Seminario Internacional:
Dosificación y especificación de hormigón por desempeño
"Buenas Prácticas y Mejoramiento del Desempeño de Hormigones para Pavimentos"
Seminario Internacional:
Dosificación y especificación de hormigón por desempeño
"Buenas Prácticas y Mejoramiento del Desempeño de Hormigones para Pavimentos"
Seminario Internacional:
Dosificación y especificación de hormigón por desempeño
"Buenas Prácticas y Mejoramiento del Desempeño de Hormigones para Pavimentos"
Seminario Internacional:
Dosificación y especificación de hormigón por desempeño
"Buenas Prácticas y Mejoramiento del Desempeño de Hormigones para Pavimentos"
Seminario Internacional:
Dosificación y especificación de hormigón por desempeño
"Buenas Prácticas y Mejoramiento del Desempeño de Hormigones para Pavimentos"
Seminario Internacional:
Dosificación y especificación de hormigón por desempeño
"Buenas Prácticas y Mejoramiento del Desempeño de Hormigones para Pavimentos"
This document summarizes a laboratory experiment to test the soundness of cement using the Le Chatelier apparatus. The test involves making a cement paste, placing it in the apparatus, and measuring the expansion after immersion in water at room temperature for 24 hours and then boiling water for 1 hour. The expansion is calculated and compared to specifications in standards which limit expansion to 10mm. Testing cement soundness ensures the cement will not excessively expand after setting, which could cause cracking.
Effect of Waste Coarse Rubber to Self-Compacting ConcreteÖmer Acar
This document summarizes a graduation project investigating the use of waste coarse rubber in self-compacting concrete. The project tests how waste materials can be used as aggregates and finds that results are satisfactory. Self-compacting concrete provides benefits to the construction industry by not requiring vibration for compaction. The document discusses the development of self-compacting concrete in Japan in the 1980s and outlines common tests to measure properties of self-compacting concrete, such as slump flow, L-box, and V-funnel tests. The project concludes that waste coarse rubber can perform similar to normal aggregates and that further research on using recycled materials in self-compacting concrete would be beneficial for both the environment and construction industry.
Seminario Internacional:
Dosificación y especificación de hormigón por desempeño
"Buenas Prácticas y Mejoramiento del Desempeño de Hormigones para Pavimentos"
Seminario Internacional:
Dosificación y especificación de hormigón por desempeño
"Buenas Prácticas y Mejoramiento del Desempeño de Hormigones para Pavimentos"
Seminario Internacional:
Dosificación y especificación de hormigón por desempeño
"Buenas Prácticas y Mejoramiento del Desempeño de Hormigones para Pavimentos"
Seminario Internacional:
Dosificación y especificación de hormigón por desempeño
"Buenas Prácticas y Mejoramiento del Desempeño de Hormigones para Pavimentos"
Seminario Internacional:
Dosificación y especificación de hormigón por desempeño
"Buenas Prácticas y Mejoramiento del Desempeño de Hormigones para Pavimentos"
Seminario Internacional:
Dosificación y especificación de hormigón por desempeño
"Buenas Prácticas y Mejoramiento del Desempeño de Hormigones para Pavimentos"
This document summarizes a laboratory experiment to test the soundness of cement using the Le Chatelier apparatus. The test involves making a cement paste, placing it in the apparatus, and measuring the expansion after immersion in water at room temperature for 24 hours and then boiling water for 1 hour. The expansion is calculated and compared to specifications in standards which limit expansion to 10mm. Testing cement soundness ensures the cement will not excessively expand after setting, which could cause cracking.
Effect of Waste Coarse Rubber to Self-Compacting ConcreteÖmer Acar
This document summarizes a graduation project investigating the use of waste coarse rubber in self-compacting concrete. The project tests how waste materials can be used as aggregates and finds that results are satisfactory. Self-compacting concrete provides benefits to the construction industry by not requiring vibration for compaction. The document discusses the development of self-compacting concrete in Japan in the 1980s and outlines common tests to measure properties of self-compacting concrete, such as slump flow, L-box, and V-funnel tests. The project concludes that waste coarse rubber can perform similar to normal aggregates and that further research on using recycled materials in self-compacting concrete would be beneficial for both the environment and construction industry.
Seminario Internacional:
Dosificación y especificación de hormigón por desempeño
"Buenas Prácticas y Mejoramiento del Desempeño de Hormigones para Pavimentos"
Concrete permeability is a key factor in its durability. Permeability is affected by water-cement ratio, with lower ratios producing less permeable concrete. Curing also impacts permeability. Proper curing, including moist curing, produces less permeable concrete. Permeability testing involves measuring water flow through a sample over time under pressure. Sulfate attack can occur when sulfates penetrate permeable concrete and form expansive compounds that crack the material. Resistance to sulfates is improved with lower permeability concrete.
Presentation on Slurry Seals by Lance Allen of Pacific Emulsions at the CalAPA Los Angeles Regional Technical Committee meeting Jan. 7, 2015 in Santa Ana
Cement has various physical properties that are important for quality control, including setting time, soundness, fineness, and strength. Standard tests are used to characterize these properties according to specifications. Setting time refers to initial and final set, which are affected by factors like fineness and chemical composition. Soundness ensures volume stability after hardening. Fineness impacts hydration rate and strength gain. Strength is typically measured via compression, tension, or flexion tests at various ages. Different types of cement are produced through adjustments to raw materials, chemical proportions, additives, and grinding degree.
This document summarizes a presentation on optimizing concrete mix design for pavement. It discusses:
- Using a modified Toufar model and experimental testing to determine aggregate packing and optimum gradations.
