Australia Felix Permaculture is a family-owned international land planning and development enterprise based in Bendigo, Central Victoria, Australia. It has been involved in designing over 1200 properties across 5 continents since 1993, applying permaculture design principles. Darren Doherty is the principal designer and project manager. The company provides cost-effective permaculture-based regenerative property design, education, and consulting services worldwide to support sustainable land use. The document outlines permaculture ethics and design principles developed by Bill Mollison, which focus on caring for the earth, people, and returning surplus; observing and connecting elements; maximizing functions and redundancy of elements; efficient and biological energy use; small-scale intensive systems; acceler
The document summarizes a permaculture design course that will take place in October 2009. It discusses the key concepts and principles of permaculture, including observing natural patterns, functional relationships between elements, renewable resources, and producing no waste. The curriculum will cover conceptual overviews, observation and understanding patterns, climate, soils, water, earthworks, trees and plants, design methods, and strategies for different climates and implementation.
Permaculture is a design system based on ethics and design principles which can be used to establish, design, manage and improve holistic management of individuals, businesses, communities and social-ecological systems.
The document discusses the need for civilization to transition to a more sustainable model in order to address issues like climate change, environmental degradation, and social inequities. It outlines some of the challenges facing the current global system and proposes developing a set of core sustainable values oriented around environmental protection, social equity, and collaborative economics. These values would need to be integrated into disciplines and processes to help guide the transition to a more sustainable Civilization 2.0.
Rethinking Systems Thinking: Learning and coevolving with the worldDavid Ing
Abstract
Much of systems thinking, as commonly espoused today, was developed by a generation in the context of the 1960s to 1980s. Almost all of the luminaries of that era have passed on. In the 2010s, has system thinking changed with the world in which it is to be applied? Is systems thinking learning and coevolving with the world? Some contemporary systems thinkers continue to push the frontiers of theory, methods and practice. Others situationally increment the traditions of their preferred gurus, where approaches proven successful in prior experiences are replicated for new circumstances. Founded on interactions with a variety of systems communities over the past 15 years, three ways to rethink systems thinking are proposed:
1. Reorient systems thinking beyond “parts and wholes” towards “learning and coevolving”.
2. Learn where the service economy and the anthropocene are new, anticipating deutero and trito levels.
3. Coevolve the episteme, techne and phronesis across systems thinking, for both the living and non-living.
These proposed ways are neither exhaustive nor sufficient. The declaration that systems thinking should be rethought may itself be controversial. If, however, systems thinking is to be authentic, the theory, methods and practices with which we engage a changing world may require attention.
Citation
David Ing, "Rethinking Systems Thinking: Learning and coevolving with the world", (plenary address), 56th Annual Meeting of the International Society for the Systems Sciences, at San Jose State University, July 16, 2012.
Video available at http://media.isss.org/podcasts/systems-thinkers-at-large/20121126-david-ing-rethinking-1280x720 and http://media.isss.org/media/20121126-david-ing-rethinking-480
This document describes the development of the Allyn River Permaculture Farm located at 1099 Allyn River Road Allynbrook NSW 2311. It includes maps of the property, photographs documenting construction of water and soil management systems like dams, swales and ponds. Pictures also show the orchard, plantings, composting areas and zones on the property. The final pages invite members of Permaculture North to visit the farm on the weekend of December 8-9 and provides the address for the farm.
Dokumen ini membahas tentang karakteristik fisik tanah, termasuk kerapatan volume dan massa tanah, kelembaban tanah, porositas, aerasi, rasio ruang, tingkat kejenuhan, dan kapasitas tanah memegang air. Contoh perhitungan untuk menghitung berbagai karakteristik fisik tanah juga diberikan.
The document summarizes a permaculture design course that will take place in October 2009. It discusses the key concepts and principles of permaculture, including observing natural patterns, functional relationships between elements, renewable resources, and producing no waste. The curriculum will cover conceptual overviews, observation and understanding patterns, climate, soils, water, earthworks, trees and plants, design methods, and strategies for different climates and implementation.
Permaculture is a design system based on ethics and design principles which can be used to establish, design, manage and improve holistic management of individuals, businesses, communities and social-ecological systems.
The document discusses the need for civilization to transition to a more sustainable model in order to address issues like climate change, environmental degradation, and social inequities. It outlines some of the challenges facing the current global system and proposes developing a set of core sustainable values oriented around environmental protection, social equity, and collaborative economics. These values would need to be integrated into disciplines and processes to help guide the transition to a more sustainable Civilization 2.0.
Rethinking Systems Thinking: Learning and coevolving with the worldDavid Ing
Abstract
Much of systems thinking, as commonly espoused today, was developed by a generation in the context of the 1960s to 1980s. Almost all of the luminaries of that era have passed on. In the 2010s, has system thinking changed with the world in which it is to be applied? Is systems thinking learning and coevolving with the world? Some contemporary systems thinkers continue to push the frontiers of theory, methods and practice. Others situationally increment the traditions of their preferred gurus, where approaches proven successful in prior experiences are replicated for new circumstances. Founded on interactions with a variety of systems communities over the past 15 years, three ways to rethink systems thinking are proposed:
1. Reorient systems thinking beyond “parts and wholes” towards “learning and coevolving”.
2. Learn where the service economy and the anthropocene are new, anticipating deutero and trito levels.
3. Coevolve the episteme, techne and phronesis across systems thinking, for both the living and non-living.
These proposed ways are neither exhaustive nor sufficient. The declaration that systems thinking should be rethought may itself be controversial. If, however, systems thinking is to be authentic, the theory, methods and practices with which we engage a changing world may require attention.
Citation
David Ing, "Rethinking Systems Thinking: Learning and coevolving with the world", (plenary address), 56th Annual Meeting of the International Society for the Systems Sciences, at San Jose State University, July 16, 2012.
