The document discusses principles of information systems including software functions. It defines systems software, application software, and operating systems. It describes popular operating systems like Windows, Mac OS X, and Linux and how they support personal, workgroup and enterprise goals. It also discusses programming languages, application software types, and software issues like bugs, licensing and support.
System software coordinates hardware components and translates inputs into machine language. Examples include operating systems like DOS, BIOS, and linkers. Popular operating systems are Microsoft Windows, developed by Microsoft for IBM PC compatible systems.
Application software allows direct interaction with computers and includes programs like Microsoft Office, web browsers, email clients, media players, and antivirus software. Application software is divided into systems software that supports applications, and actual applications end-users directly interact with.
software system and application softwareCyriac Jose
1. The document discusses software systems and applications, outlining the functions of systems software like operating systems and utility programs, and application software.
2. It describes how operating systems control hardware and interface with application programs, and lists popular operating systems like Windows, Mac OS X, Linux, and enterprise systems.
3. The document outlines different types of application software including proprietary, off-the-shelf, and personal, workgroup, and enterprise applications that support individual, group, and organizational goals.
04 software system and application softwareSowmini Gowda
The document summarizes key concepts about software, including:
1) It describes the two main types of software: systems software and application software.
2) It outlines several popular operating systems like Windows, Mac OS X, and Linux and their roles.
3) It discusses how application software supports personal, workgroup, and enterprise goals.
The document discusses key concepts about software, including the differences between systems software and application software, popular operating systems, programming languages, and software issues. It covers how operating systems control hardware and interface with applications, defines software types like proprietary and open-source, and examines trends such as global software support.
This document discusses different types of computer software, including system software and application software. System software consists of operating systems and utility programs that control computer operations and interface between hardware, users, and application software. Application software includes productivity programs like word processors and spreadsheets, as well as multimedia, home, and business programs. Productivity software is bundled into integrated packages, suites, and web-based applications for ease of use.
System software is a type of software that operates basic computer functions and provides a platform for running other application software. There are different types of system software including operating systems, device drivers, and programming software. The most important system software is the operating system, which acts as an interface between users and hardware and manages other programs. Major operating systems include Windows, Macintosh, and Linux. Windows 7 was developed by Microsoft as an improved version of earlier Windows operating systems with enhanced features, speed, and resource usage. As technology has evolved, operating systems and devices have shifted from desktop computers to mobile devices like smartphones and tablets.
Software:
Systems and Application Software
Identify and briefly describe the functions of the two basic kinds of software
Outline the role of the operating system and identify the features of several popular operating systems
Discuss how application software can support personal, workgroup, and enterprise business objectives
Identify three basic approaches to developing application software and discuss the pros and cons of each
Outline the overall evolution and importance of programming languages and clearly differentiate among the generations of programming languages
Identify several key software issues and trends that have an impact on organizations and individuals
System software coordinates hardware components and translates inputs into machine language. Examples include operating systems like DOS, BIOS, and linkers. Popular operating systems are Microsoft Windows, developed by Microsoft for IBM PC compatible systems.
Application software allows direct interaction with computers and includes programs like Microsoft Office, web browsers, email clients, media players, and antivirus software. Application software is divided into systems software that supports applications, and actual applications end-users directly interact with.
software system and application softwareCyriac Jose
1. The document discusses software systems and applications, outlining the functions of systems software like operating systems and utility programs, and application software.
2. It describes how operating systems control hardware and interface with application programs, and lists popular operating systems like Windows, Mac OS X, Linux, and enterprise systems.
3. The document outlines different types of application software including proprietary, off-the-shelf, and personal, workgroup, and enterprise applications that support individual, group, and organizational goals.
04 software system and application softwareSowmini Gowda
The document summarizes key concepts about software, including:
1) It describes the two main types of software: systems software and application software.
2) It outlines several popular operating systems like Windows, Mac OS X, and Linux and their roles.
3) It discusses how application software supports personal, workgroup, and enterprise goals.
The document discusses key concepts about software, including the differences between systems software and application software, popular operating systems, programming languages, and software issues. It covers how operating systems control hardware and interface with applications, defines software types like proprietary and open-source, and examines trends such as global software support.
This document discusses different types of computer software, including system software and application software. System software consists of operating systems and utility programs that control computer operations and interface between hardware, users, and application software. Application software includes productivity programs like word processors and spreadsheets, as well as multimedia, home, and business programs. Productivity software is bundled into integrated packages, suites, and web-based applications for ease of use.
System software is a type of software that operates basic computer functions and provides a platform for running other application software. There are different types of system software including operating systems, device drivers, and programming software. The most important system software is the operating system, which acts as an interface between users and hardware and manages other programs. Major operating systems include Windows, Macintosh, and Linux. Windows 7 was developed by Microsoft as an improved version of earlier Windows operating systems with enhanced features, speed, and resource usage. As technology has evolved, operating systems and devices have shifted from desktop computers to mobile devices like smartphones and tablets.
Software:
Systems and Application Software
Identify and briefly describe the functions of the two basic kinds of software
Outline the role of the operating system and identify the features of several popular operating systems
Discuss how application software can support personal, workgroup, and enterprise business objectives
Identify three basic approaches to developing application software and discuss the pros and cons of each
Outline the overall evolution and importance of programming languages and clearly differentiate among the generations of programming languages
Identify several key software issues and trends that have an impact on organizations and individuals
An operating system manages computer hardware resources and provides common services that allow application programs to function. It acts as an intermediary between programs and computer hardware, allocating resources like input/output, memory, and scheduling tasks for efficient use of the system. Popular modern operating systems include Android, iOS, Linux, OS X, Windows, and others, with many sharing roots in UNIX. Operating systems can be found on devices ranging from phones and game consoles to supercomputers and web servers.
The document discusses different types of operating systems and software licenses. It describes how operating systems coordinate hardware resources, provide user interfaces and manage programs. It also defines standalone, real-time, multi-user and multi-tasking operating systems. Common services provided by operating systems include program execution, I/O operations, file manipulation, communication, error handling and protection. The document also discusses copyright, different software licenses like freeware, shareware and open source, and provides examples of each.