- Conducting experiments with different aggregate blends and cement contents to evaluate fresh properties, strength, and permeability. Promising blends were identified.
- Further reducing cement contents of promising blends by adjusting water reducer dosage and retesting. Cement could be reduced by up to 1 sack without compromising performance.
- Proposing a mix design procedure considering aggregate packing from modeling/testing, minimum excess paste, and verification with a box test to ensure adequate strength and surface quality.
Self-compacting concrete (SCC) was developed in Japan in the 1980s to achieve complete compaction without vibration. SCC flows under its own weight, fills formwork and passes through reinforced areas without segregation of ingredients. It consists of cement, fine and coarse aggregates, chemical and mineral admixtures. Superplasticizers and viscosity modifying agents provide workability and stability. Tests like slump flow, V-funnel, and J-ring evaluate filling ability, passing ability and resistance to segregation. SCC offers benefits of reduced labor, better compaction and surface finish compared to conventional concrete but requires more precise material proportions and quality control.
The document presents a study on the design of M30 grade self-compacting concrete (SCC) mixes using different sizes of coarse aggregate. Tests were conducted on fresh and hardened SCC to evaluate flowability, passing ability, segregation resistance, compressive strength, flexural strength, and split tensile strength. The results showed that SCC mixes with 10mm, 12.5mm, 16mm, and 20mm coarse aggregates met acceptance criteria for workability and strength. The study achieved M30 grade SCC mixes suitable for use with different coarse aggregate sizes.
1. Vacuum concrete involves mixing concrete with high water content to improve workability, then extracting extra water using vacuum dewatering to reduce the water-cement ratio and improve strength and durability.
2. A series of experiments investigated the effects of various factors on the volume of water extracted and the compressive strength distribution within vacuum concrete slabs. Higher slump, lower strength, thicker slabs, and earlier vacuum treatment resulted in more water extracted.
3. Vacuum treatment improved compressive strengths throughout the slab thickness but particularly at upper layers, reducing the strength gradient. Strengths were highest with later vacuum treatment and lower water-cement ratios.
1. The document outlines the steps of the ACI standard concrete mix design method, which includes selecting slump, maximum aggregate size, water-cement ratio, cement content, coarse aggregate content, fine aggregate content, and adjusting for aggregate moisture.
2. An example mix design is provided for a 10-inch thick unreinforced pavement slab, following the 8 steps of the ACI method. This includes determining batch weights of 191.75 lbs of water, 625 lbs of cement, 1,936.2 lbs of coarse aggregate, and 1,188.3 lbs of fine aggregate.
3. The British Standard method of mix design is also briefly outlined, with steps including selecting target mean strength, water
This document discusses retempering concrete using water and superplasticizers. Retempering involves adding water or admixtures to concrete to restore workability after slump loss during delivery or casting. The document outlines conditions where retempering is allowed, including not exceeding water-cement ratios. An experiment found that using superplasticizers in retempering requires less water than water alone to achieve the same slump. Compressive strengths also decreased less for concrete retempered with superplasticizers compared to water alone due to lower final water-cement ratios. In conclusion, retempering can help with workability but adds water that reduces strength, so superplasticizers are preferable as they require less water.
The document discusses self-compacting concrete (SCC), which is a special type of concrete that can be cast without compaction or vibration due to its high resistance to segregation. SCC was first developed in Japan in 1988 in response to problems with concrete durability and labor shortages. SCC achieves self-compacting behavior through adjustments to the aggregate content and use of chemical and mineral admixtures. Tests are used to evaluate properties like flowability, passing ability, and segregation resistance. Benefits of SCC include reduced labor costs, faster placement, improved surface finish, and better consolidation around reinforcement.
Self-Compacting Concrete or Self Consolidating Concrete (SCC) is a highly flowable, stable concrete which flows readily into place, filling formwork without any consolidation and without undergoing any significant segregation. The use of SCC eliminates the need for compaction therefore saving time, reducing labor costs and conserving energy.Fresh SCC must possess the key properties including filling ability, passing ability and resistance to segregation at required levels. The filling ability is the ability of the SCC to flow into all spaces within the formwork under its own weight. Without vibrating the concrete, SCC has to fill any space within the formwork and it has to flow in horizontal and vertical directions without keeping air entrapped inside the concrete or at the surface. Passing ability is the ability of the SCC to flow through tight openings such as spaces between steel reinforcing bars, under its own weight. Passing ability is required to guarantee a homogenous distribution of the components of SCC in the vicinity of obstacles. The resistance to segregation is the resistance of the components of SCC to migration or separation and remains uniform throughout the process of transport and placing.
it is a benficial slide who wants to know about the drilling fluids and the rhelogical aspects of the drilling fluids. the things are clear and very clear in this slide and this slide is very beneficial for the one who know basics of drilling fluids in a knowledgeable way
Summer training project on drilling fluid at ongc pptKeshar Saini
This project “Study of drill cutting and Formulation of drilling fluid.” was performed in R&D LAB, Institute of drilling technology, ONGC, dehradun. Study of drill cutting is done in terms of CST(capillary suction time), MBC(Methylene Blue Capacity) and XRD(X-ray diffraction).
• Later than several drilling fluid with different formulation are prepared and several tests (like Rheology Test, Lubricity Test, API Filter press, Linear swell Test and pH test) are performed on drilling fluid to check the suitability of it on drill cutting. Thus the suitable formulation of drilling fluid is found.
