The document discusses the term "global governance" and how it lacks a universally accepted definition. It notes that while governance is not equivalent to government, it refers to establishing rules and institutions to facilitate cooperation between interdependent actors. The document examines definitions of governance provided by other scholars and argues they blur the distinction between bargaining and enforcing agreements. It states globalization connects to global governance as problems increase in scope beyond the capacity of individual states, requiring them to delegate authority. In conclusion, global governance is described as the governing of relationships across borders in the absence of a world government through cooperative institutions and processes.
Contemporary Globalisation is the collapsing of time and space with all the opportunities and challenges this presents for the social and economic development of the global community
The flip-side: world where financial melt-down, global warming, health pandemics and unchecked social media compromise the promise of a new global age – where is law in all of this?
Challenge for governance (domestic and global) to create a regulatory framework to assist the transition from a world focused on material profit to one valuing social sustainability. The North and South Worlds are grappling with this challenge
Globalization & Conflict | The Importance of Strong Governance, Enforcement, ...Robert-Ian Greene
The following research paper addresses the grander impacts that a developing economy, and thereby society, has on the greater global marketplace. The central theme of this research paper pivots around the importance of a developing economy to successfully embed three elements into its cultural and political law: Government and Governance, proper land enforcement, and public awareness through the aid of Non-Governmental Organizations.
The document summarizes the results of a study analyzing media discourse around the global financial crisis using the theory of social representations. Six main themes emerged: 1) representations of finance being "under accusation" or a "sick person"; 2) the genesis and effects of "bad finance"; 3) the contribution of financial mathematics to virtualization; 4) deregulation and lack of oversight; 5) the dissociation of science from ethics; 6) the need for ethical reform and more regulation. The analysis found opposition between economics and the increasingly virtual and speculative nature of finance was a major framework used in the discourse.
Publication: Climate Diplomacy and Global Democracy, January 2011Africa Cheetah Run
1) The document discusses climate diplomacy and negotiations between countries under the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change. It focuses on the relationship between the US and China and the roles of other major players like the EU, developing nations, and Africa.
2) The US-China relationship is complex, with them sometimes cooperating but also representing divergent historical responsibilities for emissions versus current emissions. Finding common ground between their positions is a challenge for negotiators.
3) The EU aims to be a leader but struggles with internal divisions that prevent it from speaking with one voice. If it overcomes this, it could play a bigger facilitator role.
4) Developing nations and Africa are not united either
Ben Duke - Keele University - European Journal of Interdisciplinary StudiesBen Duke
This document provides a literature review and theoretical framework for analyzing the relationship between constitutional reform, decentralization, and democratization. It defines key concepts like localism, decentralization, and regional autonomy. It also discusses how factors like a country's social, economic, political, and cultural context can influence the drive for reform and shape the democratic process and outcomes. The document presents examples from literature to illustrate debates around whether decentralization truly empowers citizens or is used by states to delay recognition of multi-national identities. It aims to provide a critical perspective on how resource allocation and social policies may change when new states form through various political processes.
Creating a Global Partnership for Effective Development Cooperation 2 Introduction On December 1, 2011, the final day of the Fourth High Level Forum on Aid Effectiveness (HLF4) in Busan, Korea, 160 nations, civil society and the private sector endorsed an 11-page statement calling for the creation of a “global partnership for effective development cooperation.”3 In addition, a series of “building blocks” related to specific development issues were agreed by coalitions of governments, civil society, parliamentarians, local officials and the private sector.4 What did it all mean? One pundit wrote: “It will take weeks, months and ultimately years before the impact of…the Busan forum on aid effectiveness will be known…” It may well take years to determine the full impact of the Busan forum, but few doubt that it represented an important turning point in the history of development cooperation. While important implementation issues remain, it seems clear now that the relationships among the many stakeholders—donors, developing countries, South-South cooperation providers , civil society and the private sector—will change dramatically in ways that are not completely predictable. Busan also definitively shifted the discussion from “aid” to “development,” a shift that has the potential to engage policymaking institutions that had previously considered development issues to be marginal. Perhaps most importantly, the Busan forum created a new model for international development summits, informed by evidence, deep engagement of non-governmental actors and the participation of some of the world’s leading personalities. While three previous DAC-sponsored forums on aid effectiveness5 had built a strong constituency, the global financial crisis of 2008-2012 transformed the debate. In this difficult period characterized by credit freezes, slowdowns in foreign direct investment and rising food prices, growing concerns for climate change, food shortages and security charged the atmosphere.
Concept of Political Mediation in International Conflict Managementijtsrd
Conflicts are an integral part of any society, and negotiations are regarded as the most effective tool of conflict management or conflict resolution. In situations, when it is difficult for the parties to resolve the conflict by themselves due to several factors, a third party is involved in a negotiation process. Political mediation has been an effective way in resolving disputes in international relations. In this article, the author seeks to analyze conflict management, nature of political mediation and provide important insights of political mediation, its types, strategies, role of mediators in international conflict management and mediation bias in case of 1979 Iranian hostage crisis. Mavluda Nurmetova "Concept of Political Mediation in International Conflict Management" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-4 , June 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.compapers/ijtsrd42510.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.comhumanities-and-the-arts/political-science/42510/concept-of-political-mediation-in-international-conflict-management/mavluda-nurmetova
The document discusses the term "global governance" and how it lacks a universally accepted definition. It notes that while governance is not equivalent to government, it refers to establishing rules and institutions to facilitate cooperation between interdependent actors. The document examines definitions of governance provided by other scholars and argues they blur the distinction between bargaining and enforcing agreements. It states globalization connects to global governance as problems increase in scope beyond the capacity of individual states, requiring them to delegate authority. In conclusion, global governance is described as the governing of relationships across borders in the absence of a world government through cooperative institutions and processes.
Contemporary Globalisation is the collapsing of time and space with all the opportunities and challenges this presents for the social and economic development of the global community
The flip-side: world where financial melt-down, global warming, health pandemics and unchecked social media compromise the promise of a new global age – where is law in all of this?
Challenge for governance (domestic and global) to create a regulatory framework to assist the transition from a world focused on material profit to one valuing social sustainability. The North and South Worlds are grappling with this challenge
Globalization & Conflict | The Importance of Strong Governance, Enforcement, ...Robert-Ian Greene
The following research paper addresses the grander impacts that a developing economy, and thereby society, has on the greater global marketplace. The central theme of this research paper pivots around the importance of a developing economy to successfully embed three elements into its cultural and political law: Government and Governance, proper land enforcement, and public awareness through the aid of Non-Governmental Organizations.
The document summarizes the results of a study analyzing media discourse around the global financial crisis using the theory of social representations. Six main themes emerged: 1) representations of finance being "under accusation" or a "sick person"; 2) the genesis and effects of "bad finance"; 3) the contribution of financial mathematics to virtualization; 4) deregulation and lack of oversight; 5) the dissociation of science from ethics; 6) the need for ethical reform and more regulation. The analysis found opposition between economics and the increasingly virtual and speculative nature of finance was a major framework used in the discourse.
Publication: Climate Diplomacy and Global Democracy, January 2011Africa Cheetah Run
1) The document discusses climate diplomacy and negotiations between countries under the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change. It focuses on the relationship between the US and China and the roles of other major players like the EU, developing nations, and Africa.
2) The US-China relationship is complex, with them sometimes cooperating but also representing divergent historical responsibilities for emissions versus current emissions. Finding common ground between their positions is a challenge for negotiators.
3) The EU aims to be a leader but struggles with internal divisions that prevent it from speaking with one voice. If it overcomes this, it could play a bigger facilitator role.