Application software includes packaged, custom, open source, shareware, and freeware programs that perform specific processing tasks using programming languages. There are different categories of application software including presentation, spreadsheet, data management, information and reference, connectivity, education and training, entertainment, graphics and desktop publishing, web authoring, and business software. Peopleware refers to computer professionals engaged in programming, systems analysis, maintenance, and implementation. System analysis traces workflows to increase efficiency. Implementation involves testing system designs, training users, monitoring for errors, and ensuring user needs are met. Computer personnel roles involve identifying systems, designing applications, and daily system/program operations. IT departments typically include management, development, technical services, operations, and training positions.
This document outlines the objectives and content of a lecture on operating systems and utility programs. The lecture will identify different types of system software, explain the purpose of utilities included with most operating systems, summarize features of standalone operating systems, identify devices that use embedded operating systems, and explain standalone utility programs. It will also describe the functions of an operating system, including booting, user interfaces, multitasking, memory management, performance monitoring, job scheduling, drivers, and network connectivity. Finally, the lecture will cover utility programs, types of operating systems, and standalone utility programs like file compression utilities and media players.
The document discusses various types of computer software. It defines systems software as software that coordinates hardware and programs, with operating systems being a key type of systems software. It outlines popular operating systems like Windows, Mac OS X, and Linux. It also defines application software as software that helps users solve problems, and discusses personal, workgroup, and enterprise application software. The document outlines the evolution of programming languages from early to modern visual and object-oriented languages. It discusses issues like software bugs, copyrights, open-source software, and software upgrades.
System software includes operating systems, utility programs, library programs, and translator programs. An operating system manages computer resources and provides services for applications. Utility programs help configure and maintain the computer. Library programs provide reusable code for common tasks. Translator programs such as assemblers, interpreters, and compilers convert source code into machine-readable machine code.
There are three main types of software: application software, system software, and malicious software. Application software is used to perform tasks for users like word processing and games. System software manages computer resources and provides services for other software like operating systems, device drivers, and utilities. Malicious software is designed to harm computers and includes viruses, worms, and spyware. Antivirus and firewall software can help protect computers from malicious programs.
Software consists of instructions that tell a computer's hardware what to do. There are two main types of software: system software that controls computer operations, and application software that performs specific tasks for users. An operating system is system software that coordinates hardware, manages memory and files, and provides a user interface. Application software includes programs for word processing, spreadsheets, presentations, graphics editing, and more. Utility programs allow users to perform maintenance tasks like file compression. Software can be proprietary, where users pay for a closed source, or open source, where users can freely modify free software.
system software is a set of programs that enables a computer to perform routine tasks. types of system software are operating system & utility programs.
This document discusses computer hardware and software. It defines hardware as the physical components of a computer like the monitor, mouse, and case. Software or programs provide instructions to the hardware to perform tasks. There are two main types of software: operating systems and application programs. Operating systems act as an interface between the user and computer hardware by managing tasks, data storage, and communication between applications. Common operating systems for personal computers include Windows, Macintosh, Linux, and Unix.
The document defines and describes various types of application software, including productivity software. Productivity software helps users be more efficient and includes applications like word processors, spreadsheets, databases, and presentation software. Word processing software allows creating and editing documents, with features such as fonts, formatting, spell checkers, and the ability to easily edit content.
This document discusses the components of a computer system, including hardware, software, humanware, and data/information. It describes the main hardware components such as the CPU, memory, storage, input/output devices. It also covers the different types of software like system software and application software, and discusses commercial, freeware, and shareware models. Humanware refers to the user interface and experience. Data is raw facts while information is structured data that can influence decisions.
System software consists of programs that control computer operations and interface with users and hardware. There are two main types: operating systems and utility programs. Operating systems coordinate activities, support other software, manage hardware/memory/files, and enable user communication. Popular examples are DOS, Linux, Mac OS X, Unix, and Windows XP. Utility programs allow maintenance tasks like formatting disks. The operating system loads during startup and provides the user interface, manages data/programs, allocates memory, and configures devices.
The document discusses different types of computer software. It defines software as a set of instructions that can perform tasks. There are two main types of software: system software and application software. System software includes operating systems, utilities, device drivers, and language translators. It controls hardware and allows application software to run. Application software includes programs like word processors and spreadsheets that do useful work for users. The document provides examples and descriptions of different categories of both system and application software.
This document defines and compares different types of software licensing and distribution models:
- Retail software is sold in stores with packaging and manuals, making it generally more expensive than downloadable versions.
- OEM software is sold by manufacturers to be pre-installed on hardware systems at a reduced price without retail packaging.
- Shareware and freemium allow limited use for free as a trial with options to purchase a full license.
- Adware and spyware are usually free but collect user data or show ads without fully disclosing this in the license agreement.
Lecture-3: Operating System & Application SoftwaresMubashir Ali
The document discusses different types of system and application software. It provides definitions of operating systems and their common functions like booting, user interface, memory management, and utilities. It also describes different categories of application software for business, graphics, and home/personal use. Examples of specific software in these categories and their key features are outlined.
This document discusses different types of computer software and programming languages. It describes application software, which performs specific tasks for users, and system software, which acts as an interface between users, applications, and hardware. Some key points covered include:
- Application software includes commercial/packaged software, public domain, shareware, freeware, custom software, and different types like entertainment, personal, educational, and productivity software.
- System software includes the operating system, device drivers, and utility programs. The operating system loads at startup and manages memory, security, tasks, files, and input/output between components. Device drivers control peripheral devices.
- Programming languages and compilers/translators are also discussed as they
The document discusses different types of computer software. It defines systems software as software that coordinates hardware and programs, with operating systems being a key type of systems software. It outlines popular operating systems like Windows, Mac OS X, and Linux. It also discusses application software, describing personal, workgroup, and enterprise applications. It covers approaches to developing applications like visual programming. The document outlines the evolution of programming languages from early to modern versions. It identifies issues around software bugs, copyrights, and the benefits of open-source software.
This document discusses different types of software. It defines software and describes system software and application software. System software includes the operating system, BIOS, device drivers, and utility software. It provides examples of different types of utility software. The document also discusses proprietary software, shareware, and open-source software. Application software is for general use or specific tasks like engineering. Software can be categorized based on its licensing and access to source code.
This document provides an overview of different types of software, including:
1. Systems software such as operating systems, utility programs, and middleware that allow hardware and applications to work together.
