Grammar Assignment  1. Identify your most serious grammar issue(s) based on the feedback provided on your essay and other writing assignments. Some major issues include sentence structure, run-ons, comma splices, fragments, subject-verb agreement, and pronoun agreement.  *If you do not have any or many of these errors in your paper, please choose sentences to rewrite for variety and pairs of sentences to combine into compound, complex, or compound-complex sentences to improve the flow of your writing. 2. On a sheet of paper, create 2 columns. List five (5) the incorrect sentences containing these errors in the left-hand column (copy down the entire sentence, please).  If you don't find the wrong sentence, just change the right sentence to the wrong one and change it back Incorrect Correct 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Memorandum Date: 02/10/15 To: From: Subject: Gun Control PSA Analysis Attached to this email is the Gun Control PSA I created for the upcoming web campaign. In the following memo I will be explaining the intended audience, justifying my creative choices, and recommending possible changes. Intended Audience The PSA’s target market is everyone who has been affected by the epidemic of school shootings; this could be students, faculty, and anyone with a loved one in the previous groups. The target audience is the individuals who are hesitant to enact gun control legislation. The PSA focuses on this group in particular because despite the countless school shootings, many government officials and voters are reluctant to act. This legislative standstill is due to the belief that school shootings are not prevalent. Or these individuals are too far removed from the tragedy to truly empathize. Creative Choices The initial idea for the PSA was to quash any doubts the targeted audience—gun control holdouts—had about the frequency of school shootings and create immediacy to those who have experienced it. Like most Internet campaigns my PSA is short, simple, and jarring in order to maximize its impact. I will be elaborating on the following sections of my creative choices: · 911 Calls: I chose to use clips of real 911 calls from previous shootings because the raw fear and desperation in each caller’s voice creates a haunting effect. The PSA uses only seconds of each call and play them in rapid succession. This is designed to overwhelm the audience, in order to further draw attention to the high frequency of school shootings. · Simplistic visuals: The simple black background and white letters symbolizes the seriousness of the issue by providing a stark image to complement the 911 audio. I choose to list the name of the school, location, and date to authenticate that each call was from a different shooting. The blurred transition from one shooting’s copy to another implies that they occur so often as to be interchangeable. · Insanity definition: The closing of the PSA with the clinical definition of insanity was meant to ...

1. Grammar Assignment
1. Identify your most serious grammar issue(s) based on the
feedback provided on your essay and other writing assignments.
Some major issues include sentence structure, run-ons, comma
splices, fragments, subject-verb agreement, and pronoun
agreement.
*If you do not have any or many of these errors in your paper,
please choose sentences to rewrite for variety and pairs of
sentences to combine into compound, complex, or compound-
complex sentences to improve the flow of your writing.
2. On a sheet of paper, create 2 columns. List five (5) the
incorrect sentences containing these errors in the left-hand
column (copy down the entire sentence, please).
If you don't find the wrong sentence, just change the right
sentence to the wrong one and change it back
Incorrect
Correct
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Memorandum

2. Date: 02/10/15
To:
From:
Subject: Gun Control PSA Analysis
Attached to this email is the Gun Control PSA I created for the
upcoming web campaign. In the following memo I will be
explaining the intended audience, justifying my creative
choices, and recommending possible changes.
Intended Audience
The PSA’s target market is everyone who has been affected by
the epidemic of school shootings; this could be students,
faculty, and anyone with a loved one in the previous groups.
The target audience is the individuals who are hesitant to enact
gun control legislation. The PSA focuses on this group in
particular because despite the countless school shootings, many
government officials and voters are reluctant to act. This
legislative standstill is due to the belief that school shootings
are not prevalent. Or these individuals are too far removed from
the tragedy to truly empathize.
Creative Choices
The initial idea for the PSA was to quash any doubts the
targeted audience—gun control holdouts—had about the
frequency of school shootings and create immediacy to those
who have experienced it. Like most Internet campaigns my PSA
is short, simple, and jarring in order to maximize its impact. I
will be elaborating on the following sections of my creative
choices:

3. · 911 Calls: I chose to use clips of real 911 calls from previous
shootings because the raw fear and desperation in each caller’s
voice creates a haunting effect. The PSA uses only seconds of
each call and play them in rapid succession. This is designed to
overwhelm the audience, in order to further draw attention to
the high frequency of school shootings.
· Simplistic visuals: The simple black background and white
letters symbolizes the seriousness of the issue by providing a
stark image to complement the 911 audio. I choose to list the
name of the school, location, and date to authenticate that each
call was from a different shooting. The blurred transition from
one shooting’s copy to another implies that they occur so often
as to be interchangeable.
· Insanity definition: The closing of the PSA with the clinical
definition of insanity was meant to provide an intervention-like
feel. The zooming-in motion of the text is meant to overwhelm
the audience as “insanity” approaches. This contrasts with the
stability of the next image in which the PSA offers its solution.
Possible Changes
Possible changes I would make to the PSA would involve
visuals and length. I originally intended to use a volume
visualizer but I could not find a free program on the Internet.
With a volume visualizer the audio would be displayed as waves
that fluctuated with the changes in volume of the caller’s voice.
This would have provided a stronger visual because it would
emphasize each tremor and shake in the caller’s voice. I would
also have liked to add more 911 calls but there were only a
handful that have been released. This would have extended the
length of the PSA and increased effectiveness by further
overwhelming the audience by the sheer number of school
shootings.