Video available at http://media.isss.org/podcasts/systems-thinkers-at-large/20121126-david-ing-rethinking-1280x720 and http://media.isss.org/media/20121126-david-ing-rethinking-480
This document describes the development of the Allyn River Permaculture Farm located at 1099 Allyn River Road Allynbrook NSW 2311. It includes maps of the property, photographs documenting construction of water and soil management systems like dams, swales and ponds. Pictures also show the orchard, plantings, composting areas and zones on the property. The final pages invite members of Permaculture North to visit the farm on the weekend of December 8-9 and provides the address for the farm.
Dokumen ini membahas tentang karakteristik fisik tanah, termasuk kerapatan volume dan massa tanah, kelembaban tanah, porositas, aerasi, rasio ruang, tingkat kejenuhan, dan kapasitas tanah memegang air. Contoh perhitungan untuk menghitung berbagai karakteristik fisik tanah juga diberikan.
The document describes a 35kW down-draft solid biomass gasifier that generates producer gas from wood chips. The gas is filtered and then used to power an internal combustion or diesel engine, which generates electricity. It also discusses the potential of geothermal energy, noting that worldwide geothermal power currently produces 8,900 megawatts but that with more research and development the potential could be over 72,000 megawatts, enough to power a mid-sized US state.
The document discusses the benefits of meditation for reducing stress and anxiety. Regular meditation practice can help calm the mind and body by lowering heart rate and blood pressure. Making meditation a part of a daily routine, even if just 10-15 minutes per day, can have mental and physical health benefits over time by reducing stress levels and promoting relaxation.
Permaculture design involves several key steps and processes:
1) Data collection including aerial photos, maps, soil/climate data, and site surveys.
2) Comprehensive site analysis using tools like a site analysis kit, GPS, camera and various field testing equipment.
3) Development of a designed report with cost estimates, approvals, and scheduling.
This document outlines the terms, evaluation components, and schedule for an Irrigation and Drainage course. It discusses attendance requirements, evaluation criteria including assignments, exams, and practicum worth varying percentages of the total grade. The course covers topics like irrigation system management, plant-water-soil relations, crop water requirement models, irrigation methods, and drainage principles. It is scheduled over two meetings with content like contracts, introductions, institutions, hydroponic systems, surface, drip, and sprinkler irrigation, and surface and subsurface drainage. References are provided.
Pengukuran jarak dapat dilakukan dengan kasar menggunakan skala peta atau langkah, atau secara teliti menggunakan alat ukur seperti rantai ukur, pita ukur, odometer, atau alat ukur jarak elektronik. Pengukuran jarak mencakup pengukuran jarak horizontal, vertikal, dan miring, dengan menggunakan alat ukur seperti waterpas atau teodolit. Faktor ketelitian pengukuran melip
1. Dokumen membahas penggolongan dan tingkat keparahan luka bakar berdasarkan sumber panas, luas permukaan tubuh yang terkena, serta penanganan awal luka bakar termal, kimia, dan listrik.
Dokumen tersebut membahas tentang trauma dan perdarahan, termasuk penyebab, jenis, tanda-tanda, dan penanganannya. Perdarahan dibedakan menjadi perdarahan luar dan dalam, dan dapat menyebabkan syok jika tidak ditangani dengan benar. Berbagai jenis luka dijelaskan beserta prinsip-prinsip dasar perawatannya.
Dokumen ini membahas tentang cedera sistem otot rangka, termasuk macam dan penyebab cedera, tanda dan gejalanya, jenis patah tulang, tujuan dan macam pembidaian, serta penanganan pertolongan pertama untuk cedera sistem otot rangka.
Dokumen tersebut membahas tentang penentuan arah dan sudut serta pengukuran luas. Secara singkat, dibahas tentang istilah-istilah sudut seperti azimuth, jurusan, bearing, sudut kanan/kiri, zenith, nadir, dan miring. Juga dibahas cara membuat sudut siku-siku menggunakan meteran dan alat sederhana. Terakhir, dibahas metode pengukuran luas secara geometris, grafis, dan mekanis.
Dokumen tersebut membahas beberapa metode irigasi permukaan, yaitu basin, border, dan furrow irrigation. Irigasi permukaan merupakan metode pemberian air yang paling kuno dimana air didistribusikan secara langsung ke permukaan tanah dan diperbolehkan meresap ke dalam tanah. Metode-metode tersebut memanfaatkan prinsip gravitasi untuk mendistribusikan air secara merata di lahan pertanian.
A subsurface drainage system consists of a surface or subsurface outlet connected to subsurface main drains and laterals to carry water away from fields. The system must be carefully planned, installed with high-quality materials, and maintained over time by clearing outlets and inlets of debris and removing tree roots within 50-100 feet of drains. Proper spacing and depth of drains is needed to lower the water table adequately after rainfall.
9761254 food-security-home scale-permacultureNgaire Taylor
The document discusses topics related to home-scale permaculture, including permaculture principles and designs, square-foot gardening, re-localization, food security, and biochar. Specifically, it defines permaculture as a design approach that maximizes beneficial relationships between components by integrating ecological and social considerations. It also describes techniques like square-foot gardening that can be implemented on a small scale. Relocalization and food security are discussed as goals of permaculture to build sustainable local food systems. Additionally, the document provides details on biochar and its soil-enhancing properties as a permaculture technique.
This document discusses topics related to food security, permaculture, organic farming, and re-localization. It provides information on permaculture principles and design elements like zones and guilds. Methods discussed include square foot gardening, permablitzes, and using biochar to improve soil quality and sequester carbon. The overall message is that permaculture offers sustainable small-scale food production that decreases food miles and reliance on industrial agriculture.
The group incorporated what they learned from the La’akea organic farm into their project. Such as pulling weeds, planting, and gardening. Later, they connected their project to the course themes of sustainability, communication, and culture.
My Summer at Lost Valley Educational Center
Lost Valley is a nonprofit educational center dedicated to sustainability education. Their two-month certificate program teaches students about permaculture design, sustainable living techniques, and ecovillage development. Students learned practical skills like natural building, gardening, and renewable energy systems. They also studied concepts like earth care, people care, and community building. The program culminated in group projects designing improvements to further establish Lost Valley as a model ecovillage.
This presentation addresses the topic of Biophilic Designs as it pertains to designing smart cities, smart communities, smart buildings, smart offices, and smart homes. It also offers several examples from all over the world.