4) Developing nations and Africa are not united either
Ben Duke - Keele University - European Journal of Interdisciplinary StudiesBen Duke
This document provides a literature review and theoretical framework for analyzing the relationship between constitutional reform, decentralization, and democratization. It defines key concepts like localism, decentralization, and regional autonomy. It also discusses how factors like a country's social, economic, political, and cultural context can influence the drive for reform and shape the democratic process and outcomes. The document presents examples from literature to illustrate debates around whether decentralization truly empowers citizens or is used by states to delay recognition of multi-national identities. It aims to provide a critical perspective on how resource allocation and social policies may change when new states form through various political processes.
Creating a Global Partnership for Effective Development Cooperation 2 Introduction On December 1, 2011, the final day of the Fourth High Level Forum on Aid Effectiveness (HLF4) in Busan, Korea, 160 nations, civil society and the private sector endorsed an 11-page statement calling for the creation of a “global partnership for effective development cooperation.”3 In addition, a series of “building blocks” related to specific development issues were agreed by coalitions of governments, civil society, parliamentarians, local officials and the private sector.4 What did it all mean? One pundit wrote: “It will take weeks, months and ultimately years before the impact of…the Busan forum on aid effectiveness will be known…” It may well take years to determine the full impact of the Busan forum, but few doubt that it represented an important turning point in the history of development cooperation. While important implementation issues remain, it seems clear now that the relationships among the many stakeholders—donors, developing countries, South-South cooperation providers , civil society and the private sector—will change dramatically in ways that are not completely predictable. Busan also definitively shifted the discussion from “aid” to “development,” a shift that has the potential to engage policymaking institutions that had previously considered development issues to be marginal. Perhaps most importantly, the Busan forum created a new model for international development summits, informed by evidence, deep engagement of non-governmental actors and the participation of some of the world’s leading personalities. While three previous DAC-sponsored forums on aid effectiveness5 had built a strong constituency, the global financial crisis of 2008-2012 transformed the debate. In this difficult period characterized by credit freezes, slowdowns in foreign direct investment and rising food prices, growing concerns for climate change, food shortages and security charged the atmosphere.
Concept of Political Mediation in International Conflict Managementijtsrd
Conflicts are an integral part of any society, and negotiations are regarded as the most effective tool of conflict management or conflict resolution. In situations, when it is difficult for the parties to resolve the conflict by themselves due to several factors, a third party is involved in a negotiation process. Political mediation has been an effective way in resolving disputes in international relations. In this article, the author seeks to analyze conflict management, nature of political mediation and provide important insights of political mediation, its types, strategies, role of mediators in international conflict management and mediation bias in case of 1979 Iranian hostage crisis. Mavluda Nurmetova "Concept of Political Mediation in International Conflict Management" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-4 , June 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.compapers/ijtsrd42510.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.comhumanities-and-the-arts/political-science/42510/concept-of-political-mediation-in-international-conflict-management/mavluda-nurmetova
This document summarizes the changing nature of foreign policy communications and crisis management in modern global politics. It notes that greater globalization, new communication technologies, and the rise of non-state actors have made international relations more complex and crisis-prone. States must now manage diverse risks like natural disasters, economic instability, and terrorism. Additionally, foreign policy involves more non-governmental stakeholders and issues beyond traditional geopolitics. As a result, modern crisis communications requires coordinating public messages and adapting foreign policy processes to be more flexible, transparent and participatory.
This document discusses the concepts of competitiveness and innovation and questions their traditional meanings and implications for policy. It makes three main conclusions:
1. While territories compete in some respects, competitiveness should not assume a zero-sum "win-lose" relationship between territories.
2. A concept of competitiveness should integrate wider socio-economic aims beyond just income growth, and these aims should be determined through democratic processes.
3. Measures of progress and competitiveness need to consider economic, social, and environmental factors together to assess socioeconomic development more holistically.
When are international organisations effective in international politicsAmougou Aristide Agbor
International organizations can be effective when their leadership is able to:
1) Consolidate the trust of member states by sustaining political commitment to shared values and curtailing the "Frankenstein syndrome" where organizations act against state interests.
2) Secure sufficient resources from member states by building efficient agency relationships and avoiding mission creep beyond their intended mandates.
3) Rely on credible policy persuasion given their limited enforcement powers compared to states.
The document summarizes reflections on the United Nations High-level Meeting on Non-communicable Diseases (NCDs). It notes that there was a startling consensus reached between countries on pathways to address NCDs. The meeting declarations were more comprehensive than expected in addressing the social determinants of health. However, it raises three conundrums: whether to take a horizontal approach that addresses the underlying causes or a vertical approach focused on specific diseases, whether to focus on low-cost interventions or broader determinants of health, and managing conflicts of interest from economic stakeholders. It concludes there is an opportunity to think big in addressing the global threat of NCDs.
Copy of Davey, Wayne_Thesis Deposit Copy_SCAP II_2015 DecWayne Davey
This document is a thesis submitted by Commander Wayne Davey to the National Defense University in partial fulfillment of a Master's degree in Strategic Security Studies. The thesis examines sub-regional organizations in the Middle East and argues that they have the potential to drive development of a regional security regime. It recommends that the United States support capacity building of these organizations through partnerships and advancement of the Middle East peace process as part of a new regional strategy. The thesis contains an abstract, table of contents, and 6 chapters discussing literature on the topic, reasons for regional cooperation, barriers to cooperation, existing regional organizations, and recommendations.
WATCH LIST 2017-INTERNATIONAL CRISIS GROUP REPORTMYO AUNG Myanmar
https://www.crisisgroup.org/global/3-watch-list-2017?utm_source=Sign+Up+to+Crisis+Group%27s+Email+Updates&utm_campaign=a9a3b1a1fa-EMAIL_CAMPAIGN_2017_02_24&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_1dab8c11ea-a9a3b1a1fa-359431769
Crisis Group’s Watch List 2017 includes the Lake Chad basin, Libya, Myanmar, Nagorno-Karabakh, Sahel, Somalia, Syria, Turkey, Venezuela and Yemen. This annual early-warning report identifies conflict situations in which prompt action by the European Union and its member states would generate stronger prospects for peace.The early warning Watch List identifies up to ten major conflict situations in which prompt action, driven or supported by the European Union and its member
states, would generate stronger prospects for peace. It includes a global overview,regional summaries, and detailed analysis on select countries and conflicts.
"Climate Crunch" : Scenarios for the global economic environmentFERMA
"Climate Crunch" : Scenarios for the global economic environment.
The recently published Global Risks 2014 report of the World Economic Forum identifies environmental risks as highest in terms of impact and likelihood. Those risks include both natural disasters, such as earthquakes and geomagnetic storms, and man-made risks such as
collapsing ecosystems, freshwater shortages, nuclear accidents and failure to mitigate or adapt to climate change. Failure of climate change mitigation and
adaptation is the fifth top risk concern according to
multi-stakeholders communities (see figure beside).
Climate change is evidence proven and this paper doesn’t intend to explore the causes. However, one can state that climate change is a systemic problem – it is one that touches all the others. As such by its systemic nature, it can cause breakdowns of entire systems and not only a component part. (
Ag global environmentalgovernance_reischlsimonwest1985
This document provides an overview of the organization of global environmental governance. It discusses how the environment emerged as a political issue in the 1960s-1970s and the key global conferences that have been held to address environmental problems, including the UN conferences in Stockholm, Rio de Janeiro, and Johannesburg. It also describes the roles of international cooperation, regimes, and organizations in global environmental governance and how states, intergovernmental organizations, and non-state actors influence governance processes.
