Better Business Writing Focus on These Three Parts of Communication- The Rhetorical Triangle 1. Purpose 2. Audience 3. Context Purpose Know why you are writing What are you trying to accomplish? What reaction are your trying to get? What results are you after? With every sentence ask if you are advancing the cause. Search for the best words to get your point across What do you want the reader to: Think? Feel? Do? Understand Your Readers What are their goals and priorities What pressures do they face? What motivates them? Respect Your Reader’s Time If you don’t get to your point pretty quickly, they'll ignore you At the slightest need to struggle to understand you, they’ll stop trying – and think less of you Prove quickly that you have something valuable to say Why should they read what you wrote? What’s in it for them? Words Have Consequences Words have consequences and should elicit sincere meaning. Your communication should be respectful of the audience, be clear about the purpose and relate to the context of the situation. What Have You Told Them? Consider this - what do they know that they did not know before they read your message?  What do they need to know? Were you specific? Did you give a timeline? Did you reduce their anxiety? Did you write in a way that assumes they are intelligent? What Conversation Are You Having With Yourself? When writing ask yourself: What do you want people to think after they read this message? What do you want them to do? How do you expect them to react it? Have you been as clear as possible? Are you talking to fellow employees or to shareholders and customers? Tailor Your Message To Your Audience Avoid cliché’s Eliminate jargon Simplify your message Have a sincere desire to inform Divide Your Writing Into Four Parts The Madman – who gathers the material and generate ideas The Architect – who organizes information and draws up an outline The Carpenter – who puts your thought into words – layout sentences and paragraphs The Judge – who polishes the expression, checks for tone and misinterpretation, corrects grammar and punctuation Organizing Paragraphs A paragraph is a unit of thought, not of length. It makes a point, a point different from what the previous paragraph made and different from what the next one will make. A bad paragraph is one where the reader has no idea until the end what the point is. Good Paragraph Construction 1. Say it 2. Explain it 3. Detail it 4. Say it again Say It The condition of the Baker Company is poor in every respect. Explain It Stock price, debt, and sales. Detail It 1. Forbes magazine singled Baker out recently as an example of overpriced stock. 2. Debt has mounted to the point where it is eight times equity. 3. And sales have declined from $1.1 million to $725,000 in only a few years. Say It Again Nothing favorable can be said about the company’s fin.

1. Better Business Writing
Focus on These Three Parts of Communication- The Rhetorical
Triangle
1. Purpose
2. Audience
3. Context
Purpose
Know why you are writing
What are you trying to accomplish?
What reaction are your trying to get?
What results are you after?
With every sentence ask if you are advancing the cause.
Search for the best words to get your point across

2. What do you want the reader to:
Think?
Feel?
Do?
Understand Your Readers
What are their goals and priorities
What pressures do they face?
What motivates them?
Respect Your Reader’s Time
If you don’t get to your point pretty quickly, they'll ignore you
At the slightest need to struggle to understand you, they’ll stop
trying – and think less of you
Prove quickly that you have something valuable to say
Why should they read what you wrote? What’s in it for them?

3. Words Have Consequences
Words have consequences and should elicit sincere meaning.
Your communication should be respectful of the audience, be
clear about the purpose and relate to the context of the
situation.
What Have You Told Them?
Consider this - what do they know that they did not know before
they read your message?
What do they need to know?
Were you specific?
Did you give a timeline?
Did you reduce their anxiety?
Did you write in a way that assumes they are intelligent?
What Conversation Are You Having With Yourself?
When writing ask yourself: What do you want people to think
after they read this message? What do you want them to do?
How do you expect them to react it? Have you been as clear as
possible?

4. Are you talking to fellow employees or to shareholders and
customers?
Tailor Your Message To Your Audience
Avoid cliché’s
Eliminate jargon
Simplify your message
Have a sincere desire to inform
Divide Your Writing Into Four Parts
The Madman – who gathers the material and generate ideas
The Architect – who organizes information and draws up an
outline
The Carpenter – who puts your thought into words – layout
sentences and paragraphs
The Judge – who polishes the expression, checks for tone and
misinterpretation, corrects grammar and punctuation
Organizing Paragraphs

5. A paragraph is a unit of thought, not of length.
It makes a point, a point different from what the previous
paragraph made and different from what the next one will make.
A bad paragraph is one where the reader has no idea until the
end what the point is.
Good Paragraph Construction
1. Say it
2. Explain it
3. Detail it
4. Say it again
Say It
The condition of the Baker Company is poor in every respect.
Explain It
Stock price, debt, and sales.

