through this ppt you will get know the economic importance of algae ALGAE characters , importance as food, antibiotics, medicines ,fertilizer, agar agar

1. ALGAE FUNGI AND BRYOPHYTA
TOPIC :- ALGAE, FUNGI, BRYOPHYTA
ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE OF ALGAE.
Submitted to :- Submitted by :-
Bharti ma’m Anina P Varghese

2. Algae
• Algae are simple, non-flowering, and typically
aquatic plant of a large group that includes the
seaweeds and many single-celled forms.
• Algae contain chlorophyll but lack true stems,
roots, leaves, and vascular tissue.
• Algae are photoautotrophic that can prepare
their own food and they produce oxygen during
photosynthesis..

3. ALGAE PRIMARY PRODUCERS
• Most algae possess chlorophyll A.
• As primary producers, they use the sunlight energy
to convert inorganic substances into simple organic
compounds, and, provide the principal basis of food
webs on the Earth. Furthermore, they produce
oxygen that is essential for heterotrophic
organisms.
• They are useful in decreaseing water pollution.

4. ALGAE AS FOOD
• Due to their rich chemical composition and content of bioactive
substances they have been used in many fields of industry.
• Their gelling, thickening and stabilizing properties have led to the
development of such products as agar, alginate and carrageenan.
• Algae are used in the food industry as food supplements and an
addition to functional food.
• Algae are also added to meat products, such as pasty, steaks,
frankfurters and sausages, as well as to fish, fish products, and
oils, to improve their quality.
• Due to their properties algae may also be used for construction
of fermented functional food.

5. ALGAE SOURCE OF IODINE
• The brown algae also called kelp produces iodine
which can be used in various economically important
productions.
• Iodine is an important biologically essential element.
It is a major constituent of thyroid hormones. A
brown algae species or Phaeophyceae also called kelp
is cultivated for iodine.

6. ALGAE AS ANTIBIOTICS
• Both macroalgae (seaweeds) and microalgae
(diatoms) contain pharmacologically active
compounds such as phlorotannins, fatty acids,
polysaccharides, peptides, and terpenes which
combat bacterial invasion. The resistance of
pathogenic bacteria to existing antibiotics has
become a global epidemic.

7. ALGAE AS MEDICINE
• Algae is used as one of important medical
source due to its antioxidant, anticancer,
antiviral properties.
• Therapeutic properties of algae is used for
promotion of health .
• Edible algae is recognized as complete foods
which provides correct balance of proteins,
carbohydrates ,vitamins ,and minerals.

8. ALGAE IN SEWAGE DISPOSAL
•Algae can be used in wastewater treatment for a
range of purposes, some of which are used for the
removal of coliform bacteria, reduction of both
chemical and biochemical oxygen demand, removal
of N and/or P, and also for the removal of heavy
metals.

9. Algae in sewage disposal

10. ALGAE AS FERTILIZER
• Blue green algae belonging to a general cyanobacteria
genus, Nostoc or Anabaena or Tolypothrix or
Aulosira, fix atmospheric nitrogen and are used as
inoculations for paddy crop grown both under upland
and low-land conditions.
• The mixture of seaweeds and blue green algae may
serve as ideal fertilizer.
• Chara is used to overcome calcium deficency in field.

11. ALGAE AS AGAR AGAR
• Agar, also called agar-agar, gelatin-like product made
primarily from the red algae Gelidium and Gracilaria (division
Rhodophyta).
• Agar is isolated from the algae as an amorphous and
translucent product sold as powder, flakes, or bricks.
• It is used in preparation of desserts and other cooking .it is
also used to thicking of soup.
• By using agar , microorganisum can be cultured.

13. ALGAE IN NITROGEN FIXATION
• Algae play an important role in nitrogen fixation.
• Nitrogen fixation is done by symbiotic blue-green
algae.
• Algal cells have specific cells called heterocyst and
are the site of nitrogen fixation.
• Nitrogen-fixing blue-green algae have been
assessed for use as green manure in rice fields.

14. ALGAE AS BIOFUEL
• Algal biomass contains three main components:-
Carbohydrates
Proteins
Lipids/natural oils
• Because the bulk of the natural oil made by microalgae is in the
form of tricylglycerol which is the right kind of oil for
producing biodiesel, microalgae are the exclusive focus in the
algae-to-biodiesel arena.

15. • Microalgae can also be used to generate energy in several
other ways.
• Some algal species can produce hydrogen gas under
specialized growth conditions.
• The biomass from algae can also be burned similar to
wood or anaerobically digested to produce methane biogas
to generate heat and electricity.
• Algal biomass can also be treated by pyrolysis to generate
crude bio-oil.

16. ALGAL BLOOM
• An algal bloom is a rapid increase or accumulation in the population
of algae in freshwater.
• An algal bloom affects the whole ecosystem.
• Consequences range from the benign feeding of higher trophic levels
to more harmful effects like blocking sunlight from reaching other
organisms, causing a depletion of oxygen levels in the water, and,
depending on the organism, secreting toxins into the water.

17. • The process of the oversupply
of nutrients leading to algae
growth and oxygen depletion
is called eutrophication.
• Blooms that can injure animals
or the ecology are called
"harmful algal blooms" (HAB),
and can lead to fish die-offs,
cities cutting off water to
residents, ter or marine water
systems.

18. Thankyou