The document discusses several principles related to permaculture and sustainable design. It begins by introducing 12 principles of permaculture related to observing and interacting with systems, catching and storing energy, obtaining a yield, applying self-regulation, using renewable resources, not producing waste, designing from patterns to details, integrating rather than segregating, using small and slow solutions, using and valuing diversity, using edges and marginal areas, and creatively responding to change. It then discusses additional principles including the three ethics of permaculture, principles from Mollison and Holmgren, and five design principles related to the five kingdoms of nature.
The document describes a 35kW down-draft solid biomass gasifier that generates producer gas from wood chips. The gas is filtered and then used to power an internal combustion or diesel engine, which generates electricity. It also discusses the potential of geothermal energy, noting that worldwide geothermal power currently produces 8,900 megawatts but that with more research and development the potential could be over 72,000 megawatts, enough to power a mid-sized US state.
The document discusses the benefits of meditation for reducing stress and anxiety. Regular meditation practice can help calm the mind and body by lowering heart rate and blood pressure. Making meditation a part of a daily routine, even if just 10-15 minutes per day, can have mental and physical health benefits over time by reducing stress levels and promoting relaxation.
Permaculture design involves several key steps and processes:
1) Data collection including aerial photos, maps, soil/climate data, and site surveys.
2) Comprehensive site analysis using tools like a site analysis kit, GPS, camera and various field testing equipment.
3) Development of a designed report with cost estimates, approvals, and scheduling.
This document outlines the terms, evaluation components, and schedule for an Irrigation and Drainage course. It discusses attendance requirements, evaluation criteria including assignments, exams, and practicum worth varying percentages of the total grade. The course covers topics like irrigation system management, plant-water-soil relations, crop water requirement models, irrigation methods, and drainage principles. It is scheduled over two meetings with content like contracts, introductions, institutions, hydroponic systems, surface, drip, and sprinkler irrigation, and surface and subsurface drainage. References are provided.
Pengukuran jarak dapat dilakukan dengan kasar menggunakan skala peta atau langkah, atau secara teliti menggunakan alat ukur seperti rantai ukur, pita ukur, odometer, atau alat ukur jarak elektronik. Pengukuran jarak mencakup pengukuran jarak horizontal, vertikal, dan miring, dengan menggunakan alat ukur seperti waterpas atau teodolit. Faktor ketelitian pengukuran melip
1. Dokumen membahas penggolongan dan tingkat keparahan luka bakar berdasarkan sumber panas, luas permukaan tubuh yang terkena, serta penanganan awal luka bakar termal, kimia, dan listrik.
Dokumen tersebut membahas tentang trauma dan perdarahan, termasuk penyebab, jenis, tanda-tanda, dan penanganannya. Perdarahan dibedakan menjadi perdarahan luar dan dalam, dan dapat menyebabkan syok jika tidak ditangani dengan benar. Berbagai jenis luka dijelaskan beserta prinsip-prinsip dasar perawatannya.
Dokumen ini membahas tentang cedera sistem otot rangka, termasuk macam dan penyebab cedera, tanda dan gejalanya, jenis patah tulang, tujuan dan macam pembidaian, serta penanganan pertolongan pertama untuk cedera sistem otot rangka.
Dokumen tersebut membahas tentang penentuan arah dan sudut serta pengukuran luas. Secara singkat, dibahas tentang istilah-istilah sudut seperti azimuth, jurusan, bearing, sudut kanan/kiri, zenith, nadir, dan miring. Juga dibahas cara membuat sudut siku-siku menggunakan meteran dan alat sederhana. Terakhir, dibahas metode pengukuran luas secara geometris, grafis, dan mekanis.
Dokumen tersebut membahas beberapa metode irigasi permukaan, yaitu basin, border, dan furrow irrigation. Irigasi permukaan merupakan metode pemberian air yang paling kuno dimana air didistribusikan secara langsung ke permukaan tanah dan diperbolehkan meresap ke dalam tanah. Metode-metode tersebut memanfaatkan prinsip gravitasi untuk mendistribusikan air secara merata di lahan pertanian.
A subsurface drainage system consists of a surface or subsurface outlet connected to subsurface main drains and laterals to carry water away from fields. The system must be carefully planned, installed with high-quality materials, and maintained over time by clearing outlets and inlets of debris and removing tree roots within 50-100 feet of drains. Proper spacing and depth of drains is needed to lower the water table adequately after rainfall.
9761254 food-security-home scale-permacultureNgaire Taylor
The document discusses topics related to home-scale permaculture, including permaculture principles and designs, square-foot gardening, re-localization, food security, and biochar. Specifically, it defines permaculture as a design approach that maximizes beneficial relationships between components by integrating ecological and social considerations. It also describes techniques like square-foot gardening that can be implemented on a small scale. Relocalization and food security are discussed as goals of permaculture to build sustainable local food systems. Additionally, the document provides details on biochar and its soil-enhancing properties as a permaculture technique.
This document discusses topics related to food security, permaculture, organic farming, and re-localization. It provides information on permaculture principles and design elements like zones and guilds. Methods discussed include square foot gardening, permablitzes, and using biochar to improve soil quality and sequester carbon. The overall message is that permaculture offers sustainable small-scale food production that decreases food miles and reliance on industrial agriculture.
The group incorporated what they learned from the La’akea organic farm into their project. Such as pulling weeds, planting, and gardening. Later, they connected their project to the course themes of sustainability, communication, and culture.
My Summer at Lost Valley Educational Center
Lost Valley is a nonprofit educational center dedicated to sustainability education. Their two-month certificate program teaches students about permaculture design, sustainable living techniques, and ecovillage development. Students learned practical skills like natural building, gardening, and renewable energy systems. They also studied concepts like earth care, people care, and community building. The program culminated in group projects designing improvements to further establish Lost Valley as a model ecovillage.
This presentation addresses the topic of Biophilic Designs as it pertains to designing smart cities, smart communities, smart buildings, smart offices, and smart homes. It also offers several examples from all over the world.
