In this booklet, students may learn the most important English grammar rules. It focused on the parts of speech.
The grammar collected from some English grammar website such as "English Page" /www.englishpage.com
I tried to make it more easier for the students to study from one source.
All words belong to categories called word classes (or parts of speech) according to the part they play in a sentence. The main word classes in English are:
- Noun
- Verb
- Adjective
- Adverb
- Pronoun
- Conjunction
- Determiner
- Exclamation
- Preposition
Arabic grammar 2: ¨ Basics on verbs ¨ illustrates the necessary details that every Arabic learner should know, and serve beside the previous slides ¨ Arabic grammar 1: Basic son nouns ¨ as a good background to move towards deep knowledge in Arabic grammar.
All words belong to categories called word classes (or parts of speech) according to the part they play in a sentence. The main word classes in English are:
- Noun
- Verb
- Adjective
- Adverb
- Pronoun
- Conjunction
- Determiner
- Exclamation
- Preposition
Arabic grammar 2: ¨ Basics on verbs ¨ illustrates the necessary details that every Arabic learner should know, and serve beside the previous slides ¨ Arabic grammar 1: Basic son nouns ¨ as a good background to move towards deep knowledge in Arabic grammar.
1Unit ILesson 6 Grammar and StyleAdjectives and Adverbs.docxfelicidaddinwoodie
1
Unit I
Lesson 6: Grammar and Style
Adjectives and Adverbs
Adjectives
Adjectives are modifiers: Modifiers include words, phrases, and clauses.
Adjectives modify or say something about a noun or a pronoun. Adjectives can tell what color, how many, how big or small, in fact just about anything about the words they modify.
There are several very specific things about adjectives that we have to be aware of as we write and speak:
1. One common error in slang, low diction, and conversational English is to misuse an adjective to modify another adjective.
For example:
He is real tall.
Here the word real is an adjective, but it cannot modify another adjective, tall.
The correct form would be, “He is really tall.” In this case, really, an adverb, can modify the adjective tall.
Another example:
Yesterday I was real sick the whole time at school
Here real attempts to modify the adjective sick. As above, an adjective can never modify another adjective.
The correct form would be, “Yesterday I was really sick the whole time at school.”
2. Adjectives conform to particular and traditional positions, in English usually immediately before what they modify.
Most of the time, adjectives come directly in front of the word they are modifying.
For example:
She drove a new pink Mercedes.
The hot, roaring fire engulfed the house.
In both cases here, there are two adjectives in front of the words they modify.
Another common position for the adjective is at the end of the sentence. This common structure takes the form of subject + linking verb + adjective. Many of these structures, as you will see, are common everyday expressions.
For example:
The quarterback for the opposing team is extremely tall.
Here the adjective tall modifies the subject of the sentence, quarterback.
Sharks in these waters have been known to be very aggressive.
Here the adjective aggressive modifies the subject, sharks.
Food in this part of New Orleans is generally accepted to be very expensive.
Here the adjective expensive modifies the subject, food.
3. Adjectives also normally appear in three different forms, depending on what they are modifying and the context. These are called the positive, what you might call the normal or typical form of the adjective; the comparative, used when you are comparing two items; and the superlative, used when you are comparing one item to three or more other similar items.
For example:
Positive Comparative Superlative
fast faster fastest
good better best
smooth smoother smoothest
Note that adjectives of multiple syllables have to use more and most to make their comparative and superlative forms:
Positive Comparative Superlative
Redolent more redolent most redolent
Note that you could not say redolenter or redolentest.
Fragrant more fragrant most fragrant
Again, there are no such words as fragranter or fragrantest.
Also note that you cannot mix the two forms—that is, add more or most to a form that is made by ...
What is an Adverbial Phrase Types & Format with Examples.pdfChloe Cheney
What is an adverbial? Do you know how often we use adverbial phrases in our daily speech? Learn about its types, formats, and examples through our private English tutors and blogs.
Parts of speech || Grammar Series|| Dr. Anukriti Sharma||Dr. Anukriti Sharma
In this presentation, we will learn about parts of speech or word class. This helps you to analyze sentences and understand them and also helps you to construct good sentences.
New headway plus - units 1-3
(beginners level)
This file for both teachers and students. It covers the most important words from unit 1 to 3
-------------------------------------------------
هذا الملف يحوي على معاني الكلمات باللغة العربية
و كذلك باللغة الانجليزية مع وجود امثلة مصورة ايضا
-------------------
إعداد الأستاذ: حسين سعيد الغاوي
Oil & Gas 1 book
units 1-4
-------------------------------
This file is made for oil and gas trainees/students to learn more vocab about their field to improve their job and English skills.
