Este documento presenta una lista de 38 estudiantes en el grupo 2o B de la asignatura de Formación Cívica y Ética en la Escuela Secundaria Diurna No. 135 en la Unión de Repúblicas Socialistas Soviéticas. Incluye el nombre completo de cada estudiante y su calificación numérica.
The document discusses the present simple tense in English. It covers the affirmative, interrogative, and negative forms for the third person singular. The present simple tense is used to describe general truths, habitual actions often accompanied by frequency adverbs like "always" or "sometimes", and opinions/feelings. Time expressions like "every day" or "on Sundays" are also commonly used with the present simple tense.
The United States formally recognized Mongolia in 1987 and established diplomatic relations. Over subsequent decades, high-level visits between the two countries helped strengthen ties, and the US provided economic and development assistance to Mongolia as it transitioned to democracy. Key events included the opening of the first US embassy in 1988, the signing of various cooperation agreements in the late 1980s and early 1990s, and the establishment of a Millennium Challenge Corporation compact in 2007 to fund infrastructure and other projects. Bilateral relations were celebrated in 2012 for the 25th anniversary of diplomatic relations.
This document outlines a Country Study course for sophomore English students at Ulaanbaatar University. The course is worth 2 credits over 32 hours and will be taught in the fourth term. The objective is for students to gain basic knowledge of their chosen country through online research, videos, and texts. Students will learn to contact a student in the chosen country and learn about a landmark through distance learning. They will also study how time zones affect the world and improve their writing, typing, listening, and presentation skills by working collaboratively to present on their country to peers. The self-study will involve studying the USA in weeks 1 and 3 by learning about states and holidays in groups. Week 2 will focus on an individual paper on
This document provides an overview of the present perfect tense in English. It explains that the present perfect tense is formed using "have/has" plus the past participle of the verb. It is used to describe an action that began in the past and has relevance to the present. The time of the action cannot be specified when using the present perfect tense. An example of using eight present perfect tenses in a crime scene report is provided to illustrate its use.
The document discusses key aspects of lesson planning and teaching such as:
1) Lessons are typically divided into preparation, teaching/management, and evaluation stages.
2) There are two worlds of teachers - those with small classes and resources, and most others with large classes to a set syllabus.
3) This material aims to present ideas and techniques teachers can apply to their own teaching through explicit demonstration.
4) Lesson plans should include the aim, new language, main activity stages, and what to do at each stage to prepare and evaluate the lesson.
This document provides guidance on effectively using the blackboard in teaching. It outlines that the blackboard is a very useful visual aid that is always available. It emphasizes the importance of developing good techniques for writing clearly, standing to not block visibility, writing in a straight line, and talking as writing to engage students. Specific tips include writing large enough for all to see, asking students for input, and demonstrating these techniques.
Past tense and past continuous verbs lesson -7batsaikhan_mm
This document provides instruction on using the past continuous tense in English to describe actions that were in progress or ongoing in the past. It defines the past continuous tense and provides examples of its use, including: 1) actions that started and were not finished at a specific time in the past, 2) two or more concurrent actions in the past, and 3) actions that were interrupted by other events in the past. The document also demonstrates how to form the -ing form of different types of verbs and provides practice exercises for readers to apply the past continuous tense.
This document discusses using pairwork and groupwork in the classroom. It introduces teachers to these techniques and shows how to organize and implement them effectively. Pairwork involves dividing the class into pairs to work on tasks simultaneously, while groupwork divides students into small groups. The document demonstrates examples of pairwork and groupwork activities, such as pattern practice, reading comprehension, and discussions. It addresses advantages like increased language practice and student involvement, as well as potential problems like noise and difficulty controlling the class. Suggestions are provided for implementing pairwork and groupwork successfully.