The document discusses several principles related to permaculture and sustainable design. It begins by introducing 12 principles of permaculture related to observing and interacting with systems, catching and storing energy, obtaining a yield, applying self-regulation, using renewable resources, not producing waste, designing from patterns to details, integrating rather than segregating, using small and slow solutions, using and valuing diversity, using edges and marginal areas, and creatively responding to change. It then discusses additional principles including the three ethics of permaculture, principles from Mollison and Holmgren, and five design principles related to the five kingdoms of nature.
The 12 principles of permaculture guide design for sustainable farms, homes, and communities. They include observing natural systems, catching and storing energy, and obtaining yields not just in material forms but also in relationships, joy, and feelings of accomplishment. The principles emphasize applying self-regulation and feedback, using renewable resources, producing no waste, designing from patterns to details, integrating systems, using small slow solutions, valuing diversity, using edges, and creatively responding to change.
Resilience Design Toolkit. 50 Ingredients for Sustainable Business Model Inno...Sebastiaan de Neubourg
The Resilience Design Toolkit is a tool for change makers.
The toolkit offers a straightforward way to integrate key sustainability principles within the core business of a company, creating a more resilient and circular economy. The tool combines resilience thinking and biomimicry and is built on basis of the Business Model Canvas.
The tool is freely available under a creative commons license.
Interior Plants for Sustainable Facility Management and Workplace ProductivityElisaMendelsohn
This document summarizes a presentation given by Margaret Burchett on using indoor plants to create sustainable and productive work environments. The presentation discusses how humans have evolved to rely on plants for needs like food, oxygen, and stress relief. While cities provide benefits, they can also reduce contact with nature and harm environmental quality indoors. Research shows indoor plants can clean the air by absorbing pollutants, and exposure to nature aids well-being and productivity. The presentation argues indoor plants are a low-cost way to improve indoor environments and support sustainable communities by creating a healthy "facility ecology".
Permaculture is a design system that mimics patterns found in nature. It is based on three ethics of earth care, people care, and fair share. The document outlines 30 design principles, such as observing and interacting, catching and storing energy, obtaining yields, applying self-regulation and feedback, using renewable resources and services, and producing no waste. These principles guide the creative design of sustainable human habitats, agriculture, technology, economics and more.
- Hara Jeevan is a non-profit organization based in Delhi that is striving to tackle environmental problems through innovative solutions such as planting over 10,000 trees and processing waste.
- The organization's ambitious plans include planting and sustaining 100 million trees by 2040 and managing as much as 50% of Delhi's waste by 2025 while also spreading environmental awareness among youth.
- Hara Jeevan utilizes various methods for composting and processing biodegradable waste as well as creating and spreading seed balls to germinate plants in a convenient way.
This document introduces permaculture, which involves designing sustainable human settlements and agricultural systems modeled from natural ecosystems. It discusses the core principles of permaculture design, which include placing elements in their relative locations for mutual benefit, designing systems with multiple functions and elements, efficiently planning for energy needs, using biological resources, cycling energy and materials, creating intensive small-scale systems, accelerating ecological succession, maintaining diversity, utilizing edge effects, and adopting supportive attitudes. The overall goal of permaculture is to meet human needs for food, shelter, and community in sustainable ways that care for the earth and people.
This document provides an introduction to sustainable farming. It defines sustainability as meeting present needs without compromising future generations' ability to meet their own needs. Sustainable agriculture aims to mimic natural ecosystems by promoting environmental stewardship, profitable farms and farm families, and overall farm stability. It discusses reducing inputs, strengthening communities, and cycling nutrients. The document also covers types of sustainable farming practices, environmental, social and economic sustainability, and applying principles like soil fertility management and tillage.
Community Gardening Success Factors: Growing Vibrant And Viable Community Gar...GeoAnitia
The document provides guidance on establishing and maintaining successful community gardens. It discusses 9 key factors (the 9Ps) to focus on: plants, people, planning, process, partnerships, place, physical maintenance, patience, and pleasure. Engaging the community and developing a shared vision through planning processes are important to create a vibrant garden that meets community needs and interests. Inducting new members properly and maintaining the garden are also essential.
This document discusses the need to transition to more sustainable and regenerative systems of living and economies. It provides examples of existing ecovillages and sustainable communities from around the world. The document advocates designing systems using principles from permaculture, natural capitalism, and the blue economy to meet human needs while regenerating the environment.
Philanthropedia’s mission is to improve nonprofit effectiveness by directing money to and facilitating discussion about expert recommended high-impact nonprofits.
Permaculture is a design approach for sustainable living that incorporates agricultural and community design principles modeled after natural ecosystems. It aims to create self-sufficient systems where all aspects benefit and support one another. Key principles include observing natural systems, stacking elements to maximize space and yields, using diverse and multifunctional elements, and designing relative to energy flows and needs. The goal is for human systems to integrate harmoniously within the local environment.
The document discusses the concepts of sound science, sustainability, and stewardship. It provides definitions and explanations for each concept:
1. Sound science refers to scientific research and data that follows rigorous methodology and peer review standards to produce reliable and verifiable results, though different people can interpret "sound science" differently depending on their viewpoint.
2. Sustainability has three pillars - economic, social, and environmental. It involves meeting current needs without compromising the future by maintaining balanced and responsible use of resources.
3. Stewardship is the ethical responsibility to manage resources and the environment carefully as caretakers for future generations, with a duty to respect and protect nature rather than exploit it for selfish gains.
Answer to review quesion of environmental sciencesemsithol
1. The document contains review questions about environmental ethics.
2. Industries pollute to cut costs and increase profits. Proper waste disposal and energy consumption can be expensive for companies.
3. Normal economic forces were historically against pollution control because it would reduce corporate profits. However, attitudes are changing as regulations require companies to consider environmental impacts.
4. A totally unpolluted environment is unrealistic since manufacturing waste is inevitable, but efforts should be made to minimize pollution and find new uses for residues.
The document discusses the concept of permaculture, its origins, definition, characteristics, aims, importance, and application in design. Some key points:
- Permaculture was developed in Australia in the 1970s as a way to mimic natural ecosystems and create sustainable human settlements. It focuses on observing nature's patterns and replicating beneficial relationships.