4. Marketing Campaign/ PSA assignment Instruction:
There are two main assignments below:
1. Create a PSA video.
2. Write a formal memo write up of this PSA and the decisions
behind why you selected the images, language, music, etc.
1.PSA Video Requirements
1) When creating the PSA, be sure to discuss the Target Market
and the narrower Target Audience.
2) You can create something work related like a PSA on
coworker dress code or on improving employee health; you can
do something school related like entreating the president to
decrease tuition or something global-related like clean water for
all children or an international light initiative. You can also do
something funny, etc… (PSA Topic: No nudity or lewd PSAs;
No animal cruelty; No abortion.)
3) The PSA video should not exceed 2 minutes.
4) The PSA can be serious, heartwarming, sad, funny or
anything in between.
5) Please do not expect commercial quality recording
2.Formal Memo Requirements
1) The memorandum is used to explain and justify the decisions
for the PSA.
2) Please consider the following when writing the memo:

5. · Who is your receiver/audience and why did you target them?
· Why did you select the images, audio, background, graphics,
music, etc? What purpose do they serve to you/your receiver?
(Be very specific and detailed in your analysis of these
decisions.)
· In terms of language in your PSA, what do your words evoke?
If audio, why? If in literal writing, why? If you felt silence was
a better strategy, why?
· If there was something more you could have added, what
would that have been? Why?
· Ultimately, do you believe your PSA was successful and
would hit your intended target--why/not?
3) The memo should not exceed 2 pages in length with single
spaced, 1” margin for each, 12 fonts and Times New Roman.
(Please consider the language and descriptions carefully)
Another two attachments are the examples(Video and a
document) about this assignment. DO NOT use language from
or duplicate the style of this student's memo analysis!!!
“Letter From Birmingham Jail,” Martin Luther King Jr.
Letter from Birmingham Jail is significant for strong
argumentation to underpin social positioning concerning the
problems of racism, segregation, and inequality. Rhetorical
elements are the central tool for reasoning in the letter. Martin
Luther King emphasizes the problem of racism as the most
severe problem of American society and provides persuasive
argumentation to underpin this assumption. Therefore, the
implementation of ethos, logos, and pathos is the central
technique that reinforces the argumentation in the letter.

6. Pathos is one of the rhetorical devices that implies the
emotional framework that aims to develop a connection with the
reader. Thus, pathos is also an effective method based upon the
emotional constituent of the text. The passage about the impact
of segregation and racism is the most significant example of
pathos in the letter. The author tells about the disappointment of
a child because “Funtown is closed to colored children,” moral
suffering of young people due to disrespect of their relatives
based upon the racial prejudice, and “living constantly at tiptoe
stance, never quite knowing what to expect next” (King). These
examples evoke certain feelings that create the “connection”
between the author and the targeted audience. Consequently,
pathos is a vital element of the letter that helps to grab the
attention of society to the topic of segregation and social
injustice.
Ethos and logos are the next vital constituents that underpin the
argument with logical reasoning. At first sight, these two
devices are quite similar due to the purpose they have in the
text. Although both ethos and logos are essential for increasing
credibility and underpinning the argumentation, they also have
different features. For reason, rhetorical devices are necessary
means to persuade the target audience through reasoning and
logical argumentation. Unlike logos, the national spirit implies
the special nature involved in reasoning as the basis of
argument. Hence, logos and ethos are rhetorical elements
essential to underpin the central points of the text.
The author applies logos to make the assumptions logical and
persuasive for readers. Thus, reason and logic are the main
features of the logos aimed to persuade the reader. King
implements this technique to underpin his assumptions
concerning the problem of social injustice. For instance, the
author provides logical arguments to describe the difference
between “just” and “unjust” laws. There is the passage that
refers to logical reasoning: “Any law that uplifts human
personality is just. Any law that degrades human personality is
unjust” (King). Hence, logos make the arguments, listed in the

7. letter, sound logical and credible.
As is mentioned above, the author applied all three rhetorical
elements to provide an effective argumentation for his letter.
The ethos plays a central role in reasoning the significance of
nonviolent direct action. King involves claims of several
famous figures, such as Socrates, Martin Buber, and Paul
Tillich to confirm the credibility of his assumption (“Letter
from the Birmingham Jail”). Given the message and language of
the letter, King mainly addressed an elite audience with good
education and generally the minority groups that were oppressed
at this time. Thus, all of the listed personalities are famous
philosophers; this fact verifies the validity of the author’s
reasoning. Therefore, the main ain of the ethos is to persuade
the reader with credible reasoning.
To sum up, rhetorical devices are the primary tools applied by
King to provide persuasive reasoning. The listed examples of
ethos, logos, and pathos demonstrate the effective usage of
rhetoric to underpin the argumentation in the text. Letter from
Birmingham Jail is an example of a successful interaction of
rhetorical techniques to persuade the readers and provide
logical and credible argumentation.

8. Works Cited
King, Martin Luther. Letter from the Birmingham Jail.
AFERICAN STUDIES CENTER – UNIVERSITY OF
PENNSYLVANIA 16 April 1963