2. Application software including personal productivity software for tasks like taxes and budgets, as well as enterprise-level software for organizations.
3. Popular current operating systems for personal computers, workgroups, and specialized devices from Microsoft, Apple, and Linux.
The document discusses key concepts regarding systems and application software. It defines systems software as programs that coordinate hardware and other programs, with operating systems being the most important type. Application software helps users solve problems. There are three main approaches to developing application software: building proprietary software, buying off-the-shelf software, or combining the two. The document also outlines important trends in software such as bugs, licensing, open-source options, and global support challenges.
An operating system manages computer hardware resources and provides common services that allow application programs to function. It acts as an intermediary between programs and computer hardware, allocating resources like input/output, memory, and scheduling tasks for efficient use of the system. Popular modern operating systems include Android, iOS, Linux, OS X, Windows, and others, with many sharing roots in UNIX. Operating systems can be found on devices ranging from phones and game consoles to supercomputers and web servers.
The document discusses different types of operating systems and software licenses. It describes how operating systems coordinate hardware resources, provide user interfaces and manage programs. It also defines standalone, real-time, multi-user and multi-tasking operating systems. Common services provided by operating systems include program execution, I/O operations, file manipulation, communication, error handling and protection. The document also discusses copyright, different software licenses like freeware, shareware and open source, and provides examples of each.
Application software includes packaged, custom, open source, shareware, and freeware programs that perform specific processing tasks using programming languages. There are different categories of application software including presentation, spreadsheet, data management, information and reference, connectivity, education and training, entertainment, graphics and desktop publishing, web authoring, and business software. Peopleware refers to computer professionals engaged in programming, systems analysis, maintenance, and implementation. System analysis traces workflows to increase efficiency. Implementation involves testing system designs, training users, monitoring for errors, and ensuring user needs are met. Computer personnel roles involve identifying systems, designing applications, and daily system/program operations. IT departments typically include management, development, technical services, operations, and training positions.
This document outlines the objectives and content of a lecture on operating systems and utility programs. The lecture will identify different types of system software, explain the purpose of utilities included with most operating systems, summarize features of standalone operating systems, identify devices that use embedded operating systems, and explain standalone utility programs. It will also describe the functions of an operating system, including booting, user interfaces, multitasking, memory management, performance monitoring, job scheduling, drivers, and network connectivity. Finally, the lecture will cover utility programs, types of operating systems, and standalone utility programs like file compression utilities and media players.
The document discusses various types of computer software. It defines systems software as software that coordinates hardware and programs, with operating systems being a key type of systems software. It outlines popular operating systems like Windows, Mac OS X, and Linux. It also defines application software as software that helps users solve problems, and discusses personal, workgroup, and enterprise application software. The document outlines the evolution of programming languages from early to modern visual and object-oriented languages. It discusses issues like software bugs, copyrights, open-source software, and software upgrades.
System software includes operating systems, utility programs, library programs, and translator programs. An operating system manages computer resources and provides services for applications. Utility programs help configure and maintain the computer. Library programs provide reusable code for common tasks. Translator programs such as assemblers, interpreters, and compilers convert source code into machine-readable machine code.
There are three main types of software: application software, system software, and malicious software. Application software is used to perform tasks for users like word processing and games. System software manages computer resources and provides services for other software like operating systems, device drivers, and utilities. Malicious software is designed to harm computers and includes viruses, worms, and spyware. Antivirus and firewall software can help protect computers from malicious programs.
Software consists of instructions that tell a computer's hardware what to do. There are two main types of software: system software that controls computer operations, and application software that performs specific tasks for users. An operating system is system software that coordinates hardware, manages memory and files, and provides a user interface. Application software includes programs for word processing, spreadsheets, presentations, graphics editing, and more. Utility programs allow users to perform maintenance tasks like file compression. Software can be proprietary, where users pay for a closed source, or open source, where users can freely modify free software.
system software is a set of programs that enables a computer to perform routine tasks. types of system software are operating system & utility programs.
This document discusses computer hardware and software. It defines hardware as the physical components of a computer like the monitor, mouse, and case. Software or programs provide instructions to the hardware to perform tasks. There are two main types of software: operating systems and application programs. Operating systems act as an interface between the user and computer hardware by managing tasks, data storage, and communication between applications. Common operating systems for personal computers include Windows, Macintosh, Linux, and Unix.
The document defines and describes various types of application software, including productivity software. Productivity software helps users be more efficient and includes applications like word processors, spreadsheets, databases, and presentation software. Word processing software allows creating and editing documents, with features such as fonts, formatting, spell checkers, and the ability to easily edit content.
This document discusses the components of a computer system, including hardware, software, humanware, and data/information. It describes the main hardware components such as the CPU, memory, storage, input/output devices. It also covers the different types of software like system software and application software, and discusses commercial, freeware, and shareware models. Humanware refers to the user interface and experience. Data is raw facts while information is structured data that can influence decisions.
System software consists of programs that control computer operations and interface with users and hardware. There are two main types: operating systems and utility programs. Operating systems coordinate activities, support other software, manage hardware/memory/files, and enable user communication. Popular examples are DOS, Linux, Mac OS X, Unix, and Windows XP. Utility programs allow maintenance tasks like formatting disks. The operating system loads during startup and provides the user interface, manages data/programs, allocates memory, and configures devices.
The document discusses different types of computer software. It defines software as a set of instructions that can perform tasks. There are two main types of software: system software and application software. System software includes operating systems, utilities, device drivers, and language translators. It controls hardware and allows application software to run. Application software includes programs like word processors and spreadsheets that do useful work for users. The document provides examples and descriptions of different categories of both system and application software.
This document defines and compares different types of software licensing and distribution models:
- Retail software is sold in stores with packaging and manuals, making it generally more expensive than downloadable versions.
- OEM software is sold by manufacturers to be pre-installed on hardware systems at a reduced price without retail packaging.
- Shareware and freemium allow limited use for free as a trial with options to purchase a full license.
- Adware and spyware are usually free but collect user data or show ads without fully disclosing this in the license agreement.
Lecture-3: Operating System & Application SoftwaresMubashir Ali
The document discusses different types of system and application software. It provides definitions of operating systems and their common functions like booting, user interface, memory management, and utilities. It also describes different categories of application software for business, graphics, and home/personal use. Examples of specific software in these categories and their key features are outlined.