- It aims to harmoniously integrate humans and nature to increase land productivity while maintaining ecological balance. Permaculture encourages self-reliance through integrated systems that meet human needs.
- Application of permaculture principles can help make human systems and settlements more sustainable by considering environmental, economic and social objectives in design. It provides an approach to meeting needs without compromising
Dokumen tersebut membahas tentang sistem jaringan irigasi dan bangunan yang terkait, meliputi empat tingkatan petak irigasi (primer, sekunder, tersier, kuarter), jenis-jenis saluran irigasi dan pembuangan, serta berbagai bangunan pendukung seperti bendung, bangunan bagi, sadap, dan lainnya beserta fungsinya.
Dokumen tersebut membahas tentang Incident Command System (ICS) dan sistem tanggap darurat medis untuk penanganan korban banyak. ICS memiliki komponen komando, operasi, logistik, perencanaan, dan keuangan, sementara sistem tanggap darurat medis memiliki sektor pos pengendali, ekstrikasi, perawatan, transportasi, staging, pendukung, dan triage."
Cedera sistem otot rangka dapat berupa patah tulang, urai sendi, terkilir otot atau sendi. Pertolongan pertamanya meliputi penilaian awal, menstabilkan bagian yang terluka, membersihkan luka, membidai untuk mencegah gerakan berlebihan, dan merujuk korban ke fasilitas kesehatan.
Cedera jaringan lunak dapat berupa luka terbuka atau tertutup. Luka terbuka terjadi ketika kulit atau jaringan putus, sementara luka tertutup terjadi tanpa putusnya kulit. Luka dikelompokkan menjadi lecet, sayat, robek, tusuk, sobek, dan amputasi. Perawatan luka meliputi membersihkan, menghentikan perdarahan, mencegah infeksi, dan rujukan ke fasilitas kesehatan.
The document provides guidelines for designing buildings in humid tropical climates. It recommends placing windows on opposite walls to promote cross ventilation while discouraging direct lines of sight between windows. Casement windows can redirect wind if needed. Shuttered windows allow for shade. East and west facing windows should be minimized to reduce solar heat gain. Louvered windows maximize ventilation while providing weather protection. Roof ventilation reduces heat buildup. A long, narrow floor plan oriented east-west minimizes heat gain. Open floor plans with high ceilings promote air movement. Walls perpendicular to airflow should be minimized. Elevating the house improves ventilation below. Verandas provide shade. Roofs with reflective coatings allow for rapid nighttime cooling.
When selecting a farm property, carefully consider several key factors:
- The location should have good weather, drainage, and proximity to labor, towns, transportation, and markets. Farms that often change owners should be avoided.
- Buildings and infrastructure like presses, vats, and equipment should be adequate but not excessive. The property layout should minimize waste and input needs.
- An ideal farm would have varied terrain and be around 100 hectares, with vineyards, irrigated gardens, orchards, fields, and woods providing diversity of production.
This document lists locations and dates related to permaculture projects. Many of the locations listed are in Australia such as Strathfieldsaye, Rochester, Apollo Bay, Junortoun, Maleny, Mt Egerton, Harcourt, Albury, Nullavale, Birdwood, Glenaroua, Bridgewater, Bendigo, Tyalgum, Moriac, Wehla, and Long Gully. International locations mentioned include Vietnam, the Philippines, Belthorpe in the UK, Bega in New Zealand, and Jordan. Years range from 1993 to 2007.
Understanding soil requires understanding life, as soil cannot be understood through chemistry alone. As living beings concerned with sustaining life, we must consider the living aspects of soil and crops, not just the dead chemistry, if we want to continue living.
Scientists from various fields study patterns found in nature. Astronomers model patterns in spiral galaxies. Physicists examine atomic movements. Biologists research random growth patterns. Meteorologists analyze climate patterns in the atmosphere. Geologists investigate patterns in the Earth. Agriculturists study patterns relevant to their field. The document also lists various types of patterns like waves, cloud forms, lobes, streamlines, branches, scatters, nets, tessellation, and spirals that occur across different domains of science.
GFW Office Hours: How to Use Planet Imagery on Global Forest Watch_June 11, 2024Global Forest Watch
Earlier this year, we hosted a webinar on Deforestation Exposed: Using High Resolution Satellite Imagery to Investigate Forest Clearing.
If you missed this webinar or have any questions about Norway’s International Climate & Forests Initiative (NICFI) Satellite Data Program and Planet’s high-resolution mosaics, please join our expert-led office hours for an overview of how to use Planet’s satellite imagery on GFW, including how to access and analyze the data.
Monitor indicators of genetic diversity from space using Earth Observation dataSpatial Genetics
Genetic diversity within and among populations is essential for species persistence. While targets and indicators for genetic diversity are captured in the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework, assessing genetic diversity across many species at national and regional scales remains challenging. Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) need accessible tools for reliable and efficient monitoring at relevant scales. Here, we describe how Earth Observation satellites (EO) make essential contributions to enable, accelerate, and improve genetic diversity monitoring and preservation. Specifically, we introduce a workflow integrating EO into existing genetic diversity monitoring strategies and present a set of examples where EO data is or can be integrated to improve assessment, monitoring, and conservation. We describe how available EO data can be integrated in innovative ways to support calculation of the genetic diversity indicators of the GBF monitoring framework and to inform management and monitoring decisions, especially in areas with limited research infrastructure or access. We also describe novel, integrative approaches to improve the indicators that can be implemented with the coming generation of EO data, and new capabilities that will provide unprecedented detail to characterize the changes to Earth’s surface and their implications for biodiversity, on a global scale.