The document discusses the role of syllabus and curriculum in language teaching. It explains that a syllabus outlines the sequence and content of a language program and how learning will be delivered. Syllabuses can range from simply listing textbooks to more detailed plans including tests, objectives, materials and assignments. Some syllabuses focus on sequencing grammatical elements from simple to complex, while others are organized around communicative functions. Notional-functional syllabuses group language by pragmatic functions rather than form. The audiolingual method, influenced by behaviorism, aimed for quick results through pattern drills but was criticized for not developing long-term communicative ability.
The document provides guidance for teachers on using English in their classes, suggesting they can use English both when teaching lessons and for other classroom activities, and gives examples of expressions for organizing the class, explaining concepts, and having social conversations to help students practice English.
This document discusses modals and their usage to express degrees of certainty and necessity when discussing Native American rock art in the Southwestern United States. It provides examples of must and have to to express necessity, don't have to to express lack of necessity, and should and ought to to express advisability. It also discusses using may, might, could and other modals to express varying degrees of certainty about the past purposes and meanings of the rock art, which remain largely unknown. Students are provided practice questions to apply these modals in discussing theories about the rock art.
The document discusses using the passive voice in writing. It begins by defining active and passive voice, noting that active voice takes the form "A does B" while passive voice takes the form "B is done (by A)". It then provides examples of changing sentences from active to passive voice by combining "to be" with the past participle and omitting the agent of the action when possible. The document concludes by providing practice examples of changing sentences between active and passive voice.
The document provides guidance on effectively using the blackboard in teaching. It emphasizes that the blackboard is a very useful visual aid that is always available. It offers tips for teachers such as writing clearly so it can be seen from the back of class, standing to the side so students can see what is being written, writing in a straight line, talking as writing to engage students, and using questions to involve students. Good blackboard technique is important for focusing student attention and making lessons clearer.
This document discusses key aspects of Communicative Language Teaching (CLT), including:
1. CLT focuses on using language for meaningful communication like requests, advice, agreements rather than just form.
2. A communicative syllabus focuses on pragmatic language uses rather than just grammatical structures.
3. CLT aims to specify communicative goals for learners to practice language in context rather than just learning forms.
The document discusses key aspects of lesson planning and teaching such as:
1) Lessons are typically divided into preparation, teaching/management, and evaluation stages.
2) There are two worlds of teachers - those with small classes and resources, and most others with large classes applying new methods.
3) When introducing new techniques, it's important to demonstrate and have teachers experience them directly to avoid misunderstanding.
4) Lesson plans should include the aim, new language, main activity stages and what to do at each stage to help preparation and evaluation.
The document provides examples and explanations for using the present perfect and past simple tenses in English. It explains that the present perfect tense establishes a link to the present, while the past simple tense is used for completed actions solely in the past. It provides rules for using each tense and examples comparing their proper uses. It concludes with exercises for learners to practice using the present perfect and past simple tenses.
Reported speech is a way of reporting what someone has said by changing some words while retaining the same meaning. When reporting requests, offers, promises or threats, the structure is reporting verb + to-infinitive. Common reporting verbs are offer, promise, agree, refuse. When reporting orders, requests, warnings or advice, the structure is reporting verb + object + to-infinitive. Common reporting verbs are tell, ask, order, warn, advise, invite. For negative reported statements, the structure is not + to-infinitive. Pronouns and possessive adjectives are usually changed from first to third person.
country study Lecture 1 introduction of the usabatsaikhan_mm
The document provides a history and overview of the American flag and the United States. It details the origins of the American flag in 1776 with 13 alternating red and white stripes and the Union Jack in the canton. Congress later passed acts establishing the official flag and allowing for additional stars and stripes as new states joined. Today the flag consists of 13 horizontal stripes and 50 stars representing the original 13 colonies and current 50 states. It also provides a brief introduction to the USA, noting it is a federal republic with three branches of government and is one of the largest and most ethnically diverse countries in the world.