This document discusses different types of computer software and programming languages. It describes application software, which performs specific tasks for users, and system software, which acts as an interface between users, applications, and hardware. Some key points covered include:
- Application software includes commercial/packaged software, public domain, shareware, freeware, custom software, and different types like entertainment, personal, educational, and productivity software.
- System software includes the operating system, device drivers, and utility programs. The operating system loads at startup and manages memory, security, tasks, files, and input/output between components. Device drivers control peripheral devices.
- Programming languages and compilers/translators are also discussed as they
The document discusses different types of computer software. It defines systems software as software that coordinates hardware and programs, with operating systems being a key type of systems software. It outlines popular operating systems like Windows, Mac OS X, and Linux. It also discusses application software, describing personal, workgroup, and enterprise applications. It covers approaches to developing applications like visual programming. The document outlines the evolution of programming languages from early to modern versions. It identifies issues around software bugs, copyrights, and the benefits of open-source software.
This document discusses different types of software. It defines software and describes system software and application software. System software includes the operating system, BIOS, device drivers, and utility software. It provides examples of different types of utility software. The document also discusses proprietary software, shareware, and open-source software. Application software is for general use or specific tasks like engineering. Software can be categorized based on its licensing and access to source code.
This document provides an overview of different types of software, including:
1. Systems software such as operating systems, utility programs, and middleware that allow hardware and applications to work together.
2. Application software including personal productivity software for tasks like taxes and budgets, as well as enterprise-level software for organizations.
3. Popular current operating systems for personal computers, workgroups, and specialized devices from Microsoft, Apple, and Linux.
The document discusses key concepts regarding systems and application software. It defines systems software as programs that coordinate hardware and other programs, with operating systems being the most important type. Application software helps users solve problems. There are three main approaches to developing application software: building proprietary software, buying off-the-shelf software, or combining the two. The document also outlines important trends in software such as bugs, licensing, open-source options, and global support challenges.
This document discusses software systems and applications. It defines systems software as programs that coordinate hardware and support application programs. Application software helps users solve problems. There are three approaches to developing applications: build proprietary software, buy off-the-shelf programs, or customize existing programs. The document outlines operating systems, programming languages, and trends like software bugs and licensing issues.
The document discusses system software, including operating systems and utility programs. It begins by explaining the differences between system software and application software. It then describes the functions of operating systems such as interfacing with users, booting the computer, configuring devices, managing resources and jobs, file management, security, and increasing efficiency through techniques like multitasking. Popular desktop operating systems like Windows, Mac OS, Linux, and mobile operating systems are also outlined. The document concludes by describing the roles of various utility programs that perform tasks like file management, searching, and disk management.
The document discusses system software, including operating systems and utility programs. It describes the functions of operating systems such as interfacing with users, booting computers, managing devices and resources, and providing security. Popular operating systems mentioned include Windows, Mac OS, Linux, Android, and iOS. Utility programs are also discussed, including file management programs, backup and restore utilities, disk management, and search tools.
Understanding Computers: Today and Tomorrow, 13th Edition Chapter 5 - System ...yaminohime
Objectives
- Understand the difference between system software and application software.
- Explain the different functions of an operating system and discuss some ways that operating systems can enhance processing efficiency.
- List several ways in which operating systems differ from one another.
- Name today’s most widely used operating systems for personal computers and servers.
-State several devices other than personal computers and servers that require an operating system and list one possible operating system for each type of device.
- Discuss the role of utility programs and outline several tasks these programs perform.
- Describe what the operating systems of the future might be like.
This chapter discusses system software, operating systems, and utility programs. It defines system software as programs that control the computer system, including the operating system and utility programs. The operating system manages resources and coordinates activities within the computer. It discusses functions of operating systems like interfacing with users, booting the computer, managing resources and jobs, file management, and security. It also covers processing techniques to improve efficiency like multitasking, multiprocessing, and virtual memory. The chapter lists popular operating systems for personal computers like Windows and Mac OS X, and server operating systems like Windows Server. It outlines differences among operating systems and possible future developments.
Chapter 05 os dan utility program csc & ttsHisyam Rosly
The document defines an operating system and describes the main types - stand-alone, server, and embedded. It explains the core functions of operating systems like booting, user interface, memory management. It also summarizes several popular stand-alone systems like Windows, Mac OS, Linux and server systems like Windows Server, Solaris. Finally, it outlines common utility programs that support operating systems like file managers, disk cleaners, antivirus software.
The document provides an introduction to operating systems, covering topics such as the need for operating systems, their evolution over different generations from batch to real-time systems, and the components of a computer system including hardware, operating system, application programs, and users. It then discusses operating system services from both the user and system point of view, and provides case studies of the Windows and Linux operating systems.
Computer software is divided into two main categories: system software and application software. System software includes operating systems and utility programs that control and maintain computer operations. An operating system coordinates hardware resources and allows users to run multiple programs simultaneously. Application software is designed to help users be more productive and includes business, graphics, communication, and personal productivity programs.
Basics of Operating Systems Definition – Generations of Operating systems – Types of Operating Systems, OS Service, System Calls, OS structure: Layered, Monolithic, Microkernel Operating Systems – Concept of Virtual Machine
The document discusses management information systems and operating systems. Management information systems are used to design procedures and processes to provide accurate and timely reports to aid management decision making. Operating systems are the most important program that runs on a computer and manages computer resources and hardware. They allow users to interact with applications through graphical user interfaces and perform tasks like running applications and allocating memory and processing resources. Common operating systems include Windows, MacOS, Linux, Android, and iOS.
This document provides an overview of operating systems. It discusses the following key points in 3 sentences:
The document begins with an introduction to operating systems, describing their role in managing computer hardware resources and providing a interface between software and hardware. Various operating system concepts are then covered such as processes, memory management, file systems and I/O subsystem management. Finally, the document discusses different types of operating systems including batch, time-sharing, distributed, network and real-time operating systems.
The document provides an overview of operating systems, including processes, threads, interprocess communication, deadlocks, and scheduling. It discusses the evolution of operating systems from first to fourth generation. Key concepts covered include processes, files, system calls, command interpreters, and signals. Operating system structures like monolithic, layered, and client-server models are summarized. Common interprocess communication problems like the bounded buffer, readers-writers, and dining philosophers problems are also briefly outlined. Finally, it discusses process scheduling algorithms, deadlock conditions and strategies to handle deadlocks.