-----------------------
هذا الملف مخصص لطلاب شركات النفط و الغاز
بتعلم مفردات في نفس المجال
------------------
إعداد الأستاذ حسين سعيد الغاوي
Oil & Gas 1 book
units 5-8
-------------------------------
This file is made for oil and gas trainees/students to learn more vocab about their field to improve their job and English skills.
-----------------------
هذا الملف مخصص لطلاب شركات النفط و الغاز
بتعلم مفردات في نفس المجال
------------------
إعداد الأستاذ حسين سعيد الغاوي
Types of reading questions
A useful file to help students to improve their reading skills. Also, It helps students to get a higher marks in IELTS or TOEFL
----------------------------------------
هذا الملف يحوي على جميع أنواع الاسئلة التي من المتوقع تواجه الطلاب اثناء اختبارات التوفل أو الايلتس
----------------------------------------------------
إعداد الأستاذ حسين سعيد الغاوي
What is time management?
Time Management Definition.
The Importance of Time Management?
Time Management and people.
Time Management skills.
--------------------------------------------------
هذا الملف يحوي كل ما يتعلق بموضوع ادارة الوقت و اهميته
------------------
إعداد الأستاذ حسين سعيد الغاوي
Forming nouns, adjectives, and adverbs
----------------------------
This file is very good for beginners and intermediate levels in English. Students can learn more vocabulary and examples
---------------------------------------------
إعداد الأستاذ حسين سعيد الغاوي
-----------------------------------
هذا الملف لمساعدة طلاب اللغة الانجليزية لمعرفة طريقة تكوين الكلمات المتعلقة بالاسماء و الصفات و الحال مع وجود امثلة لكل نوع
Daily planner 2021 - Al-ghawi
This file is very good to organize your plan or tasks each day
2021 calendar
----------------------------
هذا الملف لتنظيم الاعمال و الواجبات اليومية خلال عام 2021
-----------------------------------------
إعداد الأستاذ حسين سعيد الغاوي
English flashcards 1
A very helpful file for Kids to learn the English alphabet and numbers. Kids can learn from this file over 30 words!
----------------------------------------
إعداد الأستاذ حسين سعيد الغاوي
-------------------------------------
يمكن للاطفال ان تتعلم من هذا الملف الحروف و الاقام و بعض الكلمات البسيطة و الاساسية
Types of sweets - English vocabulary
This poster is very useful to help students learn more vocabulary about types of sweet.
--------------------------------
تم عمل هذا البوستر لمساعدة الطلاب في تعلم مفردات جديدة عن أنواع الحلويات
إعداد الأستاذ حسين سعيد الغاوي
hotel phrases in English
A very short and basic conversation in English to talk and use hotel phrases. It is very good for beginners level in English
------------------------------
ملف يحوي على مصطلحات و عبارات بسيطة و التي تسنخدم في الفنادق
إعداد الأستاذ حسين سعيد الغاوي
English articles - Grammar
A useful for file to teach and learn about the grammar rule "articles"
a
an
the
Teachers can use this file to support their lesson plans
health and fitness. A useful file about health and fitness. it covers some topics:
1. health
2. Nutrition and food
3. exercise and sport safety
4. obesity
5. the dangers of smoking
Adverb of frequency. A useful file for ESL teachers to support their lesson plans with providing examples. Students can review this file by themselves and learn the grammar rule
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp NetworkTechSoup
Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Acetabularia Information For Class 9 .docxvaibhavrinwa19
Acetabularia acetabulum is a single-celled green alga that in its vegetative state is morphologically differentiated into a basal rhizoid and an axially elongated stalk, which bears whorls of branching hairs. The single diploid nucleus resides in the rhizoid.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Francesca Gottschalk - How can education support child empowerment.pptxEduSkills OECD
Francesca Gottschalk from the OECD’s Centre for Educational Research and Innovation presents at the Ask an Expert Webinar: How can education support child empowerment?
2. 1
Parts of Speech
1. Noun/االسماء
This part of a speech refers to words that are used to name persons, things, animals,
places, ideas, or events.
االشخاص اسماء على تطلق االنجليزية باللغة االسماء،االماكن ،الحيوانات ،االشياء ،.المناسبات بعض او االفكار و
Examples/:أمثلة
▪ Ali is very handsome. (The word “Ali” refers to a name of a person.)
