Expedition 8 of Dive and Discover conducted a 17-day expedition to study hydrothermal vents off the Pacific Northwest coast using the submersible Alvin. The scientists deployed instruments and collected samples of fluids and organisms to learn how microbes can survive in the extreme conditions. In 2003, instruments called microbial incubators were placed inside vent chimneys to study microbes, and the expedition aimed to recover these instruments. Once retrieved, the microbes will be studied to determine their genetic makeup and how they metabolize in varying temperatures and pressures to survive.
Origin of life in universe is most debating and interesting topic for all scientist .which divided in 3 parts chemosynthesis theory ,RNA world hypothesis and some evidence about extraterrestrial life.
Earth and Life Sciences for Senior High School by Duyanen and Andaya pages 176-179
My fun and colorful grade 11 report on Life Sciences 2nd semester of A.Y. 2016-2017 under Ms. Lagmay
Delivered this as talk series on Evolution to some of my colleagues interested in systems thinking. It was a great learning for me and will incorporate it into a sequel later.
Updates:
1. Version 2013.11.23 - Reorganized some slides, added images and credits
2. Version 2013.11.25 - Reorganized presentation around three aspects. Added better intro.
3. Version 2013.11.26 - Updated implications aspect for global warming and behavioral sink.
4. Version 2013.11.27 - Updated taxonomy discussion.
5. V 2013.12.05 - Updated natural selection, convergent evolution and punctuated equilibrium. Reorg of slides.
6. V 2013.12.16 - Added chaos and self-organization slides.
7. V 2013.12.21 - Added extinctions and explosions.
8. V2013.12.23 - Added more chaos explanation and Wikipedia logo.
9. V2014.05.05 - Corrected spelling mistakes and cleaned up slides.
Chapter 17
Evoution of Life
The Origin of Life
Did Life on Earth Originate on Mars?
Early Life on Earth
Charles Darwin and The Origin of Species
How Natural Selection Works
Adaptation
Staying Warm and Keeping Cool
Evolution and Genetics
How Species Form
Evidence of Evolution
Fossils: Earth's Tangible Evidence of Evolution
The Evolution of Humans
History of Science: The Peppered Moth
Science and Society: Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria
Origin of life in universe is most debating and interesting topic for all scientist .which divided in 3 parts chemosynthesis theory ,RNA world hypothesis and some evidence about extraterrestrial life.
Earth and Life Sciences for Senior High School by Duyanen and Andaya pages 176-179
My fun and colorful grade 11 report on Life Sciences 2nd semester of A.Y. 2016-2017 under Ms. Lagmay
Delivered this as talk series on Evolution to some of my colleagues interested in systems thinking. It was a great learning for me and will incorporate it into a sequel later.
Updates:
1. Version 2013.11.23 - Reorganized some slides, added images and credits
2. Version 2013.11.25 - Reorganized presentation around three aspects. Added better intro.
3. Version 2013.11.26 - Updated implications aspect for global warming and behavioral sink.
4. Version 2013.11.27 - Updated taxonomy discussion.
5. V 2013.12.05 - Updated natural selection, convergent evolution and punctuated equilibrium. Reorg of slides.
6. V 2013.12.16 - Added chaos and self-organization slides.
7. V 2013.12.21 - Added extinctions and explosions.
8. V2013.12.23 - Added more chaos explanation and Wikipedia logo.
9. V2014.05.05 - Corrected spelling mistakes and cleaned up slides.
Chapter 17
Evoution of Life
The Origin of Life
Did Life on Earth Originate on Mars?
Early Life on Earth
Charles Darwin and The Origin of Species
How Natural Selection Works
Adaptation
Staying Warm and Keeping Cool
Evolution and Genetics
How Species Form
Evidence of Evolution
Fossils: Earth's Tangible Evidence of Evolution
The Evolution of Humans
History of Science: The Peppered Moth
Science and Society: Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria
Exoplanet hunters rethink search for alien lifeSérgio Sacani
S
teve Desch can see the future of exoplanet
research, and it’s not pretty. Imagine, he
says, that astronomers use NASA’s upcoming
James Webb Space Telescope to scour the
atmosphere of an Earth-mass world for signs
of life. Then imagine that they chase hints of
atmospheric oxygen for years — before realizing
that those were false positives produced
by geological activity instead of living things
human evolution, origin of life, big bang theory, theories on origin of life, evolution of life forms, experimental evidence on theory of chemical evolution, evidences of evolution, homology and analogy, biochemical and biogeographical evidences, adaptive radiation, lamarck's theory of evolution, darwins theory of evolution, mechanism of evolution, hardy weinberg principle, mutations
Summarize the three (3) current competing theories of the origin of .docxfredr6
Summarize the three (3) current competing theories of the origin of life on Earth: it arrived from an extraterrestrial source, it originated as a heterotroph, it originated as an autotroph.
The answer to the question of the origin of life is a puzzle that scientists to this day cannot solve. Yet with continual research, scientists find evidence that will one day bring a solution. At present, there are three competing theories of how life came on Earth. All these theories but one of them states that life arrived here from an outside source. Swedish scientist Svante Arrhenius popularized the idea of panspermia in the early nineteen hundreds; this is the concept that life arose outside the Earth and that living things were transported to Earth to seed the planet with life. According to the passage, this theory does not explain how life arose originally and had little scientific support at that time.