My vision for a future in which the UN and all other organizations make ethical evidence0based decisions using Open Source Everything (OSE) and M4IS2 (Multinational, Multiagency, Multidisciplinary, Multidomain Information-Sharing and Sense-Making)
Non-State Actors and Global GovernanceSedat Yüzücü
This document discusses various types of non-state actors that play roles in global governance, including NGOs, transnational networks, experts and epistemic communities, foundations, multinational corporations, multistakeholder actors, and social movements. It provides examples of how these actors have emerged in international treaties and agreements. It also describes the roles these actors take, such as creating networks, advocating for policy changes, promoting new norms, and participating in global conferences.
Global Trends 2030 identifies four megatrends that will shape the world by 2030: 1) Individual empowerment will accelerate due to factors like reduced poverty and improved education and healthcare. 2) Power will diffuse away from dominant countries and shift to networks and coalitions in a multipolar world. 3) Demographic patterns like population aging and rapid urbanization will change the world. 4) Demand for food, water, and energy will grow substantially due to population growth, increasing the stress on these critical resources. Six key "game-changers" could influence how these trends unfold, leading to very different potential worlds by 2030.
The current financial turmoil stems from the mispricing of risk in recent years. While some warnings were issued, the precise trigger event was not predicted. The crisis has highlighted systemic financial risk as a major global concern. The transformation of the financial system over the past 20 years through deregulation, innovation, and integration has increased complexity and interconnectedness, complicating the management of systemic risk. As the crisis continues to unfold, questions remain around the stability and resilience of the financial system in the face of severe stress.
The document discusses civil society concerns regarding the upcoming United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development (Rio+20) in Rio de Janeiro in June 2012. It notes that civil society actors have criticized the conference's focus on a "Green Economy" approach and the lack of consideration for human rights and equity in the draft outcome document. It also summarizes civil society preparations for the conference, including regional meetings organized by Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung and protests and forums planned alongside the official proceedings, as civil society seeks to have its voice heard on addressing the structural causes of environmental and economic crises.
The document summarizes discussions from a panel on the impact of global economic ills on social frameworks.
- Panelists agreed that while social networks have facilitated protest movements, the underlying cause is a loss of hope among young people due to unrealistic expectations not matched by today's global economy. Fixing this will take decades and sustain uncertainty.
- Panelists also highlighted a lack of global political leadership and solutions. Countries appear equally floundering in policy responses.
- One major problem is the widespread perception of inequality and unfairness in the world, which will be difficult to address without significant job creation.
1. Grand economic theories rarely last more than a few decades as technologies and political contexts change. Communism and Keynesianism had relatively long runs of 70 and 45 years respectively due to force.
2. True development is an interactive social process aiming for physical and spiritual well-being through meeting needs and achieving harmony within a social unit and between units. Quantitative growth alone does not constitute development.
3. The global economic crisis shows that uncontrolled quantitative production violates principles of complementarity and risks disrupting social harmony between units. Development requires qualitative production meeting social needs and international integration.
This document discusses various approaches to international cooperation, including unilateral, bilateral, and multilateral approaches. It also lists several global challenges that require international cooperation, such as preventing nuclear proliferation, addressing climate change, and managing cyber governance. Several questions are posed about the state of international cooperation in 2017 and how to improve it going forward. Different aspects of international cooperation are then examined, including the preconditions for cooperation, who should participate, and how to build foundations for cooperation.
This presentation provides an overview of global governance, including definitions, evolution, functions, and achievements and challenges. Global governance has diverse definitions that depend on the person defining it and the circumstances. It involves collective efforts by states, international organizations, and other actors to address common issues beyond borders. Views of global governance include realist, liberalist, and those advocating for global democracy. It covers functions such as dispute resolution, standards setting, and addressing issues like security, human rights, and the environment. Achievements include organizations addressing needs, but challenges include enhancing civil society and meeting development goals.
This document discusses the challenges of addressing climate change in a way that benefits the poor and vulnerable. It argues that while progress has been made in international climate policy, fundamental political issues around burden sharing between countries and ensuring social equity have not been fully resolved. A market-driven approach has not created enough accountability or prioritized the needs of disadvantaged communities. The paper analyzes how historical inequalities shape debates around responsibility and participation in climate mitigation and adaptation efforts. It calls for policies that promote inclusive growth by both enabling meaningful participation in decision-making and ensuring all people equitably share in the benefits of actions to address climate change.
The document analyzes recent pro-democracy protests in Hong Kong using Ralf Dahrendorf's model of internal social conflict. It identifies the Chinese government and Hong Kong government as the positively dominant group, and Hong Kong citizens demanding universal suffrage as the negatively dominant group. While the protest movement lacks clear leadership and organization, they have effectively communicated using technology. The model suggests structural change is unlikely given the Chinese government's control and reluctance to negotiate, though protests will likely continue due to remaining conflicts around democracy and mobility.
Omar Royster is an experienced aircraft electrician seeking a position utilizing his management and troubleshooting skills. He has over 6 years of experience in the U.S. Army maintaining and repairing electrical, avionics, and weapons systems on Apache helicopters. Most recently he has worked for Lockheed Martin resetting and repairing AH-64D helicopters.
This document is the syllabus from the Supreme Court case Wal-Mart Stores, Inc. v. Dukes et al. It summarizes the following key points:
1) Current and former female Walmart employees sued the company for discrimination against women in pay and promotions. They sought to certify a class of 1.5 million women for their claims.
2) Both the District Court and Court of Appeals certified the class. However, the Supreme Court took up whether the class was properly certified under the standards of Rule 23(a) and Rule 23(b)(2) of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure.
3) The Supreme Court ruled that the class was not properly certified, finding that the plaintiffs did
This document summarizes the changing nature of foreign policy communications and crisis management in modern global politics. It notes that greater globalization, new communication technologies, and the rise of non-state actors have made international relations more complex and crisis-prone. States must now manage diverse risks like natural disasters, economic instability, and terrorism. Additionally, foreign policy involves more non-governmental stakeholders and issues beyond traditional geopolitics. As a result, modern crisis communications requires coordinating public messages and adapting foreign policy processes to be more flexible, transparent and participatory.
This document discusses the concepts of competitiveness and innovation and questions their traditional meanings and implications for policy. It makes three main conclusions:
1. While territories compete in some respects, competitiveness should not assume a zero-sum "win-lose" relationship between territories.
2. A concept of competitiveness should integrate wider socio-economic aims beyond just income growth, and these aims should be determined through democratic processes.
3. Measures of progress and competitiveness need to consider economic, social, and environmental factors together to assess socioeconomic development more holistically.
When are international organisations effective in international politicsAmougou Aristide Agbor
International organizations can be effective when their leadership is able to:
1) Consolidate the trust of member states by sustaining political commitment to shared values and curtailing the "Frankenstein syndrome" where organizations act against state interests.
2) Secure sufficient resources from member states by building efficient agency relationships and avoiding mission creep beyond their intended mandates.
3) Rely on credible policy persuasion given their limited enforcement powers compared to states.
The document summarizes reflections on the United Nations High-level Meeting on Non-communicable Diseases (NCDs). It notes that there was a startling consensus reached between countries on pathways to address NCDs. The meeting declarations were more comprehensive than expected in addressing the social determinants of health. However, it raises three conundrums: whether to take a horizontal approach that addresses the underlying causes or a vertical approach focused on specific diseases, whether to focus on low-cost interventions or broader determinants of health, and managing conflicts of interest from economic stakeholders. It concludes there is an opportunity to think big in addressing the global threat of NCDs.
Copy of Davey, Wayne_Thesis Deposit Copy_SCAP II_2015 DecWayne Davey
This document is a thesis submitted by Commander Wayne Davey to the National Defense University in partial fulfillment of a Master's degree in Strategic Security Studies. The thesis examines sub-regional organizations in the Middle East and argues that they have the potential to drive development of a regional security regime. It recommends that the United States support capacity building of these organizations through partnerships and advancement of the Middle East peace process as part of a new regional strategy. The thesis contains an abstract, table of contents, and 6 chapters discussing literature on the topic, reasons for regional cooperation, barriers to cooperation, existing regional organizations, and recommendations.
