)/ 쾌속시작
임의형상제조
부가적층제조(공정)
7. What is 3D Printing/ Rapid Prototyping?
Technology that can manufacture 3D prototypes
through layer-by-layer deposition of materials from
CAD data or measurement data
Layer by layer
FlexibleMetalColored material
3D Printing vs. Rapid Prototyping vs. Free Form Fabrication
vs. Additive Manufacturing
8. Diverse needs of customers
& Shortening of Product Life Cycle
Complexity and Low Volume of
products
Increasing Competition
Rapid Product
Development
• Fast & Cost Effective
manufacturing technology
• Minimization of Trial-and-errors
• Concept of Concurrent Engineering
• Fast & Cost Effective
manufacturing technology
• Minimization of Trial-and-errors
• Concept of Concurrent Engineering
3D Printing taking a central role of RPD
RPD : Rapid Product Development
10. CAD Modeling for manufacturing new products
How can we realize imaginary products? CAD modeling
1. Imaginary product
: Manufacturing fish
2. CAD Modeling
: Using software to model
3. Rapid Prototyping machine
: Putting SLA file to RP machine
4. Real products
Manufacturing products
by 3D CAD Modeling
Manufacturing products
by 3D CAD Modeling
Transferring CAD file
to SLA file
11. CAD Modeling to make Virtual Prototypes
SolidWorks (Solid Modeler)
Pro-Engineer
CAD modeling data are transformed to STL file format.
STL(“STereoLithography”) file:
Example
STL file
3D CAD Model
STL file
3D Scan data
The surface of a 3D object is approximated
by facet mesh of a number of triangles
Each facet consists of 3 points
and unit normal vector of a triangle
12. 3D scanners
Equipment to acquire 3D shape data of objects
Geometry data (X, Y, Z) & Color data (Texture)
3D scanner (H/W) + Software (S/W)
Equipment to acquire 3D shape data of objects
Geometry data (X, Y, Z) & Color data (Texture)
3D scanner (H/W) + Software (S/W)
3D CMM(Coordinate
Measuring Machine)
3D Scanner
3D CMM(Coordinate
Measuring Machine)
3D Scanner
Contact type
3D coordinate
measuring machine
Encoding type with
Touch Probe
High accuracy
Laser scanner
Non Contact type
Laser beam
White light projector
Non Contact type
Optical interference
Stabilizing, flexible
attachment
High accuracyAdvantage
Disadvantage
Slow to measure,
Objects should be solid
Decreased accuracy
Advantage
Disadvantage Weak to
outside interference
Advantage
Disadvantage
Digitizing 3D shape with 3D scanner
13. CT/MRI Scanner
CT/MRI Image
DICOM format
cf. DICOM (Digital Imaging & COMmunications in medicine) : International medical imaging standard
STL
Mimics
BioBuild
Medical RP
Siemens
Philips
GE DAT
GE Advantage
GE YMS
Picker
Toshiba
Elscint
IMPORT
Objet
Skull
FDM
Spine
3D scanning Procedure of Medical Rapid Prototyping
MRI, CT 기술을 이용한 신체 내부의 형상데이터 획득
CT 촬영
체내 횡단면 데이터 획득
데이터 획득
데이터
들여오기 STL 파일 변환 의료용 RP장비 제작
15. SLA(Stereo lithography)
Patented in 1986
By Charles Hull
1993 : “3D Printing” by Prof. E. Sachs (MIT)
First mentioned “3D Printing”
Now “3D Printing” is widely mentioned as the original
meaning of Rapid Prototyping
1988 Product release
Rapid
prototyping
(Additive
Manufacturing)
SLA(Stereo lithography)
Patented in 1986
By Charles Hull
Rapid Prototyping & 3D Printing
1984 : The Birth of Rapid Prototyping
SLA-250
(1988, 250ⅹ250ⅹ250)
Rapid Prototyping includes 3D Printing.