▪ Dogs can be extremely cute. (The word “dogs” refers to a name of an animal.)
▪ It is my birthday. (The word “birthday” is a noun which refers to an event.)
Parts of
speech
Nouns
Verbs
Pronouns
Adjective
AdverbPreposition
Conjection
Article
Interjection
3. 2
There are different types of nouns namely/ هناكتصنيفاتهي التي األسماء من مختلفة :
▪ Proper Nouns: always start with a capital letter and refers to specific names of persons,
places, or things. Examples: Ahmed, Riyadh, English.
.اعاله ذكر كما غيرها و االشياء و االماكن و االشخاص اسماء على تطلق دائما التي االسماء عن عبارة هي
▪ Common Nouns: are the opposite of proper nouns. These are just generic names of persons,
things, or places. Examples: car, pizza parlor, TV series
الشركة نحدد بدون السيارة اسم نطلق مثال ، اكثر تحديد بدون االسماء تكون حيث ،السابق النوع عكس االسماء من النوع هذا
لها المصنعةموديلها او
▪ Countable Nouns Examples: teacher - school – city – country
▪ Uncountable Nouns Examples: rice – water – milk – grammar – money
= (مدرسة مثال جمع او مفردة تكون قد اسماء هي المعدودة االسماء . المعدودة غير و المعدودة االسماء يخص النوع هذامدارس)و
حرف بإضافة تمتاز(S.فقط المفرد صيغة في اال تأتي ال فهي المعدودة غير االسماء اما .منها الجمع حالة لتوضيح الكلمة نهاية على )
------------------------------------------------------
2. Adjective/الصفات
This part of speech is used to describe a noun or a pronoun. Adjectives can specify the
quality, the size, and the number of nouns or pronouns.
Examples:
▪ I have two cars. (Two: is an adjective which describes the number of the noun “cars.”)
▪ Wow! That doughnut is huge! (Huge: is an adjective which describes the size of the noun “doughnut.”)
بالجملة االسم/الفاعل حالة بتوضيح تهتم هي و الصفات–جائع :مثال–متوتر–قلق-خائف
3. Pronoun/ الضمائر
A pronoun is a part of a speech which functions as a replacement for a noun. Some
examples of pronouns are: I, it, he, she, mine, his, hers, we, they, theirs, and ours.
Sample Sentences:
▪ She called her sister.
▪ The largest car is mine.
▪ We are the best group.
الضمائروهيتؤدينفسالدورمناالسماءوتستخدملتقليلتكراراالسماءبشكل.متكرروتنقسمالىعدةاقساموهم
5. 4
▪ Adverb of place: anywhere – near – far – nearby – outside – toward – indoor- outdoor.
▪ Adverb of Degree: almost – highly – fully- totally – deeply – simply – really.
الفاعل ليس و الفعل حالة بتوضيح لكن و تماما كالصفات وظيفته الحال–حركة ان هنا ذكرنا ( ببطء يمشي علي مثال
)بطيئة علي( باضافة الحال في الكلمات تنتهي االغلب في و .lyالكلمة نهاية على )–: مثالnicely-slowly
5. Verbs/ االفعال
This is the most important part of a speech, for without a verb, a sentence would not
exist. Simply put, this is a word that shows an action (physical or mental) or state of being of the
subject in a sentence.
Examples:
▪ As usual, Mohammed missed his shot.
▪ They are always prepared in emergencies
االسماء مع الكالم أقسام اركان من ركن اهم يعتبر و االفعال–و خاطئة جملة تعتبر فهي فعل او اسم من تخلو جملة أي
.العمل/الملخص هذا في االفعال انواع الحقا يوضح سوف .نفسه الفعل هو ما او بالفعل قام من مفهومة غير
6. Preposition/ الجر حروف
This part of a speech basically refers to words that specify location or a location in time.
المكان لتمييز حروف و الزمان لتمييز حروف نوعين الى تنقسم و الجر حروف
Examples:
▪ Micah is hiding under the bed.
▪ During the game, the audience never stopped cheering for their team.
List Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Example 4 Example 5
On On Sunday
(Day)
On Monday
evening
(Day + time)
On my birthday
(special day)
On the weekend
(U.S)
On Christmas
(holiday)
In In the mooring In Qatif
(city)
In Canada
(country)
In 2009
(year)
In summer
(season)
at At night At 10:30
(hour)
At midnight At
sunrise/sunset
At king Saud
University
(specific place)
6. 5
7. Conjunction
The conjunction is a part of a speech which joins words, phrases, or clauses together.
