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J. Byrne 2013

1
Butt Joints
• A butt joint is made when two pieces of wood are butted
together and glued.
• End grain to side grain is not very strong

J. Byrne 2013

2
Name These Edge Joints
a

b

c

d

Rubbed glue joint

Dowel joint

Biscuit joint

Loose tongue joint

Can you draw a Comb joint, Tongue & Groove or
Slotted screw joint.
J. Byrne 2013

3
Section through board widening joints.

A : Rubbed Glue Joint
B : Tongue & Groove Joint
C : Biscuit Joint
D : Loose Tongue
E : Dowel Joint

Scarf Joints
J. Byrne 2013

4
Modern Comb joint

Cutters used in table router
J. Byrne 2013

5
Having / Lap joints
• Lap joints are created when two pieces of wood overlap
one another at a right angle. Very simple form of jointing.

Can you name another type of having?
J. Byrne 2013

6
Bridle Joints
• The bridle joint is a simple joint. Material is usually
divided into thirds.

Tee Bridle

Corner Bridle
J. Byrne 2013

7
Mortise & Tenon
• The mortise and tenon joint is one of the strongest
traditional furniture joints. Usually found on good quality
furniture.
• It was sometimes reinforced with wedges, pegs or keys.
• Lots of variations of these joints based on material being
jointed and function of joint.
• Barefaced tenon only has one
shoulder used for connecting a
narrow rail to a leg.
Barefaced tenon
J. Byrne 2013

8
Mortise & Tenon
• The haunch helps prevent the wider
rails from twisting as it is fitted into the
groove used mainly on panelled doors.
Haunched M & T
• The high and low shoulder or long
and short shoulder is used on rebated
frames such as mirror or picture frames
or window frames.

J. Byrne 2013

High & Low Shoulder
M&T
9
Mortise & Tenon
• The scribed M&T used on Kitchen &
Wardrobe doors. The components
are machined using cutters. A larger
scribed M&T can be carried out on the
double ended tennoner for large
Scribed M & T
panelled doors.
• The mitred M&T is also used on
rebated frames such as mirror or
picture frames and cabinet doors.
The material is removed to allow
for a straight shoulder.
Mitred M & T
J. Byrne 2013

10
Keyed Mortice and Tenon

J. Byrne 2013

11
Craftsmanspace
Free technical plans, books, patterns, software

How to mark out a Key

http://www.craftsmanspace.com/knowledge/keyed-mortise-and-tenon-joint.html
J. Byrne 2013

12
Corner Mitre Joints
• The mitre joint usually cut at 45 degrees, on the ends of
two pieces of wood, used on frames.

Mitred bridle joint
Can you name this bottom joint
J. Byrne 2013

13
Housing joints
• Jointing across the width shelf to side.

Can you draw a rebate housing & dovetail housing
J. Byrne 2013

14
Dovetails
• The dovetail joint is one of the most distinctive and best
antique furniture joints used in furniture construction to
join wood at a right angle.
• Recognised by the angled pieces that replicate doves’
tails.
• They form a strong interlockable joint with a large gluing
area.
• Used for joining carcass ends and for creating drawers.
• Wide variations available, used as features on high class
furniture.
J. Byrne 2013

15
Carcase Joints

Through Dovetail

Double Lapped
Dovetail

Lapped Dovetail

Secret Mitre Dovetail
J. Byrne 2013

Finger Joint

Through Pinned
Joint
16
Rule Joint
This joint is used on drop leaf tables. The rule joint is jointed
together using a rule joint hinge. The hinge has one leaf
longer than the other why?

Rule joint hinge. Image from
woodworkersjournal.com
J. Byrne 2013

17
Knuckle Joint
• Traditional moveable joint used on drop leaf tables

J. Byrne 2013

18
Trend 9/41 Knuckle Joint Cutter
Note: Cutter should be used in router table

J. Byrne 2013

19
Quick Test
• What have you learned so far?
• See if you can correctly name each joint
before progressing onto the next slide.