“3D Printing” in wide sense
Rapid Prototyping
3D
Printing
Rapid Prototyping
Cf. High Speed machining
Cf. Additive Manufacturing
16. Trend of Rapid Prototyping(RP) Market
(Source: Wohlers Report 2012 & KT)
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
2001 2011 2019E
RP printer market
Secondary service
related to RP
Value of products
manufactured by RP
Expansion of application fields
includes Education, Leisure,
Manufacturing, and etc
CAD design and additional service
related RP
Supplying Personal 3D printer
(Unit : One billion dollars)
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
13.3
3.7
1.1
2001 2011 2019
(Expected)
7.2
3.3
2.8
Scale of the world market
20%
20%
15%
12%
11%
8%
6%
3% 5%
Automotive
Goods
Medical app.
Aerospace
Industry
Education
Military
(Source: Wohlers Report 2012)
Application fields It’s expected that RP market
has potential to grow.
By expanding application fields,
there are more value of products
manufactured by RP
17. Regional usage
0
10
20
30
40
(Source: Wohlers Report 2012)
Percent(%)
Accumulated data on 1968~2011
Rapid Prototyping machine market
Trend of Rapid Prototyping(RP) Market
53%
22%
8%
2%
4%
11%
Stratasys
3D systems
Envision Tec.
EOS
Beijing Tiertime
Etc
(Source: Wohlers Report 2012)
Market share
U.S. leads the RP market.
RP companies from U.S.
dominate the RP market
(U.S.)
(U.S.)
(Germany)
(Germany)
(China)
18. Courtesy: J. Harrop@ IDTechEx
Pink Zone
: Red Ocean !
Size-dependent
Material-dependent
Precision-dependent
19. Subtractive
manufacturing
Subtractive
manufacturing
According to the method to manufacture:
Rapid Prototyping TechnologyRapid Prototyping Technology
Additive
manufacturing
Additive
manufacturing
Classification of Rapid Prototyping process
High speed
Machining
or 3D Printing
Chemical Bonding SinteringSintering GluingGluing
Deposition
Photocuring
Cf. Metal Deposition by Melting
20. Principle
SLA-7000 (500*500*580)
Part & Supports
Post-processing
SLA StereoLithography Apparatus (3D Systems, U.S.)
Apparatus & Part
Laser scanning system + Liquid photopolymer resin
1 Layer thickness [mm] : 0.025 ~ 0.125
Products
High resolution
Expensive
23. Layer-by-layer accumulation method
for 3D nano/microfabrication
Cover
glass
Immersion
Oil
Photocurable
Resin
Voxel
(90 nm)
at focal point
x
z
Femtosecond laser
Nano Stereolithography
Nano resolution laser
+ Liquid photopolymer resin
Nano scaled thinker
(D.Y. Yang et al., KAIST,
Korea)
10㎛
z
yx
ceramic precursor
before pyrolysis
5㎛
5㎛
y
x
x y
z
4.6㎛
fabricated using
SCR500 polymer resin
Electric device
Optics Express, 2010.Advanced Materials, 2011.
Optical device
10 ㎛
Ormocer toroid
CLEO Int. conference, 2011.
Applications
nRP
(nano Replication Printing)
24. 1 Layer thickness [mm] : 0.178 ~ 0.356
The cost of the machine
and the material is economical.
FDM : Fused Deposition Modeling (Stratasys, U.S.)
Part
Part supports
Base
Platform
Support
material
Build
material
Extrusion head
Wheel
Heater
Nozzle
Apparatus & Part
FDM Maxum-Stratasys
(600mm by 500mm by 600mm)
Extrusion head
Principle
ABS Models
Heated extrusion nozzles + Thermoplastic filament
25. rocess
SLS : Selective Laser Sintering
Working Principle
Audio : front panel Mold by RapidSteel 2.0
Applications
After secondary processes
Electronics HousingDuraForm Flex Ductwork
Functional Materials
DuraForm ® Flex Plastic : Rubber-like material
DuraForm ® EX Natural Plastic : Impact resistance
DuraForm ® HST Composite : Fiber-reinforced plastic
(sProTM140)
• Plastic powders + CO2 laser
• Layer’s thickness : 0.1-0.15 mm
• Functional materials
Characteristics
Sintering powder by laser
26. Finished 3D PartZ810 (1800 jets)
(600mm by 500mm by 400mm)
Engine Block
(460mm by 480mm by 330mm)
Architectural Model
(360mm by 410mm by 230mm)
3DP: Three-Dimensional Printing
(Z Corp., U.S.)