The document provides information about cement, including its definition, main types, ingredients, and tests. It defines cement as a binder with hydraulic properties made of calcium silicates and other calcium compounds. The main types of cement are used in mortar and concrete production. Key ingredients in cement include lime, silica, alumina, and magnesium. Cement can be tested through field tests like color, texture, and setting behavior or through laboratory tests of fineness, setting time, strength, soundness, and heat of hydration.
This document summarizes a study on the properties of self-compacting concrete (SCC) made with different percentages of fly ash replacement. The key points are:
1) SCC mixes were made with 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, and 50% cement replacement by fly ash. Fresh properties like slump flow and passing ability generally increased with higher fly ash content.
2) Hardened properties like compressive, split tensile, and flexural strength generally decreased with higher fly ash content compared to the control mix, though the 30% replacement mix performed best.
3) Durability properties like acid resistance and saturated water absorption improved with increasing fly ash content, indicating fly ash increases concrete imper
IRJET- Self-Compacting Concrete - Procedure and Mix DesignIRJET Journal
This document presents a procedure for designing self-compacting concrete mixes. It describes testing various mix designs to achieve the required properties of self-compacting concrete, including adequate flowability, passing ability, and resistance to segregation. A series of trial mixes were conducted by varying the proportions of coarse and fine aggregates, water-cement ratio, and superplasticizer dosage. The optimal mix was determined to have 34% coarse aggregate, 57% fine aggregate, a water-cement ratio of 0.50, and 1.15% superplasticizer. This mix met all acceptance criteria for self-compacting concrete based on slump flow, V-funnel, and L-box tests. Compressive strength results
CON 123 Session 6 - Physical Propertiesalpenaccedu
The document discusses various physical tests performed on portland cement, including consistency, setting time, soundness, compressive strength, and fineness. It also covers topics like heat of hydration, particle size distribution, density measurement techniques, and sustainable development practices in the cement industry such as reducing CO2 emissions. The physical tests are important to characterize the properties and performance of cement.
This document discusses quality control and durability factors in concrete. It defines quality as conformance to requirements and durability as a concrete's ability to resist deterioration when exposed to the environment. Several factors influence concrete durability, including the materials used, water-cement ratio, compaction, curing and the physical and chemical conditions of the service environment. Common durability issues include corrosion, cracking from sulfate attack or alkali-silica reaction, and carbonation reducing alkalinity. Proper quality control of materials and construction processes is needed to produce durable concrete.
The document provides an overview of testing conducted at the NTPC Gadarwada power plant project site. It summarizes various material testing methods used, including testing of concrete (compressive strength, slump, and core cutter tests), cement (Vicat test), soil (liquid limit, proctor, and core cutter tests), steel (bend-rebend test), bricks (water absorption, compression, warpage, and efflorescence tests), and reinforcement. It also summarizes quality control methods used in various construction activities like fabrication, erection, site leveling, roads, foundations, and pre-engineered structures.
BEHAVIOUR OF REINFORCED CONCRETE BEAMS WITH COCONUT SHELL AS COARSE AGGREGATES Eswari Kasil
The document summarizes research on using coconut shells as a substitute for conventional coarse aggregates in reinforced concrete beams. Experiments were conducted by replacing gravel with 25%, 50%, and 75% coconut shells. Beams were tested for flexural strength, compressive strength, split tensile strength, and deflection. Results showed coconut shell concrete beams had similar or higher strengths than control beams without shells. For example, a 75% shell replacement beam failed at 70 kN versus 90 kN for the control. Overall, the study concluded coconut shells can be effectively used as a lightweight aggregate for small house construction.
Durability for Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymers on Timber StructuresJBercot
A thesis presentation submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements of the subject BEB801 – Project 1 in the Bachelor of Engineering Degree.
School of Civil Engineering & Built Environment,
Queensland University of Technology, June 2016
Concrete permeability is a key factor in its durability. Permeability is affected by water-cement ratio, with lower ratios producing less permeable concrete. Curing also impacts permeability. Proper curing, including moist curing, produces less permeable concrete. Permeability testing involves measuring water flow through a sample over time under pressure. Sulfate attack can occur when sulfates penetrate permeable concrete and form expansive compounds that crack the material. Resistance to sulfates is improved with lower permeability concrete.
Presentation on Slurry Seals by Lance Allen of Pacific Emulsions at the CalAPA Los Angeles Regional Technical Committee meeting Jan. 7, 2015 in Santa Ana
Cement has various physical properties that are important for quality control, including setting time, soundness, fineness, and strength. Standard tests are used to characterize these properties according to specifications. Setting time refers to initial and final set, which are affected by factors like fineness and chemical composition. Soundness ensures volume stability after hardening. Fineness impacts hydration rate and strength gain. Strength is typically measured via compression, tension, or flexion tests at various ages. Different types of cement are produced through adjustments to raw materials, chemical proportions, additives, and grinding degree.
This document summarizes a presentation on optimizing concrete mix design for pavement. It discusses:
- Using a modified Toufar model and experimental testing to determine aggregate packing and optimum gradations.
- Conducting experiments with different aggregate blends and cement contents to evaluate fresh properties, strength, and permeability. Promising blends were identified.
- Further reducing cement contents of promising blends by adjusting water reducer dosage and retesting. Cement could be reduced by up to 1 sack without compromising performance.
- Proposing a mix design procedure considering aggregate packing from modeling/testing, minimum excess paste, and verification with a box test to ensure adequate strength and surface quality.