Exploring low emissions development opportunities in food systemsCIFOR-ICRAF
Presented by Christopher Martius (CIFOR-ICRAF) at "Side event 60th sessions of the UNFCCC Subsidiary Bodies - Sustainable Bites: Innovating Low Emission Food Systems One Country at a Time" on 13 June 2024
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1 ethics principles
1. AUSTRALIA FELIX PERMACULTUREAUSTRALIA FELIX PERMACULTURE
permaculture.bizpermaculture.biz
All Your Land Needs®All Your Land Needs®
PERMACULTURE DESIGNPERMACULTURE DESIGN
Integrated Design Applications for HumanIntegrated Design Applications for Human
Landscape Development & ManagementLandscape Development & Management
withwith
Darren J. Doherty, Permaculture DesignerDarren J. Doherty, Permaculture Designer
@ Oberlin College, OH, USA, 2007@ Oberlin College, OH, USA, 2007
2. Australia Felix Permaculture is a family-owned international land-planning &Australia Felix Permaculture is a family-owned international land-planning &
development enterprise based in Bendigo, Central Victoria, Australia. It isdevelopment enterprise based in Bendigo, Central Victoria, Australia. It is
owned & operated by Darren J. Doherty & Lisa Heenan. Darren Doherty is theowned & operated by Darren J. Doherty & Lisa Heenan. Darren Doherty is the
Principle Designer & Project Manager of Australia Felix Permaculture.Principle Designer & Project Manager of Australia Felix Permaculture.
Since 1993 we have been involved on 5 continents with the design &Since 1993 we have been involved on 5 continents with the design &
development of over 1200 properties including everything from apartmentdevelopment of over 1200 properties including everything from apartment
balconies to 110 000 acre ranches to multinational R&D projects all applyingbalconies to 110 000 acre ranches to multinational R&D projects all applying
the ethics & principles of Permaculture Design.the ethics & principles of Permaculture Design.
Our purpose has always been to raise the profile of permaculture design to theOur purpose has always been to raise the profile of permaculture design to the
point where it becomes an unconscious practice as opposed to a marginalpoint where it becomes an unconscious practice as opposed to a marginal
methodology.methodology.
““We are doing this for Life”We are doing this for Life”
In business we deliver cost effective best practice permaculture-basedIn business we deliver cost effective best practice permaculture-based
regenerative property design, education, and consulting services to people,regenerative property design, education, and consulting services to people,
businesses, corporations, governments & communities around the worldbusinesses, corporations, governments & communities around the world
including:including:
Darren J. DohertyDarren J. Doherty
1967 -1967 -
Lisa HeenanLisa Heenan
1966 -1966 -
Australia Felix Permaculture – Who We Are….Australia Felix Permaculture – Who We Are….
3. Our Part of the WorldOur Part of the World
Bendigo,Victoria,Bendigo,Victoria,
37.2°S, 28°-125°F,37.2°S, 28°-125°F,
8-18” precipitation,8-18” precipitation,
30-60 frosts/year,30-60 frosts/year,
1800+ day degrees1800+ day degrees
4. Family Farm – 1853-2002, Mixed Farm – Sheep (Merino), Beef (Angus), Cereals, Grain Legumes,Family Farm – 1853-2002, Mixed Farm – Sheep (Merino), Beef (Angus), Cereals, Grain Legumes,
Fodder, Forestry – all irrigated by Keyline System since 1950’sFodder, Forestry – all irrigated by Keyline System since 1950’s
My 1My 1stst
Pond - 1981Pond - 1981
5. Australia Felix Permaculture – World Teaching/Consulting/Study Tour 2007/8Australia Felix Permaculture – World Teaching/Consulting/Study Tour 2007/8
World Tour Purpose:World Tour Purpose:
1. To consult with the landscapes & communities of the world1. To consult with the landscapes & communities of the world
2. To facilitate an increase in the awareness, knowledge & practice of2. To facilitate an increase in the awareness, knowledge & practice of
Broadacre Permaculture Design within traditional Agricultural communities &Broadacre Permaculture Design within traditional Agricultural communities &
Permaculture itselfPermaculture itself
3. To inform people of the most cost effective and efficient means of3. To inform people of the most cost effective and efficient means of
sequestering atmospheric CO2 thru Carbon Farmingsequestering atmospheric CO2 thru Carbon Farming
6. PERMACULTURE
“……What permaculturalists are doing is the
most important activity that any group is
doing on the planet…….”
Dr. David Suzuki
Permaculture (permanent agriculture or
permanent culture) is the conscious design
& maintenance of agriculturally productive
systems. Sustainable human settlement
design is its prime focus, where the concept
strings the disciplines into a web of
appropriate & productive development.
Originally developed as a methodology in the
early 1970’s it is now practiced and applied
in nearly every country, and works to
sustainably promote low energy and solid
state food and resource security.
Darren J. Doherty
7. Permaculture Ethics
Perma To persist throughout - Latin
Culture Those activities that support humanity
Permaculture A persistent conscious approach to
support humanity
Ethics Enlightened self-interest - looking after
yourself and the interests of others
‘…is a limitation on freedom of action in
the struggle for existance…’
Aldo Leopold, The Land Ethic, 1949
8. ETHICS OF PERMACULTURE
CARE OF THE EARTH
The primary ethic
The earth is the primary
client
CARE OF THE PEOPLE (CARE
OF OURSELVES)
If we can provide for our
own basic needs, then we
can care for the earth
RETURN OF SURPLUS -
CONTRIBUTE TIME, MONEY &
ENERGY TO ACHIEVE ETHICS
1&2.
And setting limits to
population and consumption
9.
10.
11. mollisonian permaculture principles
The following principles of design where developed by Bill
Mollison and are intended to be universally applicable,
while practices may vary from place to place.
12. Principles
Let us look at the sets of principles that govern these systems.
These principles, rules and directives are based on the
study of natural systems. Axioms are established principles or
self-evident truths. A principle is a basic truth, a rule of conduct,
a way to proceed. A law is a statement of fact backed up by a
set of hypotheses which have proved to be correct or tenable.
Theses and hypotheses are ideas offered up for proof or
discussion. There are also rules and laws laid down which are
neither rules or laws. They do not pay much attention to defining
how they got there. Now I have evolved a set of directives which
say: "Here is a good way to proceed." It doesn't have anything
to do with laws or rules, just principles.
Bill Mollison 1981
13. RELATIVE LOCATION...
Efficient function is achieved by careful
placement of elements in relation to
each other.