country study Lecture 3 population of the usabatsaikhan_mm
Native Americans originally inhabited what is now the continental United States and parts of Alaska and Hawaii. They comprised many distinct tribes and ethnic groups that lived in hunter-gatherer societies with different value systems than European colonists. After colonization and the founding of the US, policies aimed to assimilate or relocate Native Americans, often forcibly, leading to conflicts and wars between cultures. Today, over 562 federally recognized tribal governments have sovereignty within the US political system, but some advocates argue this falls short of true self-determination.
country study Lecture 2 geography of the usabatsaikhan_mm
The United Kingdom is located off the northwestern coast of Europe and comprises England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. It has a varied landscape that includes mountains, hills, rivers and lakes. The climate is temperate, influenced by the Gulf Stream, and is generally warmer and wetter in the south compared to the north. Historically the UK was heavily forested but much was cleared for agriculture and urbanization during the Industrial Revolution. The UK leads in reducing greenhouse gas emissions and is party to many international environmental agreements.
Country study Lecture 3 population of the usabatsaikhan_mm
Native Americans originally inhabited what is now the continental United States and parts of Alaska and Hawaii. They comprised many distinct tribes and ethnic groups that lived in hunter-gatherer societies with value systems different from European colonists. After colonization, conflicts arose between Native Americans and settlers as the US expanded westward. Today, over 562 federally recognized tribal governments exist with rights to self-governance, though some advocates argue for full sovereignty as independent nations.
The United States has the largest economy in the world, with a GDP of $14.4 trillion in 2008. It has a diverse economy based around services, industry, and agriculture. Major exports include machinery, vehicles, aircraft, and food. China and Canada are the largest import and export partners. The economy grew slowly in the late 2000s but has high productivity and remains an economic and technological leader internationally.
The United Kingdom is located off the northwestern coast of Europe and consists of England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. It has a total land area of 244,100 square kilometers and its capital and largest city is London. The UK is a parliamentary democracy and constitutional monarchy currently led by Prime Minister David Cameron and Queen Elizabeth II. It has a population of over 61 million people and has a highly developed economy, though its global influence has declined since World War 2.
Education systems vary across the United Kingdom, with each country responsible for its own education. In England, education is mandatory from ages 5 to 16 and mostly provided through state-run schools, with a small number selecting students based on academic ability. Top universities include Oxford and Cambridge, which rank among the best in the world. Scotland and Northern Ireland similarly have their own education authorities and qualifications systems. Wales promotes Welsh language education with compulsory lessons until age 16 and expansion of Welsh medium schools.
London is Europe's largest financial center and one of the world's top three alongside New York and Tokyo. The UK economy relies heavily on services, especially financial services centered in London, which accounts for about 73% of GDP. Manufacturing now makes up only about one-sixth of the economy compared to its previous importance during the Industrial Revolution, which began in the UK and drove its rise as a global economic and imperial power through the 19th century. The UK has transitioned to a primarily service-based economy led by sectors like banking, insurance and tourism, with London as a major global hub of business and commerce.
country study Lecture 12 climate of the united kingdombatsaikhan_mm
The climate of the United Kingdom is influenced by its location between 50-60 degrees north latitude and its position on the western edge of Eurasia. These factors result in unstable weather as moist maritime and dry continental air masses converge. Regional climates vary, with western areas closest to the Atlantic being generally milder, wetter, and windier compared to cooler, drier eastern regions. Seasons bring significant temperature variations, with summer being warmest and winter generally cool, wet, and windy. The climate has not always been the same, having experienced both much warmer and colder periods in the past, such as the Little Ice Age from the 1500s to mid-1800s.
The document contains 10 multiple choice questions that test general knowledge about the United States, including the number of states, what Americans celebrate on July 4th, the year independence was declared, the president who freed the slaves, the location of the White House, the biggest and smallest states, the first president, and the longest river in the USA. The answers provided are: b) 50 states, d) Independence Day, a) 1776, c) Abraham Lincoln, b) Washington D.C., a) California, b) George Washington, and b) Mississippi River.
