This presentation is about the introduction to computer networks, characteristics of computer networks, types of networks (LAN,MAN,WAN)

1. DATA COMMUNICATION AND
NETWORKS
Introduction to Computer Networks
Prepared by,
Dr. P. Muthu Krishnammal
Professor/ECE
Narayana Engineering college- gudur
Andhra Pradesh
E-mail: muthukrishnammal341@gmail.com

2. Scope for networking

3. Course
outline
& Physical Layer

4. Definition-
Computer
networks

5. Computer
network-
definition

6. Example of a
computer
network

7. Activity

8. Activity

9. Basic Network terminologies
Building a network Computer Network
• A computer network or data network is a telecommunications network which allows computers to
exchange data. Data is transferred in the form of packets.
• A set of nodes connected by communication links. A node can be a computer or any other device
capable to send and receive data.
• A network is a connected collection of devices and end systems, such as computers and servers,
which can communicate with each other.

10. Basic computer network

11. Applications
Most people know about the Internet (a computer
network) through applications
World Wide Web
Email
Online Social Network
Streaming Audio Video
File Sharing
Instant Messaging
…

12. Applications of
Communication &
Computer Network
• Computer systems and peripherals are connected to form
a network. They provide numerous advantages:
 Resource sharing such as printers and storage devices
 Exchange of information by means of e-Mails and FTP
 Information sharing by using Web or Internet
 Interaction with other users using dynamic web pages
 IP phones
 Video conferences
 Parallel computing
 Instant messaging

13. Basic Characteristics of
computer Networks

14. Basic Characteristics of a computer network

15. Fault tolerance

16. Example of computer network

17. Scalability

18. Scalable Network- the internet

19. Quality of service (QoS)

20. Example of computer network

21. Security

22. Example of computer network

23. Data communications

24. Data communication

25. Data flow

26. Data flow-simplex

27. Data flow- Half duplex

28. Data flow- full duplex

29. Computer Network Architecture
• Computer Network Architecture is defined as the physical and
logical design of the software, hardware, protocols, and media
of the transmission of data. Simply we can say that how
computers are organized and how tasks are allocated to the
computer.
• The two types of network architectures are used:
• Peer-To-Peer network
• Client/Server network

30. Peer-to-peer network

31. Peer-To-Peer network
• Peer-To-Peer network is a network in which all
the computers are linked together with equal
privilege and responsibilities for processing the
data.
• Peer-To-Peer network is useful for small
environments, usually up to 10 computers.
• Peer-To-Peer network has no dedicated server.
• Special permissions are assigned to each
computer for sharing the resources, but this can
lead to a problem if the computer with the
resource is down.

32. Pros and cons of Peer-To-Peer Network
Advantages Of Peer-To-Peer Network:
• It is less costly as it does not contain any dedicated server.
• If one computer stops working but, other computers will not stop
working.
• It is easy to set up and maintain as each computer manages itself.
Disadvantages Of Peer-To-Peer Network:
• In the case of Peer-To-Peer network, it does not contain the
centralized system . Therefore, it cannot back up the data as the
data is different in different locations.
• It has a security issue as the device is managed itself.

33. Client-server network

34. Client/Server
network model
• Client/Server network is a network model designed for the end users
called clients, to access the resources such as songs, video, etc. from a
central computer known as Server.
• The central controller is known as a server while all other computers in
the network are called clients.
• A server performs all the major operations such as security and network
management.
• A server is responsible for managing all the resources such as files,
directories, printer, etc.
• All the clients communicate with each other through a server. For
example, if client1 wants to send some data to client 2, then it first sends
the request to the server for the permission. The server sends the
response to the client 1 to initiate its communication with the client 2.

35. Pros and cons of
Client/Server network
Advantages Of Client/Server network:
• A Client/Server network contains the centralized system. Therefore, we
can back up the data easily.
• A Client/Server network has a dedicated server that improves the overall
performance of the whole system.
• Security is better in Client/Server network as a single server administers
the shared resources.
• It also increases the speed of the sharing resources.
Disadvantages Of Client/Server network:
• Client/Server network is expensive as it requires the server with large
memory.
• A server has a Network Operating System(NOS) to provide the resources
to the clients, but the cost of NOS is very high.
• It requires a dedicated network administrator to manage all the resources.

36. Classification of computer networks

37. Classification of
interconnected
processors by scale

38. (1) Local Area networks

39. LANs

40. (2) Metropolitan Area networks

41. Metropolitan Area networks

42. MAN

43. Think and write
WHAT ARE THE ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES
OF MAN?

44. Think and
write

45. Wide Area Networks (WAN)

46. Wide Area networks (WAN)

47. WAN

48. The internet

49. Difference between LAN, MAN and WAN

50. New trends

51. Storage Area Network (sAN)