Apparatus & Part
Powder + Water-based liquid binder
Dyes added to the liquid binder
Spraying liquid binder
with dye by inkjet
27. 1 hours
20 minutes
Toy
FEA Model (180*350*250 mm)
Phone Sneakers
Ship Tire
Sample parts
3DP: Three-Dimensional Printing (3D systems, U.S.)
28. How It Works : Dual-jet process
Two UV
lamps
Inkjet head 1
Inkjet head 2
Inkjet head for
Support material
Products
Material 1
Material 2
Multi-nozzle stereolithography (Objet)
(Objet Geometries, Israel)
Inkjet Deposition of
Photopolymers with UV lamp
Characteristics
Dual-jet process to combine two materials
Functional materials can be mixed
Materials
Vero family
(Rigid materials)
Tango family
(Flexible materials)
FullCure 720
(Transparent materials)
High accuracy
Min. 16μm resolution
Polyjet
29. Sample parts
Multi-nozzle Inkjet Deposition of Photopolymers (Objet Geometries, Israel)
Objet Connex500TM
(2007, 500ⅹ400ⅹ200)
Objet Connex350TM
(2009, 350ⅹ350ⅹ200)
Equipment Sample parts
30. Objet500 Connex3
(2014, 490ⅹ390ⅹ200)
Equipment
Sample parts
Multi-nozzle Inkjet Deposition of Photopolymers (Stratasys, U.S.)
Photopolymer with
blended colors & translucent colors
Hybrid colored materials
: Functionality & Visualization
Sample parts
Multi-nozzle stereolithography (Recent Innovation)
Connex3
31. Rapid Prototyping of Metals
Direct metal fabrication process
Subtractive manufacturing
High Speed Machining
32. Direct Fabrication
tooling
Mold with RP:
Secondary process
Direct Fabrication
Characteristics
Reduced number of steps
Minimized dimensional inaccuracy
RP processes that produce metallic parts or molds
directly from CAD solid models.
Metal
Prototypes,
Molds
Rapid
Prototyping
Secondary
Processes
Direct Fabrication
Processes
Time (days)
REDUCED
TIME-to-MARKET
CAD
Modeling
Direct metal fabrication processes
34. Scanner
system
Loose
powder
Build
plate
Build station
piston
Mold
Powder
coater
Powder delivery
system
Laser
How It Works:
DMLS : Direct Metal Laser Sintering : a kind of SLS
Powders: Mixtures of different
metallic components
Material : Steel or Bronze based
Layer Thickness: 20 µm
Characteristics
Sintering metal powder by laser
Parts : Dashboard & support
High quality functional component in a short time
Applications
Y stent for
artery branches
Injection mold
Tire Tread
Pattern Mold
(High precision using two sizes of metal powders)
35. Most expensive: Sciaky
Up to $6M for a single printer
8.4m3 build volume
Combination of 3D Printing with CNC Machining
Sciaky's Electron Beam Additive Manufacturing Solution
Titanium part(Airplane)
Prints in titanium, tantalum, Inconel, …
Ideal for the aerospace market
37. Subtractive manufacturing as Rapid Prototyping
Raw material is carved into a desired final shape
Raw material
Product
Subtractive
process
FinishingRough carvingRaw material
38. High-speed machiningSubtractive Manufacturing
Offering practical advantages
precision and versatility
Machining of the impeller
HisRP(KIMM & KAIST)
(High-speed Rapid Prototyping)
High speed machining with automatic fixturing
B. S. Shin & D. Y. Yang et al., 2003
0˚ 180˚
automatic fixturing for holding
5-axis Machining
Reduced manufacturing time
Lower manufacturing cost
Wide variety of available materials
Increased product accuracy
40. Large scale RP : Thick-layered RP Systems
Thin Layer with Square Edges
Thick Layer with Sloping Edges
Boundary of CAD Model
t=1 mm
Sloping surface
(first
approximation)
t < 1 mm
Stair-stepped
surface
• High build speed
• Removal of stair-stepped
effect
How It Works:
Thickness of raw material is thick Sloping surface
41. Dolphin (1,692 mm x 660 mm x 1,274 mm)
Cutting Principle
Surface contours
Surface normal
Cutting vector
Surface tangent
Waterjet cutter Sloping surface thick layers
Styrofoam
(10,20,30mm)
Trusurf
Large scale RP : Thick-layered RP Systems
Finished & Painted Dolphin
Experimental Setup
CAM-LEM
Laser
Characteristics
Thick Tangent-cut layers
5-axis laser cutter
Ceramic, Stainless steel
, Foam (6 mm thick)
Sample Parts
Styrofoam Spheres
84 mm-tall)
Laser cutter Thick materialsCAM-LEM
42. Hotwire
Cutter
USL GenerationUSL Generation Cutter Path
USL
Pilot Pin
Stacking & BondingStacking & Bonding
Reference
shape
VLM process, DY Yang et al., KAIST
Large scale RP : Thick-layered RP Systems
How It Works
: Hotwire cutting styrofoam
Mount Rushmore Memorial
Apparatus
• VLM; Variable Lamination Manufacturing
• U.S. Patent No. 6,702,918, March 9, 2004
44. The State of the Art of
Rapid Prototyping Applications
High functionality & Bio Appl.