6. Detail It
1. Forbes magazine singled Baker out recently as an example of
overpriced stock.
2. Debt has mounted to the point where it is eight times equity.
3. And sales have declined from $1.1 million to $725,000 in
only a few years.
Say It Again
Nothing favorable can be said about the company’s finances.
Outlook Bleak For Baker Co.
The condition of the Baker Company is poor in every respect.
Their negative financial position is reflected in their lower
stock price, increased debt, and declining sales. As a result, I
recommend that we divest of all our holdings of Baker company
stock as soon as possible.
Forbes magazine singled Baker out recently as an example of
overpriced stock. (This statement can be supported with
additional sentences explaining facts such as the current price
of the stock compared to the stock price at an earlier period.)
Their debt has mounted to the point where it is eight times

7. equity. (Additional sentences can be added here discussing
dates and the amount of debt at one time compared to another.
Other companies in the same industry can be researched to
provide relevant comparison data that would add to the
conversation).
And sales have declined from $1.1 million to $725,000 in only a
few years. (Here you can give a history of the company, how it
got started, its biggest products and/or customers, the type of
industry it is in, trends in that industry, major competitors,
outside threats, what differentiates the company and gives it a
sustainable competitive advantage).
Therefore, I recommend that we divest of all our shares of
Baker Company stock immediately.
Construct It Together Logically
1. Present the main conclusion first, make sure its clear.
2. Provide specifics to document it.
3. Remind your reader what the point is.

8. AMS 100: INDIAN IMAGE ON FILM
Take Home Exam
Professor Theresa McCarthy
Distribution Date: Dec 4, 2018
Due Date: Final take-home exams are to be submitted in person,
in hardcopy to room
1002 Clemens Hall (the office of Asri Saroswati )on Tuesday
Dec 11th between 2:00-
4:00pm (or earlier). NO EXCEPTIONS!
EARLY SUBMISSION INSTRUCTIONS: If you complete your
exam before the Dec
11th deadline you may submit a hard copy to my mailbox
located in room 1010 Clemens
Hall during business hours (9am-5pm). After hours you can slip
your hard copy beneath
my office door. If you do submit early please send me email
verification that you have
done so. This exam is worth 25% of your overall grade!
***In order for your exam to be graded, you must also upload
an electronic copy
into the SafeAssign link found in Course Assignments on
UBlearns. Please
upload your exam as a single file.
Instructions: Please complete the Part 1: Mandatory question
and your choice of ONE
question from Part 2 and ONE question from Part 3. Minimum
page requirements for
each answer are listed below. Each answer is to be properly
formatted (typed, double
spaced, with citations, reference page, etc.). Remember that

9. although this is a take-home
exam, it is not a collaborative exercise. You must work
independently as any suspicious
resemblances between student responses to these questions will
be penalized. As with
any take-home exam essays, always retain a copy for your
personal records.
Answers will be graded on the basis of your ability to integrate
and synthesize necessary
and relevant materials from this course, including readings,
lectures, and discussion
questions along with the films that have been screened. You are
not required or expected
to do additional outside research to answer these questions.
Answers must show evidence
of your engagement with the assigned readings, class lectures,
discussion questions, and
your own thinking. Helpful Hint – Use the Discussion
Questions to help structure your
answers. Answers awarded higher grades will be distinguished
on the basis of levels of
creativity, insight, analysis and critical thinking. Each answer
will be graded in
correspondence with a letter grade scale (A- to A, excellent to
exceptional; B- to B+,
good to very good; to C- to C+, adequate to satisfactory; D,
below adequate; F, Fail).
Each answer will be graded on a letter grade scale and the
combined average of each will
give you your final grade on this exam.
Over

10. Part 1: Mandatory Question (answer in 3 pages minimum-
recommended) 15 points:
1) Representing Indigenous experiences, realities, and
knowledge are vitally
important priorities in the work that Native and some non-
Native allied filmmakers
have undertaken in refashioning Indigenous images on film.
This includes making
films that engage Native language use, sacred history, oral
traditions, ceremonial
knowledge, relationships to the land/nature, storytelling,
understandings of family
and community, kinship, roles and responsibilities, relating the
importance of
culture and/or contemporary identity and colonial struggles.
Discuss the
significance of no less than THREE of these Indigenous
priorities in THREE of the
feature length films viewed in class since the midterm. What
effect did the
presentation of Indigenous priorities have on you as a viewer?
(note: Do not engage
Wind River for this question)
Part 2: Pick ONE of the following (answer in 2 pages minimum)
10 points:
1) How do your choices of TWO of the following films
(Atanarjuat, Smoke Signals,

