Laparoscopic cholecystectomy has been the standard procedure for gallbladder removal since the 1990s. Recently, single incision laparoscopic cholecystectomy (SILC) has been developed to further reduce invasiveness. While technically challenging, SILC offers benefits like less pain, faster recovery, and better cosmetic outcomes compared to standard laparoscopic cholecystectomy. The document presents a study protocol to evaluate the benefits of SILC with intraoperative cholangiography, including safety, reduced invasiveness, and ability to manage unexpected bile duct issues. The prospective randomized study will compare outcomes of SILC with cholangiography to standard techniques in 100 patients. Results will help determine if S
One of the limitations of minimal access surgery is difficulty in retrieval of tissue. Previously, surgeons were reluctant to perform many of the advanced surgical procedure due to this difficult procedure.
Laparoscopic sterilization was the first popular minimal access surgical procedure ever performed. Laparoscopic sterilization is very straightforward procedure. Worldwide laparoscopic sterilization is now the most commonly applied method for family planning
Appendicitis was first recognized as a disease entity in the 16th century and was called perityphlitis. McBurney first described its clinical findings in 1889.
On July 11, 2000, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved the first completely robotic surgery device, the da Vinci surgical system from Intuitive Surgical (Mountain View, CA).
Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the gold standard for the treatment of gallstone disease. The operation is routinely performed using four or three ports of entry into the abdomen. At laparoscopy hospital, we frequently perform cholecystectomy by two-port method using modified extracorporeal knot.
The future laparoscopic technology includes threedimensional virtual reality and expands the scanning rate from 525 lines of resolution to 1,000 or 1,200 lines per frame and the quality of picture would be twice better than existing system.
Minimal access surgery is a routine surgical practice due to its minimal invasive and associated advantages. It has a lot of advantages but not devoid of complication, one of the major concerned complication is the trocar site herniation (TSH).
Peritoneal adhesions are a common cause of bowel obstruction, pelvic pain, and infertility. More often than not, these adhesions need to be released surgically for the management of these complications.
One of the limitations of minimal access surgery is difficulty in retrieval of tissue. Previously, surgeons were reluctant to perform many of the advanced surgical procedure due to this difficult procedure.
Laparoscopic sterilization was the first popular minimal access surgical procedure ever performed. Laparoscopic sterilization is very straightforward procedure. Worldwide laparoscopic sterilization is now the most commonly applied method for family planning
Appendicitis was first recognized as a disease entity in the 16th century and was called perityphlitis. McBurney first described its clinical findings in 1889.
On July 11, 2000, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved the first completely robotic surgery device, the da Vinci surgical system from Intuitive Surgical (Mountain View, CA).
Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the gold standard for the treatment of gallstone disease. The operation is routinely performed using four or three ports of entry into the abdomen. At laparoscopy hospital, we frequently perform cholecystectomy by two-port method using modified extracorporeal knot.
The future laparoscopic technology includes threedimensional virtual reality and expands the scanning rate from 525 lines of resolution to 1,000 or 1,200 lines per frame and the quality of picture would be twice better than existing system.
Minimal access surgery is a routine surgical practice due to its minimal invasive and associated advantages. It has a lot of advantages but not devoid of complication, one of the major concerned complication is the trocar site herniation (TSH).
Peritoneal adhesions are a common cause of bowel obstruction, pelvic pain, and infertility. More often than not, these adhesions need to be released surgically for the management of these complications.
Most ovarian abnormalities can be managed laparoscopically. Ovarian pathology can occur at any time from fetal life to menopause. First laparoscopic salpingooophorectomy was performed by Semm in 1984.
Dissection is defined as the separation of tissues with hemostasis. It consists of a sensory visual and tactile component, an access component involving tissue manipulation, and instrument maneuverability.
Laparoscopic colon resections are being performed with increasing frequency all over the world. However, the use of minimal access surgery in colorectal surgery has lagged behind its application in other surgical fields.
A History of Natural Orifice Transvaginal Endoscopic Surgery. From Ventroscopy, Culdolaparoscopy, and MANOS to NOTES.
Эндоскопическая транслюминальная хирургия
Ventroscopia.
This presentation will help u know with the history,present and coming up trends in laparoscopy .Also it is an acquaintance presentation regarding laparoscopy.