Self-compacting concrete (SCC) was developed in Japan in the 1980s to achieve complete compaction without vibration. SCC flows under its own weight, fills formwork and passes through reinforced areas without segregation of ingredients. It consists of cement, fine and coarse aggregates, chemical and mineral admixtures. Superplasticizers and viscosity modifying agents provide workability and stability. Tests like slump flow, V-funnel, and J-ring evaluate filling ability, passing ability and resistance to segregation. SCC offers benefits of reduced labor, better compaction and surface finish compared to conventional concrete but requires more precise material proportions and quality control.
The document presents a study on the design of M30 grade self-compacting concrete (SCC) mixes using different sizes of coarse aggregate. Tests were conducted on fresh and hardened SCC to evaluate flowability, passing ability, segregation resistance, compressive strength, flexural strength, and split tensile strength. The results showed that SCC mixes with 10mm, 12.5mm, 16mm, and 20mm coarse aggregates met acceptance criteria for workability and strength. The study achieved M30 grade SCC mixes suitable for use with different coarse aggregate sizes.
1. Vacuum concrete involves mixing concrete with high water content to improve workability, then extracting extra water using vacuum dewatering to reduce the water-cement ratio and improve strength and durability.
2. A series of experiments investigated the effects of various factors on the volume of water extracted and the compressive strength distribution within vacuum concrete slabs. Higher slump, lower strength, thicker slabs, and earlier vacuum treatment resulted in more water extracted.
3. Vacuum treatment improved compressive strengths throughout the slab thickness but particularly at upper layers, reducing the strength gradient. Strengths were highest with later vacuum treatment and lower water-cement ratios.
1. The document outlines the steps of the ACI standard concrete mix design method, which includes selecting slump, maximum aggregate size, water-cement ratio, cement content, coarse aggregate content, fine aggregate content, and adjusting for aggregate moisture.
2. An example mix design is provided for a 10-inch thick unreinforced pavement slab, following the 8 steps of the ACI method. This includes determining batch weights of 191.75 lbs of water, 625 lbs of cement, 1,936.2 lbs of coarse aggregate, and 1,188.3 lbs of fine aggregate.
3. The British Standard method of mix design is also briefly outlined, with steps including selecting target mean strength, water
This document discusses retempering concrete using water and superplasticizers. Retempering involves adding water or admixtures to concrete to restore workability after slump loss during delivery or casting. The document outlines conditions where retempering is allowed, including not exceeding water-cement ratios. An experiment found that using superplasticizers in retempering requires less water than water alone to achieve the same slump. Compressive strengths also decreased less for concrete retempered with superplasticizers compared to water alone due to lower final water-cement ratios. In conclusion, retempering can help with workability but adds water that reduces strength, so superplasticizers are preferable as they require less water.
The document discusses self-compacting concrete (SCC), which is a special type of concrete that can be cast without compaction or vibration due to its high resistance to segregation. SCC was first developed in Japan in 1988 in response to problems with concrete durability and labor shortages. SCC achieves self-compacting behavior through adjustments to the aggregate content and use of chemical and mineral admixtures. Tests are used to evaluate properties like flowability, passing ability, and segregation resistance. Benefits of SCC include reduced labor costs, faster placement, improved surface finish, and better consolidation around reinforcement.
Self-Compacting Concrete or Self Consolidating Concrete (SCC) is a highly flowable, stable concrete which flows readily into place, filling formwork without any consolidation and without undergoing any significant segregation. The use of SCC eliminates the need for compaction therefore saving time, reducing labor costs and conserving energy.Fresh SCC must possess the key properties including filling ability, passing ability and resistance to segregation at required levels. The filling ability is the ability of the SCC to flow into all spaces within the formwork under its own weight. Without vibrating the concrete, SCC has to fill any space within the formwork and it has to flow in horizontal and vertical directions without keeping air entrapped inside the concrete or at the surface. Passing ability is the ability of the SCC to flow through tight openings such as spaces between steel reinforcing bars, under its own weight. Passing ability is required to guarantee a homogenous distribution of the components of SCC in the vicinity of obstacles. The resistance to segregation is the resistance of the components of SCC to migration or separation and remains uniform throughout the process of transport and placing.
it is a benficial slide who wants to know about the drilling fluids and the rhelogical aspects of the drilling fluids. the things are clear and very clear in this slide and this slide is very beneficial for the one who know basics of drilling fluids in a knowledgeable way
Summer training project on drilling fluid at ongc pptKeshar Saini
This project “Study of drill cutting and Formulation of drilling fluid.” was performed in R&D LAB, Institute of drilling technology, ONGC, dehradun. Study of drill cutting is done in terms of CST(capillary suction time), MBC(Methylene Blue Capacity) and XRD(X-ray diffraction).
• Later than several drilling fluid with different formulation are prepared and several tests (like Rheology Test, Lubricity Test, API Filter press, Linear swell Test and pH test) are performed on drilling fluid to check the suitability of it on drill cutting. Thus the suitable formulation of drilling fluid is found.
The document provides information about cement, including its definition, main types, ingredients, and tests. It defines cement as a binder with hydraulic properties made of calcium silicates and other calcium compounds. The main types of cement are used in mortar and concrete production. Key ingredients in cement include lime, silica, alumina, and magnesium. Cement can be tested through field tests like color, texture, and setting behavior or through laboratory tests of fineness, setting time, strength, soundness, and heat of hydration.
This document summarizes a study on the properties of self-compacting concrete (SCC) made with different percentages of fly ash replacement. The key points are:
1) SCC mixes were made with 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, and 50% cement replacement by fly ash. Fresh properties like slump flow and passing ability generally increased with higher fly ash content.
2) Hardened properties like compressive, split tensile, and flexural strength generally decreased with higher fly ash content compared to the control mix, though the 30% replacement mix performed best.