WATCH LIST 2017-INTERNATIONAL CRISIS GROUP REPORTMYO AUNG Myanmar
https://www.crisisgroup.org/global/3-watch-list-2017?utm_source=Sign+Up+to+Crisis+Group%27s+Email+Updates&utm_campaign=a9a3b1a1fa-EMAIL_CAMPAIGN_2017_02_24&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_1dab8c11ea-a9a3b1a1fa-359431769
Crisis Group’s Watch List 2017 includes the Lake Chad basin, Libya, Myanmar, Nagorno-Karabakh, Sahel, Somalia, Syria, Turkey, Venezuela and Yemen. This annual early-warning report identifies conflict situations in which prompt action by the European Union and its member states would generate stronger prospects for peace.The early warning Watch List identifies up to ten major conflict situations in which prompt action, driven or supported by the European Union and its member
states, would generate stronger prospects for peace. It includes a global overview,regional summaries, and detailed analysis on select countries and conflicts.
"Climate Crunch" : Scenarios for the global economic environmentFERMA
"Climate Crunch" : Scenarios for the global economic environment.
The recently published Global Risks 2014 report of the World Economic Forum identifies environmental risks as highest in terms of impact and likelihood. Those risks include both natural disasters, such as earthquakes and geomagnetic storms, and man-made risks such as
collapsing ecosystems, freshwater shortages, nuclear accidents and failure to mitigate or adapt to climate change. Failure of climate change mitigation and
adaptation is the fifth top risk concern according to
multi-stakeholders communities (see figure beside).
Climate change is evidence proven and this paper doesn’t intend to explore the causes. However, one can state that climate change is a systemic problem – it is one that touches all the others. As such by its systemic nature, it can cause breakdowns of entire systems and not only a component part. (
Ag global environmentalgovernance_reischlsimonwest1985
This document provides an overview of the organization of global environmental governance. It discusses how the environment emerged as a political issue in the 1960s-1970s and the key global conferences that have been held to address environmental problems, including the UN conferences in Stockholm, Rio de Janeiro, and Johannesburg. It also describes the roles of international cooperation, regimes, and organizations in global environmental governance and how states, intergovernmental organizations, and non-state actors influence governance processes.
My vision for a future in which the UN and all other organizations make ethical evidence0based decisions using Open Source Everything (OSE) and M4IS2 (Multinational, Multiagency, Multidisciplinary, Multidomain Information-Sharing and Sense-Making)
Non-State Actors and Global GovernanceSedat Yüzücü
This document discusses various types of non-state actors that play roles in global governance, including NGOs, transnational networks, experts and epistemic communities, foundations, multinational corporations, multistakeholder actors, and social movements. It provides examples of how these actors have emerged in international treaties and agreements. It also describes the roles these actors take, such as creating networks, advocating for policy changes, promoting new norms, and participating in global conferences.
Global Trends 2030 identifies four megatrends that will shape the world by 2030: 1) Individual empowerment will accelerate due to factors like reduced poverty and improved education and healthcare. 2) Power will diffuse away from dominant countries and shift to networks and coalitions in a multipolar world. 3) Demographic patterns like population aging and rapid urbanization will change the world. 4) Demand for food, water, and energy will grow substantially due to population growth, increasing the stress on these critical resources. Six key "game-changers" could influence how these trends unfold, leading to very different potential worlds by 2030.
The current financial turmoil stems from the mispricing of risk in recent years. While some warnings were issued, the precise trigger event was not predicted. The crisis has highlighted systemic financial risk as a major global concern. The transformation of the financial system over the past 20 years through deregulation, innovation, and integration has increased complexity and interconnectedness, complicating the management of systemic risk. As the crisis continues to unfold, questions remain around the stability and resilience of the financial system in the face of severe stress.
The document discusses civil society concerns regarding the upcoming United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development (Rio+20) in Rio de Janeiro in June 2012. It notes that civil society actors have criticized the conference's focus on a "Green Economy" approach and the lack of consideration for human rights and equity in the draft outcome document. It also summarizes civil society preparations for the conference, including regional meetings organized by Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung and protests and forums planned alongside the official proceedings, as civil society seeks to have its voice heard on addressing the structural causes of environmental and economic crises.
The document summarizes discussions from a panel on the impact of global economic ills on social frameworks.
- Panelists agreed that while social networks have facilitated protest movements, the underlying cause is a loss of hope among young people due to unrealistic expectations not matched by today's global economy. Fixing this will take decades and sustain uncertainty.
- Panelists also highlighted a lack of global political leadership and solutions. Countries appear equally floundering in policy responses.
- One major problem is the widespread perception of inequality and unfairness in the world, which will be difficult to address without significant job creation.
1. Grand economic theories rarely last more than a few decades as technologies and political contexts change. Communism and Keynesianism had relatively long runs of 70 and 45 years respectively due to force.
2. True development is an interactive social process aiming for physical and spiritual well-being through meeting needs and achieving harmony within a social unit and between units. Quantitative growth alone does not constitute development.
3. The global economic crisis shows that uncontrolled quantitative production violates principles of complementarity and risks disrupting social harmony between units. Development requires qualitative production meeting social needs and international integration.
This document discusses various approaches to international cooperation, including unilateral, bilateral, and multilateral approaches. It also lists several global challenges that require international cooperation, such as preventing nuclear proliferation, addressing climate change, and managing cyber governance. Several questions are posed about the state of international cooperation in 2017 and how to improve it going forward. Different aspects of international cooperation are then examined, including the preconditions for cooperation, who should participate, and how to build foundations for cooperation.
This presentation provides an overview of global governance, including definitions, evolution, functions, and achievements and challenges. Global governance has diverse definitions that depend on the person defining it and the circumstances. It involves collective efforts by states, international organizations, and other actors to address common issues beyond borders. Views of global governance include realist, liberalist, and those advocating for global democracy. It covers functions such as dispute resolution, standards setting, and addressing issues like security, human rights, and the environment. Achievements include organizations addressing needs, but challenges include enhancing civil society and meeting development goals.
This document discusses the challenges of addressing climate change in a way that benefits the poor and vulnerable. It argues that while progress has been made in international climate policy, fundamental political issues around burden sharing between countries and ensuring social equity have not been fully resolved. A market-driven approach has not created enough accountability or prioritized the needs of disadvantaged communities. The paper analyzes how historical inequalities shape debates around responsibility and participation in climate mitigation and adaptation efforts. It calls for policies that promote inclusive growth by both enabling meaningful participation in decision-making and ensuring all people equitably share in the benefits of actions to address climate change.
The document analyzes recent pro-democracy protests in Hong Kong using Ralf Dahrendorf's model of internal social conflict. It identifies the Chinese government and Hong Kong government as the positively dominant group, and Hong Kong citizens demanding universal suffrage as the negatively dominant group. While the protest movement lacks clear leadership and organization, they have effectively communicated using technology. The model suggests structural change is unlikely given the Chinese government's control and reluctance to negotiate, though protests will likely continue due to remaining conflicts around democracy and mobility.
Omar Royster is an experienced aircraft electrician seeking a position utilizing his management and troubleshooting skills. He has over 6 years of experience in the U.S. Army maintaining and repairing electrical, avionics, and weapons systems on Apache helicopters. Most recently he has worked for Lockheed Martin resetting and repairing AH-64D helicopters.