Wider variety of available materials
High Performance
Precision, High-speed, Low cost
Visual Aid: Colored Object Personal manufacturing
45. Application of 3D printing
Entertainment
Contents
Fashion
Toy
Functional product
Aerospace &
Automotive products
Die & Mold
Medical application
Visual product
Architecture
Medical application
Prototype
46. Mercedez-Benz GL class
Aluminum Engine Support Replaced by Engineering Plastic
Engine Weight Support
Shock Absorber
Crash-
worthiness
30% Weight
Reduction
Engine Noise
Reduction
Use of Engineering Plastics
47. Use of Engineering Plastics
PA Compound -3kg
(RVR, Mitsubishi) Fender(Civic, Honda) Rear Glass
PC Compound -2kg
(A8, Audi) Tire Carrier
PA Compound -4kg
(Fofour, Smart) Sun Roof
PC Compound-3kg
Indirect
3D Printing Opportunity
48. The world's first Carbon Fiber 3D Printer
https://markforged.com/
Cutaway of aeromotions race car wing support
가격 : 4,999$ (약 530만원)
49. Anatomy of a continuous filament fabrication part
(1) Nylon base +
3 carbon fiber layers
(2) Nylon honeycomb
structure
(3) Final carbon fiber
CFF + nylon case
사용 가능 재료
Carbon fiber filament
Fiberglass filament
Nylon filament
PLA filament
50. Building Construction by 3D Printing
Conventional Contour Crafting
including Curved 3D Shapes
On-site Building Whole Houses On-site Reinforced Wall Construction
Building Innovation
by 3D Printing
to build Custom-
tailored Houses
51. 3D Printing in Fashion as Visual Aids
3D printed dresses at Paris Fashion Week (2013)
Iris van Herpen’s Haute Couture show, ‘VOLTAGE’
3D printing does what no other form of clothing manufacture can do
when complex shapes need to be created quickly and as one piece
Interview with Iris van Herpen
3D Printed glass
3D Printed footwear
52. Visual Aids for Entertainment
Imagination into reality
User customized guitar 3D printed figures
Kids Drawings Into 3D Printed Figures Mobile RP/ 4D RP
53. 3D Printing Pen as Free Rapid Prototyping
Materials :
Plastic(ABS,
PLA)
3D Printing Pen: 3Doodler
Without Computer Modeling
3D Printing by yourself
Melted plastic Extrusion
(99$)
(WobleWorks LLC)
54. 4D Printing and Self transformation
Concept of 4D printing : Self transformation of products
with programmable material printed by 3D printer
Inspirations from Nature
DNA
Protein
Self transformed strand Self assembled cube
Skylar Tibbits, MIT
TED talks, (2013. 4.4)
55. Prospective applications of 4D Printing
Extreme Environments
(Aero space constructions)
Manufacturing
Construction
Infrastructure
Aerospace
Eliminating human error and the confusion of complex instructions
Industrial infrastructure
MIT & Geosyntec.(2012)
Current Application
: Underground adaptive piping
Expand and contract to regulate water flow
56. Visual aids :
Scientific and Architectural Models
Architecture
Complex geometries can be easily generated.