3) Durability properties like acid resistance and saturated water absorption improved with increasing fly ash content, indicating fly ash increases concrete imper
IRJET- Self-Compacting Concrete - Procedure and Mix DesignIRJET Journal
This document presents a procedure for designing self-compacting concrete mixes. It describes testing various mix designs to achieve the required properties of self-compacting concrete, including adequate flowability, passing ability, and resistance to segregation. A series of trial mixes were conducted by varying the proportions of coarse and fine aggregates, water-cement ratio, and superplasticizer dosage. The optimal mix was determined to have 34% coarse aggregate, 57% fine aggregate, a water-cement ratio of 0.50, and 1.15% superplasticizer. This mix met all acceptance criteria for self-compacting concrete based on slump flow, V-funnel, and L-box tests. Compressive strength results
CON 123 Session 6 - Physical Propertiesalpenaccedu
The document discusses various physical tests performed on portland cement, including consistency, setting time, soundness, compressive strength, and fineness. It also covers topics like heat of hydration, particle size distribution, density measurement techniques, and sustainable development practices in the cement industry such as reducing CO2 emissions. The physical tests are important to characterize the properties and performance of cement.
This document discusses quality control and durability factors in concrete. It defines quality as conformance to requirements and durability as a concrete's ability to resist deterioration when exposed to the environment. Several factors influence concrete durability, including the materials used, water-cement ratio, compaction, curing and the physical and chemical conditions of the service environment. Common durability issues include corrosion, cracking from sulfate attack or alkali-silica reaction, and carbonation reducing alkalinity. Proper quality control of materials and construction processes is needed to produce durable concrete.
The document provides an overview of testing conducted at the NTPC Gadarwada power plant project site. It summarizes various material testing methods used, including testing of concrete (compressive strength, slump, and core cutter tests), cement (Vicat test), soil (liquid limit, proctor, and core cutter tests), steel (bend-rebend test), bricks (water absorption, compression, warpage, and efflorescence tests), and reinforcement. It also summarizes quality control methods used in various construction activities like fabrication, erection, site leveling, roads, foundations, and pre-engineered structures.
BEHAVIOUR OF REINFORCED CONCRETE BEAMS WITH COCONUT SHELL AS COARSE AGGREGATES Eswari Kasil
The document summarizes research on using coconut shells as a substitute for conventional coarse aggregates in reinforced concrete beams. Experiments were conducted by replacing gravel with 25%, 50%, and 75% coconut shells. Beams were tested for flexural strength, compressive strength, split tensile strength, and deflection. Results showed coconut shell concrete beams had similar or higher strengths than control beams without shells. For example, a 75% shell replacement beam failed at 70 kN versus 90 kN for the control. Overall, the study concluded coconut shells can be effectively used as a lightweight aggregate for small house construction.
Durability for Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymers on Timber StructuresJBercot
A thesis presentation submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements of the subject BEB801 – Project 1 in the Bachelor of Engineering Degree.
School of Civil Engineering & Built Environment,
Queensland University of Technology, June 2016
The document discusses various topics related to concrete structures including:
- Concrete is the second most used construction material after water due to its durability and ability to be molded into different shapes. Reinforcement is added to concrete to improve tensile strength.
- Types of cement used in concrete structures including Type K and Type M cement.
- Reinforced concrete uses steel reinforcement bars to improve tensile strength. Prestressed concrete applies stress before external loads to increase load capacity.
- Advantages of concrete structures include availability/cost of materials and ability to take compressive/bending forces. Disadvantages include cracking from shrinkage and weakness in tension.
- Concrete creep is a permanent deformation over time under load. Cre
Reactive powder concrete (RPC) is a very strong and durable building material developed in the 1990s. It consists of a finely-ground mixture of cement, silica fume, quartz flour, water and steel fibers that is cured at a high temperature. RPC has extremely high compressive strength, even over 200 MPa, along with high flexural strength and very low permeability. It has been used in bridges, seawalls, buildings and other structures where high strength and durability are required. However, RPC is more expensive to produce than normal concrete due to its specialized composition and processing requirements.
This presentation discusses fiber reinforced concrete (FRC) pavements. It provides an overview of pavement problems like joints, different pavement designs including jointed reinforced concrete pavement (JRCP) and continuously reinforced concrete pavement (CRCP), and fiber options at different dosages. It summarizes research conducted by the Louisiana Transportation Research Center (LTRC) evaluating fatigue and toughness of FRC. The research found that macro synthetic fibers at dosages of 7.5-10.5 lbs/cu yd provided benefits over steel fibers. It concludes with summaries of several pavement projects using FRC with normal joint spacing.
The document provides information on various topics related to advanced construction technology:
1. It discusses different types of admixtures used in concrete, their functions, classifications and typical quantities used.
2. Lightweight concrete and the production of lightweight aggregates are described.
3. Shotcrete/gunite installation techniques and special concretes like ferrocement and fiber reinforced concrete are outlined.
4. Principles of pre-stressed concrete including materials, methods, advantages and causes for losses in pre-stress are summarized.
2 Latest Engineering Practices in Construction.pptxpraful76
The document discusses various methods for increasing the lifespan of reinforced concrete (RCC) structures with minimal additional costs. It highlights that building lifespan can be extended from the typical 50-60 years to the designed 100 years through improvements in material quality and construction techniques. Specifically, it recommends using higher grade concrete, steel, aggregates, and water for mixing. It also emphasizes the importance of proper curing, formwork quality, and construction methodology in increasing structural durability.
