A brief understanding of market efficiency. this ppt includes a definition of market efficiency, what are the factors to be considered, degree of ME-
first-degree,
second degree
third degree,
why the study of market efficiency is important.
An example to understand.
Defined Expected utility theory,
Defined Prospect Theory,
Defined Disposition effect
Defined Heuristics and biases
Contact: rehankango@ymail.com +92337548656
IOSR Journal of Economics and Finance (IOSR-JEF) discourages theoretical articles that are limited to axiomatics or that discuss minor variations of familiar models. Similarly, IOSR-JEF has little interest in empirical papers that do not explain the model's theoretical foundations or that exhausts themselves in applying a new or established technique (such as cointegration) to another data set without providing very good reasons why this research is important.
A brief understanding of market efficiency. this ppt includes a definition of market efficiency, what are the factors to be considered, degree of ME-
first-degree,
second degree
third degree,
why the study of market efficiency is important.
An example to understand.
Defined Expected utility theory,
Defined Prospect Theory,
Defined Disposition effect
Defined Heuristics and biases
Contact: rehankango@ymail.com +92337548656
IOSR Journal of Economics and Finance (IOSR-JEF) discourages theoretical articles that are limited to axiomatics or that discuss minor variations of familiar models. Similarly, IOSR-JEF has little interest in empirical papers that do not explain the model's theoretical foundations or that exhausts themselves in applying a new or established technique (such as cointegration) to another data set without providing very good reasons why this research is important.
Supported Multiple Choice Questions for Unit 3 Economicstutor2u
Maximum mark is 2/4 if the incorrect answer is given
Knock-outs / rejection explanations:
Incorrect options can be knocked out, if relevant economic reasoning is given, for 1 mark each time.
Up to two knock out marks can be awarded for each supported choice question
There must be some valid economics rationale to the answer in order to earn a mark (this is vital)
Good practice
Define key terms in the question / or in the correct answer stem
Application to the specific context is always encouraged
Draw supporting analysis diagrams (fully labelled)
Annotate clearly and fully any diagrams that are provided
Complete tables of data where necessary
Write in proper sentences but bullet them for emphasis
Practice papers to increase the speed and accuracy of your answers. Work systematically through the specification.
Investment Decision — Capital Budgeting Techniques — Pay Back Method — Accounting Rate Of Return — NPV — IRR — Discounted Pay Back Method — Capital Rationing — Risk Adjusted Techniques Of Capital Budgeting. — Capital Budgeting Practices
Consumer Behaviour is the study of how individual customers, groups or organizations select, buy, use, and dispose ideas, goods, and services to satisfy their needs and wants. It refers to the actions of the consumers in the marketplace and the underlying motives for those actions. The study of Consumer Behaviour assumes that the consumers are actors in the marketplace.
Risk and uncertainty are related, but different concepts that many people struggle to understand. This presentation defines and explains the difference between risk and uncertainty and how they are measured, so that they can be properly managed in a business context.
Please add any comments or feedback, and share this presentaiton with your colleagues, thanks!
Feel free to contact me via LinkedIn if you have any questions:
http://www.linkedin.com/in/kelvinstott
Alternatively, please visit or join our LinkedIn group, ’Big Ideas in R&D Productivity & Project / Portfolio Management’:
http://www.linkedin.com/groups/Big-Ideas-in-Pharma-R-4322249
Supported Multiple Choice Questions for Unit 3 Economicstutor2u
Maximum mark is 2/4 if the incorrect answer is given
Knock-outs / rejection explanations:
Incorrect options can be knocked out, if relevant economic reasoning is given, for 1 mark each time.
Up to two knock out marks can be awarded for each supported choice question
There must be some valid economics rationale to the answer in order to earn a mark (this is vital)
Good practice
Define key terms in the question / or in the correct answer stem
Application to the specific context is always encouraged
Draw supporting analysis diagrams (fully labelled)
Annotate clearly and fully any diagrams that are provided
Complete tables of data where necessary
Write in proper sentences but bullet them for emphasis
Practice papers to increase the speed and accuracy of your answers. Work systematically through the specification.