Complex mathematical surface*
*Minimal surface
Growth of nautilus
57. Shapeways
(Producing, Delivering products with 3D-Printing)
Market place to make, buy and sell products by individuals
Possible to Personal Rapid Product Manufacturing
What is shapeways? iPhone 5 case Interior
Lamp
Personal manufacturing
58. Price : 2,199 $
Personal RP machine Personal Rapid Manufacturing
1 layer
: 0.27mm~0.32mm
RP process : FDM
Materials
: ABS, PLA
MakerBot(USA) NP-MENDEL
(Korea)
RP process : FDM
Materials
: ABS, PLA
Price : About 1,200 $
1 layer
: 0.1mm~0.35mm
by personal RM
“Liberator” Gun
Personal manufacturing
60. CARIMA : DLP(Digital Light Processing) type
Product : Master +plus
Material : Photopolymer, visible light lamp
Max. resolution thickness : 40μm~100μm
ROKIT : FDM type
Product : EDISON (About 1,500$)
Material : PLA (plastic)
Max. resolution thickness : 50 μm
SOLISYS : DLP type
Product : SRP
Material : Photopolymer, visible light lamp
Max. resolution thickness : 50-100 µm
NP-Mendel : FDM type
Product : NP-Mendel (About 1,200$)
Material : ABS, PLA (plastic)
Max. resolution thickness : 35μm~100μm
Personal RP machine in Korea
Menix(With KAIST) : Thick–layered RP
Product : VLM series
Material : Styrofoam
Max. resolution thickness : 1~4mm
Personal manufacturing
61. Metal RP machine in Korea
InssTeK : Laser cladding type
Product : MX series
Material : Cu, Al, Ni, Stainless powder (Metal)
Max. resolution thickness : 100μm~2000μm
(Metal-based deposition)
62. Aerospace applications
World’s First 3D Printed airplane (2011)
Rocket part by 3D printing
Functional component
Airbus A380 component
SLS(Selective laser sintering) with titanium
63. Rapid Tooling Process for
functional dies &molds and
Mass production
3D printing을 이용한 쾌속 금형
제작과 대량생산
64. Die and mold manufacturing
Conventional die and mold manufacturing
Subtractive process such as machining
3D printing can produce the die and mold
directly and indirectly !
Disadvantage of subtractive process
Reproducing sharp corners is difficult
Modification of the die geometry is difficult
65. DMLS : Direct Metal Laser SinteringSDM : Shape Deposition Manufacturing
Direct 3D printing of Metals for Die & Mold Making
DMT(Direct Metal Tooling) process
(InssTek INC, Korea)
LENS (Laser Engineered Net shaping)
66. High performance multi-material dieDirect mold fabrication
Copper interior
Steel exterior
Conformal cooling channels
Die with conformal cooling channels
cooling channels
Modification and restoration
Damaged part Restoration
Modification of the die geometry
3D printing changes the die and mold manufacturing trend
Die and mold manufacturing
67. Visualization,
Verification of Design,
Check of
Manufacturability, …
Functional Prototypes and
Manufacturing of small lot size
Manufacturing of Parts using Rapid Tooling
RT Parts (functional material)RP Parts (non-functional material)
Indirect Rapid Tooling
(Single reverse, Double reverse
and Triple reverse process)
Direct Rapid Tooling
Rapid Tooling Technologies
68. Direct Tooling Construction
• Use RP Method to Create Inserts for Injection Mold Tooling
• Mold Made from RP Material
• Method : SLS Rapid Tool
2 Green Part:
Steel particles
with polymer
binder
4 Full dense
metal mold:
steel + copper
3 Brown Part: binder
burned out, infiltrate
with copper
1. Inserts
designed in
CAD
• SLS process used to sinter cavity and
core inserts from Rapid Steel material
- carbon steel powder coated with
polymer
• Inserts infiltrated with polymer solution
for
strength during processing
• Inserts processed in furnace to burn off
polymer and sinter steel.
