The document discusses genomics tools for studying ant and other emerging model organisms. It highlights several sequencing technologies like 454, Illumina, and Solid that have made sequencing accessible to any lab. Major questions in ant genomics include identifying genes involved in social behavior and longevity. The site Antgenomes.org and tool SequenceServer.com are recommended for genomic work on ants and other emerging model organisms.
Evolution of North American MicruracarusRachel Shoop
My research focuses on the evolution of North American water mites in the genus Arrenurus, Subgenus Micruracarus. In this presentation, I discuss why I chose to study these little known critters, and present some preliminary findings. Please contact me for more info.
Computational approaches to study GeneticsArithmer Inc.
Slide for Arithmer Seminar given by Dr. Jeffrey Fawcett (RIKEN) at Arithmer inc.
The topic is how data science is used in genetics, especially in analyzing thoroughbred gene pool.
"Arithmer Seminar" is weekly held, where professionals from within and outside our company give lectures on their respective expertise.
The slides are made by the lecturer from outside our company, and shared here with his/her permission.
Arithmer株式会社は東京大学大学院数理科学研究科発の数学の会社です。私達は現代数学を応用して、様々な分野のソリューションに、新しい高度AIシステムを導入しています。AIをいかに上手に使って仕事を効率化するか、そして人々の役に立つ結果を生み出すのか、それを考えるのが私たちの仕事です。
Arithmer began at the University of Tokyo Graduate School of Mathematical Sciences. Today, our research of modern mathematics and AI systems has the capability of providing solutions when dealing with tough complex issues. At Arithmer we believe it is our job to realize the functions of AI through improving work efficiency and producing more useful results for society.
The document discusses several arguments for and against cloning extinct animals. The key points are:
1) Cloning extinct animals could provide valuable scientific and educational insights, and help undo past human-caused extinctions.
2) However, significant obstacles remain, such as the difficulty of finding intact DNA from animals that died long ago and the challenges of cloning complex organisms.
3) While technology is improving, cloning techniques are still imperfect and cloned animals often have health problems - it may be premature to attempt cloning extinct species.
Selective breeding involves breeding animals or plants with desired traits to increase those traits in future generations. Genetic variations arise from mutations that can occur naturally or be induced by factors like radiation. While most mutations are harmless, some can be beneficial or harmful, like cancer-causing mutations. Techniques like hybridization and genetic engineering allow further manipulation of organisms by combining genes from different species or rewriting DNA. Transgenic organisms containing genes from other species have potential applications in medicine, agriculture, and materials production, but also raise ethical issues.
This document summarizes research on social evolution in ants. It discusses various ant species like leaf-cutter ants, weaver ants, and Forelius pusillus ants. It also discusses fire ants and their single and multiple queen social forms which are associated with their Gp-9 gene. Genome sequencing of the fire ant revealed expansion of odor receptor genes and other findings. The document covers topics like kin selection, evolution of eusociality, and using modern technologies to study insect societies.
The document provides information on geological times, continental drift, and three schools of evolutionary thought. It summarizes key transitions in evolution such as the RNA world, prokaryotes evolving into eukaryotes, the emergence of sex and multicellularity. It also outlines the geological timescale from eons to epochs and provides examples of major events in Earth's history.
The document summarizes research on the fire ant Solenopsis invicta. It describes how sequencing the genome of a fire ant revealed expansions in gene families related to odor detection and lipid processing. The genome sequencing found over 400 putative olfactory receptor genes, more than any other insect sequenced. It also discovered the fire ant has a functional DNA methylation system. Previous research had linked the fire ant's single or multiple queen social forms to a single gene called Gp-9, but the new genome sequencing allowed a more comprehensive analysis of genes near Gp-9.
Evolution of North American MicruracarusRachel Shoop
My research focuses on the evolution of North American water mites in the genus Arrenurus, Subgenus Micruracarus. In this presentation, I discuss why I chose to study these little known critters, and present some preliminary findings. Please contact me for more info.
Computational approaches to study GeneticsArithmer Inc.
Slide for Arithmer Seminar given by Dr. Jeffrey Fawcett (RIKEN) at Arithmer inc.
The topic is how data science is used in genetics, especially in analyzing thoroughbred gene pool.
"Arithmer Seminar" is weekly held, where professionals from within and outside our company give lectures on their respective expertise.
The slides are made by the lecturer from outside our company, and shared here with his/her permission.
Arithmer株式会社は東京大学大学院数理科学研究科発の数学の会社です。私達は現代数学を応用して、様々な分野のソリューションに、新しい高度AIシステムを導入しています。AIをいかに上手に使って仕事を効率化するか、そして人々の役に立つ結果を生み出すのか、それを考えるのが私たちの仕事です。
Arithmer began at the University of Tokyo Graduate School of Mathematical Sciences. Today, our research of modern mathematics and AI systems has the capability of providing solutions when dealing with tough complex issues. At Arithmer we believe it is our job to realize the functions of AI through improving work efficiency and producing more useful results for society.