Arrhenius' theory however has been revived and modified after gaining new evidence from the examinations of meteorites and space explorations. Organic molecules are found in many meteorites, and this suggests that life may have existed elsewhere in the solar system. An analysis of a meteorite found in Antarctica in 1996 suggested that from its chemical make-up, it was a portion of Mars; also the presence of complex organic molecules and small globules resembled those found on earth. At the current moment, most scientists no longer agree that their structures are from microorganisms, but there are still groups of scientists who still believe that they are.
Another hypothesis for the origin of life focuses on spontaneous generation. Spontaneous generation is the concept that living things arise from nonliving material. Aristotle proposed this concept between 384-322 B.C. and it was widely accepted until the seventeenth century. Many scientists support the idea that first living things on Earth were heterotrophs, which lived off organic molecules in the ocean. There is evidence to suggest that a wide variety of compounds were present in the early oceans, some of which could have been used, unchanged, by primitive cells. Because the earliest cells appear in the fossil record before any evidence of oxygen in the atmosphere, these early heterotrophs would have been anaerobic organisms.
According to the heterotrophic hypothesis the first living beings were very simple organisms, i.e., not producers of their own food, which emerged from the gradual association of organic molecules into small organized structures (the coacervates). The first organic molecules in their turn would have appeared from substances of the earth's primitive atmosphere submitted to strong electrical discharges, to solar radiation and to high temperatures.
Although the heterotrophic hypothesis for the origin living things was the prevailing theory for many years, recent discoveries have caused many scientists to consider an alternative that leads to the third hypothesis of how Earth.
1. Their MissionIn the spring of 2004, Expedition 8 of Dive and Discover, went as researchers diving in the submersible Alvin to explore hydrothermal vents off the Pacific Northwest coast. During the 17-day expedition to Juan de Fuca Ridge, the scientists and engineers will deploy new ocean instruments and gather samples of fluids and organisms from the vents to learn how microbes live in this high-pressure, super-heated environment. How organisms live in this environment has been a question since Darwin’s Journey when Darwin found living organisms in the ocean.In 2003, scientists identified a heat-loving microbe from the Mothra Field that thrived at 250 degrees Fahrenheit or 211°C, a temperature that no other life form is known to tolerate. These microscopic creatures tolerated high fluid temperatures, little oxygen, and used iron for metabolism.This research is part of a new study to develop sensors that are capable of measuring and recording chemical, biological, and physical processes directly within deep-sea vents. This will help scientists study the extreme conditions under which these microscopic creatures live in and how their habitat changes over time.Also in 2003, scientists from the University of Washington (UW) and the Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute (MBARI) placed instruments called microbial incubators inside the walls of three black smoker chimneys in the Mothra and Main Endeavour vent fields. Microbes that live inside the chimneys are also growing within these incubators. During Expedition 8, researchers diving in the submersible Alvin will recover the instruments and the microbes inside. quot;
We are excited, but also a bit nervous about getting the instruments back,quot;
says Deb Kelley, a University of Washington researcher and the chief scientist on the expedition. quot;
They are the first instruments of their kind, and this will be their first long-term test within these extreme environments.quot;
Investigating how microorganisms thriving in these environments helps researchers to answer big questions about life on Earth. Just like how Darwin’s Journey, Darwin was trying to answer this big question. Their work will aid in determining how microorganisms can live beneath the ocean floor, and will help to explore the possibility of similar life forms surviving with little oxygen in extreme environments on other planets in the solar system. Once divers in Alvin retrieve the instruments, researchers onboard the support ship RV Atlantis will continue to grow the microorganisms to determine how they live in various temperatures and pressures, and to study the gases and organic compounds they tolerate. Researchers will also examine their genetic makeup, metabolic processes, and what they eat to survive. Maybe after this expedition Darwin’s question will finally be answered! Expedition 8 of Dive and Discover<br />Mounds of tubewormsStalked barnacles<br />The Crew Works Cited BIBLIOGRAPHY Institution, Woods Hole Oceanographic. Dive and Discover. 10 June 2004. 26 September 2010 <http://www.divediscover.whoi.edu/expedition8/index.html>.Pictures from-Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution & National Science Foundation. quot;
Stalked Barnacles.quot;
stalked barnacles Dive and Discover. 1, June 2004 <http://www.divediscover.whoi.edu/expedition8/daily/ss040601/6.html>Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution & National Science Foundation. “Three swimmers accompanied by Alvin.quot;
Three swimmers accompanied by Alvin Dive and Discover. 1, June 2004 <http://www.divediscover.whoi.edu/expedition8/daily/ss040528/3.html>Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution & National Science Foundation. quot;
Tubeworms.quot;
tubeworms Dive and Discover. 1, June 2004 < http://www.divediscover.whoi.edu/expedition8/daily/ss040603/6.html>Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution & National Science Foundation. quot;
Roane.quot;
Roane Dive and Discover. 1, June 2004 < http://www.divediscover.whoi.edu/expedition8/daily/ss040526/8.html> Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution & National Science Foundation. quot;
Alvin.quot;
Alvin Dive and Discover. 1, June 2004 < http://www.divediscover.whoi.edu/expedition8/daily/ss040526/index.html>Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution & National Science Foundation. quot;
Scientists & Crew.quot;
Scientists & Crew Dive and Discover. 1, June 2004 < http://www.divediscover.whoi.edu/expedition8/scientists/index.html>Tube worms measuring 3 to 4 inches were retrieved along with a sample of a black smoker hydrothermal vent chimney called Roane.<br />