Minimally invasive/accessed surgery comprises of robotic and non robotic surgery. Non robotic surgery includes laparoscopy, endoscopy, arthroscopy and etc.
Natural Orifice Transluminal Endoscopic Surgery, NOTES.
"scarless" abdominal surgery with an endoscope passed through a natural orifice (MOUTH, URETHRA, ANUS, VAGINA) then through an internal incision in the stomach, vagina, bladder or colon, thus avoiding any external incisions or scars.
Over the last two decades, laparoscopic cholecystectomy
has replaced open cholecystectomy as the standard surgical procedure for majority of patients of gall stone disease. Till 1999, laparoscopic Cholecystectomy was being performed using multiple ports usually 3 or 4 ports.
Intensive desire of surgeon to reduce the number of ports led invention of two port cholecystectomy and then finally
single incision laparoscopic cholecystectomy (SILC) .
Most ovarian abnormalities can be managed laparoscopically. Ovarian pathology can occur at any time from fetal life to menopause. First laparoscopic salpingooophorectomy was performed by Semm in 1984.
Dissection is defined as the separation of tissues with hemostasis. It consists of a sensory visual and tactile component, an access component involving tissue manipulation, and instrument maneuverability.
Laparoscopic colon resections are being performed with increasing frequency all over the world. However, the use of minimal access surgery in colorectal surgery has lagged behind its application in other surgical fields.
A History of Natural Orifice Transvaginal Endoscopic Surgery. From Ventroscopy, Culdolaparoscopy, and MANOS to NOTES.
Эндоскопическая транслюминальная хирургия
Ventroscopia.
This presentation will help u know with the history,present and coming up trends in laparoscopy .Also it is an acquaintance presentation regarding laparoscopy.
Minimally invasive/accessed surgery comprises of robotic and non robotic surgery. Non robotic surgery includes laparoscopy, endoscopy, arthroscopy and etc.
Natural Orifice Transluminal Endoscopic Surgery, NOTES.
"scarless" abdominal surgery with an endoscope passed through a natural orifice (MOUTH, URETHRA, ANUS, VAGINA) then through an internal incision in the stomach, vagina, bladder or colon, thus avoiding any external incisions or scars.
Over the last two decades, laparoscopic cholecystectomy
has replaced open cholecystectomy as the standard surgical procedure for majority of patients of gall stone disease. Till 1999, laparoscopic Cholecystectomy was being performed using multiple ports usually 3 or 4 ports.
Intensive desire of surgeon to reduce the number of ports led invention of two port cholecystectomy and then finally
single incision laparoscopic cholecystectomy (SILC) .
IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences is one of the speciality Journal in Dental Science and Medical Science published by International Organization of Scientific Research (IOSR). The Journal publishes papers of the highest scientific merit and widest possible scope work in all areas related to medical and dental science. The Journal welcome review articles, leading medical and clinical research articles, technical notes, case reports and others.
Robotic hysterectomy: A review of indications, technique, outcome, and compli...Apollo Hospitals
Hysterectomy is the second most common surgery performed on women after cesarean section. The advantages of minimally invasive hysterectomy such as reduced hospitalization, quick recovery with more rapid return to normal activities, and less postoperative morbidity are well known. Although most guidelines recommend that minimally invasive hysterectomy should be the standard of care, the gynecologists have been slow in adopting minimally invasive laparoscopic techniques to perform this operation. Since its approval in 2005 for gynecological surgeries, robot-assisted hysterectomy has been found to be feasible and safe both in benign and malignant indications. This significant difference is mainly due to ergonomics, endowrist movements of instruments, and stereoscopic three-dimensional magnified vision. The specific indications for hysterectomy where the robotic technology can benefit women are the ones with adhesions such as severe endometriosis, large uterus with large or multiple fibroids, early carcinoma cervix, and/or endometrial carcinoma. However the main benefit of this procedure was seen in the reduction of open surgery including conversions during laparoscopic hysterectomies. In the long run, we need to critically examine the long-term benefits and appropriate indications for robot-assisted hysterectomy especially in benign conditions, thus reducing the incidence of open surgery in gynecology. This review describes the operative procedure of robotic hysterectomy in eight steps.