This document is the syllabus from the Supreme Court case Wal-Mart Stores, Inc. v. Dukes et al. It summarizes the following key points:
1) Current and former female Walmart employees sued the company for discrimination against women in pay and promotions. They sought to certify a class of 1.5 million women for their claims.
2) Both the District Court and Court of Appeals certified the class. However, the Supreme Court took up whether the class was properly certified under the standards of Rule 23(a) and Rule 23(b)(2) of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure.
3) The Supreme Court ruled that the class was not properly certified, finding that the plaintiffs did
This document provides an introduction and definitions related to key concepts in statistics. It discusses what statistics is as the science of collecting, organizing, and interpreting data. It defines important statistical terms like data, variables, statistics, and parameters. It also outlines the two main branches of statistics as descriptive statistics, which focuses on summarizing and presenting data, and inferential statistics, which analyzes samples to make inferences about populations. Finally, it discusses common sources of data like published sources, experiments, and surveys.
El documento resume la historia y tipos de impresoras. Comienza con una definición de impresora y una breve historia desde la primera impresora eléctrica en 1950 hasta el desarrollo de impresoras láser e inyección de tinta. Luego describe los tipos principales de impresoras como matriciales, de rueda, LED, inyección de tinta, láser y multifuncionales. Finalmente, explica brevemente cómo funcionan las impresoras de inyección de tinta y láser.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive function. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.
Each response 250 wordsResponse 1 I noticed two important t.docxjoellemurphey
Each response 250 words
Response 1:
I noticed two important themes in this weeks’ readings. First, the lack of consensus for defining international organizations (IOs) (Duffield 2007, Iriye 2004). This falls in line with my undergraduate Homeland Security studies and the lack of consencus for defining domestic terrorism. How can we really talk about something if we don’t agree on the basics? Reprocussions are readily visible thorughout “society”. Second, though not a recurring theme in our literature but to our current state of national politics is, “the international relations literature remains unnecessarily balkanized as adherents of different conceptions talk past one another, when they attempt to communicate at all” (Duffield 2007). So, scholars do not agree on definitions nor, as is suggested, will they listen to various points of view (ibid). I’m not sure which is more disconcerting.
I do like Iriye’s (2004) differentiation of the two types of IOs, one formed by states, such and the UN, and non-governmental organizations (NGOs). I see them both as gap-fillers (much like the third theme running through our reading…gaps in literature). NGO’s such as Bangladesh Rural Advancement Committee (BRAC), Clinton Health Access Initiative (CHAI) (BRAC 2020, CHAI 2019) play such a large, global humanitarian role in health care, sexual violence, access to medical care, ect. The World Bank (1995) clearly stated their importance when defining NGOs stating, “private organizations that pursue activities to relieve suffering, promote the interests of the poor, protect the environment, provide basic social services or undertake community development”. Mondal, Chowdhury and Basu concluded NGOs have faster reponse times due to less bureaucracy (2015). US disaster response is built on an escalting scale beginning with local response then escalating upward when resources are depleted or overwhelmed (FEMA 2011). Sometimes communication between agencies is disrupted, procedures unclear or not clearly communicated (Cole and Fellows 2008). The International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC), synonymous in the western world with relief through pop culture reference in movies (care packages provided to POWs), as well as disaster relief drives, is not an NGO (ICRC n.d). It functions independently from government based on its mandate and legal status.
I believe NGOs such as the ones previously listed are most crucial international politics for one reason; suffering should have nothing to do with politics. Whether it is a earthquake in Iran, a Hurricane in Puerto Rico, a cyclone in Bangledash, or famine in multiple African countries (Oxfam 2020), governments have limitations in funding, organization, and training. Chandra and Acosta note the importance of NGOs in disaster recovery but also note limitations such as lack of coordination with governemnt agencies (2009). As previously stated, NGOs are gap fillers mean to augment response or fill a.
A new, more technocratic financial governanceJacopo Pendezza
This document discusses the emergence of a more technocratic approach to global financial governance. It argues that technical issues are increasingly being addressed by expert networks rather than traditional state-based institutions, focusing on cooperation over power dynamics. The analysis examines global finance regulation through a liberal internationalism theoretical lens, which emphasizes rational cooperation between states and the role of international institutions in managing interdependence. It provides context on globalization trends and conceptual frameworks for understanding governance and legitimacy at a global level before analyzing the forms and extent of contemporary financial globalization and the institutional mechanisms that govern it.
International corporations as actors in global governanceSpringer
This document provides an overview of global governance and globalization. It summarizes that globalization has diminished the authority of nation-states and led to the emergence of polycentric global governance involving transnational organizations, issues, events, and structures. Global governance is no longer just about governing nation-states, but also involves addressing global issues, serving global constituencies, and increasing transnational cooperation between state and non-state actors. The document then focuses on the role of multinational corporations as powerful non-state actors that influence global governance through activities like lobbying, capital mobility, private regulation, and partnerships with governments.
This course introduces students by examining the multifaceted phenomenon of globalization. The focus on these issues is a multidimentional approach that integrates political, economic, historical geographical and sociological perspectives that created an increasing awareness of the interconnected- ness of peoples and places around the globe. The Contemporary World course is designed to provide students with an understanding of world events. To this end, the course provides an overview of the various debates in global governance, development, and sustainability. Beyond exposing the student to the world outside the Philippines, it seeks to inculcate a sense of global citizenship and global ethical responsibility.
Chapter 1 Global Issues Challenges of GlobalizationA GROWING .docxtiffanyd4
Chapter 1 Global Issues: Challenges of Globalization
A GROWING WORLDWIDE CONNECTEDNESS IN THE AGE OF GLOBALIZATION HAS GIVEN CITIZENS MORE OF A VOICE TO EXPRESS THEIR DISSATISFACTION. In Brazil, Protestors calling for a wide range of reforms marched toward the soccer stadium where a match would be played between Brazil and Uruguay.
Learning Objectives
1. 1.1Identify important terms in international relations
2. 1.2Report the need to adopt an interdisciplinary approach in understanding the impact of new world events
3. 1.3Examine the formation of the modern states with respect to the thirty years’ war in 1618
4. 1.4Recall the challenges to the four types of sovereignty
5. 1.5Report that the European Union was created by redefining the sovereignty of its nations for lasting peace and security
6. 1.6Recall the influence exerted by the Catholic church, transnational companies, and other NGOs in dictating world events
7. 1.7Examine how globalization has brought about greater interdependence between states
8. 1.8Record the major causes of globalization
9. 1.9Review the most important forms of globalization
10. 1.10Recount the five waves of globalization
11. 1.11Recognize reasons as to why France and the US resist globalization
12. 1.12Examine the three dominant views of the extent to which globalization exists
Revolutions in technology, finance, transportation, and communications and different ways of thinking that characterize interdependence and globalization have eroded the power and significance of nation-states and profoundly altered international relations. Countries share power with nonstate actors that have proliferated as states have failed to deal effectively with major global problems.
Many governments have subcontracted several traditional responsibilities to private companies and have created public-private partnerships in some areas. This is exemplified by the hundreds of special economic zones in China, Dubai, and elsewhere. Contracting out traditional functions of government, combined with the centralization of massive amounts of data, facilitated Edward Snowden’s ability to leak what seems to be an almost unlimited amount of information on America’s spying activities.
The connections between states and citizens, a cornerstone of international relations, have been weakened partly by global communications and migration. Social media enable people around the world to challenge governments and to participate in global governance. The prevalence of mass protests globally demonstrates growing frustration with governments’ inability to meet the demands of the people, especially the global middle class.
The growth of multiple national identities, citizenships, and passports challenges traditional international relations. States that played dominant roles in international affairs must now deal with their declining power as global power is more diffused with the rise of China, India, Brazil, and other emerging market countries. States are i.