Examples of Conjunctions: and, yet, but, for, nor, or, and so
حروف:الوصل/االقترانوهيتعملعلىربطالكلمةاوجملةباخرىبدالمنتكراربعضاالسماءاوالضمائركل.حين
Examples:
▪ This cup of tea is delicious and very soothing.
▪ Kiyoko has to start all over again because she didn’t follow the professor’s instructions.
▪ Homer always wanted to join the play, but he didn’t have the guts to audition.
The italicized words in the sentences above are some examples of conjunctions.
8. Interjection/ التعجب
This part of a speech refers to words which express emotions. Since interjections are
commonly used to convey strong emotions, they are usually followed by an exclamation point.
االكاديمية الكتابات في العبارات هذه تواجد نادرا و االغلب على الحديث أثناء ما فعل ردة الظهار تستخدم و :التعجب
Examples:
▪ Ouch! That must have hurt.
▪ Hurray, we won!
▪ Hey! I said enough!
7. 6
Types of Verbs/ االفعال أنواع
It is extremely important to understand that NOT all English verbs are the same. English verbs
are divided into three groups: Normal Verbs, Non-Continuous Verbs, and Mixed Verbs.
ال التي االفعال ،العادية االفعال هم و رئيسية مجموعات ثالث الى تصنف االفعالاالفعال كذلك و المستمرة باالزمنة تأتي
.المشتركة
1. Group I Normal Verbs/ الطبيعية أو العادية االفعال
Most verbs are "Normal Verbs." These verbs are usually physical actions which you can
see somebody doing. These verbs can be used in all tenses SUCH AS: run, walk, eat, fly, go, say,
touch, etc.
.بالجملة الفاعل/االسم به قام الذي الفعل نوع لتوضيح االفعال من االنواع هذه
Examples:
• I eat dinner every day.
• I am eating dinner now.
2. Group II Non-Continuous Verbs/ المستمرة باالزمنة تأتي ال التي االفعال
The second group, called "Non-Continuous Verbs," is smaller. These verbs are usually things
you cannot see somebody doing. These verbs are rarely used in continuous tenses. They include:
a) Abstract Verbs: to be, want, cost, seem, need, care, contain, owe, exist...
b) Possession Verbs: possess, own, belong...
c) Emotion Verbs: like, love, hate, dislike, fear, envy, mind...
المستمرة االزمنة في يأتي ان يمكن ال االفعال من النوع هذا–( حروف اضافة يمكن ال انه بمعنىingكما الكلمة نهاية على )
.ادناه االمثلة في
Examples:
• He is needing help now. Not Correct/ صحيحة غير جملة
• He needs help now. Correct/ صحيحة جملة
• He is wanting a drink now. Not Correct/ صحيحة غير جملة
• He wants a drink now. Correct/ صحيحة جملة
3. Group III Mixed Verbs/ المشتركة االفعال
The third group, called "Mixed Verbs," is the smallest group. These verbs have more than one
meaning. In a way, each meaning is a unique verb. Some meanings behave like "Non-
Continuous Verbs," while other meanings behave like "Normal Verbs."
االف من الثالث النوع هذاالثاني و االول النوع بين ما يجمع عال–ادناه االمثلة الحظ
8. 7
List of Mixed Verbs with Examples and Definitions:
Appear:
• Donna appears confused. Non-Continuous Verb (Donna seems confused.)
• My favorite singer is appearing at the jazz club tonight. Normal Verb
My favorite singer is giving a performance at the jazz club tonight.
Have:
• I have a dollar now. Non-Continuous Verb (I possess a dollar.)
• I am having fun now. Normal Verb (I am experiencing fun now.)
Hear:
• She hears the music. Non-Continuous Verb (She hears the music with her ears.)
• She is hearing voices. Normal Verb (She hears something others cannot hear. She is
hearing voices in her mind.)
Look:
• Nancy looks tired. Non-Continuous Verb (She seems tired.)
• Farah is looking at the pictures. Normal Verb (She is looking with her eyes.)
See:
• I see her. Non-Continuous Verb (I see her with my eyes.)
• I am seeing the doctor. Normal Verb (I am visiting or consulting with a doctor.
Smell:
• The coffee smells good. Non-Continuous Verb (The coffee has a good smell.)