The document discusses several arguments for and against cloning extinct animals. The key points are:
1) Cloning extinct animals could provide valuable scientific and educational insights, and help undo past human-caused extinctions.
2) However, significant obstacles remain, such as the difficulty of finding intact DNA from animals that died long ago and the challenges of cloning complex organisms.
3) While technology is improving, cloning techniques are still imperfect and cloned animals often have health problems - it may be premature to attempt cloning extinct species.
Selective breeding involves breeding animals or plants with desired traits to increase those traits in future generations. Genetic variations arise from mutations that can occur naturally or be induced by factors like radiation. While most mutations are harmless, some can be beneficial or harmful, like cancer-causing mutations. Techniques like hybridization and genetic engineering allow further manipulation of organisms by combining genes from different species or rewriting DNA. Transgenic organisms containing genes from other species have potential applications in medicine, agriculture, and materials production, but also raise ethical issues.
This document summarizes research on social evolution in ants. It discusses various ant species like leaf-cutter ants, weaver ants, and Forelius pusillus ants. It also discusses fire ants and their single and multiple queen social forms which are associated with their Gp-9 gene. Genome sequencing of the fire ant revealed expansion of odor receptor genes and other findings. The document covers topics like kin selection, evolution of eusociality, and using modern technologies to study insect societies.
The document provides information on geological times, continental drift, and three schools of evolutionary thought. It summarizes key transitions in evolution such as the RNA world, prokaryotes evolving into eukaryotes, the emergence of sex and multicellularity. It also outlines the geological timescale from eons to epochs and provides examples of major events in Earth's history.
The document summarizes research on the fire ant Solenopsis invicta. It describes how sequencing the genome of a fire ant revealed expansions in gene families related to odor detection and lipid processing. The genome sequencing found over 400 putative olfactory receptor genes, more than any other insect sequenced. It also discovered the fire ant has a functional DNA methylation system. Previous research had linked the fire ant's single or multiple queen social forms to a single gene called Gp-9, but the new genome sequencing allowed a more comprehensive analysis of genes near Gp-9.
This document outlines the schedule and content for an ecology and evolutionary genomics course. The course will introduce students to genomics methods and applications in these fields through lectures, student presentations, and workshops. It will cover major themes like social evolution, conservation, and speciation using a science-driven and interactive approach to help students improve their skills in critically analyzing literature, communicating science, and understanding the peer review process.
1. The document discusses best practices for scientific software development, including writing code for people rather than computers, automating repetitive tasks, using version control, and conducting code reviews.
2. Specific approaches and tools recommended are planning for mistakes, automated testing, continuous integration, and using a coding style guide. R and Ruby style guides are provided as examples.
3. The benefits of following such practices are improving productivity, reducing errors, making code easier to read and maintain, and allowing scientists to focus on scientific questions rather than software issues. Reproducible and sustainable software is the overall goal.
This document provides an overview of genomics and key concepts in bioinformatics. It discusses how genomics uses DNA sequencing and bioinformatics to analyze genomes. Several challenges and techniques in bioinformatics are then outlined, including using Unix and high performance computing, algorithms for sequence alignment, biological databases, and genome assembly and variant calling.
This document outlines the course outline and schedule for an evolution and ecology course. It provides biographies for the three main lecturers - Yannick Wurm, Andrea Hatlen, and Dave Hone. The semester A schedule covers 12 weeks of evolution topics taught by the three lecturers. Semester B covers 12 weeks of ecology topics taught by Dave Hone. Assessment includes workshops, exams, and a field course. Recommended reading materials are also provided.
This document discusses the importance of experimental design for ecological and evolutionary genomics experiments. It notes that poor experimental design can lead to insufficient or misleading data due to issues like pseudoreplication, confounding factors, or inappropriate analysis. The document advises considering factors like calibration of measurement tools, reducing subjective decision making, ensuring subjects are in natural conditions, and avoiding easy mistakes to create a robust experimental design. It also cautions that many types of experiments in ecological and evolutionary genomics, such as reference genome work, gene expression studies, field collections, population surveys, and identifying trait genes, have specific risks of going wrong if the experimental design is inadequate.
This document describes oSwitch, a tool that allows easy access to other operating systems via one-line commands. It works by wrapping Docker containers, allowing commands to be run in different OS environments without disrupting the user's current environment. The document provides an example usage where a user is able to run an "abyss-pe" command in a Biolinux container after it is not found in their native OS. It notes how oSwitch aims to preserve the user's current working directory, login shell, home directory and file permissions during usage.
This document provides guidance on writing skills and best practices for research methods and communications. It discusses writing different types of documents like essays, cover letters, and dissertations. It provides a marking scheme for essay-style questions and criteria for different grade levels. It offers tips for structuring writing clearly with separate introduction, one paragraph per idea, and smooth transitions. The document also discusses using functions and loops in R programming and gives examples. Finally, it promotes practices like reproducible research, sustainable software, and taking notes in Markdown.