The document discusses the global interstate system and how it affects the sovereignty of national governments. It defines key concepts like the state, interstate system, and neoliberalism. It also notes how globalization has impacted local governments by influencing factors like property values, jobs, and community exposure. While national policies are shaped by both domestic and international contexts, institutions like the UN, WHO, WTO, IMF help govern globalization and issues that transcend borders through international agreements and coordination. Local governments thus aim to balance economic performance, global engagement, and local social/environmental priorities, but are also influenced by powerful corporations seeking lower taxes and wages.
The document discusses the debate around whether states still matter in an era of globalization. It summarizes the arguments on both sides of the debate. While some argue that globalization has reduced states' powers over policies like taxes and unemployment, others maintain that states still play an important role in regulating economic globalization within their borders. The document also notes that theorists disagree on how to define and conceptualize globalization itself. Overall, it concludes that states continue to exercise autonomy and power through policies that protect citizens and ensure multinational corporations respect the sovereignty of nation-states.
GLOBALIZATION and The Globalization Paradox: Why Global Markets, States, and ...tesfa7
is the process of interaction and integration among people, companies, and governments worldwide (en.m.Wikipedia.org). The authors of the articles discussed that;
Impacts of Globalization on developing and developed countries
Faire economic distribution and employment opportunities
National government demands to frame their policy aligned with international environmental laws and regulations
Law of the Future 2011
23 & 24 June 2011, Peace Palace, The Hague, The Netherlands
Title: Conflict, Fragility and Development in a Globalized World:
Challenges and Implications for the Law of The Future
By: Hassane Cisse
Keynote Presentation
www.lawofthefuture.org
This document is a conceptual essay by student Raul Alejandro Lujan Anaya exploring how globalization affects domestic policymaking, specifically in Hong Kong. The essay argues that globalization has significantly influenced policymaking beyond just economic areas by facilitating cultural, social, and ideological exchanges worldwide. It asserts that globalization was a factor in social movements in Hong Kong in the 1960s that pushed the government to consider human rights and that ongoing issues around national security and education point to globalization's continuing impact on challenging authorities and policies in Hong Kong today.
Globalization Essay: The Role of State, The University of Cambridge, Mphil in...Milena Milicevic
This document provides a 3154 word summary of a student paper on whether developing countries need a strong and effective state to take advantage of opportunities in global markets. It begins by outlining the key factors that contribute to an effective state, including strong performance by various public and private actors working together. It then discusses how developing countries often need to improve governance to become more competitive globally. While an effective state is important, the role of the state declines in neo-liberal capitalism. The document examines the historical use of protectionism by now-developed countries and challenges for developing countries in globalization. It concludes by noting various policy challenges for developing country governments, such as gradual liberalization and managing monetary issues.
Millennium Development Goals: Tool or token of global social governance?UNU-MERIT
This document analyzes the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and whether they represent an effective tool of Global Social Governance. It discusses the emergence of the MDGs, noting they were initially developed by wealthy countries and international organizations without sufficient input from developing nations. This raises questions about ownership and accountability. The document also assesses how comprehensive the MDGs were in reflecting key development concepts like human development. While the MDGs addressed some important aspects like health, education, and living standards, they did not fully cover all dimensions of development like freedom, sustainability, and environmental protection. Overall, the document examines both the strengths and limitations of the MDGs in order to inform discussions on improving global development goals after 2015.
This document discusses issues and problems with defining and measuring democracy, particularly in developing nations. It argues that while many definitions of democracy exist, in practice there is a dominant form - liberal democracy - that is used to evaluate developing nations. This risks oversimplifying other regime types and excluding important contextual factors. Measuring democracy is difficult due to many complex variables, so the focus should be on reducing barriers like international influence that push developing nations towards the dominant model for political and economic reasons rather than democratic progress.
This document discusses several concepts related to global governance, environmental protection, and sustainable development in the 21st century global society. It analyzes concepts such as global governance, good governance, eco-development, and sustainable development. It argues that global governance will require a new global environmental law and ethical framework to ensure states and non-state actors protect the environment. Eco-development is presented as a comprehensive concept that could help harmonize environmental policy with peoples' right to development in a way that recognizes their interconnection and collective nature.
This document analyzes the Non-Aligned Movement (NAM), which was founded in 1961 during the Cold War to represent countries not formally aligned with or against any major power bloc. The author argues that after 60 years, NAM has failed to achieve its goals due to several factors, including the divergence of interests among its many members, lack of leadership, and inability to deal with conflicts between member states. While some argue NAM still has importance, the author believes its organizational weaknesses and inability to resolve conflicts among members have led to its failure to impact international policy as originally intended.
This document defines key terms related to global governance, international law, and national law. It discusses how global governance has shifted away from traditional sovereign nation-states towards looser structures requiring international cooperation. Several non-state actors have emerged to facilitate global problem solving, such as the United Nations and G20 organizations, which aim to enable coordinated international action and response on issues that extend beyond the capabilities of individual states.
2Informative Speech Outline TemplateImpact Of GlobalizatioTaunyaCoffman887
2
Informative Speech Outline Template
Impact Of Globalization on The Sovereignty of State-Nation
Robina Davis
Introduction
Attention getter:
I greet you all. I am Robina Davis from the Institute of Governance and Global leadership. What is your understanding of governance and issues related to global leadership? It is worth noting that governance and global leadership are significant factors that have contributed to the issue of globalization.
State the topic:
Today we will be dealing with the issue of the impact of globalization on the sovereignty of state-nation. The world has come under the same social norms that are eradicating the space of governance within territorial jurisdictions to develop common internationally recognized bodies that would ensure uniformity of leadership and governance across the globe.
Speaker credibility:
I address you from the background of engaging institutions such as the United Nations, the International Monetary Fund, and the World Trade Organization during our governance leadership and global leadership disclosures to understand the role of the organizations in ensuring that nations interact sustainably (Hintzen, 2018).
Thesis Statement:
Thereby, I will address the extent to which globalization has challenged state-nations sovereignty in the current world and future expectations of the impact of globalization on nations' governance.
Preview:
The key ideas that I will cover are the impact of globalization on a country's economic, political, and nation's cultural sovereignty. Further, address the impact of globalization on the rights to development and governance structure.Body
I.
First key idea
Globalization has impacted the role of state governments to take full responsibility for their economic policies, more so the macroeconomic management, and to develop political structures that would enhance their sovereignties. Notably, globalization has contributed to the diffusion of economic practices which are not controlled by global bodies at the expense of state-nations institutions and technology systems employed in nations' economic management. Organizations such as the United Nations, the International Monetary Fund, and the World Trade Organization have been deployed to ensure they oversee the economic operations of nations that have denied countries their sovereignty (Ferguson & Mansbach, 2012). Countries that do not adhere to policies recommended by the organizations are sanctioned or secluded from international economic engagements. The oversight of such organizations results from globalization and challenges nation-state sovereignty.
II.
Second key idea
Consequently, globalization has impacted the political orientation of nations since most state-nations are urged to adopt democratic governance, which does not favor some highly polarized states. Some nations may not experience the benefit of the people's voice in their governan ...
This document summarizes earlier research on the relationship between NGOs and the United Nations, and the role of NGOs in global governance. Scholars have found that NGOs are increasingly influential international actors, but theories of international relations traditionally focus only on states. Research also shows that effective global governance requires cooperation between states and non-state actors like NGOs. While NGOs are omnipresent in UN processes, their influence is still limited within the UN which is primarily a conglomerate of nation-states. The document examines ways to enhance NGO participation and influence in UN decision-making.