Internal Curing of Pervious Concrete using Lightweight AggregateDale Fisher
The document discusses using prewetted lightweight aggregates for internal curing of pervious concrete. It finds that mixtures containing fine lightweight aggregate had better workability, similar moisture loss, higher strength, improved freeze-thaw durability, and less shrinkage compared to a control mixture without lightweight aggregate. The degree of hydration was also significantly increased, demonstrating that lightweight aggregates can effectively provide internal curing to pervious concrete.
The document discusses erosion control materials like erosion control blankets, gabions, silt fence, and concrete revetment systems. It describes different types of erosion like sheet flow, rill erosion, gully erosion, channel scour, and erosion by wave action. It also discusses problems associated with erosion such as loss of topsoil, instability of structures, sediment migration, and damage to aquatic habitats. Finally, it provides information on specific erosion control products like erosion control blankets, sediment control berms, and turf reinforcement mats.
The document discusses various erosion control materials including blankets, gabions, silt fences, and concrete revetment systems. It describes different types of erosion such as sheet flow, rill erosion, gully erosion, channel scour, and erosion from wave action. The document notes problems associated with erosion such as loss of topsoil, instability of structures, sediment migration, and damage to aquatic habitats. It provides details on specific erosion control blankets and their uses.
This document provides an overview of concrete, including:
- Concrete is a composite material made of aggregates, cement, water, and sometimes admixtures.
- It can be cast into various shapes and its properties tailored for strength and durability.
- The cement binds the aggregates and undergoes a chemical reaction when mixed with water to harden over time.
- Concrete exists in various types for different applications and strengths. Proper mixing, curing, and testing ensure high quality concrete.
This document discusses improving the compatibility and curing of wood-cement composites. Several methods are described to enhance compatibility, including pre-treating wood to remove soluble compounds, adding cement setting accelerators like calcium chloride, and coating wood particles prior to mixing with cement. The document also discusses using carbon dioxide injection, magnesium oxychloride cement instead of Portland cement, and adding fumed silica to improve properties. Failure mechanisms of wood-cement composites like fiber fracture and pull-out are examined.
Foundation Repair Systems & Forensic Repairsjamieram
The document provides an overview of services offered by Arizona Ram Jack, LLC including helical and hydraulic piers for foundation repair, concrete waterproofing, mudjacking, microdoweling, and carbon fiber wrapping. Case studies are presented showing applications of the foundation repair techniques to resolve issues like settlement, heaving, and added capacity needs.
This document discusses various structural design considerations for concrete hydraulic structures like water tanks and reservoirs. It outlines goals of serviceability, durability, low permeability, and limiting deflections and cracks. It provides references and recommendations on concrete mix design, steel reinforcement, joint design, thickness requirements, flotation criteria, design loads, strength design methodology, and analysis methods. It also briefly mentions precast versus cast-in-place construction and provides an example project of a spillway repair.
A Designer's Introduction to the Development, Design and Application of Vinyl...Docks & Marinas, Inc.
The document provides an overview of vinyl and composite sheet pile materials for use in seawalls, bulkheads, levees, and other coastal structures. It discusses the advantages of ESP's vinyl and fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) composite sheet piles over traditional materials like steel and concrete in terms of cost, weight, durability, and resistance to corrosion and rot. The document also provides details on ESP's sheet pile profiles and material properties, design and installation considerations, and examples of completed projects using ESP sheet piles worldwide.
The document discusses autoclaved aerated concrete (AAC), including its history, manufacturing process, physical properties, advantages, and other applications. AAC was discovered in 1914 when the Swedish found that adding aluminum powder to a mixture of cement, lime, water, and sand caused it to expand. It is manufactured by mixing cement, lime, sand, water, and aluminum then autoclaving the mixture, which causes it to expand and solidify into lightweight, insulated blocks. AAC offers benefits like lightweight construction, thermal and sound insulation, fire resistance, and durability.
Concrete Cloth provides protection of culvert inverts by fastening the material to areas experiencing abrasion. It forms a new wearing surface and can prevent further damage. While Concrete Cloth extends the life of drainage structures, regular inspections are still needed. Pipes should be cleaned prior to installation, and minor repairs may be required. Concrete Cloth uses a cement composition making it durable, with abrasion resistance similar to or greater than concrete. Its fiber reinforcement prevents it from disintegrating like concrete during wear. Proper thickness should be selected based on the abrasion environment and a 25-year design life is estimated.
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Este documento discute varios temas relacionados con el concreto, incluyendo el desarrollo de especificaciones, tecnología, procesos constructivos, rol del ingeniero, responsabilidad profesional e implementación. También analiza la industria de la construcción y cómo afecta la calidad de vida. Se enfatiza la necesidad de agilizar la aceptación e implementación de nuevas tecnologías y liberar el proceso de obstáculos tradicionales. Además, explora conceptos como durabilidad, permeabilidad y cómo estas afectan el
El documento analiza el comportamiento del hormigón fresco bajo condiciones de alta evaporación. Se evaluó el efecto del tipo de cemento y el uso de aditivos. Los resultados mostraron que el viento provoca una mayor evaporación inicial pero la temperatura produce una exudación total similar. El cemento puzolanico tuvo mayor exudación que el Portland puzolanico. El uso de aditivos redujo significativamente la exudación en ambos cementos.