This document discusses best practices for organizing computational biology projects. It recommends creating a directory structure with folders for source code, data, documentation, results and binaries/executables. Data folders should include README files explaining where the data came from. Version control is important to track changes over time. Comments and documentation will help others understand the project and allow researchers to revisit past work without reconstructing their experiments from scratch. Organizing and documenting projects thoroughly makes computational experiments more reproducible, understandable and useful to both the original researchers and others in the future.
This document provides an overview and schedule for the course "SBC 361 Research Methods & Comms". The course is a mixture of advanced analytical skills taught in computer labs using the programming language R, and theoretical content covered in lectures and workshops. It includes two workshops on careers in science and popular science writing. Students will complete assignments involving the computer practicals and tutorials, and a mock exam. The schedule details the topics to be covered each week by different professors and teaching staff. It emphasizes the importance of attending classes, completing required work, and doing additional outside reading to succeed in the course.
This document provides guidance on organizing computational biology projects. It recommends:
1. Organizing related projects together under a common root directory, with each project in its own subdirectory.
2. Using a logical top-level structure within each project with chronological organization at lower levels. This allows tracking experiments over time.
3. Including directories for data, source code, results, and documentation. Results subdirectories should be named with dates to allow sorting experiments chronologically.
Taking detailed, dated notes in lab notebooks or Markdown files integrated with analysis code allows fully documenting projects and easily repeating or extending prior work.
2015 12-18- Avoid having to retract your genomics analysis - Popgroup Reprodu...Yannick Wurm
Brief (15min) talk I gave at #PopGroup49 in Edinburgh providing a few simple methods to reduce risk in genomics analyses.
Please cite: Avoid having to retract your genomics analysis (2015) Y Wurm. The Winnower 2, e143696.68941 https://thewinnower.com/papers/avoid-having-to-retract-your-genomics-analysis
First year SBC174 Evolution course - week 2
1. NeoDarwinism/ModernSynthesis
2. Major transitions in Evolution
3. Geological Timescales
4. Some drivers of evolution
The document discusses major geological drivers of evolution on Earth over time, including tectonic movement, volcanism, climate change, and meteorite impacts. These geological forces have caused large-scale migrations, speciation events, mass extinctions, and adaptive radiations in species. Specific examples of major extinction events are described, such as the Permian-Triassic, Cretaceous-Paleogene, and more recent extinctions following human arrival and activities on various continents and islands.
This document discusses the cruelty of animal experimentation and provides examples of the suffering inflicted on animals. It notes that animals are subjected to painful procedures like toxicity testing and disease research without anesthesia. Furthermore, animal testing is argued to be unreliable and a waste of resources, as results often do not translate to humans. Alternative human-focused research methods are suggested that could replace animal experiments.
Bio 240 Enhance teaching / snaptutorial.comHarrisGeorg46
This document contains summaries of multiple biology worksheets and assignments for the course BIO 240. It includes summaries of worksheets on topics like crime scene forensics, disruption of a marine food web, DNA and protein synthesis, and the inheritance of color blindness. It also summarizes assignments on subjects like comparing cell structures, photosynthesis and respiration, natural selection, speciation, and human evolution. The document provides learning materials and prompts for students taking the BIO 240 course.
BIO 240 Education Specialist / snaptutorial.comMcdonaldRyan131
This document contains summaries of multiple worksheets and assignments for a BIO 240 course. It includes summaries of worksheets on topics like crime scene forensics, disruption of a marine food web, DNA analysis, inheritance of color blindness, systematics, and invasive species. It also summarizes assignments on comparing cell structures, photosynthesis and respiration, natural selection, speciation, and human evolution. The document provides an overview of the content and learning objectives for the various course materials.
BIO 240 Exceptional Education - snaptutorial.comDavisMurphyB28
The document contains information about various biology worksheets and assignments for the course BIO 240. It includes summaries and questions about topics like crime scene forensics, disruption of a marine food web, DNA and protein synthesis, evolution, human evolution, inheritance of color blindness, invasive species, photosynthesis and cellular respiration, and systematics. The document provides learning objectives, instructions, and questions for students to complete various worksheets and assignments to demonstrate their understanding of key course concepts.
Bio 240 Exceptional Education / snaptutorial.comDavis142
This document contains summaries of multiple biology worksheets and assignments for the course BIO 240. It includes summaries of worksheets on topics like crime scene forensics, disruption of a marine food web, DNA and protein synthesis, inheritance of color blindness, introduction to systematics, and invasive species. It also lists and describes multiple assignments for the course, including discussion questions, papers, and a learning team presentation on human evolution.
BIO 240 Education Organization -- snaptutorial.comDavisMurphyB94
For more classes visit
www.snaptutorial.com
• how forensic scientists take advantage of genomic variations in noncoding regions of DNA
• the techniques of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and gel electrophoresis
The document discusses the overpopulation of green iguanas in Puerto Rico. Green iguanas were originally introduced as exotic pets, but many were released and have no natural predators in Puerto Rico. They are damaging local ecosystems like mangroves. The author proposes a controlled sterilization program to help reduce the iguana population. The program would involve capturing 50 iguanas, identifying them, surgically sterilizing 25 males and 25 females, observing their behavior, and releasing them to determine if sterilization prevents reproduction. This would help curb population growth without fully extinguishing the species.