This document discusses the concept of "good governance" in development policy. It argues that development is fundamentally political and that effective administration alone cannot generate sustainable development. While competent administration is important, development requires a strong state capable of managing political interests and generating support for reforms. The experience of structural adjustment lending in the 1980s highlighted the importance of political will and capacity for implementing economic changes, as reforms inevitably create both winners and losers. However, current orthodoxy focuses too narrowly on technical solutions and fails to adequately consider the political dynamics of development.
The document discusses three Philippine Supreme Court cases related to labor and election laws:
1) JMM v NLRC (1993) addressed whether an employer was still required to post an appeal bond despite posting other surety bonds. The Court held that the appeal bond served a different purpose from the other bonds and was still required.
2) Mateo Casela v. Court of Appeals involved whether a motion for execution of a writ was time-barred. The Court excluded time periods where execution was suspended and found the motion was timely.
3) Datu Michael Abas Kida v. Senate of the Philippines concerned the constitutionality of resetting ARMM elections. The Court upheld the new law,
This document summarizes ordinances and resolutions passed by local governments in Palawan, Philippines regarding the banning of shipping live fish and lobsters outside of Puerto Princesa City and prohibiting the catching, selling, and shipping of certain marine organisms from Palawan waters. Specifically, it summarizes Ordinance No. 15-92 passed by Puerto Princesa City banning the shipping of all live fish and lobsters outside the city from 1993 to 1998 with some exemptions. It also summarizes Office Order No. 23 implementing the city ordinance. Lastly, it summarizes Resolution No. 33 and Ordinance No. 2 passed by the Sangguniang Panlalawigan (Provincial Council) of Pal
ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, and GDPR: Best Practices for Implementation and...PECB
Denis is a dynamic and results-driven Chief Information Officer (CIO) with a distinguished career spanning information systems analysis and technical project management. With a proven track record of spearheading the design and delivery of cutting-edge Information Management solutions, he has consistently elevated business operations, streamlined reporting functions, and maximized process efficiency.
Certified as an ISO/IEC 27001: Information Security Management Systems (ISMS) Lead Implementer, Data Protection Officer, and Cyber Risks Analyst, Denis brings a heightened focus on data security, privacy, and cyber resilience to every endeavor.
His expertise extends across a diverse spectrum of reporting, database, and web development applications, underpinned by an exceptional grasp of data storage and virtualization technologies. His proficiency in application testing, database administration, and data cleansing ensures seamless execution of complex projects.
What sets Denis apart is his comprehensive understanding of Business and Systems Analysis technologies, honed through involvement in all phases of the Software Development Lifecycle (SDLC). From meticulous requirements gathering to precise analysis, innovative design, rigorous development, thorough testing, and successful implementation, he has consistently delivered exceptional results.
Throughout his career, he has taken on multifaceted roles, from leading technical project management teams to owning solutions that drive operational excellence. His conscientious and proactive approach is unwavering, whether he is working independently or collaboratively within a team. His ability to connect with colleagues on a personal level underscores his commitment to fostering a harmonious and productive workplace environment.
Date: May 29, 2024
Tags: Information Security, ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, Artificial Intelligence, GDPR
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The simplified electron and muon model, Oscillating Spacetime: The Foundation...RitikBhardwaj56
Discover the Simplified Electron and Muon Model: A New Wave-Based Approach to Understanding Particles delves into a groundbreaking theory that presents electrons and muons as rotating soliton waves within oscillating spacetime. Geared towards students, researchers, and science buffs, this book breaks down complex ideas into simple explanations. It covers topics such as electron waves, temporal dynamics, and the implications of this model on particle physics. With clear illustrations and easy-to-follow explanations, readers will gain a new outlook on the universe's fundamental nature.
A workshop hosted by the South African Journal of Science aimed at postgraduate students and early career researchers with little or no experience in writing and publishing journal articles.
Executive Directors Chat Leveraging AI for Diversity, Equity, and InclusionTechSoup
Let’s explore the intersection of technology and equity in the final session of our DEI series. Discover how AI tools, like ChatGPT, can be used to support and enhance your nonprofit's DEI initiatives. Participants will gain insights into practical AI applications and get tips for leveraging technology to advance their DEI goals.
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty, In...Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty,
International FDP on Fundamentals of Research in Social Sciences
at Integral University, Lucknow, 06.06.2024
By Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
Thinking of getting a dog? Be aware that breeds like Pit Bulls, Rottweilers, and German Shepherds can be loyal and dangerous. Proper training and socialization are crucial to preventing aggressive behaviors. Ensure safety by understanding their needs and always supervising interactions. Stay safe, and enjoy your furry friends!
Physiology and chemistry of skin and pigmentation, hairs, scalp, lips and nail, Cleansing cream, Lotions, Face powders, Face packs, Lipsticks, Bath products, soaps and baby product,
Preparation and standardization of the following : Tonic, Bleaches, Dentifrices and Mouth washes & Tooth Pastes, Cosmetics for Nails.
How to Fix the Import Error in the Odoo 17Celine George
An import error occurs when a program fails to import a module or library, disrupting its execution. In languages like Python, this issue arises when the specified module cannot be found or accessed, hindering the program's functionality. Resolving import errors is crucial for maintaining smooth software operation and uninterrupted development processes.
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Fernando Miguel Angel Santamaría Pérez
A01210518
Institutions and International Organizations
CCM.RI2014
Keeping Global Governance
The beginning of the 21’st century was extremely turbulent, but stated how
fragile was the world constituted through the past century. The 9/11 terrorist
attacks, 2007 financial crisis, global warming and wealth crisis, just to mention
some, redefined finances, economy and global governance. This last one was
2. questioned since mid-90, when the globalization feels strongest than ever, but
with the appearance of new actors the idea of stability started to seem as an
illusion. The current institutions that represents the so called global governance
are obsoletes and must be reformed to influence further than economics and
finances to face the new global challenges. In the next pages the weaknesses,
strengths and progress of global governance (G.G.) will be analyzed.
G.G. is not the same than international government or “world order” (that
sounds as a conspiracy cliché) and suggests that should respond to a sort of
“executive entity”, but its compound by the “processes and institutions, both
formal and informal, that guide and restrain the collective activities of a group”
(Rasche, A., 2012, p. 101) giving coherence and parameters of how the
international actors could interact between them with mutual agreements
looking for an effective functionality. There’s no such thing as a manual of how
G.G. exercise its influence because the many institutions that constitute it. As it
is based in multiple actors that influence almost every sector, it works as a
linking platform connecting local, national and international addressing
problems and solutions in function that they share goals more than legal
authority (Rasche, A., 2012, p. 102) Through this basic idea they create a new
action framework where three spheres are relevant for the correct functioning of
this system: political domain, economic domain and civil society domain, and
works in the three linking levels mentioned before1 (Rasche, A., 2012, p. 103)
In order to understand G.G., globalization needs to be defined; the
concept tries to be inclusive, but it’s merely understood just in economic terms.
So the ideal of create a global network of cooperation in every way is a
misconception. Nevertheless, it is the potentialapertures to have any kind of
transactions (cultural, economic or political) with any actor implied on the
international scene what will be comprehend as “global” (Maytnz, R. 2002 p. 1).
1Andreas Rasche,professor of Business in Society atCopenhagen Business School and co-author of the
article“Institutionalizingglobal governance:the roleof the United Nations Compact”, establish three
interpretations for this model: a multiactor perspective, a multilevel perspective and a network
perspective. The firstone refers to observe the elements as individualsbutcoexistingon the frame and
collaboratingon the generation of policies;the second one increases the interconnection not only
between the actor but also on their different levels;the lastone complement the other two with the
perspective of the integration vertically and horizontally in order to achieveconsensus and solutionsto
global governance.