Este documento discute tres desafíos para mejorar la productividad en grandes obras de infraestructura y cómo se abordaron en dos proyectos específicos. En el Puerto Industrial de Açu en Brasil, se enfrentaron problemas como variaciones en el tiempo de fraguado del hormigón que se solucionaron cambiando los aditivos. En el túnel de Pajares en España, se usó hormigón de alta resistencia para las dovelas prefabricadas que mejoró la seguridad de la excavación en rocas complejas. En ambos proyectos, el
Este documento propone criterios de aceptación para hormigón proyectado utilizado en fortificación de túneles. Analiza 720 muestras de hormigón proyectado y 240 de hormigón fresco según normas chilenas e internacionales. Luego, estandariza un criterio para evaluar la resistencia que considera el número de muestras, la resistencia característica y la desviación estándar. El nuevo criterio propuesto es Rp ≥ fcil + t • σ, donde t depende del número de muestras y σ es la desviación está
Este documento describe la caracterización experimental de hormigones reforzados con fibras. Se presentan diferentes ensayos para determinar propiedades como la resistencia residual, capacidad de absorción de energía y contenido de fibras. También se discuten las normativas aplicables y criterios de aceptación. Finalmente, se concluye que la variabilidad en la distribución de fibras genera variabilidad en los resultados y que se requiere estandarizar los ensayos y criterios de evaluación.
Este documento presenta una metodología para el diseño por vida útil de hormigones basada en mediciones de permeabilidad al aire. Describe factores que afectan la durabilidad del hormigón, el método de ensayo de permeabilidad según normas suizas, y una metodología experimental-referencial que correlaciona permeabilidad con propiedades de durabilidad. Finalmente, explica cómo aplicar el método mediante mediciones en diferentes etapas de una obra para estimar su vida útil.
El documento presenta una introducción a la nanotecnología y sus aplicaciones potenciales en el hormigón. Explica brevemente los fundamentos de la nanotecnología y los principales nanomateriales como la nanosilica. Luego describe los efectos que estos nanomateriales pueden tener en las propiedades del hormigón fresco y endurecido, así como en su durabilidad. Finalmente, menciona algunas aplicaciones potenciales en pavimentos y shotcrete, y concluye que los nanomateriales pueden mejorar el desempeño del hormigón
El documento describe un nuevo tipo de hormigón estructural que flota y tiene una conductividad térmica mucho menor que el hormigón convencional, lo que mejora el aislamiento térmico de viviendas y reduce el consumo de energía para climatización. El nuevo material, llamado ThermCrete, se desarrolló mediante el diseño de su microestructura y tiene una tercera parte de la densidad y una décima parte de la conductividad térmica del hormigón convencional.
Este documento discute la importancia de una correcta especificación y certificación de sistemas de anclajes post-instalados. Explica que los anclajes deben ser probados bajo condiciones sísmicas y de fisuración para garantizar su resistencia, y que factores como la limpieza de la perforación y el procedimiento de instalación son cruciales para su desempeño. También enfatiza que las certificaciones entregan los valores reales de resistencia de un anclaje y sus modos de falla.
Este documento presenta una solución de reparación y reforzamiento estructural para 325 pilotes y 50 losas de hormigón en mal estado en un puerto del sur de Chile. La solución involucra reparar el hormigón dañado, inyectar grietas, y aplicar sistemas de reforzamiento como CFRP y FX-70 para aumentar la capacidad de carga de los elementos estructurales.
El documento describe la nueva certificación de la ACI para instaladores de anclajes. Debido a un accidente en un túnel en Boston causado por una mala instalación de anclajes, la ACI y CRSI desarrollaron un programa de certificación. El programa incluye un libro de trabajo con 8 capítulos, pruebas escritas y prácticas, y es válido por 5 años. El código ACI ahora requiere que los anclajes horizontales sean instalados por personal certificado.
Este documento describe el uso de fibra de carbono para fortalecer estructuras. Explica que la fibra de carbono reforzada con polímero (CFRP) se usa para reforzar vigas, columnas, losas y muros mediante la adhesión a la superficie. Luego presenta dos casos de estudio recientes en Chile donde se usó CFRP: el Puente Itata, donde se usaron 12 km de CFRP, y el Edificio Bloom en Santiago, donde se usó CFRP para reforzar la estructura. Finalmente, describe el software
Este documento resume los principales proyectos de túneles civiles subterráneos en Santiago, incluyendo los túneles del Acceso Nor Oriente y San Cristóbal, el túnel Vivaceta, los túneles del programa SCO2, y los túneles del proyecto Américo Vespucio Oriente. Los túneles se construyeron principalmente usando el método NATM y fueron diseñados para transporte vial, con secciones funcionales de dos a cinco pistas. El documento describe las características geológicas,
El comité técnico de shotcrete del ICH ha estado trabajando durante 15 sesiones para desarrollar una normativa nacional de shotcrete en Chile. El proyecto de norma establece procedimientos para controlar la recepción del hormigón fresco, medir las resistencias tempranas y a largo plazo, evaluar hormigones con fibra, y medir espesores de shotcrete in situ. Una vez finalizado, el proyecto de norma definirá los criterios nacionales para realizar ensayos de calidad en shotcrete.
El documento presenta la historia y evolución de los métodos constructivos utilizados en el Metro de Santiago, con énfasis en el Proyecto 63 que comprende las líneas 3 y 6. Se describe el alcance del proyecto, que incluye 28 nuevas estaciones, 37 km de red y materiales como hormigón y vías. Finalmente, se informa sobre el estado de avance, que alcanza un 69% en la línea 6 y un 39% en la línea 3, con obras en estaciones y sistemas eléctricos, entre otros.