Operating System definitions and about system calls
Operating System Services
User and Operating System-Interface
System Calls
Types of system calls
System Programs
The document provides an overview of operating systems including:
1. It defines an operating system as a program that acts as an intermediary between users/applications and computer hardware.
2. It describes the basic components of a computer system including hardware, operating system, application programs, and users.
3. It discusses the functions of an operating system including process management, memory management, file management, and more.
4. It outlines different types of operating systems such as batch, time-sharing, real-time, distributed, and mobile operating systems.
This document provides an overview and objectives for Chapter 1 of the textbook "Guide to Operating Systems". It discusses basic operating system concepts like kernels, resource managers, device drivers, and applications. It covers the history of operating system development from early mainframes to modern desktop and server OSs. It also differentiates between single-tasking and multitasking systems as well as single-user and multiuser OSs. Current common operating systems like Windows, Linux, and Mac OS are also listed.
Functions of Operating Systems:
Types of Operating Systems:
Real-Time Operating Systems
Single-User/Single-Tasking Operating Systems
Single-User/Multitasking Operating Systems
Multi-User/Multitasking Operating Systems
User Interface
Graphical User Interface (GUI)
Command-Line Interface
Running Programs
Managing Hardware
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- https://www.instagram.com/ternaus/
This presentation delves into the journey of Albumentations.ai, a highly successful open-source library for data augmentation.
Created out of a necessity for superior performance in Kaggle competitions, Albumentations has grown to become a widely used tool among data scientists and machine learning practitioners.
This case study covers various aspects, including:
People: The contributors and community that have supported Albumentations.
Metrics: The success indicators such as downloads, daily active users, GitHub stars, and financial contributions.
Challenges: The hurdles in monetizing open-source projects and measuring user engagement.
Development Practices: Best practices for creating, maintaining, and scaling open-source libraries, including code hygiene, CI/CD, and fast iteration.
Community Building: Strategies for making adoption easy, iterating quickly, and fostering a vibrant, engaged community.
Marketing: Both online and offline marketing tactics, focusing on real, impactful interactions and collaborations.
Mental Health: Maintaining balance and not feeling pressured by user demands.
Key insights include the importance of automation, making the adoption process seamless, and leveraging offline interactions for marketing. The presentation also emphasizes the need for continuous small improvements and building a friendly, inclusive community that contributes to the project's growth.
Vladimir Iglovikov brings his extensive experience as a Kaggle Grandmaster, ex-Staff ML Engineer at Lyft, sharing valuable lessons and practical advice for anyone looking to enhance the adoption of their open-source projects.
Explore more about Albumentations and join the community at:
GitHub: https://github.com/albumentations-team/albumentations
Website: https://albumentations.ai/
LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/100504475
Twitter: https://x.com/albumentations
Securing your Kubernetes cluster_ a step-by-step guide to success !KatiaHIMEUR1
Today, after several years of existence, an extremely active community and an ultra-dynamic ecosystem, Kubernetes has established itself as the de facto standard in container orchestration. Thanks to a wide range of managed services, it has never been so easy to set up a ready-to-use Kubernetes cluster.
However, this ease of use means that the subject of security in Kubernetes is often left for later, or even neglected. This exposes companies to significant risks.
In this talk, I'll show you step-by-step how to secure your Kubernetes cluster for greater peace of mind and reliability.
Why You Should Replace Windows 11 with Nitrux Linux 3.5.0 for enhanced perfor...SOFTTECHHUB
The choice of an operating system plays a pivotal role in shaping our computing experience. For decades, Microsoft's Windows has dominated the market, offering a familiar and widely adopted platform for personal and professional use. However, as technological advancements continue to push the boundaries of innovation, alternative operating systems have emerged, challenging the status quo and offering users a fresh perspective on computing.
One such alternative that has garnered significant attention and acclaim is Nitrux Linux 3.5.0, a sleek, powerful, and user-friendly Linux distribution that promises to redefine the way we interact with our devices. With its focus on performance, security, and customization, Nitrux Linux presents a compelling case for those seeking to break free from the constraints of proprietary software and embrace the freedom and flexibility of open-source computing.
Communications Mining Series - Zero to Hero - Session 1DianaGray10
This session provides introduction to UiPath Communication Mining, importance and platform overview. You will acquire a good understand of the phases in Communication Mining as we go over the platform with you. Topics covered:
• Communication Mining Overview
• Why is it important?
• How can it help today’s business and the benefits
• Phases in Communication Mining
• Demo on Platform overview
• Q/A
Encryption in Microsoft 365 - ExpertsLive Netherlands 2024Albert Hoitingh
In this session I delve into the encryption technology used in Microsoft 365 and Microsoft Purview. Including the concepts of Customer Key and Double Key Encryption.
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 6DianaGray10
Welcome to UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series part 6. In this session, we will cover Test Automation with generative AI and Open AI.
UiPath Test Automation with generative AI and Open AI webinar offers an in-depth exploration of leveraging cutting-edge technologies for test automation within the UiPath platform. Attendees will delve into the integration of generative AI, a test automation solution, with Open AI advanced natural language processing capabilities.
Throughout the session, participants will discover how this synergy empowers testers to automate repetitive tasks, enhance testing accuracy, and expedite the software testing life cycle. Topics covered include the seamless integration process, practical use cases, and the benefits of harnessing AI-driven automation for UiPath testing initiatives. By attending this webinar, testers, and automation professionals can gain valuable insights into harnessing the power of AI to optimize their test automation workflows within the UiPath ecosystem, ultimately driving efficiency and quality in software development processes.
What will you get from this session?
1. Insights into integrating generative AI.
2. Understanding how this integration enhances test automation within the UiPath platform
3. Practical demonstrations
4. Exploration of real-world use cases illustrating the benefits of AI-driven test automation for UiPath
Topics covered:
What is generative AI
Test Automation with generative AI and Open AI.