Observe. Use protracted and thoughtful
observation rather than prolonged and
thoughtless action. Observe the site and its
elements in all seasons. Design for specific sites,
clients, and climates.
Bill Mollison
Connect. Use relative location: Place elements in
ways that create useful relationships and time-
saving connections among all parts. The number of
connections among elements creates a healthy,
diverse ecosystem, not the number of elements.
Toby Hemenway
14. EACH ELEMENT PERFORMS MANY FUNCTIONS...
Elements are chosen and placed to perform as
many functions as possible.
Each element performs multiple functions.
Choose and place each element in a system to
perform as many functions as possible.
Increasing beneficial connections between
diverse components creates a stable whole. Stack
elements in both space and time.
Toby Hemenway
15. EACH IMPORTANT FUNCTION IS SUPPORTED BY
MANY ELEMENTS...
Important basic functions (such as water
supply, fire protection and energy) are
provided in more than one way
Each function is supported by multiple
elements. Use multiple methods to achieve
important functions and to create synergies.
Redundancy protects when one or more
elements fail.
Toby Hemenway
16. ENERGY EFFICIENT PLANNING...
Energy efficiency is achieved through zoning
(to conserve human energy), sector planning
(to manage wild energies), slope planning (to
utilise gravity) and by making the least
change for the greatest possible effect.
Make the least change for the greatest effect.
Find the “leverage points” in the system and
intervene there, where the least work
accomplishes the most change.
Toby Hemenway
17. USING BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES...
Use biological resources (5 Kingdoms of
Nature) wherever possible to save energy
and do the work of the site.
18. ENERGY CYCLING...
Nutrients and energies are stored, used close to their source
and used repeatedly to avoid wastage before flowing off-site
or to sinks.
Catch and store energy and materials. Identify,
collect, and hold the useful flows moving through
the site. By saving and re-investing resources, we
maintain the system and capture still more
resources.
Recycle energy. Supply local and on-site needs
with energy from the system, and reuse this
energy as many times as possible. Every cycle is
an opportunity for yield.
Toby Hemenway
19. SMALL SCALE INTENSIVE SYSTEMS...
Good design makes maximum use of
minimal land; using productive human
labour, hand tools and animals, rather
than large machines and fossil fuels;
and is multi-dimensional - utilising
vertical space (plant stacking &
trellising) and overlapping successional
crops (time stacking).
Use small scale, intensive systems. Start at
your doorstep with the smallest systems
that will do the job, and build on your
successes, with variations. Grow by
chunking.
Toby Hemenway
20. Accelerate succession. Mature ecosystems are
more diverse and productive than young ones,
so use design to jump-start succession.
Toby Hemenway
ACCELERATING SUCCESSION & EVOLUTION.
Mature ecosystems are more diverse and
productive than young ones, so use design to
jump-start succession.
21. DIVERSITY...
Diversity increases productivity and stability,
with polycultures, not monocultures; orderliness
rather than tidiness; and guilds of elements that
work harmoniously together.
Use biological and renewable resources.
Renewable resources (usually plants and animals)
reproduce and build up over time, store energy,
assist yield, and interact with other elements.
22. EDGE EFFECTS...
Extending and exaggerating the boundaries
between adjoining systems provides additional
contributions from the resources of both
systems, increasing productivity.
Use the edge effect. The edge—the intersection
of two environments—is the most diverse place
in a system, and is where energies and materials
accumulate. Optimize the amount of edge.
Toby Hemenway
23. ATTITUDE…
Positivism is what drives Permaculture and the
relationships that we develop as people working
together toward our collective future.
Mistakes are tools for learning. Evaluate your
trials. Making mistakes is a sign you’re trying to
do things better.
Toby Hemenway
24. EVERYTHING WORKS BOTH WAYS...
Good design turns disadvantages into
advantages; sees solutions not problems.
Turn problems into solutions. Constraints can
inspire creative design. “We are surrounded by
insurmountable opportunities.”— Bill Mollison
25. YIELDS ARE LIMITED ONLY BY INFORMATION
AND IMAGINATION...
Permaculture uses creative design, rather than
energy or capital, to increase productivity.
Get a yield. Design for both immediate and long-
term returns from your efforts: “You can’t work on
an empty stomach.” Set up positive feedback loops
to build the system and repay your investment.
Toby Hemenway
Abundance is unlimited. The designer’s imagination and
skill is a bigger limit to yield than any physical limit.
Toby Hemenway
36. USE SMALL AND SLOW SOLUTIONS
The bigger they are, the harder they fall.
Slow and steady wins the race.
37. USE AND VALUE DIVERSITY
Don’t put all your eggs in one basket.
38. USE EDGES AND VALUE THE MARGINAL
Don’t think you are on the right track just because it
is a well-beaten path
39. CREATIVELY USE AND RESPOND TO CHANGE
Vision is not seeing things as they are but as they will be
40. Five Kingdoms of Nature
The concept of the 5 Kingdoms of Nature is inspired by the work of Prof. Dr. Lynn Margulis in her
milestone reference work "The 5 Kingdoms of Nature."
Bacteria
This symbol shows bacteria, or monera for the scientists. It are many creatures
living intensively together taking care of all possible niches. All bacterial are
characterized by the lack of a nucleus.
Algae
The protoctista, as the scientists like to call this domain, is a mix of slime moulds
and algae. We have over-simplified this and call these species algae, knowing
that scientifically it is not 100% correct. These are the first ones to have a
nucleus.
Fungi
The fungi include moulds and mushrooms and have a rich biodiversity that is
largely unknown. We do not even know in about 95% of the cases how to
distinguish a male from a female.
Plants
Plants are the most recent arrival on Earth. There are millions unknown, but their
beauty has inspired poetry and they know how to procreate in cooperation with
animals.
Animals
Animals, yes the largest number of species are the worms. We are most likely
descendents of worms, and not of the chimpanzee. It is not a pleasant thought,
but it is a recent discovery. Actually, if we have to believe the scientific
hypothesesof Lynn Margulis, then we are descendents of bacteria, or better
stated, descendentsof symbiosis of bacteria! After all about 10% of our body
weight are still bacteria.