• I am smelling the flowers. Normal Verb (I am sniffing the flowers to see what their smell is like.)
Taste:
• The coffee tastes good. Non-Continuous Verb (The coffee has a good taste.)
• I am tasting the cake. Normal Verb (I am trying the cake to see what it tastes like.)
Think:
• He thinks the test is easy. Non-Continuous Verb (He considers the test to be easy.)
• She is thinking about the question. Normal Verb (She is pondering the question, going over it
in her mind.)
Some Verbs Can Be Especially Confusing:
To be:
• Joe is American. Non-Continuous Verb (Joe is an American citizen.)
• Joe is being very American. Normal Verb (Joe is behaving like a stereotypical American.)
9. 8
Verb tenses/ االفعال أزمنة
Verb tenses tell us how an action relates to the flow of time. There are three main verb
tenses in English: present, past and future. The present, past, future tenses are divided into
four aspects: the simple, progressive, perfect and perfect progressive. There are 12 major verb
tenses that English learners should know.
(الماضي الفعل حدوث زمن توضيح بسبب للجمل الفقري العمود تكون قد االفعال ازمنة–المضارع–كل ينقسم و )المستقبل
المجموع ليكون اقسام اربعة الى منهم واحد12.اعاله السابقة الثالثة االصول من متفرع زمن
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1. Simple Present/ البسيط المضارع
USE 1: Repeated Actions/ اليومي بالروتين يسمى ما او الفعل تكرار دائمة
Use the Simple Present to express the idea that an action is repeated or usual. The action can be a habit, a
hobby, a daily event, a scheduled event or something that often happens.
االعام مدار على او حياتنا في يومي او متكرر بشكل تحدث روتينة اشياء الى يعود الزمن لهذا االول الستخدام.
10. 9
USE 2: Facts or Generalizations/ العامة المعلومات و الحقائق
The Simple Present can also indicate the speaker believes that a fact was true before, is true now, and will
be true in the future. It is also used to make generalizations about people or things.
.الزمان مدى على تغيرها عدم و المعلومة ثبات بسبب ذلك و العامة الحقائق او المعلومات جميع به يقصد و الثاني االستخدام
Examples:
• Cats like milk. - Birds do not like milk.
• California is in America. - California is not in the United Kingdom.
• Windows are made of glass. - Windows are not made of wood.
USE 3: Scheduled Events in the Near Future/ العام مدار على المجدولة المناسبات
Speakers occasionally use Simple Present to talk about scheduled events in the near future. This
is most commonly done when talking about public transportation, but it can be used with other
scheduled events as well.
عدة وجود به يقصد و الثالث االستخدامالمناسبات من غيرها و القدر ليلة ،االعياد مثال السنين مدى على ثابته مناسبات
الطيران ،الباصات مواعيد جدولة مثال العام مدار على مناسبات او .الساعة قيام لغاية قائمة تظل سوف حيث االسالمية
Examples:
• The train leaves tonight at 6 PM.
• The bus does not arrive at 11 AM, it arrives at 11 PM.
USE 4: Now (Non-Continuous Verbs) "االن"غير لالفعالالمستمرة
Speakers sometimes use the Simple Present to express the idea that an action is happening or is
not happening now. This can only be done with Non-Continuous Verbs and certain Mixed Verbs.
االخالل بدون اللحظات بهذه ما شيء حدوث الفاعل يريد عندما يستخدم و الرابع االستخدامبإستخدام ذلك و االخرى باالزمنة
( اضافة تقبل ال التي المناسبة االفعال بعضing.الكلمة نهاية على )
Examples:
• I am here now. - She is not here now.
• He needs help right now. - He does not need help now.
11. 10
ADVERB PLACEMENT: always, only, never, ever, still, just, etc.
Examples:
• You only speak English. - Do you only speak English?
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2. Simple Past/ البسيط الماضي
USE 1: Completed Action in the Past/ بالماضي الفعل انتهاء او اكتمال
Use the Simple Past to express the idea that an action started and finished at a specific time in the
past. Sometimes, the speaker may not actually mention the specific time, but they do have one
specific time in mind.
بالماض انتهى و بدا ما فعل اي عن الحديث عند الماضي زمن يستخدممن تكون فربما الفعل من انتهاء مدة عن النظر بغض ي
الساعة مثل مضت معدودة ثواني او الماضية السنين مئات–من اصبحت النها العمر من مضت ثانية اي تعود ان يمكن ال
.الماضي
Examples:
• I saw a movie yesterday. - I didn't see a play yesterday.