This document outlines the schedule and content for an ecology and evolutionary genomics course. The course will introduce students to genomics methods and applications in these fields through lectures, student presentations, and workshops. It will cover major themes like social evolution, conservation, and speciation using a science-driven and interactive approach to help students improve their skills in critically analyzing literature, communicating science, and understanding the peer review process.
1. The document discusses best practices for scientific software development, including writing code for people rather than computers, automating repetitive tasks, using version control, and conducting code reviews.
2. Specific approaches and tools recommended are planning for mistakes, automated testing, continuous integration, and using a coding style guide. R and Ruby style guides are provided as examples.
3. The benefits of following such practices are improving productivity, reducing errors, making code easier to read and maintain, and allowing scientists to focus on scientific questions rather than software issues. Reproducible and sustainable software is the overall goal.
This document provides an overview of genomics and key concepts in bioinformatics. It discusses how genomics uses DNA sequencing and bioinformatics to analyze genomes. Several challenges and techniques in bioinformatics are then outlined, including using Unix and high performance computing, algorithms for sequence alignment, biological databases, and genome assembly and variant calling.
This document outlines the course outline and schedule for an evolution and ecology course. It provides biographies for the three main lecturers - Yannick Wurm, Andrea Hatlen, and Dave Hone. The semester A schedule covers 12 weeks of evolution topics taught by the three lecturers. Semester B covers 12 weeks of ecology topics taught by Dave Hone. Assessment includes workshops, exams, and a field course. Recommended reading materials are also provided.
This document discusses the importance of experimental design for ecological and evolutionary genomics experiments. It notes that poor experimental design can lead to insufficient or misleading data due to issues like pseudoreplication, confounding factors, or inappropriate analysis. The document advises considering factors like calibration of measurement tools, reducing subjective decision making, ensuring subjects are in natural conditions, and avoiding easy mistakes to create a robust experimental design. It also cautions that many types of experiments in ecological and evolutionary genomics, such as reference genome work, gene expression studies, field collections, population surveys, and identifying trait genes, have specific risks of going wrong if the experimental design is inadequate.
This document describes oSwitch, a tool that allows easy access to other operating systems via one-line commands. It works by wrapping Docker containers, allowing commands to be run in different OS environments without disrupting the user's current environment. The document provides an example usage where a user is able to run an "abyss-pe" command in a Biolinux container after it is not found in their native OS. It notes how oSwitch aims to preserve the user's current working directory, login shell, home directory and file permissions during usage.
This document provides guidance on writing skills and best practices for research methods and communications. It discusses writing different types of documents like essays, cover letters, and dissertations. It provides a marking scheme for essay-style questions and criteria for different grade levels. It offers tips for structuring writing clearly with separate introduction, one paragraph per idea, and smooth transitions. The document also discusses using functions and loops in R programming and gives examples. Finally, it promotes practices like reproducible research, sustainable software, and taking notes in Markdown.
This document discusses best practices for organizing computational biology projects. It recommends creating a directory structure with folders for source code, data, documentation, results and binaries/executables. Data folders should include README files explaining where the data came from. Version control is important to track changes over time. Comments and documentation will help others understand the project and allow researchers to revisit past work without reconstructing their experiments from scratch. Organizing and documenting projects thoroughly makes computational experiments more reproducible, understandable and useful to both the original researchers and others in the future.
This document provides an overview and schedule for the course "SBC 361 Research Methods & Comms". The course is a mixture of advanced analytical skills taught in computer labs using the programming language R, and theoretical content covered in lectures and workshops. It includes two workshops on careers in science and popular science writing. Students will complete assignments involving the computer practicals and tutorials, and a mock exam. The schedule details the topics to be covered each week by different professors and teaching staff. It emphasizes the importance of attending classes, completing required work, and doing additional outside reading to succeed in the course.
This document provides guidance on organizing computational biology projects. It recommends:
1. Organizing related projects together under a common root directory, with each project in its own subdirectory.
2. Using a logical top-level structure within each project with chronological organization at lower levels. This allows tracking experiments over time.
3. Including directories for data, source code, results, and documentation. Results subdirectories should be named with dates to allow sorting experiments chronologically.
Taking detailed, dated notes in lab notebooks or Markdown files integrated with analysis code allows fully documenting projects and easily repeating or extending prior work.
2015 12-18- Avoid having to retract your genomics analysis - Popgroup Reprodu...Yannick Wurm
Brief (15min) talk I gave at #PopGroup49 in Edinburgh providing a few simple methods to reduce risk in genomics analyses.
Please cite: Avoid having to retract your genomics analysis (2015) Y Wurm. The Winnower 2, e143696.68941 https://thewinnower.com/papers/avoid-having-to-retract-your-genomics-analysis
First year SBC174 Evolution course - week 2
1. NeoDarwinism/ModernSynthesis
2. Major transitions in Evolution
3. Geological Timescales
4. Some drivers of evolution
The document discusses major geological drivers of evolution on Earth over time, including tectonic movement, volcanism, climate change, and meteorite impacts. These geological forces have caused large-scale migrations, speciation events, mass extinctions, and adaptive radiations in species. Specific examples of major extinction events are described, such as the Permian-Triassic, Cretaceous-Paleogene, and more recent extinctions following human arrival and activities on various continents and islands.