41. ZERI (Zero Emissions Research Institute) Five Design Principles
There are five kingdoms of nature: bacteria, algae, fungi, plants and
animals - and for billions of years these five kingdoms have worked
together to be a highly productive and adaptive system. Along with the five
kingdoms, there are five key design principles that each kingdom (except
man!) generally adheres to:
•Whatever is waste for one is a nutrient or food for another species
belonging to another kingdom;
•What is a toxin for one organism, is a nutrient or neutral for another
belonging to another kingdom;
•Whenever highly complex ecosystems operate, viruses to remain inactive
and even disappear without causing harm passing through at least 2 other
kingdoms;
•The more local, the more diverse a system, the more productive, the more
resilient; and,
•Whenever species of 5 different kingdoms live and interact in an
autopoetic system, they can integrate and separate all matter at ambient
temperature and pressure.
42. 1. Whatever is Waste for One is a Nutrient or Food for
Another Species Belonging to Another Kingdom
If one species is fed its own waste, it will degenerate.
When cattle farmers started to feed cows with waste from other cows
they violated this principal - and it led to the mad cow disease outbreak.
Shrimp farmers made the same mistake when they started to feed
shrimp with their own waste - which led to white shrimp virus.
A lion will eat an antelope, but never ever will he consider the manure of
the antelope. There are exceptions which confirm the rule, a dog may be
spotted eating occasionally its own waste, though this is a matter of
strengthening its immune system, challenging it so once in a while. If an
animal were only eating its own waste, and behave as a cannibal, it
would never survive.
Industry and society should apply the same logic. Waste from one
industry should not be forced back into the same system searching for a
"closed loop". This will increase cost, jeopardize quality and hardly ever
generate the best possible value. Industries should cluster together,
cascade their waste streams and generate more income, more jobs,
thus increasing productivity while eliminating waste.
43. 2. Whatever is a Toxin for One, is a Nutrient or Neutral for at
Least One Species Belonging to Another Kingdom
If a species eliminates toxins within its own system, it will degenerate.
As human's we tend to classify things that are toxic only from a human point
of view. We assume that anything that is toxic for humans must also be
toxic for every other species in every kingdom. Cyanide, is a well known
toxin for animals, but several plant species produce it and use it effectively
as a defence against predators. Apples are rich in cyanide, and so are
peaches, though none have to be labeled "dangerous - cyanide inside."
The elimination of toxins by passing through the other kingdoms does not
mean you have to die first. If you (member of the animal kingdom) are ill,
then balance your system with the presence of algae, fungi, plants and
bacteria. The illness that affects you, will dissapate in the wake of
abundance from nutrients and anti-bodies provided by spirulina algae, reishi
mushrooms, acidophylus, bifidus, garlic and avocados.
44. 3. Whenever there is a Virus, It Will be Eliminated Passing
Through at Least Two Other Kingdoms
If we reduce the number of species, and recycle nutrients and energy within
a kingdom, when viruses will thrive and the system will degenerate.
Viruses are species and kingdom specific. A virus that can attack a plant
cannot attack an animal. This is the reason why the constant cycling of
nutrients and energy from one species to the other is making life for
viruses impossible. This is why viruses are made life impossible since the
environment of one species evolves into a new species belonging to
another kingdom. But there are exceptions. Several species are a
symbiosis. Human beings are 10% bacteria, and therefore a virus that lives
in one, could also live in another kingdom. Lichens are a symbiosis of
mushrooms and algae, and therefore viruses could navigate within the two
kingdoms. That is why the cycling through all five kingdoms is that
important since no virus is known to survive in three different species
belonging to three different kingdoms.
45. 4. Systems are More Efficient and More Resilient the More
Diverse and the More Local They Are Operating
If non-native species are forced to become part of the local ecosystem, it
will degenerate.
Plants and trees, in co-existance and in co-evolution with species belonging to the
other four kingdoms will create the best, most effective system from within the
boundaries of its own micro system. The more variety, the more fun. No one on
earth has ever witnessed a situation in which a group of plants and trees in a
temperate climate feel the need to bring over some fungi from the tropics. This
does not mean that there is no cross-over as migratory birds demonstrate. Though
the core of production of consumption, regeneration of left-overs of one, as a food
and value for another, is local. Transportation is kept to the absolute minimum.
In our global economy we want everything from everywhere at any place and time.
This leads to a massive transportation system which contaminates our environment
and causes massive introduction of non-native species. At the core are only a few
local species left, which evolved together over millions of years. We have increased
the fragility of our own system because if a few of the remaining links break, the
whole system could collapse. The more local the activities, the stronger they are -
and there will be much more flexibility as diversity increases. A system that is local
will be more efficient and resilient.
46. 5. Whenever Species of Five Different Kingdoms Live and Interact,
It Is Possible to Integrate and Separate All Matter at Ambient
Temperature and Pressure
When matter is integrated or separated without involvement of all kingdoms,
then the process will cause entropy beyond the energy provided for by the sun.
A spider makes its fiber at ambient temperature and pressure, from diverse raw
materials. The moment tension is removed from the web, it starts disintegrating. No
spider applies the closed loop concept, and tries to eat its own web in order to increase
its production. Though the spider succeeds in this endeavor through a tightly knit
cooperation with the other kingdoms.
Industry has arranged for an intensive supply chain management, which requires precise
and uniform raw materials which are converted at high temperature and pressure,
causing a massive amount of entropy. Whenever matter and energy is solely produced by
and consumed for the benefit of only one species (core business), then it will remain
highly wasteful and can only achieve its goals causing noise, nuisance, waste and a
deteriorating environment.
If industry were to emulate the "all inclusive approach" by nature, which will continuously
search for the participation of as many representatives of the 5 Kingdoms as possible,
then we would be able to respond to the basic needs of all with the energy supplied by
the sun. And, if for some reason, one species would be missing and as such waste (and
entropy) would be generated, the ecosystem will spontaneously create a new species
through symbiosis.