RCT on Base tie in laparoscopic appendecomy (Journal Club).pptxadnanhabib31
This is ppt made on a study based on Randomised controlled trial on the tie of appendix base in laparoscopic appendectomy by hem-o-lok,endoloop or stapler.This study showed that hem-o-lok clips are better and cheaper as compared to others.
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Ve...kevinkariuki227
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
Report Back from SGO 2024: What’s the Latest in Cervical Cancer?bkling
Are you curious about what’s new in cervical cancer research or unsure what the findings mean? Join Dr. Emily Ko, a gynecologic oncologist at Penn Medicine, to learn about the latest updates from the Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) 2024 Annual Meeting on Women’s Cancer. Dr. Ko will discuss what the research presented at the conference means for you and answer your questions about the new developments.
Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex System Analysis, S...Oleg Kshivets
RESULTS: Overall life span (LS) was 2252.1±1742.5 days and cumulative 5-year survival (5YS) reached 73.2%, 10 years – 64.8%, 20 years – 42.5%. 513 LCP lived more than 5 years (LS=3124.6±1525.6 days), 148 LCP – more than 10 years (LS=5054.4±1504.1 days).199 LCP died because of LC (LS=562.7±374.5 days). 5YS of LCP after bi/lobectomies was significantly superior in comparison with LCP after pneumonectomies (78.1% vs.63.7%, P=0.00001 by log-rank test). AT significantly improved 5YS (66.3% vs. 34.8%) (P=0.00000 by log-rank test) only for LCP with N1-2. Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: phase transition (PT) early-invasive LC in terms of synergetics, PT N0—N12, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells- CC and blood cells subpopulations), G1-3, histology, glucose, AT, blood cell circuit, prothrombin index, heparin tolerance, recalcification time (P=0.000-0.038). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and PT early-invasive LC (rank=1), PT N0—N12 (rank=2), thrombocytes/CC (3), erythrocytes/CC (4), eosinophils/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), segmented neutrophils/CC (8), stick neutrophils/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10); leucocytes/CC (11). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (area under ROC curve=1.0; error=0.0).
CONCLUSIONS: 5YS of LCP after radical procedures significantly depended on: 1) PT early-invasive cancer; 2) PT N0--N12; 3) cell ratio factors; 4) blood cell circuit; 5) biochemical factors; 6) hemostasis system; 7) AT; 8) LC characteristics; 9) LC cell dynamics; 10) surgery type: lobectomy/pneumonectomy; 11) anthropometric data. Optimal diagnosis and treatment strategies for LC are: 1) screening and early detection of LC; 2) availability of experienced thoracic surgeons because of complexity of radical procedures; 3) aggressive en block surgery and adequate lymph node dissection for completeness; 4) precise prediction; 5) adjuvant chemoimmunoradiotherapy for LCP with unfavorable prognosis.
Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility...Sujoy Dasgupta
Dr Sujoy Dasgupta presented the study on "Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility? – The unexplored stories of non-consummation" in the 13th Congress of the Asia Pacific Initiative on Reproduction (ASPIRE 2024) at Manila on 24 May, 2024.
Pulmonary Thromboembolism - etilogy, types, medical- Surgical and nursing man...VarunMahajani
Disruption of blood supply to lung alveoli due to blockage of one or more pulmonary blood vessels is called as Pulmonary thromboembolism. In this presentation we will discuss its causes, types and its management in depth.
Ethanol (CH3CH2OH), or beverage alcohol, is a two-carbon alcohol
that is rapidly distributed in the body and brain. Ethanol alters many
neurochemical systems and has rewarding and addictive properties. It
is the oldest recreational drug and likely contributes to more morbidity,
mortality, and public health costs than all illicit drugs combined. The
5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
(DSM-5) integrates alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence into a single
disorder called alcohol use disorder (AUD), with mild, moderate,
and severe subclassifications (American Psychiatric Association, 2013).
In the DSM-5, all types of substance abuse and dependence have been
combined into a single substance use disorder (SUD) on a continuum
from mild to severe. A diagnosis of AUD requires that at least two of
the 11 DSM-5 behaviors be present within a 12-month period (mild
AUD: 2–3 criteria; moderate AUD: 4–5 criteria; severe AUD: 6–11 criteria).
