Artificial Intelligence
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Artificial intelligence is the ability of computers to simulate intelligent behavior. The field began in 1956 with a conference at Dartmouth College. Early expert systems like DENDRAL and PUFF helped identify chemical compounds and diagnose medical conditions. Today, AI is used for tasks like face and speech recognition, games, finance, healthcare, communications, and research. In the future, AI may reach a singularity point where it surpasses human intelligence and radically changes civilization. While AI has provided applications across many areas, modeling human reasoning remains complex, providing ongoing challenges.
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Artificial Intelligence
- 1. Artificial Intelligence Gyan Ganga Institute of technology and Sciences By: Shubham Khandalkar 0206cs121151
- 2. Introduction What is Intelligence? Intelligence is the ability to learn, to understand, and interact with one’s environment. Intelligence is not to make no mistakes but quickly to understand how to make them good (German Poet)
- 3. What is artificial Intelligence A branch of computer science dealing with the simulation of intelligent behavior in computers It is a machine which can THINK
- 4. History of Artificial Intelligence • The field of AI research was founded at a conference on the campus of Dartmouth College in the summer of 1956 Automaton in the Swiss Museum CIMA IBM 702: computer used by first AI researchers
- 5. Turing Test In 1950, Alan Turing proposed a general procedure to test the intelligence of an agent now known as the Turing test.
- 6. Expert System • An expert system is a computer program that is designed to hold the accumulated knowledge of one or more domain experts • It reasons with knowledge of some specialist subject with a view to solving problems or giving advice • They are tested by being placed in the same real world problem solving situation DENDRAL: Used to identify the structure of chemical compounds. First used in 1965 PUFF: Medical system for diagnosis of respiratory conditions
- 7. Artificial Intelligence we use • Face recognition • Gesture recognition Speech recognition AI in games
- 8. • Buddhabot was invented by Ron Ingram. The Buddhabot is intended to inspire, entertain and bring happiness to humans. Began in July 2004 and still running. • Is the first and only AI to compete with human beings to provide the best answers on Yahoo Answers new social networking. • Is not Buddhist Name is catchy. • Can demonstrate even an average score on Yahoo! Answers which is tantamount to passing a variety of the Turing Test which proves computer consciousness. Buddhabot www.buddhabots.com
- 9. What makes an AI intelligent? • Logical Reasoning • Pattern Recognition • Imagination The true sign of intelligence is not knowledge but Imagination ~ Albert
- 10. Applications of Artificial Intelligence • Finance • Healthcare • Communications • Toys and Games • Research and Development
- 11. The Future of Artificial Intelligence
- 12. Singularity Singularity is a theoretical point in time when human technology (and, particularly, technological intelligence) will have so rapidly progressed that, ultimately, a greater-than-human intelligence will emerge, which will "radically change human civilization, and perhaps even human nature itself."
- 13. In it’s short existence, AI has provided an impressive array of application in a wide range of areas. It has sharpened understanding of human reasoning, and of the nature of intelligence in general. At the same time, it has revealed the complexity of modeling human reasoning providing new areas and rich challenges for the future. Conclusion
- 14. Artificial Intelligence Our Attempt To Build Models Of Ourselves Elaine Rich
Editor's Notes
- So lets start with our first question. What is intelligence? It is the ability to understand and learn one’s environment, and to use the environment to one’s benefit. We humans are considered the most intelligent animal on Earth. Our intelligence is the reason we are the dominant race of this planet.
- So, now that we know what intelligence is, lets turn our attention to another question. What is artificial intelligence. Artificial means that does not occur naturally. The only intelligence we have come across so far are animals (including humans). Now we have grown intelligent enough that we can build a machine to do that job too...
- The history of Artificial intelligence date back even before light bulb was invented. Earlier, automatons were built which were self operating machine or robots which resembles human or animal action. In the 17th century mathematicians explored the possibility that all rational thoughts could be made as systematic as algebra or geometry. It was not until the computer science field came into existence that the real research on Artificial intelligence was possible The research on Artificial intelligence started in mid 20th century in Dartmouth College. The journey of intelligent machines is ongoing since.
- In 1950, Alan Turing proposed a general procedure to test the intelligence of an agent now known as the Turing test. In Turing test a human judge engages in natural language conversations with a human or machine designed to reply as if it were a human. If the judge cannot reliably tell the machine from the human, the machine is said to have passed the test.
- Expert system is part of Artificial Intelligence research. (READ SLIDE) It is used as a reference tool for experts of various fields. Here are two examples of expert systems used today. Dendral: Used to identify the structure of chemical compounds. Puff: Medical system for diagnosis of respiratory conditions.
- How close are we to Artificial intellligence? Very close. Infact we have used them ourselves. Some features of Artificial Intelligence available to us are face recognition software used in cameras and for security, speech recognition, handwriting recognition etc. Those amongst who play games might have played it against AI. This AI here is abbreviation for Artificial intelligence. The first commercial use of AI was in chess. But there is no AI invented yet to beat the smartest human player. If you are familiar with the latest technology you might know that Smart TV are available now that can be controlled by our hand gestures.
- Buddhabot is a software invented by Ron Ingram. It is an AI machine made to inspire and entertain humans. It began in July 2004 and is still running. It is the first and only AI to compete with human beings to provide the best answers on Yahoo Answers site. Its the one of the most famous AI to pass the turing test which proves computer consciousness. To chat with Buddhabot you can visit its site at Buddhabots.com.
- We have seen what an AI can do. Lets now see how it does it. Logic is the process of proper inference. It is the system of thinking properly, of arriving at proper conclusions based upon principles that govern the validity of arguments. For an AI machine to work it needs to have a proper logical reasoning. It must be able to prove arguments true or false. Pattern recognition is the ability to recognize similar patterns in various form, be it audio, visual or mathematical. An AI performs this task by matching new inputs with data stored. We recognize a face because we are able to look for a pattern in it. The third important factor which makes an AI intelligent is Imagination. Yes even machines imagine now. As we saw earlier the robot tries to visualize itself and tries to generate motion hoping to move in some direction. It was able to do this because it could simulate the actions that could cause movement. In fact the greatest challenge in building an AI is imagination.
- There are lots of Application of AI today. AI is being used in the finance systems to predict market status. In healthcare to diagnose diseases. It is widely used in communications. And as we saw earlier it is commercially available in toys and games. AI is a very powerful tool in Research and development at various fields. For example AI is able to accurately predict the path of a comet with minimum human interaction required.
- I would just like rephrase the title. The future is Artificial Intelligence. We would be surrounded by it as we are surrounded by today’s technology. Soon nearly our every job will be performed by AI. From household chores to Military operations. They would be in research labs conducting experiments and in universities teaching students. I just hope that in future the machines serve us and not the other way round.
- This is the last chapter of this presentation, Singularity. Singularity is a theoretical event or a point in time when technological intelligence will have so progressed that a greater than human intelligence will emerge, which will radically change human civilisation and perhaps even human nature itself. When this time comes the will machines decide the fate of human race. It looks scary. It is.
- In its short existence, AI has provided an impressive array of applications in a wide range of areas. It has sharpened the understanding of human reasoning, and nature of intelligence in general. At the same time it has revealed the complexity of modelling human reasoning providing new areas and rich challenges for the future.