11. Rhymes for Young Ghouls, Drunktown’s Finest) revise
conventional images of
Indians on film? How do these films counter hegemonic
representations of
Indigenous peoples? How can these films be understood as acts
of sovereignty
given the historical context of Indian Images on film?
2) Discuss of the significance of Indigenous aesthetics
(Indigenous artistic
expression) in TWO of the following films: Smoke Signals,
Atanarjuat. Rhymes
for Young Ghouls, Drunktown’s Finest. What types of
challenges do the distinct
stories, plotlines, characters, issues, cinematic techniques etc.,
present for the
mainstream viewing audience? Why do you think Native
filmmaker’s feel
engaging these challenges was important?
Part 3: Pick ONE of the following (answer in 2 pages minimum)
10 points:
1) How do films like Rabbit Proof Fence, Rhymes for Young
Ghouls, and the
documentary Unseen Tears help audiences to confront the
realities of the
historical mistreatment of Indigenous people? What realities do
they bring to

12. light and why is the representation of these historical realities
through film so
important? Be sure to talk about the kinds of ideas about Native
people that
permitted the establishment of laws and institutions designed to
eradicate
Indigenous cultures and people. What does this bring to your
understanding of
the role of images in upholding colonialism?
2) How would you organize a lecture based on a screening of
the film Wind River
(2017) using materials from this course (readings, class
lecture/discussion points,
scenes from the film). Providing context for the realities
involving violence
against Indigenous women presented in the film, discuss three
points of value
you would make about this film. Based upon what you have
learned in this
course, what three criticisms would you make about the
representation of Native
peoples and realities in this film (be sure to state the
significance of these
critiques). What important distinctions need to be made between
Wind River as a
vengeance film, and Rhymes for Young Ghouls as a vengeance
film.
3) Evaluate how Indigenous women are represented in TWO of
the following films:
Rabbit Proof Fence, Rhymes for Young Ghouls, Drunktown’s
Finest. How do

13. these portrayals of Indigenous women disrupt or confirm the
stereotypes, images
and conventions we’ve examined this semester? Which ones fit
with more
positive portrayals and images of Indigenous women, and why
is this significant.
Bonus Question (answer in ½ to 1 page) 5 points:
If you were asked to make a presentation on one of the films
from the second half
of this course, which would you choose and why. Outline the
points or comments
or arguments would you emphasize about the film to help a
class understand its
significance more thoroughly. (Point form answer is fine for
this question only)
The End
Nya: weh (Thank-you) for taking this course and Good Luck!
Sheet1Consultant ReportPlease use this rubric as a guide for
writing your Consultant Report assignment. Your reader will
use this rubric to determine whether you have successfully
completed this assignment module by (a) writing a persona
profile, (b) completing all the requirements and (c) observing
grammar and spelling rules. Elements Completed 2
pts.Developing: 1.5 pt.Needs Improvement: 1 pt.Not Addressed:
0 pt.Thesis StatementProvided a clear, concise thesis (position,

14. conclusion, recommendation) in the first paragraph.Thesis
Statement is provided, but is weak or unclear.Thesis Statement
has grammatical errors.No thesis statement. Completed 2
pt.Developing: 1.5 pt.Needs Improvement: 1 pt.Not Addressed:
0 pt.Predicted OrderProvided a preview of the reports sections
with a predicted order that was clearly evident. List
recommendations and clea suggestons for solving the
problem.Contains a Predicted Order, but is poorly worded and
the recommendations or suggestions are unclear.The order of
sentences and the recommendation are presented in
order.Predicted Order is missing. Completed 2 pts.Developing:
1.5 pt.Needs Improvement: 1 pts.Not Addressed: 0 pt.Concise
PresentationAvoided unnecessary detail in the first
paragraph.Thesis paragraph contains some unnecessary
detail.Thesis paragraph is full of unnecessary and extra detail
making it difficult to identify thesis and predicted order.No
sequence to the sentence order Completed 2 pt.Developing: 1.5
pt.Needs Improvement: 1 pt.Not Addressed: 0 pt.Quality of
WritingHad no spelling or grammar errors, and used appropriate
voice to address reader’s expectations.Had a few spelling and
grammar errors which did not affect reader’s understanding, and
somewhat addressed the expectations of the reader.Spelling
errors and difficulty understanding the suggestions.Writing is
difficult to understand. Completed 2 pt.Developing: 1.5
pt.Needs Improvement: 1 pt.Not Addressed: 0
pt.SummaryConcluded the section with a summary sentence that
neither changed nor extended the key point or points presented
in the first “say-it sentence”.Concluded the section with a
summary sentence that somewhat aligned with the say-it but
that did not support the thesis.Did not include a summary
sentence that aligned with the say-it sentence or that supported
the thesis.No summary is provided.