The four main behavioral effects of AUD are impaired control over
drinking, negative social consequences, risky use, and altered physiological
effects (tolerance, withdrawal). This chapter presents an overview
of the prevalence and harmful consequences of AUD in the U.S.,
the systemic nature of the disease, neurocircuitry and stages of AUD,
comorbidities, fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, genetic risk factors, and
pharmacotherapies for AUD.
New Directions in Targeted Therapeutic Approaches for Older Adults With Mantl...i3 Health
i3 Health is pleased to make the speaker slides from this activity available for use as a non-accredited self-study or teaching resource.
This slide deck presented by Dr. Kami Maddocks, Professor-Clinical in the Division of Hematology and
Associate Division Director for Ambulatory Operations
The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, will provide insight into new directions in targeted therapeutic approaches for older adults with mantle cell lymphoma.
STATEMENT OF NEED
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a rare, aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) accounting for 5% to 7% of all lymphomas. Its prognosis ranges from indolent disease that does not require treatment for years to very aggressive disease, which is associated with poor survival (Silkenstedt et al, 2021). Typically, MCL is diagnosed at advanced stage and in older patients who cannot tolerate intensive therapy (NCCN, 2022). Although recent advances have slightly increased remission rates, recurrence and relapse remain very common, leading to a median overall survival between 3 and 6 years (LLS, 2021). Though there are several effective options, progress is still needed towards establishing an accepted frontline approach for MCL (Castellino et al, 2022). Treatment selection and management of MCL are complicated by the heterogeneity of prognosis, advanced age and comorbidities of patients, and lack of an established standard approach for treatment, making it vital that clinicians be familiar with the latest research and advances in this area. In this activity chaired by Michael Wang, MD, Professor in the Department of Lymphoma & Myeloma at MD Anderson Cancer Center, expert faculty will discuss prognostic factors informing treatment, the promising results of recent trials in new therapeutic approaches, and the implications of treatment resistance in therapeutic selection for MCL.
Target Audience
Hematology/oncology fellows, attending faculty, and other health care professionals involved in the treatment of patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL).
Learning Objectives
1.) Identify clinical and biological prognostic factors that can guide treatment decision making for older adults with MCL
2.) Evaluate emerging data on targeted therapeutic approaches for treatment-naive and relapsed/refractory MCL and their applicability to older adults
3.) Assess mechanisms of resistance to targeted therapies for MCL and their implications for treatment selection
Ozempic: Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Saeid Safari
Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists like Ozempic and Semiglutide
ASA GUIDELINE
NYSORA Guideline
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ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HEALTHCARE.pdfAnujkumaranit
Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems. It encompasses tasks such as learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, and language understanding. AI technologies are revolutionizing various fields, from healthcare to finance, by enabling machines to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence.
The prostate is an exocrine gland of the male mammalian reproductive system
It is a walnut-sized gland that forms part of the male reproductive system and is located in front of the rectum and just below the urinary bladder
Function is to store and secrete a clear, slightly alkaline fluid that constitutes 10-30% of the volume of the seminal fluid that along with the spermatozoa, constitutes semen
A healthy human prostate measures (4cm-vertical, by 3cm-horizontal, 2cm ant-post ).
It surrounds the urethra just below the urinary bladder. It has anterior, median, posterior and two lateral lobes
It’s work is regulated by androgens which are responsible for male sex characteristics
Generalised disease of the prostate due to hormonal derangement which leads to non malignant enlargement of the gland (increase in the number of epithelial cells and stromal tissue)to cause compression of the urethra leading to symptoms (LUTS
micro teaching on communication m.sc nursing.pdfAnurag Sharma
Microteaching is a unique model of practice teaching. It is a viable instrument for the. desired change in the teaching behavior or the behavior potential which, in specified types of real. classroom situations, tends to facilitate the achievement of specified types of objectives.