UiPath integration with generative AI
Speaker:
Deepak Rai, Automation Practice Lead, Boundaryless Group and UiPath MVP
Full-RAG: A modern architecture for hyper-personalizationZilliz
Mike Del Balso, CEO & Co-Founder at Tecton, presents "Full RAG," a novel approach to AI recommendation systems, aiming to push beyond the limitations of traditional models through a deep integration of contextual insights and real-time data, leveraging the Retrieval-Augmented Generation architecture. This talk will outline Full RAG's potential to significantly enhance personalization, address engineering challenges such as data management and model training, and introduce data enrichment with reranking as a key solution. Attendees will gain crucial insights into the importance of hyperpersonalization in AI, the capabilities of Full RAG for advanced personalization, and strategies for managing complex data integrations for deploying cutting-edge AI solutions.
Climate Impact of Software Testing at Nordic Testing DaysKari Kakkonen
My slides at Nordic Testing Days 6.6.2024
Climate impact / sustainability of software testing discussed on the talk. ICT and testing must carry their part of global responsibility to help with the climat warming. We can minimize the carbon footprint but we can also have a carbon handprint, a positive impact on the climate. Quality characteristics can be added with sustainability, and then measured continuously. Test environments can be used less, and in smaller scale and on demand. Test techniques can be used in optimizing or minimizing number of tests. Test automation can be used to speed up testing.
For the full video of this presentation, please visit: https://www.edge-ai-vision.com/2024/06/building-and-scaling-ai-applications-with-the-nx-ai-manager-a-presentation-from-network-optix/
Robin van Emden, Senior Director of Data Science at Network Optix, presents the “Building and Scaling AI Applications with the Nx AI Manager,” tutorial at the May 2024 Embedded Vision Summit.
In this presentation, van Emden covers the basics of scaling edge AI solutions using the Nx tool kit. He emphasizes the process of developing AI models and deploying them globally. He also showcases the conversion of AI models and the creation of effective edge AI pipelines, with a focus on pre-processing, model conversion, selecting the appropriate inference engine for the target hardware and post-processing.
van Emden shows how Nx can simplify the developer’s life and facilitate a rapid transition from concept to production-ready applications.He provides valuable insights into developing scalable and efficient edge AI solutions, with a strong focus on practical implementation.
Cosa hanno in comune un mattoncino Lego e la backdoor XZ?Speck&Tech
ABSTRACT: A prima vista, un mattoncino Lego e la backdoor XZ potrebbero avere in comune il fatto di essere entrambi blocchi di costruzione, o dipendenze di progetti creativi e software. La realtà è che un mattoncino Lego e il caso della backdoor XZ hanno molto di più di tutto ciò in comune.
Partecipate alla presentazione per immergervi in una storia di interoperabilità, standard e formati aperti, per poi discutere del ruolo importante che i contributori hanno in una comunità open source sostenibile.
BIO: Sostenitrice del software libero e dei formati standard e aperti. È stata un membro attivo dei progetti Fedora e openSUSE e ha co-fondato l'Associazione LibreItalia dove è stata coinvolta in diversi eventi, migrazioni e formazione relativi a LibreOffice. In precedenza ha lavorato a migrazioni e corsi di formazione su LibreOffice per diverse amministrazioni pubbliche e privati. Da gennaio 2020 lavora in SUSE come Software Release Engineer per Uyuni e SUSE Manager e quando non segue la sua passione per i computer e per Geeko coltiva la sua curiosità per l'astronomia (da cui deriva il suo nickname deneb_alpha).
2. Principles of Information Systems, Eighth Edition 2
Principles and Learning Objectives
1. Identify and briefly describe the functions of the two basic kinds of
software
2. Outline the role of the operating system and identify the features
of several popular operating systems
3. Discuss how application software can support personal,
workgroup, and enterprise business objectives
4. Identify three basic approaches to developing application
software and discuss the pros and cons of each
5. Outline the overall evolution and importance of programming
languages and clearly differentiate among the generations of
programming languages
6. Identify several key software issues and trends that have an
impact on organizations and individuals
3. Principles of Information Systems, Eighth Edition 3
Why Learn About Software?
• Software is indispensable for any computer system
• Systems software needed for input, calculations,
and output
• Application software aids in productivity
• Personal tasks using software
– Income tax preparation
– Keeping a budget
– Internet research
– Games
4. Principles of Information Systems, Eighth Edition 4
An Overview of Software
• Computer programs: sequences of
instructions for the computer
• Documentation: describes program functions
• Software – system software and application
software
5. Principles of Information Systems, Eighth Edition 5
Systems Software
• Systems software: coordinates the activities and
functions of hardware and programs
• Computer system platform: combination of a
hardware configuration and systems software
6. Principles of Information Systems, Eighth Edition 6
Application Software
• Application software: helps users solve particular
problems
• In most cases, application software resides on the
computer’s hard disk
• Application software can also be stored on CDs,
DVDs, and flash or keychain storage devices
7. Principles of Information Systems, Eighth Edition 7
Supporting Individual, Group, and
Organizational Goals
• Organisation – people, workgroup, enterprise –
supported with software and IS
• Organisation needs to classify the software and IS
uses to increase productivity – need to identify the
scope of problems and opportunities
• Sphere of influence: the scope of problems and
opportunities addressed by a particular
organisation
• For most companies, the spheres of influence are
personal, workgroup, and enterprise
8. Principles of Information Systems, Eighth Edition 8
Supporting Individual, Group, and
Organizational Goals (continued)
Table 4.1: Software Supporting Individuals, Workgroups, and Enterprises
9. Principles of Information Systems, Eighth Edition 9
Installing and Removing Software for
PCs
• Before you can use software, it must be installed
on a computer
• Software for personal computers typically comes
on CDs or is downloaded from the Web
• Most operating systems have an add/remove
program feature for removing software
– Does not work with all software
– Does not always remove all elements of the software
10. Principles of Information Systems, Eighth Edition 10
Systems Software
• Systems software
– Controls operations of computer hardware
– Supports application programs’ problem-solving
capabilities
• Types of systems software
– Operating systems
– Utility programs
– Middleware
11. Principles of Information Systems, Eighth Edition 11
Operating Systems
• Operating system (OS): set of programs that
controls the computer hardware and acts as an
interface with application programs
• Kernel: ties all components of the OS together and
regulates other programs
12. Principles of Information Systems, Eighth Edition 12
Operating Systems (continued)
• Various combinations of OSs, computers, and
users
– Single computer with a single user
– Single computer with multiple users
– Multiple computers
– Special-purpose computers
13. Principles of Information Systems, Eighth Edition 13
Operating Systems (continued)
• Activities performed by the operating system
– Perform common computer hardware functions
– Provide a user interface and input/output
management
– Provide a degree of hardware independence
– Manage system memory
– Manage processing tasks
– Provide networking capability
– Control access to system resources
– Manage files
14. Principles of Information Systems, Eighth Edition 14
Operating Systems (continued)
Figure 4.4: The Role of Systems Software
The role of Systems Software –interface between users,
application software and hardware
15. Principles of Information Systems, Eighth Edition 15
Operating Systems (continued)
• OS acts as an intermediary between application
and hardware
• OS converts basic request into a set of details
instruction that the hardware requires
• Common hardware functions (e.g.)