69. Single Reverse Tooling Methods
• Requires RP Master Pattern of Shape to be Molded
• Parting Line Block Required
• First Side of Tool Cast against Pattern Imbedded in Parting Line Block
• Second Side of Tool Cast against First Side
Create Pattern Create Parting
Line Block
Cast First Side
of Tool
Invert and Remove
Parting Line Block
Cast Second
Side of Tool
Remove Pattern
70. Double Reverse Tooling Construction
• Requires Master Pattern of Cavity and Core Inserts
• Cast Reverses
• Cast Mold Insert Against Reverse
• Double Reveres tooling Method: Quickcast Tooling
Create Insert
Pattern
Cast Reverse Remove Pattern Cast Tool Remove
Reverse
Double Reverse Construction
Process
71. Create Pattern Create Parting
Line Block
Cast First Side
of Dummy Mold
Invert and Remove
Parting Line Block
Cast Second Side
of Dummy Mold
Remove
Pattern
< Single Reverse to Create Dummy Molds >
Dummy
Mold
Cast
Reverse
Remove
Pattern
Cast Tool Remove
Reverse
< Double Reverse to Create Tooling >
Triple Reverse Tooling Construction
73. Cast Epoxy Tooling
• Rigid, Low Shrink Epoxy
– Two Part Materials
– Cures Over Time (Hours)
• Straight Epoxy Face Coat
• Epoxy/Aluminum Backing
Mold Frame
Parting Line Block
Pattern
Aluminum Chips mixed with epoxy
for strength and conductivity
Completed Mold
Mixture poured to cast mold
74. Spray Metal Tooling
• Depositing a thin layer of metal using an arc spray process to create the
surface of the mold
• Materials : Kirksite, zinc-based alloy, steel
• Approx. 0.1” (2.54 mm) Layer Deposited
• Backed with Epoxy or a Low Melting Point Metal alloy
• Advantages :
- Good for large parts
- Little or no additional shrink at the process of mold-making
• Disadvantages :
- limited mold life
- adding metal inserts, increasing cost and lead time for complex shapes
• Applications : parts of significant size with low-to-medium complexity
Completed MoldArc Spray Process
cf. Kirksite - Composite of Al and Zn
75. Electroformed Tooling
• Metal (Usually Nickel) deposited on Pattern in Parting Line Block
• Layer Built Up Over Period of Time
• Backed with Epoxy, Metal, or Ceramic
Electroformed Tool Backed with Chemically Bonded Ceramic
77. Spray forming (Ford)
• Depositing the metal onto the pattern to produce the metal shell by wire
spray guns
• Licensed by Ford
• Shell thickness : up to 19 mm (0.75 inch)
• Deposition rate : about 6.8 kg (15 lbs) of wire material per hour
• Work cell : 760 x 1015 x 250 mm (30 x 40 x 10 inches)
• Accuracy : ±0.15 mm (0.006 inch)
• Significant cost reductions (about 10-15% less than conventional CNC
machining processes)
• Much less time than CNC components
• Embedded conformal cooling channels on the backside of the tool
• Applications : primarily to produce production dies for sheet metal
stampings
One million
Turbine blades
Sample
Tools
&
Parts
60,000
production
Latch covers
Aluminum trim
die
78. Ceramic Shell Casting
Sample
Tools
&
Parts
A Ceramic shell casting process that uses an ceramic slurry
with an EPS pattern or Wax pattern placed inside of the mold
Definition
Thin thickness possible ( layer thickness 5 – 6 mm )
Good tolerance (0.003-0.005”) : Mold does not shrink
Better surface finish
Higher productivity ( automation possible)
Less disposal cost
Advantage
79. Ceramic shell casting process (lost wax)Ceramic shell casting process (lost wax)
1. Making the slurry 2. dipping the wax into the slurry 3. Drying process 4. Dewaxing
5. Pour molten metal 6. Solidification 7. Removing shell
using hammer
Complete
Parts
80. 1. Design CAD model 2. Fabricate foam model 3. Coated with ceramic slurry
4. Coated with sand5. Pouring molten metal
into mold
6. Final part after the
ceramic shell is
broken
EPC(Evaporable Pattern Casting) Proc. for Part ManufacturingEPC(Evaporable Pattern Casting) Proc. for Part Manufacturing
Lost-Foam Process
81. Signal Transmitter Housing for Wireless
Communications Network System
Oil Filter Adapter
Aluminum Transmission Housing L61 Engine Block and Head (General Motors)
ApplicationsApplications
82. Prostheses and Dental implants
Tissues Engineering and Biotechnology
Operation Aids
Bio-Medical Applications
83. Bio application
: Prostheses and Dental implants
First 3D printed jaw
transplant (2012)
Material : Titanium
3D printed
skull implant
Prosthetic legs
Optimized to customer
Direct 3D printing of human parts
: Hearing Aid
Customized by
3D printing
84. Building Process of a Cranial Prosthesis(1/2) (두개골 인공 삽입물)
Ref) http://www.phidias.org, Phidias Rapid Prototyping in Medicine, No. 2, pp. 4, June, 1999.