1. INTRODUCTION
Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) has been the gold standard for removal of
the gallbladder since the early 1990. As technology has progressed; surgeons have
begun to develop less invasive methods for this commonly performed procedure
(Rawlings et al., 2010). (1)
Recently, technical improvements have allowed many minimally invasive
procedures to be adapted to a reduced number of incisions, and in many cases only one
incision, single incision surgery is most common (Joseph et al., 2012).(2) Navarra first
described the laparoscopic removal of a gallbladder through multiple ports in a single
periumbilical incision in 1997 (Hall et al., 2012).(3)
Single incision laparoscopic cholecystectomy also goes other terminologies,such
as
transumbilical
Laparoscopic
cholecystectomy,
single
port
laparoscopic
cholecystectomy, natural orifice transumbilical surgery (NOTUS) cholecystectomy and
laparoendoscopic single site (LESS) cholecystectomy (osuagwu, 2013).(4)
Although single incision laparscopic cholecystectomy (SILC) remains technically
challenging for most surgeons, it can offer potential advantages, including less
postoperative pain, shorter recovery time, improved cosmetic outcome, and higher
patient satisfaction. Recent randomized controlled trials showed that SILC is a safe
procedure with better cosmetic results as compared to conventional LC (Sato et al.,
2013).
(5)
The indications for single incision laparoscopic cholecystectomy include the
following:Biliary colic , Biliary dyskinesia , Gallbladder polyp larger than 1 cm ,
Porcelain gallbladder, In any single incision laparscopic cholecystectomy, it is
1
3. artery was dissected, taking special care with the dissection of the cystic duct. The
relationship between the main bile duct and the cystic duct was displayed. The artery
and the cystic duct were clipped with a medium clip from a 12 mm trochar divided with
endoscopic scissors. The gallbladder was separated from the liver using a hook cautery
and removed from the incision line. An endobag was not used in any of the patients. A
laparoscopic exploration was then performed to ensure that no intraoperative
complications occurred, such as bleeding or biliary leakage. After removing the port and
releasing the residual carbon dioxide, the fascia defect was closed with loop prolene.
The skin was sutured in an intradermic fashion using rapid Vicryl (Yilmaz et al., 2013).
(9)
The use of routine intraoperative cholangiography (IOC) is widely practiced
during conventional four ports laparoscopic cholecystectomy (4PLC) to confirm biliary
anatomy and allow for immediate management of unexpected choledocholithiasis (Yeo
et al., 2011). (10)
The use of IOC during SILC is, however, limited by the technical difficulties of
the procedure through a single incision or, in some IOC systems, requirement of
additional skin incision (Shibao et al., 2013). (11)
The indications for intraoperative cholangiography (IOC) include a clinical
history of jaundice, pancreatitis, elevated bilirubin level, abnormal liver function test
results, increased amylase levels, a high lipase level, or dilated common bile duct on
preoperative ultrasonography. Although these clinical features are widely accepted as
indications for IOC, they have not been tested for their ability to predict
choledocholithiasis (Livingston et al., 2005). (12)
3
4. SUBJECTS AND METHODS:
1- TECHNICAL DESIGN:
Study design:
* A prospective simple randomized clinical trials will be used in carrying out the study.
Study setting:
* This study will be conducted in Zagazig University Hospitals, as it is one of the major
curative facilities in Sharkia Governorate with high patients rate.
Population or subjects:
* Patients with calcular cholecystitis in General Surgery Department.
Data collection tools:
* Laboratory investigations, Ultrasound or (ERCP and MRCP when indicated)
Inclusion and exclusion criteria:
*Any patient doing single incision laparoscopic cholecystectomy with
cholangiography during the study period.
Sampling:
* Sample size will be
patients .
* Sample selection: simple randomized sample.
2-OPERATIONAL DESIGN:
4
5. Process:
Informed consent regarding the study will be taken from every patient.
Evaluation of the single incision laparoscopic cholecystectomy with
intraopartive cholangiography technique.
We will withdraw from the study by detection of the benefits of single
incision laparoscopic cholecystectomy with intraopartive cholangiography.
Time line:
Practice
8 months parallel with the review
Statistic
1 month
Discussion
1 month
Obstacles:
1. There will be expected difficulty in following up the patients after
discharge from the hospital. We can solve this obstacle by taking patients'
number telephones and addresses.
2. There will be expected missing of one of the benefits of single incision
laparoscopic cholecystectomy with intraopartive cholangiography e.g.
cosmesis. We can solve this by following the patient well after the
operation.
3- ADMINISTRATIVE DESIGN:
* Approval will be obtained from ethical committee in Faculty of Medicine,
Zagazig University, and from patients included in the study.
5
6. 4- STATISTICAL DESIGN:
* Data entry and analysis will be done using SPSS 10.0 statistical software
package.