This document discusses the cruelty of animal experimentation and provides examples of the suffering inflicted on animals. It notes that animals are subjected to painful procedures like toxicity testing and disease research without anesthesia. Furthermore, animal testing is argued to be unreliable and a waste of resources, as results often do not translate to humans. Alternative human-focused research methods are suggested that could replace animal experiments.
Bio 240 Enhance teaching / snaptutorial.comHarrisGeorg46
This document contains summaries of multiple biology worksheets and assignments for the course BIO 240. It includes summaries of worksheets on topics like crime scene forensics, disruption of a marine food web, DNA and protein synthesis, and the inheritance of color blindness. It also summarizes assignments on subjects like comparing cell structures, photosynthesis and respiration, natural selection, speciation, and human evolution. The document provides learning materials and prompts for students taking the BIO 240 course.
BIO 240 Education Specialist / snaptutorial.comMcdonaldRyan131
This document contains summaries of multiple worksheets and assignments for a BIO 240 course. It includes summaries of worksheets on topics like crime scene forensics, disruption of a marine food web, DNA analysis, inheritance of color blindness, systematics, and invasive species. It also summarizes assignments on comparing cell structures, photosynthesis and respiration, natural selection, speciation, and human evolution. The document provides an overview of the content and learning objectives for the various course materials.
BIO 240 Exceptional Education - snaptutorial.comDavisMurphyB28
The document contains information about various biology worksheets and assignments for the course BIO 240. It includes summaries and questions about topics like crime scene forensics, disruption of a marine food web, DNA and protein synthesis, evolution, human evolution, inheritance of color blindness, invasive species, photosynthesis and cellular respiration, and systematics. The document provides learning objectives, instructions, and questions for students to complete various worksheets and assignments to demonstrate their understanding of key course concepts.
Bio 240 Exceptional Education / snaptutorial.comDavis142
This document contains summaries of multiple biology worksheets and assignments for the course BIO 240. It includes summaries of worksheets on topics like crime scene forensics, disruption of a marine food web, DNA and protein synthesis, inheritance of color blindness, introduction to systematics, and invasive species. It also lists and describes multiple assignments for the course, including discussion questions, papers, and a learning team presentation on human evolution.
BIO 240 Education Organization -- snaptutorial.comDavisMurphyB94
For more classes visit
www.snaptutorial.com
• how forensic scientists take advantage of genomic variations in noncoding regions of DNA
• the techniques of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and gel electrophoresis
The document discusses the overpopulation of green iguanas in Puerto Rico. Green iguanas were originally introduced as exotic pets, but many were released and have no natural predators in Puerto Rico. They are damaging local ecosystems like mangroves. The author proposes a controlled sterilization program to help reduce the iguana population. The program would involve capturing 50 iguanas, identifying them, surgically sterilizing 25 males and 25 females, observing their behavior, and releasing them to determine if sterilization prevents reproduction. This would help curb population growth without fully extinguishing the species.
Bio 240 Education Redefined-snaptutorial.comrobertledwes30
For more classes visit
www.snaptutorial.com
• how forensic scientists take advantage of genomic variations in noncoding regions of DNA
• the techniques of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and gel electrophoresis
In order to protect nature’s ecological balance and in order to maintain our survival and development, we hope that governments and scientists who are involved with bioengineering will be extremely cautious. It would be better to suspend its development for a century than to act recklessly or to compete with each other for the most radical and extreme advancements.
The document discusses the nematode C. elegans as a model organism for studying Alzheimer's disease. Some key points:
- C. elegans is a useful model organism for neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's due to its short lifespan, transparency, and genetic similarities to humans.
- Sydney Brenner first introduced C. elegans as a model organism in 1963 due to these advantages.
- About 38% of the C. elegans genome is genetically similar to humans, allowing researchers to study genetic pathways involved in neurodegeneration.
Like all technologies, biotechnology offers the potential of enormous benefit but also potential risks. Biotechnology could help address many global problems, such as climate change, an aging society, food security, energy security and infectious diseases, to name just a few.human health and animal health and welfare and increasing livestock productivity. Biotechnology improves the food we eat - meat, milk and eggs. Biotechnology can improve an animal's impact on the environment. And biotechnology enhances ability to detect, treat and prevent diseases.
Selective breeding, mutations, and hybridization are methods that have been used for centuries to introduce desirable traits into organisms. More recently, genetic engineering techniques like DNA extraction, transgenic organisms, cloning, and gene editing have allowed for more direct manipulation of genes. While these advanced methods hold promise for applications like producing human proteins and saving endangered species, they also raise ethical concerns that require careful consideration.