Prototyping
(Solidscape)
Clinical case
두개골 함몰 인공 삽입물 필요
3D Reconstruction
(Mimics)
Prosthesis Modelling
(SolidWorks)
MRI 측정 인공 삽입물 설계
Custom-made Cranial Prosthesis 필수 빠른 제작, 정확한 삽입물 형상 제작
SLA
Skull
인공 삽입물 형상과 두골형상 비교
85. Bio application : Surgical planning
Minimally invasive surgery with Surgical Planning
Case 2 : Siamese twins
Case 1 : Orthopedic Fracture
86. Bio application : Operation Aids
Siamese twins
CT scan data 3D Printing 3D Print : Replica of twins
UCLA(U.S.) 2002
Ref. cavendishimaging.com
Successful! Operation time : 97hours 22 hours
(Surgical Planning)
88. Cell isolation
Cell proliferation
Cell seeding
into scaffold
In-vitro cell culture/
Tissue regeneration
Tissue transplantation
General procedure for application of 3D scaffold
Bio application : 2D/3D bio scaffolds by RP
89. Bio application : 3D printing of Human Organs
Direct 3D printing of human ear
3D printed artificial ear on a mice
Vacanti mouse Artist Stelios Arcadious
20072002
Conventional method
Cow cartilage cell
to human ear
shaped-mold
2013
Lawrence Bonassar,
(Cornell University)
90. Bio application :
Organovo Holdings Inc.Human Organs (Bio paper + Bio ink)
Bio paper
Bio ink
3D printed artificial blood vessel
(Fraunhofer
Institute, 2011)
Direct 3D printing of human organs
3D printed Bionic ear
Princeton Univ. (2013)
92. Current Trend of
Visual aids: extended appl. Personal manufacturing
High functionality
Wide variety of available materials
More industrial applications
Bio/Medical Application
Customized shape, Bio compatibility
Medical
Operation Aid
Rapid Prototyping Applications
93. Future prospects of RP & 3D Printing
Volumetric manufacture of RP
Animation-enabled(Mobile) RP
Advance of secondary processes
Specialized RP service bureaus
Enhanced surface quality, e.g.
quasi-real life
User-friendly Data Connection
RP Enhancement
& Visual aids
RP Enhancement
& Visual aids
Increased Speed of RP/ Mass
production: Rapid manufacture
Increased Precision of RP
More variety of materials
satisfying required properties,
i.e. functionally gradient
property and foam-like material
Multi-material, metals
Higher and Diverse FunctionalitiesHigher and Diverse Functionalities
Enhancement of customized RP
Low cost 3D printers and low
operation cost
Simplified Data handling for RP
Low cost scanner and data
connection, i.e. camera-based
scanning method (Smart phone
assisted data scanning)
Personal RP machinePersonal RP machine
RP of human skins and hairs
RP of various human organs
RP of bone structures
Simplified handling/ connection
of CT data
RP of stem cells
RP of blood vessels
Diversified Bio/
Medical application
Diversified Bio/
Medical application
94. Expected Future Technologies
Courtesy: J. Harrop@ IDTechEx
Facilitated data acquisition ( cf. Mobile Phone).
- New 3D Scanning solutions
Courtesy: J. Harrop@ IDTechEx