RESULTS:
* The results will be assessed and statistically analysed to detect the benefits of
single incision laparscopic cholecystectomy with cholangiography.
CONCLUSION:
* We expect that the benefits of single incision laparscopic cholecystectomy with
cholangiography that it can offer potential advantages, including less invasive, less
postoperative pain, shorter recovery time, improved cosmetic outcome, higher patient
satisfaction, confirm biliary anatomy and allow for immediate management of
unexpected choledocholithiasis.
RECOMMENDATIONS:
* If single incision laparoscopic cholecystectomies with cholangiography requirements
are easy available it is better to use the new technique.
* Experienced Laparoscopic surgeons tend to operate on more operations with single
incision laparoscopy.
RATIONAL:
* Gall stones are a major problem and cholecystectomy is the proven treatment of
this problem so we try to find the least invasive and more benefit techniques.
6
7. * Single incision laparoscopic cholecystectomy in less invasive with more
benefits.
* So, we will study single incision laparoscopic cholecystectomy with
cholangiography benefits.
RESEARCH QUESTION:
* What are the benefits of single incision laparscopic cholecystectomy with
cholangiography?
AIM:
* To detect the short term outcome of single incision laparscopic
cholecystectomy with cholangiography and see what is the benefits?
OBJECTIVES:
* The objectives in this study can be summarized in the following points:
1. To detect the safety of single incision laparscopic cholecystectomy with
cholangiography.
2. To detect the benefits of single incision laparscopic cholecystectomy.
3. To detect the role of intaoperative cholangiography.
7
8. REFERANCES
1) Rawlings A, Hodgett S, Matthews B, Strasberg S, Quasebarth M and Brunt
M (2010): Single-Incision Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy: Initial Experience with
Critical View of Safety Dissection and Routine Intraoperative Cholangiography. J
Am Coll Surg; 211:1–7.
2) Joseph M, Phillips M, Farrell T and Rupp C (2012): Single Incision
Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy Is Associated With a Higher Bile Duct Injury
Rate. Ann Surg; 256:1–6.
3) Hall H, Dennison A, Bilku D, Metcalfe M and Garcea G (2012): Single
Incision Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy. Arch Surg. 7 147(7):657 666.
4) Osuagwu C (2013): A Review of Randomized Controlled Trials Comparing
Single Port Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy with Conventional laparoscopic
Cholecystectomy. World Journal of Laparoscopic Surgery; 6(2): 93_97.
5) Sato N, Shibao K, Akiyama Y, Inoue Y, Mori Y, Minagawa N, Higure A and
Yamaguchi k (2013): Routine Intraoperative Cholangiography During SingleIncision Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy: a Review of 196 Consecutive Patients. J
Gastrointest Surg ; 17:668–674.
6) Bhandarkar D, Mittal G, Shah R, Katara A and Udwadia T (2011): Singleincision laparoscopic cholecystectomy: How I do it? J Minim Access Surg; 7(1):
17–23.
7) Mutter D, Leroy J, Cahill R and Marescaux J (2008): A simple technical
option for single-port cholecystectomy. Surg Innov. Dec; 15(4):332-3.
8) Fransen S, Stassen L and Bouvy N (2012): Single incision laparoscopic
cholecystectomy: A review on the complications. J Minim Access Surg.; 8(1): 1–
5.
8
9. 9) Yilmaz H, Alptekin H, Acar F, Ciftci I, Tekin A and Sahin M (2013):
Experiences of Single Incision Cholecystectomy: Int. J. Med. Sci.; 10(1):73-78.
10)
Yeo D, Mackay S and Martin D (2011): Single-incision laparoscopic
cholecystectomy with routine intraoperative cholangiography and common bile
duct exploration via the umbilical port. Surg Endosc; 26:1122–1127.
11)
Sato N, Shibao K, Akiyama Y, Inoue Y, Mori Y, Minagawa N, Higure A
and Yamaguchi k (2013): Routine Intraoperative Cholangiography during
Single-Incision Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy. J Gastrointest Surg; 17:668–674.
12)
Livingston EH, Miller JA, Coan B and Rege RV (2005): Indications for
selective intraoperative cholangiography. J Gastrointest Surg.; 9(9):1371-7.
9