– Get input from keyboard or some other input device
– Retrieve data from disks
– Store data on disks
– Display information on a monitor or printer
16. Principles of Information Systems, Eighth Edition 16
Operating Systems Functions
1. User interface and input/output management
– User interface: allows individuals to access and
command the computer system
– Command-based user interface: requires that text
commands be given to the computer to perform
basic activities
– Graphical user interface (GUI): uses icons and
menus displayed on screen to send commands to
the computer system
17. Principles of Information Systems, Eighth Edition 17
Operating Systems Functions
(continued)
2. Hardware independence
– Application program interface (API): allows
applications to make use of the operating system
3. Memory management
– Control how memory is accessed and maximize
available memory and storage
18. Principles of Information Systems, Eighth Edition 18
Operating Systems Functions
(continued)
Figure 4.6: Application Program Interface Links Application Software to
the Operating System
19. Principles of Information Systems, Eighth Edition 19
4. Processing tasks
– Multitasking: more than one program can run at the
same time
– Time-sharing: allows more than one person to use
a computer system at the same time
– Scalability: ability of the computer to handle an
increasing number of concurrent users smoothly
5. Networking capability
– Features and capabilities of the OS that aid users in
connecting to a computer network
Operating Systems (continued)
20. Principles of Information Systems, Eighth Edition 20
Operating Systems (continued)
6. Access to system resources and security
– Protection against unauthorized access
– Logins and passwords
7. File management
– Ensures that files in secondary storage are available
when needed and that they are protected from
access by unauthorized users
21. Principles of Information Systems, Eighth Edition 21
Current Operating Systems
Table 4.2: Popular Operating Systems Cross All Three Spheres of Influence
22. Principles of Information Systems, Eighth Edition 22
Current Operating Systems
(continued)
• Microsoft PC operating systems
– PC-DOS and MS-DOS: early, command-driven OSs
– Windows XP: greatly improved stability and security
over previous versions of Windows
– Windows XP N: for European market
– Windows XP Professional X64: for computers with
newer 64-bit capabilities
– Windows XP Media Center Edition: incorporates
additional multimedia features
– Vista: latest version of Windows
23. Principles of Information Systems, Eighth Edition 23
Current Operating Systems
(continued)
• Apple operating systems
– Often provide cutting edge tools in graphics and
music not available from Microsoft
– Mac OS X
• Jaguar (OS X.2)
• Panther (OS X.3)
• Tiger (OS X.4): support for 64-bit computing,
Dashboard, Spotlight, etc.
24. Principles of Information Systems, Eighth Edition 24
Current Operating Systems
(continued)
• Linux
– Developed by Linus Torvalds in 1991
– Open-source product
– Only the kernel of an OS
– Several distributions available with
capabilities/applications that form a complete OS
• Examples: Red Hat Linux, Caldera OpenLinux
25. Principles of Information Systems, Eighth Edition 25
Workgroup Operating Systems
• Windows Server
• UNIX
• NetWare
• Red Hat Linux
• Mac OS X Server
26. Principles of Information Systems, Eighth Edition 26
Enterprise Operating Systems
• z/OS
• MPE/iX
• HP-UX
• Linux
27. Principles of Information Systems, Eighth Edition 27
Operating Systems for Small
Computers, Embedded Computers,
and Special-Purpose Devices
• Palm OS
• Windows Embedded
• Windows Mobile
28. Principles of Information Systems, Eighth Edition 28
Utility Programs
• Help to perform maintenance or correct problems
with a computer sistem
• Common types of utility programs:
– Hardware utilities
– Virus-detection and recovery utilities
– File-compression utilities
– Spam and pop-up blocker utilities
29. Principles of Information Systems, Eighth Edition 29
Utility Programs (continued)
• Network and Internet utilities
• Server and mainframe utilities
• Other utilities
– Manages and protects corporate documents
– Helps people with visual disabilities use the Internet
– Monitors employees
– Searches for files and documents
30. Principles of Information Systems, Eighth Edition 30
Middleware
• Middleware: software that allows different systems
to communicate and exchange data
• Middleware can also be used as an interface
between the Internet and older legacy systems
• e.g. ?