This document provides definitions and explanations of key biology concepts related to plant and animal classification and life cycles, cells, genetics, and heredity. It defines vascular and non-vascular plants, photosynthesis, fungi, vertebrate and invertebrate animals, the plant life cycle stages of germination, seeding, flowering and fruiting, asexual plant reproduction, human traits, genes, heredity, examples of inherited traits, the differences between plant and animal cells including chloroplasts, cell walls, and the roles of the chloroplast, cell wall, and nucleus.
Similar to 2013 11-13-SoftwareSustainabilityInstitute@Manchester (13)
This document discusses the experience of a researcher in genomics with applying FAIR and open approaches. It notes that making data and analysis methods FAIR and open can increase visibility, drive citations, and facilitate collaboration. However, it also enables competition to more easily access and utilize resources without contributing. Striking the right balance between openness and protecting competitive advantages is challenging. Overall, the researcher finds FAIR and open principles have greatly increased the impact and robustness of their work, but there are also costs to consider.
2018 08-reduce risks of genomics researchYannick Wurm
Geoffrey Chang, a protein crystallographer at The Scripps Research Institute, had his career trajectory disrupted when several of his high-profile papers describing protein structures had to be retracted. An in-house software program Chang's lab used to process diffraction data from protein crystals introduced a sign error that inverted the structures, invalidating biological interpretations. This included a 2001 Science paper describing the structure of the MsbA protein. A 2006 Nature paper by Swiss researchers casting doubt on Chang's MsbA structure led him to discover the software error. Chang and his co-authors sincerely regretted the confusion and unproductive research caused by the need to retract their influential papers.
Geoffrey Chang was a prominent structural biologist who received prestigious early career awards. However, his work came under scrutiny when other researchers discovered errors in his published protein structures due to a problem with his in-house data analysis software. This led Chang to retract 5 of his papers describing protein structures. The retractions were costly for Chang's career and reputation as well as for other researchers who had performed follow-up work based on the incorrect structures. The incident highlights the importance of using well-tested, reproducible analysis methods in scientific research.
Keynote talk given at Fairdom User meeting http://fair-dom.org/communities/users/barcelona-2016-first-user-meeting/ .
I begin by summarising how we apply molecular approaches to understand social behaviour in ants. Subsequently, I give an overview of the data-handling challenges the genomic bioinformatics community faces. Finally, I give an overview of some of the tools and approaches my lab have developed to help us get things done better, faster, more reliably and more reproducibly.
The document discusses the genetic basis of social organization in fire ant populations. Researchers used RAD sequencing of haploid males to discover SNPs and genotype individuals at over 2,400 loci. Principal component analysis separated individuals into two clusters corresponding to their social form (single or multiple queen), with the first principal component explaining over 12% of the variance. A region on chromosome 13 containing the Gp-9 gene was completely associated with social form. This research identified a major gene influencing an important social trait using next-generation sequencing techniques.
This document provides an agenda for a spring school on bioinformatics and population genomics, including practical sessions on analyzing genomic data from reads to reference genomes and gene predictions in 6 steps: inspecting and cleaning reads, genome assembly, assessing assembly quality, predicting protein-coding genes, assessing gene prediction quality, and assessing the overall process quality using biological measures. It also addresses wifi issues that could reduce bandwidth and lists the VM password.
This document provides information about a spring school on bioinformatics and population genomics that includes practical sessions. The sessions will cover topics like short read cleaning, genome assembly, gene prediction, quality control, mapping reads to call variants, visualizing variants, analyzing variants through PCA and measuring diversity and differentiation, inferring population sizes and gene flow, and analyzing gene expression from raw sequencing data to expression levels. The document lists the team of practitioners leading the sessions and encourages participants to share their favorite software packages.
This document contains information about programming in R, including practical examples. It discusses accessing and subsetting data, using regular expressions for text search, creating functions, and using loops. Examples are provided to demonstrate creating vectors, accessing subsets of vectors, using regular expressions to find patterns in text, creating functions to convert between units or estimate values, and using for loops to repeat operations over multiple elements. The document suggests R is useful for working with big data in biology and other fields due to its ability to automate tasks, integrate with other tools, and handle large datasets through programming.
This document provides an outline for a lecture on the genetic basis of evolution. It begins with introducing key terms like gene, locus, allele, genotype, and phenotype. It then discusses genetic drift and how drift is influenced by population size. Selection is also introduced and defined as a process where individuals with different genotypes have different fitnesses. The document emphasizes that both genetic drift and selection influence evolution, and neither process should be overemphasized. It aims to move people away from only considering selection (pan-selectionism) and highlights the importance of genetic drift.
This document discusses human evolution and recent insights from genomics. It summarizes that Neanderthals were the closest evolutionary relatives to modern humans and lived in Europe and Western Asia until disappearing 30,000 years ago. A draft sequence of the Neanderthal genome from three individuals was presented, composed of over 4 billion nucleotides. Comparisons with five modern human genomes identified regions potentially affected by selection in ancestral modern humans, involving genes related to metabolism, cognition, and skeletal development. Analysis suggests Neanderthals shared more genetic variants with non-Africans, indicating gene flow from Neanderthals into their ancestors occurred before Eurasian groups diverged.