3. The first attempt to being global, in an institutional level was after World War I
with the foundation of “The League of Nations”, and after with the creation of
United Nations (UN) the basisof an international structure began to rise. But all
the benefits of being global also carry a lot of new conflicts.
The globalization changed the dynamics of every kind of relation
between countries until the point that started to have a responsibility on the
others. Because of it, the space of sovereignty of the State began to disappear,
and even started to be opposite to the mentioned responsibility2. “The states
are most responsible of the world order. To the contractual responsibility with
their citizens need to be added one that compromise them with the exterior, the
environment, the peace and development” (Innerarity, D., 2012 p. 18) the
structure of the traditional institution that takes care about the different areas of
development must be projected to function internationally, but this change
brings up two problems: a. the non-politic nature of the globalization bring up a
power empty and b. that the new international institutions could be considered
non democratic.
If the interaction is getting cooperative it is absurd think that the
governance model followed by the states will not suffer any change; national
governance had been state-centered and was based on the concept of
sovereignty. The idea of give up some authority in order to get benefits it wasn’t
very pleasant, but when problems as poverty, hunger, terrorism, war,
immigration and lack of resources started to rise dramatically since the
governments closed their distances, they noticed about that can’t be solved
unilaterally because the missing of authority (Rasche, A., 2012, p. 102)
consequence of expand virtually their frontiers. The disappearance of the power
of the aisled state as has been known until now, and be subordinated to
common interests reduces the influence of the governments in their countries.
The concept of democracy loses terrain versus legitimacy, thanks to the
2 On her article“The national states and global governance”,the German sociologistand director
emeritus of the Max Planck Institutefor the Study of Societies,Renate Maytnz mention that the national
economies used their access to the markets of other countries adheringto international i nstitutionsan
treaties. These helps to answer the pressureof being immerse in a most globalized world and also
supposea lotof benefits to their respective citizens but exposes their finances to bigger crisis.The
benefits don’t seem to compensate the political,economic and social restrictionsthatnow have to
followbecausethey belong to a more complex structure.
4. reconfiguration beyond the state, and besides remarks the differences between
political spaces and social spaces (Innerarity, 2012 p.16) empowers other
actors not legitimized by popular election, and should be considered
undemocratic generating disputes inside and outside dissolving power in little
cells.
What put the world governments in this kind of predicaments? Well, the
development of new technologies for telecommunications creates a new
perspective of how the individuals could interact and send and retrieve
information. This, subsequently, changes the ways we commerce and how the
countries should produce creating the adequate scenarios to bring up the
political globalization. The negative effects of the different kinds of globalization
have been made necessary the creation of structures that should stop the
conflicts that created them in first place (Maytnz, R. 2002, p. 2).
Five types of globalization could be considered as motors of the global
interaction and involves the problems that need to be challenged in this era; to
be considered: the global expansion of transport and telecommunication that is
the base of the next four; the economic globalization because the
transnationals; the ecological globalization that considers all the negatives
externalities of the global warming; the fourth it’s the increasing of the violence
and the fifth it’s the global civil society3. Solutions will be bringing as long as the
affected countries starts to solve the problem for themselves. The application of
policies that should concern the other member countries will push up the efforts
of the region. Just think a moment about European Union or all those regional
commercial treaties and organizations that, in order to expand its members,
help other nations to reach and keep a level of development.The sovereignty of
the states is affected when they started to consider these aspects on their
policies because the international competitiveness pressures them to notice
about other countries growing capital (Maytnz, R, 2002, p. 3). The main conflicts
are that the social security of the population is compromised and the personal
interest of certain characters that will try to take advantage of this structures.
3Understandingthe concept of “global civil society”international non-governmental societies that
represents certain sectors as enterprises tryingto reach goals thatare part of the public interest.
5. So, the problems seem to be complicated and that crushes some level of
independence. It’s the global governance necessary? The answer is a
convincing yes because it gives better tools to the countries to get into the
international scenario. In most of the international or intergovernmental
institutions the way of proceed is through negotiation instead of being an
authority. “The international regimes constitute, clearly and openly, solutions
reached through negotiations […] trying to get them from the experts […] with a
high technical level” (Maytnz, R, 2002 p. 4) this is actually the core of global
governance.
The paradox of restrictions is the most polemical characteristic. The
collective decisions that can be taken inside will be guided by organisms as UN,
IMF, WB or WTO4. In these cases, the states will try to push the negotiations in
order to flip the restrictive ones into protector and look for their own interests
(Maytnz, R., 2002, p. 5) On the other hand, as we consider that the G.G.
structure comes from the state, this game of equilibrium differs a lot from region
to region. It was explained before the case of the European Union, but what
about Africa, for example? Most of these countries are ruled by dictators, the
currency is overrated and their markets are closed to the exterior (Maytnz, R.,
2002, p. 6) as was established a couple of paragraphs ago, the global
governance is ruled by finances and technology development, if the area has a
serious lack of stability and ·a unified “democracy”. Even is just a matter of
resources what has put some of these countries on the board.
Let’s go deeper about its democratization. The basic believe about is the
base that everybody supposes for governance as an inclusive structure. “What
is about it is to understand the equilibrium between national and international as
defy to extend democracy to new processes” (Innerarity, D., 2012, p. 16).but the
interactions among countries is most of the times an economic depoliticized
actions and democracy couldn’t not exist further national state because the
process of legitimization of the global governance. It doesn’t arise from a
popular election so it’s more prone to be victim of doubts.
4United Nations,International Monetary Fund, World Bank and World Trade Organization respectively.
6. Invariably the topic of justice needs to be touched. Does justice exist in a
more complex international interaction? The same way as democracy, the
justice that we know is based on the limits of the state. “Talk about international
justice is talk about interdependencies that establish communities beyond legal
framework” (Innerarity, D, 2012, p. 21) there’s no more standardized procedure
because don’t exist a thing as an international constitution, but it’s based on the
recognition of responsibility of the other based on cause and effect (e.g. the
violation of human rights In some region will cause the immediate action) and
will be guided by the international institutional framework to cooperative
solutions.
As has been seen, the organization of international institutions has a
more complex structure than could be appear. The strengths and weaknesses
of them get lost because each one, in different levels, could be both at the same
time. The main problems detected were: legitimization of the organisms,
democratization of them and the foundations of the authority. The reform, not
only structural but conceptual, will change the ancient parameters of the
organisms if we realized that most of them were founded almost eighty years
ago, when the needs where merely financial and economical (or they believe
that).
If the Global Governance is supposed to be the main support of the
foreign affairs, it must help to solve the external problems that affect countries
derivate from international negotiations that only want to hold some personal
and political interests from other nations. Even when the national state keeps
being the center of the political structure, the constitution of a new type, well
understood and structured, is fundamental. The regionalization of the world
demands partnership and dialogue. If a country decides to keep going through
its own will encounter a heavy wall that will be fighting against the asymmetries
of power in favor of a true global multilevel policy (Maytnz, R., 2002, p. 7).
Conceptualize that is not an obligation of diminish but to change the order of the
world to face the new challenges.
7. References
Innerarity, D. (2012). La gobernanza global, de la soberanía a la
responsabilidad. (Spanish). Revista CIDOB D'afers Internacionals, (100),
11-23. Retrieved
from:http://web.ebscohost.com/ehost/detail?vid=4&sid=aa4af461-2733-
4488-a7fe-
2f5133e47322%40sessionmgr113&hid=127&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3
QtbGl2ZQ%3d%3d#db=a9h&AN=86389606. Accessed May 7, 2013.
Rasche, A., & Gilbert, D. (2012). Institutionalizing global governance: the
role of the United Nations Global Compact. Business Ethics: A European
Review, 21(1), 100-114. doi:10.1111/j.1467-8608.2011.01642.x
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