J. Byrne 2013

20
Can You Name these joints

J. Byrne 2013

21
Can You Name these joints

A : Rubbed Glue Joint
B : Tongue & Groove Joint
C : Biscuit Joint
D : Loose Tongue
E : Dowel Joint

Scarf Joints
J. Byrne 2013

22
Can You Name these joints

J. Byrne 2012

23
Can You Name these joints

1 Bridle joint

4 Mitred M & T

2 Barefaced M & T

5 High & Low Shoulder
M&T

7 Haunched M & T

8 Corner Mitred
J. joint
Bridle Byrne 2012

3 Scribed M & T

6 Fox wedged M & T

9 Twin Tenon

24
Can You Name these joints

J. Byrne 2013

25
Can You Name these joints

Rule joint

Projected wedged
mortise & tenon

Dovetail Key

Tennoned &
mitred clamped
J. Byrne 2013

Knuckle joint

Housing joint
26
Can You Name these joints

J. Byrne 2013

27
Can You Name these joints

Stopped Housing

Stopped Dovetail
Housing

Dovetail Halving

Machine Dovetails
J. Byrne 2013

Hammer Head
Tenon joint

Bridle Joint
28
Modern Jointing
• Using machines and jigs.
• Click link to bring you to video
demonstration.

J. Byrne 2013

29
Modern Jointing

J. Byrne 2013

30
Dowels
• Dowel are a fast way of jointing.
• Holes need to be aligned accurately.
• Different patterns are available that
allow glue to spread.

J. Byrne 2013

31
Biscuits
• Biscuits are a faster way of jointing, small allowance for
accuracy.

J. Byrne 2013

32
Domino
• Cross between a dowel and a biscuit you get a domino
tennon.
• Festool domino joiner

J. Byrne 2013

33
Beadlock Pro
• Alternative to the mortice
and tennon something
similar to using a
false tennon.
• Using jig drill a series of
holes to match width of
bead.

J. Byrne 2013

34
JessEm Slip slot mortise mill
This is based on false tenons. It is a jig and custom made
drill bit that can be used in any handheld drill.