The document discusses analyzing ancient plant and insect DNA extracted from ice core samples in Greenland. Key points:
- Plant and insect DNA was recovered from silty ice samples taken between 2-3 km deep in the Dye 3 and JEG ice cores in Greenland, dating back to before the last glacial period.
- The DNA was identified as coming from tree species like pine and alder, indicating a boreal forest environment in southern Greenland at the time, rather than today's Arctic conditions.
- Other plant species identified include those from orders like Asterales, Poales, Rosales and Malpighiales. Insect DNA from Lepidoptera was also recovered.
This document provides an introduction to regular expressions (regex) for text search and pattern matching. It explains that regex allows for powerful text searches beyond simple keywords. Various special symbols and constructs are demonstrated that allow matching complex patterns and variants in text. Examples show matching names, sequences, microsatellite repeats and more with regex. Functions, loops and logical operators in R programming are also briefly covered.
The document discusses major geological drivers of evolution including tectonic plate movement, vulcanism, climate change, and meteorite impacts. Tectonic plate movement has caused continental drift and formation of supercontinents like Pangaea, affecting species distributions. Vulcanism causes both local and global climate changes through emission of gases and particles and formation of new land barriers and islands. Climate changes over geological timescales have also impacted evolution. Meteorite impacts have precipitated mass extinctions. These geological forces alter Earth's conditions and drive evolution through large-scale migrations, speciation events, mass extinctions, and adaptive radiations.
This document discusses computational methods and challenges for genome assembly using next-generation sequencing data. It describes the four main stages of genome assembly as preprocessing filtering, graph construction, graph simplification, and postprocessing filtering. Each stage processes the data from the previous stage to build the assembly graph and reduce complexity, though some assemblers delay filtering steps.
This document outlines the course SBC322 Ecological and Evolutionary Genomics. It discusses how new genomic technologies have changed ecology and evolution research by merging molecular and ecological approaches. It aims to critically evaluate research questions, methods, experimental designs and applications in ecological and evolutionary genomics. The course will improve students' skills in critically reading literature, understanding interdisciplinary science, and oral and written scientific communication through interactive small group work, informal and formal presentations, blog posts, and peer review.
The document provides an overview of topics covered in a bioinformatics course, including using Unix, bioinformatics algorithms, biological databases, sequencing technologies, and genome assembly and variant identification. It lists challenges for students in each topic area and provides examples of concepts that will be covered, such as using HPC systems, dynamic programming for sequence alignment, accessing databases like NCBI, processing sequencing data, and identifying variants from assembly. Images are included of different organisms like ants and sequencing technologies. The document aims to outline the scope and challenges of the bioinformatics course.
Sustainable software institute Collaboration workshopYannick Wurm
The document discusses tools for analyzing biological data. It summarizes four tools:
1. SequenceServer - A simple web interface for BLAST that handles formatting and installing BLAST locally.
2. oSwitch - Allows rapidly switching between operating systems and container environments to access specific bioinformatics software without installation.
3. GeneValidator - Helps curate gene predictions by identifying problematic predictions, choosing best alternative models, and aiding manual curation of individual genes.
4. Afra - A crowdsourcing platform that aims to crowdsource the visual inspection and correction of gene models by recruiting and training students, ensuring quality through tutorials, redundancy and senior review, and creating small, simple initial tasks.
This document provides an overview of genomic tools and best practices for scientific computing. It discusses SequenceServer, a tool for BLAST searches, and Bionode, a collection of Node.js modules for bioinformatics. It also discusses challenges with gene prediction and introduces GeneValidator, a tool for visual inspection and manual correction of gene predictions. Key points include automating repetitive tasks, writing code for people through style guides, and using version control and modularization to improve code quality and reproducibility.
The document discusses genomic analysis of the fire ant Solenopsis invicta. It notes that the genome sequencing of a Gp-9 B male fire ant revealed an expansion of lipid-processing gene families and over 420 putative olfactory receptors, more than any other insect. It also identified a functional DNA methylation system. Previous research had linked the fire ant's social structure to its Gp-9 locus, but genome sequencing provided more genomic context around this gene and others related to social behavior and chemical signaling.
The document discusses genomic research on fire ants. It summarizes that the genome of a fire ant was sequenced, which revealed an expansion of lipid-processing and olfactory receptor genes. Over 400 putative olfactory receptors were identified, more than any other insect sequenced so far. The genome also contains a functional DNA methylation system. Previous research on fire ants linked their social structure to a single gene (Gp-9), but sequencing of the entire genome allowed further investigation into other genes that may be linked.
Gender and Mental Health - Counselling and Family Therapy Applications and In...PsychoTech Services
A proprietary approach developed by bringing together the best of learning theories from Psychology, design principles from the world of visualization, and pedagogical methods from over a decade of training experience, that enables you to: Learn better, faster!
A Visual Guide to 1 Samuel | A Tale of Two HeartsSteve Thomason
These slides walk through the story of 1 Samuel. Samuel is the last judge of Israel. The people reject God and want a king. Saul is anointed as the first king, but he is not a good king. David, the shepherd boy is anointed and Saul is envious of him. David shows honor while Saul continues to self destruct.
