This document discusses four breast imaging modalities: 1) Mammography uses low-energy x-rays to examine breast tissue for early cancer detection. 2) Breast MRI is useful for high-risk women and can find cancers not seen on mammogram. 3) Breast ultrasound uses sound waves to image the breast and shows dense tissue not visible via mammogram. 4) Digital breast tomosynthesis takes x-ray images from different angles to reconstruct 3D slices of the breast, improving detection over standard mammography.

1. Department of Computer Science And Engineering
Shahjalal University of Science and Technology
Nashid Alam
Registration No: 2012321028
annanya_cse@yahoo.co.uk
Masters -2 Presentation
(Backup Slides# 1)

3. Breast Imaging Modality
1. Mammography
2. Breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
3. Breast Ultrasound
4. Tomography (Digital Breast Tomosynthesis)
Source:
http://www.dcis.info/screening.html

4. 1. Mammography
Breast Imaging
Modality

5. USE:
I. Viewing x-ray image
II. Manipulate X-ray image on a computer screen
Mammography :
 Process of using low-energy
x-rays to examine the human breast
 Used as a diagnostic and a screening tool.
The goal of mammography :
The early detection of breast cancer
Mammography Machine
1. Mammography
Breast Imaging
Modality

6. Mammogram:
A mammogram is an x-ray picture of the breast
Use:
To look for changes that are not normal.
Result Archive:
The results are recorded on x-ray film or directly into a computer
Types of mammograms:
I. Screening mammograms-Done for women who have no symptoms of breast
cancer.
II. Diagnostic mammograms -To check for breast cancer after a lump or other
symptom or sign of breast cancer has been found.
III. Digital mammogram-Uses x-rays to produce an image of the breast. The image
is stored directly on a computer.
mdb226.jpg
1. Mammography
Breast Imaging
Modality

7. http://www.dcis.info/screening.html
Records X-ray images in computer code instead of on film.
To view the images :
-The radiologist uses computer software
Magnification makes:
-Easier to spot a problem.
Can be sent electronically (called telemammography)
-For additional consultations.
Digital Mammography
1. Mammography
Breast Imaging
Modality

8. http://www.dcis.info/screening.html
The radiologist looks for :
Unusual shadows
Clusters of white specks (micro calcifications)
Distortions
Special patterns of tissue density
Any mass and its shape
Differences between the images of both breasts
The radiologist also looks at your previous
mammograms and compares them to your most recent
film(s)
What the radiologist looks for?
Mammograms are read by specialists called radiologists.
1. Mammography
Breast Imaging
Modality

9. 2.Breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
Breast Imaging
Modality

10. 2.Breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
Breast MRI Machine
PHOTO COURTESY :
http://www.leememorial.org/mainlanding/Breast_mri.asp
MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) is useful in
women with positive BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes.
Breast Imaging
Modality

11. Breast MRI
PHOTO COURTESY :
http://radiology.ucsf.edu/patient-care/sections/womens-imaging/research
2.Breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
Breast Imaging
Modality

12. 3.Breast Ultrasound / Sonography
Breast Imaging
Modality

13. 3.Breast Ultrasound / Sonography
The pictures produced during
an ultrasound are called:
Sonograms
Echograms or
Ultrasound Scans
An ultrasound of the breast:
- Shows All Areas Of The Breast
Including:
The area closest to the chest wall
(Which is hard to see with a mammogram.)
An Sonography/Ultrasound Machine
Breast Imaging
Modality

14. 3.Breast Ultrasound / Sonography
ULTRASOUND TEST:
• Uses reflected sound waves to produce pictures of the inside of the body.
•It does not use X-rays or other types of possibly harmful radiation.
•A special kind of instrument called a transducer is rubbed back and forth over the area to
be examined.
It gives off high-pitched sound waves that show on a special screen.
Schematic of the Optoacoustic Plus UltraSound (OPUS) system
Breast Imaging
Modality

15. 3.Breast Ultrasound / Sonography
An Sonography/Ultrasound image of the breast
PHOTO COURTESY :
http://www.ultrasoundschoolsinfo.com/breast-sonography/
Breast Imaging
Modality

16. 3.Breast Ultrasound / Sonography
PHOTO COURTESY :
http://www.slideshare.net/PCRSutterHealth/dense-breasts-the-facts-the-myths-the-law-harriet-b-borofsky-md
Breast Ultrasound/Sonography
Breast Imaging
Modality

17. 4. Tomography (Digital Breast Tomosynthesis)
Breast Imaging
Modality

18. 4. Tomography (Digital Breast Tomosynthesis)
Breast Imaging
Modality
http://www.slideshare.net/PCRSutterHealth/dense-breasts-the-facts-the-myths-the-law-harriet-
b-borofsky-md

19. 4. Tomography (Digital Breast Tomosynthesis)
Breast Imaging
Modality
A short four-second scan.
Breast Tomosynthesis captures:
o 15 digital “projection” images as it arcs over the breast.
o Images are then digitally reconstructed :
- Into a series of high-resolution one millimeter slices
that can be reviewed individually or
played back in a cine loop.
http://www.hoag.org/Specialty/Breast-Program/Pages/breast-screening/screening-
types/Tomosynthesis.aspx