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_VtVGnxlBrc
J. Byrne 2013

35

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1 furniture joints student

  • 2. Butt Joints • A butt joint is made when two pieces of wood are butted together and glued. • End grain to side grain is not very strong J. Byrne 2013 2
  • 3. Name These Edge Joints a b c d Rubbed glue joint Dowel joint Biscuit joint Loose tongue joint Can you draw a Comb joint, Tongue & Groove or Slotted screw joint. J. Byrne 2013 3
  • 4. Section through board widening joints. A : Rubbed Glue Joint B : Tongue & Groove Joint C : Biscuit Joint D : Loose Tongue E : Dowel Joint Scarf Joints J. Byrne 2013 4
  • 5. Modern Comb joint Cutters used in table router J. Byrne 2013 5
  • 6. Having / Lap joints • Lap joints are created when two pieces of wood overlap one another at a right angle. Very simple form of jointing. Can you name another type of having? J. Byrne 2013 6
  • 7. Bridle Joints • The bridle joint is a simple joint. Material is usually divided into thirds. Tee Bridle Corner Bridle J. Byrne 2013 7
  • 8. Mortise & Tenon • The mortise and tenon joint is one of the strongest traditional furniture joints. Usually found on good quality furniture. • It was sometimes reinforced with wedges, pegs or keys. • Lots of variations of these joints based on material being jointed and function of joint. • Barefaced tenon only has one shoulder used for connecting a narrow rail to a leg. Barefaced tenon J. Byrne 2013 8
  • 9. Mortise & Tenon • The haunch helps prevent the wider rails from twisting as it is fitted into the groove used mainly on panelled doors. Haunched M & T • The high and low shoulder or long and short shoulder is used on rebated frames such as mirror or picture frames or window frames. J. Byrne 2013 High & Low Shoulder M&T 9
  • 10. Mortise & Tenon • The scribed M&T used on Kitchen & Wardrobe doors. The components are machined using cutters. A larger scribed M&T can be carried out on the double ended tennoner for large Scribed M & T panelled doors. • The mitred M&T is also used on rebated frames such as mirror or picture frames and cabinet doors. The material is removed to allow for a straight shoulder. Mitred M & T J. Byrne 2013 10
  • 11. Keyed Mortice and Tenon J. Byrne 2013 11
  • 12. Craftsmanspace Free technical plans, books, patterns, software How to mark out a Key http://www.craftsmanspace.com/knowledge/keyed-mortise-and-tenon-joint.html J. Byrne 2013 12
  • 13. Corner Mitre Joints • The mitre joint usually cut at 45 degrees, on the ends of two pieces of wood, used on frames. Mitred bridle joint Can you name this bottom joint J. Byrne 2013 13
  • 14. Housing joints • Jointing across the width shelf to side. Can you draw a rebate housing & dovetail housing J. Byrne 2013 14
  • 15. Dovetails • The dovetail joint is one of the most distinctive and best antique furniture joints used in furniture construction to join wood at a right angle. • Recognised by the angled pieces that replicate doves’ tails. • They form a strong interlockable joint with a large gluing area. • Used for joining carcass ends and for creating drawers. • Wide variations available, used as features on high class furniture. J. Byrne 2013 15
  • 16. Carcase Joints Through Dovetail Double Lapped Dovetail Lapped Dovetail Secret Mitre Dovetail J. Byrne 2013 Finger Joint Through Pinned Joint 16
  • 17. Rule Joint This joint is used on drop leaf tables. The rule joint is jointed together using a rule joint hinge. The hinge has one leaf longer than the other why? Rule joint hinge. Image from woodworkersjournal.com J. Byrne 2013 17
  • 18. Knuckle Joint • Traditional moveable joint used on drop leaf tables J. Byrne 2013 18
  • 19. Trend 9/41 Knuckle Joint Cutter Note: Cutter should be used in router table J. Byrne 2013 19
  • 20. Quick Test • What have you learned so far? • See if you can correctly name each joint before progressing onto the next slide. J. Byrne 2013 20
  • 21. Can You Name these joints J. Byrne 2013 21
  • 22. Can You Name these joints A : Rubbed Glue Joint B : Tongue & Groove Joint C : Biscuit Joint D : Loose Tongue E : Dowel Joint Scarf Joints J. Byrne 2013 22
  • 23. Can You Name these joints J. Byrne 2012 23
  • 24. Can You Name these joints 1 Bridle joint 4 Mitred M & T 2 Barefaced M & T 5 High & Low Shoulder M&T 7 Haunched M & T 8 Corner Mitred J. joint Bridle Byrne 2012 3 Scribed M & T 6 Fox wedged M & T 9 Twin Tenon 24
  • 25. Can You Name these joints J. Byrne 2013 25
  • 26. Can You Name these joints Rule joint Projected wedged mortise & tenon Dovetail Key Tennoned & mitred clamped J. Byrne 2013 Knuckle joint Housing joint 26
  • 27. Can You Name these joints J. Byrne 2013 27
  • 28. Can You Name these joints Stopped Housing Stopped Dovetail Housing Dovetail Halving Machine Dovetails J. Byrne 2013 Hammer Head Tenon joint Bridle Joint 28
  • 29. Modern Jointing • Using machines and jigs. • Click link to bring you to video demonstration. J. Byrne 2013 29
  • 31. Dowels • Dowel are a fast way of jointing. • Holes need to be aligned accurately. • Different patterns are available that allow glue to spread. J. Byrne 2013 31
  • 32. Biscuits • Biscuits are a faster way of jointing, small allowance for accuracy. J. Byrne 2013 32
  • 33. Domino • Cross between a dowel and a biscuit you get a domino tennon. • Festool domino joiner J. Byrne 2013 33
  • 34. Beadlock Pro • Alternative to the mortice and tennon something similar to using a false tennon. • Using jig drill a series of holes to match width of bead. J. Byrne 2013 34
  • 35. JessEm Slip slot mortise mill This is based on false tenons. It is a jig and custom made drill bit that can be used in any handheld drill. • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_VtVGnxlBrc J. Byrne 2013 35