Leveraging Generative AI to Drive Nonprofit InnovationTechSoup
In this webinar, participants learned how to utilize Generative AI to streamline operations and elevate member engagement. Amazon Web Service experts provided a customer specific use cases and dived into low/no-code tools that are quick and easy to deploy through Amazon Web Service (AWS.)
Andreas Schleicher presents PISA 2022 Volume III - Creative Thinking - 18 Jun...EduSkills OECD
Andreas Schleicher, Director of Education and Skills at the OECD presents at the launch of PISA 2022 Volume III - Creative Minds, Creative Schools on 18 June 2024.
Level 3 NCEA - NZ: A Nation In the Making 1872 - 1900 SML.pptHenry Hollis
The History of NZ 1870-1900.
Making of a Nation.
From the NZ Wars to Liberals,
Richard Seddon, George Grey,
Social Laboratory, New Zealand,
Confiscations, Kotahitanga, Kingitanga, Parliament, Suffrage, Repudiation, Economic Change, Agriculture, Gold Mining, Timber, Flax, Sheep, Dairying,
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering.pptxDenish Jangid
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering
Syllabus
Chapter-1
Introduction to objective, scope and outcome the subject
Chapter 2
Introduction: Scope and Specialization of Civil Engineering, Role of civil Engineer in Society, Impact of infrastructural development on economy of country.
Chapter 3
Surveying: Object Principles & Types of Surveying; Site Plans, Plans & Maps; Scales & Unit of different Measurements.
Linear Measurements: Instruments used. Linear Measurement by Tape, Ranging out Survey Lines and overcoming Obstructions; Measurements on sloping ground; Tape corrections, conventional symbols. Angular Measurements: Instruments used; Introduction to Compass Surveying, Bearings and Longitude & Latitude of a Line, Introduction to total station.
Levelling: Instrument used Object of levelling, Methods of levelling in brief, and Contour maps.
Chapter 4
Buildings: Selection of site for Buildings, Layout of Building Plan, Types of buildings, Plinth area, carpet area, floor space index, Introduction to building byelaws, concept of sun light & ventilation. Components of Buildings & their functions, Basic concept of R.C.C., Introduction to types of foundation
Chapter 5
Transportation: Introduction to Transportation Engineering; Traffic and Road Safety: Types and Characteristics of Various Modes of Transportation; Various Road Traffic Signs, Causes of Accidents and Road Safety Measures.
Chapter 6
Environmental Engineering: Environmental Pollution, Environmental Acts and Regulations, Functional Concepts of Ecology, Basics of Species, Biodiversity, Ecosystem, Hydrological Cycle; Chemical Cycles: Carbon, Nitrogen & Phosphorus; Energy Flow in Ecosystems.
Water Pollution: Water Quality standards, Introduction to Treatment & Disposal of Waste Water. Reuse and Saving of Water, Rain Water Harvesting. Solid Waste Management: Classification of Solid Waste, Collection, Transportation and Disposal of Solid. Recycling of Solid Waste: Energy Recovery, Sanitary Landfill, On-Site Sanitation. Air & Noise Pollution: Primary and Secondary air pollutants, Harmful effects of Air Pollution, Control of Air Pollution. . Noise Pollution Harmful Effects of noise pollution, control of noise pollution, Global warming & Climate Change, Ozone depletion, Greenhouse effect
Text Books:
1. Palancharmy, Basic Civil Engineering, McGraw Hill publishers.
2. Satheesh Gopi, Basic Civil Engineering, Pearson Publishers.
3. Ketki Rangwala Dalal, Essentials of Civil Engineering, Charotar Publishing House.
4. BCP, Surveying volume 1
This presentation was provided by Racquel Jemison, Ph.D., Christina MacLaughlin, Ph.D., and Paulomi Majumder. Ph.D., all of the American Chemical Society, for the second session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session Two: 'Expanding Pathways to Publishing Careers,' was held June 13, 2024.
This presentation was provided by Rebecca Benner, Ph.D., of the American Society of Anesthesiologists, for the second session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session Two: 'Expanding Pathways to Publishing Careers,' was held June 13, 2024.
41. With the fellowship I will:
• Organize
a local Software-Carpentry-type event.
42. With the fellowship I will:
• Organize
• Include
a local Software-Carpentry-type event.
software & reproducibility best practices on two new
MSc & existing BSc.
43. With the fellowship I will:
• Organize
a local Software-Carpentry-type event.
• Include
software & reproducibility best practices on two new
MSc & existing BSc.
• Promote/lobby
in line with SSI’s mission (internally/talks/conf//
networking/publications/web).
44. With the fellowship I will:
• Organize
a local Software-Carpentry-type event.
• Include
software & reproducibility best practices on two new
MSc & existing BSc.
• Promote/lobby
in line with SSI’s mission (internally/talks/conf//
networking/publications/web).
• Seek
funds to create great sustainable bioinformatics software.