Investment Decision — Capital Budgeting Techniques — Pay Back Method — Accounting Rate Of Return — NPV — IRR — Discounted Pay Back Method — Capital Rationing — Risk Adjusted Techniques Of Capital Budgeting. — Capital Budgeting Practices
Consumer Behaviour is the study of how individual customers, groups or organizations select, buy, use, and dispose ideas, goods, and services to satisfy their needs and wants. It refers to the actions of the consumers in the marketplace and the underlying motives for those actions. The study of Consumer Behaviour assumes that the consumers are actors in the marketplace.
Risk and uncertainty are related, but different concepts that many people struggle to understand. This presentation defines and explains the difference between risk and uncertainty and how they are measured, so that they can be properly managed in a business context.
Please add any comments or feedback, and share this presentaiton with your colleagues, thanks!
Feel free to contact me via LinkedIn if you have any questions:
http://www.linkedin.com/in/kelvinstott
Alternatively, please visit or join our LinkedIn group, ’Big Ideas in R&D Productivity & Project / Portfolio Management’:
http://www.linkedin.com/groups/Big-Ideas-in-Pharma-R-4322249
Presentation by Prof. George Gray, Director of the Centre for Risk Science and Public Health, George Washington University, at the Workshop on Risk Assessment in Regulatory Policy Analysis (RIA), Session 5, Mexico, 9-11 June 2014. Further information is available at http://www.oecd.org/gov/regulatory-policy/
The second in our 3 part series on How to Build Decision Management Systems. Part 2 Decision Services describes the core of a Decision Management System, a set of software components that make these decisions accurately, reliably and responsively, leveraging advanced analytics and business rules management systems.
Most states in the US require separation distances between livestock production/ manure storage facilities and water resources
Iowa, for example, for liquid manure from animal buildings and manure storages requires 150 -300 meters separation
15. PPuurree RRiisskk vvss SSppeeccuullaattiivvee RRiisskk
Pure Risk Speculative Risk
Pure risk exists when there is uncertainty
as to whether loss will occur.
A category of risk in which loss is the only
possible outcome; there is no beneficial
result.
Speculative risk exists when there is
uncertainty about an event that could
produce either a profit or a loss.
A category of risk that, when undertaken,
results in an uncertain degree of gain or
loss.
· No possibility of gain is presented by pure
risk – only the potential for loss.
· Gains as well as losses may occur, changing
the nature of the uncertainty that is present.
· Examples :
o Home insurance can be used to protect
homeowners from the risk that their
homes will be destroyed.
o The uncertainty of damage to property
by fire or flood
o The prospect of premature death caused
by accident or illness
· Examples:
o Business ventures
o Investment decisions
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16. Diversifiable vvss NNoonn DDiivveerrssiiffiiaabbllee
Diversifiable Risk Non-diversifiable Risk
Risk that is, in the limit, eliminated by combining a
large number of assets in a portfolio.
Risk that can be eliminated through
diversification.
Also called Unsystematic Risk or controllable risk.
The risk inherent to the entire market or entire
market segment.
Also known as "systematic risk" or "market risk."
It results from the occurrence of random events
such as labor strikes, lawsuits, or loss of key
accounts.
Business, liquidity, and default risks fall into this
category.
It is assumed that any investor can create a
portfolio in which this type of risk is completely
eliminated through diversification.
For example, a sudden strike by the employees of
a company you have shares in, is considered to
be an unsystematic risk.
Interest rates, recession and wars all represent
sources of systematic risk because they will
affect the entire market and cannot be avoided
through diversification.
Whereas this type of risk affects a broad range of
securities, unsystematic risk affects a very
specific group of securities or an individual
security.
Systematic risk can be mitigated only by being
hedged.
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19. Level of Uncertainty Characteristics Examples
None (certainty) Outcomes can be
predicted with precision
Physical laws, natural
sciences
Level 1 (objective
uncertainty
Outcomes are identified
and probabilities are
known
Games of chance : cards,
dice, risk of loss of life
Level 2 (subjective
uncertainty)
Outcomes are identified
but probabilities are
unknown
Fire, motor vehicle
accident, many
investments
Level 3 Outcomes are not fully
identified and
probabilities are unknown
Space exploration,
genetic research
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