31. Principles of Information Systems, Eighth Edition 31
Application Software
• Primary function is to apply the power of the
computer to give individuals, workgroups, and the
entire enterprise the ability to solve problems and
perform specific tasks
• Application programs interact with systems
software; systems software then directs computer
hardware to perform the necessary tasks
32. Principles of Information Systems, Eighth Edition 32
Overview of Application Software
• Proprietary software: one-of-a-kind program for a
specific application, usually developed and owned
by a single company
• Off-the-shelf software: existing software program
that is purchased
33. Principles of Information Systems, Eighth Edition 33
Overview of Application Software
(continued)
Figure 4.13: Types of Application Software
34. Principles of Information Systems, Eighth Edition 34
Overview of Application Software
(continued)
Table 4.4: A Comparison of Proprietary and Off-the-Shelf Software
35. Principles of Information Systems, Eighth Edition 35
Overview of Application Software
(continued)
Table 4.4: A Comparison of Proprietary and Off-the-Shelf Software
(continued)
36. Principles of Information Systems, Eighth Edition 36
Personal Application Software
• Serves the needs of an individual user
• Includes personal productivity software
– Enables users to improve their personal
effectiveness
37. Principles of Information Systems, Eighth Edition 37
Personal Application Software
(continued)
Table 4.5: Examples of Personal Productivity Software
38. Principles of Information Systems, Eighth Edition 38
Personal Application Software
(continued)
Table 4.5: Examples of Personal Productivity Software (continued)
39. Principles of Information Systems, Eighth Edition 39
Personal Application Software
(continued)
• Software suite: collection of single application
programs packaged in a bundle
– Microsoft Office: most popular general-purpose
software suite
– Other general-purpose software suites: Corel’s
WordPerfect Office, Lotus SmartSuite, Sun
Microsystems’s StarOffice
• Integrated application packages: offer a range of
capabilities for less money than software suites
– Example: Microsoft Works
40. Principles of Information Systems, Eighth Edition 40
Personal Application Software
(continued)
Table 4.6: Major Components of Leading Software Suites
41. Principles of Information Systems, Eighth Edition 41
Workgroup Application Software
• Workgroup application software: support
teamwork, whether people are in the same location
or dispersed around the world
• Groupware: software that helps groups of people
work together more efficiently and effectively
42. Principles of Information Systems, Eighth Edition 42
Workgroup Application Software
(continued)
Table 4.7: Ernst & Young’s “Three Cs” Rule for Groupware
43. Principles of Information Systems, Eighth Edition 43
Enterprise Application Software
• Software that benefits an entire organization
• Enterprise resource planning (ERP) software:
set of integrated programs that manage a
company’s vital business operations for an entire
multisite, global organization
44. Principles of Information Systems, Eighth Edition 44
Enterprise Application Software
(continued)
Table 4.8: Examples of Enterprise Application Software
45. Principles of Information Systems, Eighth Edition 45
Application Software for Information,
Decision Support, and Specialized
Purposes
• Specialized application software for information,
decision support, and other purposes is available in
every industry
• Examples
– Genetic researchers use software to visualize and
analyze the human genome
– Music executives use decision support software to
help pick the next hit
– Decision support software is used to increase the
cure rate for cancer
46. Principles of Information Systems, Eighth Edition 46
Programming Languages
• Sets of keywords, symbols, and a system of rules
for constructing statements by which humans can
communicate instructions to be executed by a
computer
• Different languages have different characteristics
• Syntax: a set of rules associated with a
programming language
47. Principles of Information Systems, Eighth Edition 47
The Evolution of Programming
Languages
Table 4.9: The Evolution of Programming Languages
48. Principles of Information Systems, Eighth Edition 48
The Evolution of Programming
Languages (continued)
• Visual, object-oriented, and artificial intelligence
languages are easier for nonprogrammers to use
than older generation languages
• Visual languages use a graphical or visual interface
for program development
• Object-oriented programming languages are based
on objects
• Compiler: a special software program that
converts programmer’s source code into machine-
language instructions consisting of binary digits
49. Principles of Information Systems, Eighth Edition 49
The Evolution of Programming
Languages (continued)
Figure 4.21: Reusable Code in Object-Oriented Programming
50. Principles of Information Systems, Eighth Edition 50
The Evolution of Programming
Languages (continued)
Figure 4.23: How a Compiler Works
51. Principles of Information Systems, Eighth Edition 51
Software Issues and Trends
• Because software is such an important part of
today’s computer systems, software issues have
received increased attention
• Major software issues and trends discussed in the
text
– Software bugs, copyright, software licensing, open-
source software, shareware and public domain
software, multiorganizational software development,
software upgrades, and global software support
52. Principles of Information Systems, Eighth Edition 52
Software Bugs
• Software bug: defect in a computer program that
keeps it from performing as it is designed to
perform
• Tips for reducing impact of software bugs
– Register all software so that you can receive bug
alerts, fixes, and patches
– Check the manual or read-me files for work-arounds
– Access support area of the manufacturer’s Web site
for patches
– Install the latest software updates
53. Principles of Information Systems, Eighth Edition 53
Copyrights and Licenses
• Most software products are protected by law using
copyright or licensing provisions
– In some cases, you are given unlimited use of
software on one or two computers
– In other cases, you pay for your usage—if you use
the software more, you pay more
• Some software now requires that you register or
activate it before it can be fully used
54. Principles of Information Systems, Eighth Edition 54
Open-Source Software
• Open-source software: software freely available
to anyone in a form that can be easily modified
• Some widely used open-source software
packages: Linux OS, Free BSD, Apache,
Sendmail, Perl
• Open-source software is often more reliable and
secure than commercial software
• Open-source systems can contain hidden costs,
particularly for user support or solving problems
with the software
55. Principles of Information Systems, Eighth Edition 55
Open-Source Software (continued)
Table 4.10: Examples of Open-Source Software
56. Principles of Information Systems, Eighth Edition 56
Shareware, Freeware, and Public
Domain Software
• Shareware and freeware: software that is very
inexpensive or free, but whose source code cannot
be modified
• Public domain software: shareware and freeware
that is in the public domain
57. Principles of Information Systems, Eighth Edition 57
Software Upgrades
• Software companies revise their programs and sell
new versions periodically
• Revised software may or may not offer any major
additional capabilities
• Revised software can contain bugs or errors
• Software upgrades usually cost much less than the
original purchase price
58. Principles of Information Systems, Eighth Edition 58
Global Software Support
• Vendors face the challenge of providing adequate
support for their software customers in all locations
of the world
• Trend of outsourcing global support to one or more
third-party distributors
59. Principles of Information Systems, Eighth Edition 59
Summary
• Computer programs: sequences of instructions for
the computer
• Systems software: coordinates the activities of
hardware and programs
• Applications software: helps users solve particular
problems
• Operating system (OS): set of computer programs
that controls the computer hardware and acts as an
interface with application programs
60. Principles of Information Systems, Eighth Edition 60
Summary (continued)
• Graphical user interface (GUI): user interface that
uses icons and menus displayed on screen to send
commands to the computer system
• Time-sharing: allows more than one person to use
a computer system at the same time
• Proprietary software: one-of-a-kind program for a
specific application, usually developed and owned
by a single company
• Off-the-shelf software: existing software program
that is purchased
61. Principles of Information Systems, Eighth Edition 61
Summary (continued)
• Enterprise resource planning (ERP) software:
manages a company’s vital business operations for
an entire multisite, global organization
• Programming languages: allow humans to
communicate instructions to be executed by a
computer
• Most software products are protected by law using
copyright or licensing provisions
• Open-source software is freely available to anyone
in a form that can be easily modified