El documento describe la tecnología Hyson-Cells, un pavimento articulado de hormigón fabricado in situ utilizando mallas de geoceldas. Un tramo piloto en Chile mostró que el pavimento Hyson-Cells tuvo deflexiones 25% menores que un pavimento de adocreto tradicional y un módulo elástico 30% mayor, lo que indica una mayor vida útil. Se necesitan mejoras en el procedimiento constructivo y en el diseño de la mezcla de hormigón para reducir grietas de retracción.
El documento describe el diseño y construcción de una capa de refuerzo con hormigón sobre un camino existente en Chile. Se realizó un diseño estructural utilizando software especializado para determinar que las losas de hormigón deberían medir 175cm x 175cm con un espesor de 23cm y una resistencia a la flexión de 5MPa. La construcción fue adjudicada a dos empresas y se estimó una duración de 9 meses avanzando 500m lineales por día.
Este documento proporciona claves para el éxito de un piso industrial, incluyendo definir las expectativas de uso, elegir el tipo de piso y refuerzo de juntas apropiados, y seguir buenas prácticas de construcción como la colocación, curado y protección del piso.
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Date: May 29, 2024
Tags: Information Security, ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, Artificial Intelligence, GDPR
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2. Internal Curing Concrete
Dr Peter Taylor
With thanks to:
John Ries, ESCSI
Dale Bentz, NIST
Jason Weiss, Oregon State
3. Internal Curing - Why
• Curing is:
• Provision of moisture and temperature to allow hydration and
minimize dimensional change
• Keep it wet
• Keep it warm
• Start early
stay late
4. • Without curing we will increase risk of
• Cracking
• Scaling
• A soft surface
• What about strength?
Internal Curing - Why
5. Internal Curing - Why
Time
Property
Continuous cure
Curing stops
Elevated temperature curing
9. • Material should
• Hold sufficient water
• Hold the water until needed and not effect w/c
• Give up water at high RH (desorption)
• Not adversely effect
the concrete quality
Internal Curing - How
13. Water Moving From Aggregate
Detector
X-ray Source
Cement Paste
LWA
Water Can Move ~2 mm after some time
Schlitter (2010)
14. Internal Curing - How
• It’s All About the Distribution
Coarse LWA Fine LWA
Henkensiefken (2008)
15. How Much?
LWA
f
LWA
S
CSC
M
φ
α
*
** max
=where
MLWA = mass of (dry) LWA needed per unit volume of concrete (kg/m3
or lb/yd3);
Cf = cement factor (content) for concrete mixture (kg/m3 or lb/yd3);
CS = chemical shrinkage of cement (mass of water/mass of cement);
αmax = maximum expected degree of hydration of cement (0 to 1);
For ordinary Portland cement, the maximum expected degree of
hydration of cement can be assumed to be 1 for w/c ≥0.36 and to
be given by [(w/c)/0.36] for w/c < 0.36.
S = degree of saturation of aggregate (0 to 1);
ΦLWA = desorption of lightweight aggregate from saturation down to
93 % RH (mass water/mass dry LWA).
Bentz & Snyder (1999), Bentz, Lura, & Roberts (2005):
𝑀𝑀𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿 =
𝐶𝐶𝑓𝑓 ∗ 𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶 ∗ α𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚
𝑆𝑆 ∗ 𝝓𝝓𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿
Or… about 7lb IC water for 100 lb cement
16. Simple IC Mixture Design
• Need 7 lbs of IC water per 100 lbs of cementitious
• 600 lbs cementitious = 42 lbs of IC water
• Assume 18% LWA absorption in the field
• Assume LWA at 55 lbs/cf
• 55 x .18 = 9.9 lb/cf water at 90% desorption 8.9
• Need 42 lbs IC water / 8.9 = 4.7 cf of LWA
• 4.7 cf x 55 lb/cf = 259 lbs of LWA aggregate
17. NY State DOT Specifications
• Proper amount of water
• 30% replacement of fine aggregate
• Minimum 15% absorbed
moisture
• Place under sprinkler
for minimum of 48 hours
• Allow stockpiles to drain
for 12 to 15 hours
immediately prior to use
18. Internal Curing - How
• Can we do without this?
• Nope
• Still have to keep the surface hydrating
• That’s where the abuse happens
19. Internal Curing - So What
• Benefits
• Better hydration & SCM reaction
• Improved durability
• Less cement
• Less shrinkage, warping, cracking
• Extended service life
• Improved economics
• Increased
sustainability
28. • Three span bridge at Pine Creek
• One half conventional (both lanes)
• Other half using Internal Curing Concrete
• About 20% (by mass) of fine aggregate replaced with light
weight aggregate
• Other mix proportions
unchanged
Buchanan County
44. Third Point Loading Test
(ASTM C 1609-10)
• Closed Loop System
• Sample Size: 6” x 6” x 20” (150mm x 150mm x 500mm)
Kaiser
45. Australian Round Determinate Panel Test
(ASTM 1550)
• Mode of failure dominated by flexure.
• This can test higher deflections compared to ASTM
1609
• 32” (810 mm) diameter x 3” (76 mm) thick panel
Kaiser
54. Conclusions
• Fibers improve fatigue performance
• Carbon fibers increase performance when dosed
above 21 pcy compared to steel
• Polypropylene fibrillated and macro fibers increase
fatigue performance when dosed correctly
• Fiber reinforcement can inhibit performance
compared to steel when overdosed, but not below
that of plain concrete
Rupnow/Kevern
55. Conclusions
• Toughness testing showed that tensile strength and
dosage rate were critical for ductility
• Fibers with increased tensile strengths had a greater
residual load carrying capacity AND carried greater
loads at larger deflections
• Pre-cracked fatigue testing showed that the length of
the fiber is also crucial to the performance
Rupnow/Kevern