• Last year, I traveled to Japan. - Last year, I didn't travel to Korea.
• Did you have dinner last night? - She washed her car.
12. 11
USE 2: A Series of Completed Actions/ بالماضي مكتملة افعال عدة حدوث
We use the Simple Past to list a series of completed actions in the past. These actions happen 1st,
2nd, 3rd, 4th, and so on.
.جميعها منها االنتهاء تم قد و متالحق بشكل او معين بوقت افعال عدة حدثت انه هنا به يقصد
Examples:
• I finished work, walked to the beach, and found a nice place to swim.
• Did you add flour, pour in the milk, and then add the eggs?
USE 3: Duration in Past/ الماضي بزمن المدة
The Simple Past can be used with a duration which starts and stops in the past. A duration is a
longer action often indicated by expressions such as: for two years, for five minutes, all day, all
year, etc.
الز المدة تحديد مع لكن و ما فعال وقوع هنا به يقصد.الزمن من استغرقت كم او له منية
Examples:
• I lived in Brazil for two years. - Shauna studied Japanese for five years.
• They sat at the beach all day. - They did not stay at the party the entire time.
• A: How long did you wait for them? - B: We waited for one hour.
USE 4: Habits in the Past/ بالماضي هوايات
The Simple Past can also be used to describe a habit which stopped in the past. It can have the
same meaning as "used to."
.المستقبل او الحالي بالوقت مزوالتها عن توقف و بالماضي سابقة هوايات عن الحديث هنا يقصد
Examples:
• I studied English when I was a child.
• He didn't play the piano.
• She worked at the movie theater after school.
• They never went to school, they always skipped class.
13. 12
USE 5: Past Facts or Generalizations/ ماضية العامة معلومات و حقائق
The Simple Past can also be used to describe past facts or generalizations which are no longer
true. As in USE 4 above, this use of the Simple Past is quite similar to the expression "used to."
الماضي من جزء كانت حقائق او معلومات عن الحديث هنا به يقصد.
Examples:
• She was shy as a child, but now she is very outgoing.
• He didn't like tomatoes before.
• Did you live in Texas when you were a kid?
• People paid much more to make cell phone calls in the past.
ADVERB PLACEMENT: always, only, never, ever, still, just, etc.
Examples:
• You just called Debbie.
• Did you just call Debbie?
3. Simple Future/ البسيط المستقبل زمن
Simple Future has two different forms in English: "will" and "be going to." And they often
express two very different meanings.
االفعال الى يحتاج البسيط المستقبل زمن( المساعدةwill( و )be going toالرغم على مختلف معنى يعطي ايضا كالهما و )
.البسيط المستقبل زمن لتوضيح يستخدمان انهم من
B. FORM Be Going To
[am/is/are + going to + verb]
Examples:
• You are going to meet Jane tonight.
• Are you going to meet Jane tonight?
• You are not going to meet Jane tonight.
A. FORM Will
[will + verb]
Examples:
• You will help him later.
• Will you help him later?
• You will not help him later.
14. 13
USE 1: "Will" to Express a Voluntary Action/ تطوعية مساعدة توفير او للتعبير
"Will" often suggests that a speaker will do something voluntarily. A voluntary action is one the
speaker offers to do for someone else. Often, we use "will" to respond to someone else's
complaint or request for help.
Examples:
• I will send you the information when I get it. - I will translate the email to help you.
• Will you make dinner? - I will not do your homework for you.
• A: I'm really hungry. - B: I'll make some sandwiches.
USE 2: "Will" to Express a Promise/ القسم أداء عن للتعبير
"Will" is usually used in promises.
Examples:
• I will call you when I arrive.
• I promise I will not tell him about the surprise party.
• I won't tell anyone your secret.
USE 3: "Be going to" to Express a Plan/ يستخدممسبقا المدروسة الخطط عن للتعبير
"Be going to" expresses that something is a plan. It expresses the idea that a person intends to do
something in the future. It does not matter whether the plan is realistic or not.
Examples:
• She is not going to spend her vacation in Paris.
• A: When are we going to meet each other tonight?
B: We are going to meet at 6 PM.
• Nada is going to begin medical school next year.
USE 4 "Will" or "Be Going to" to Express a Prediction/ التوقعات الظهار تستخدم
Both "will" and "be going to" can express the idea of a general prediction about the
future. Predictions are guesses about what might happen in the future.
Examples:
• The year 2030 will be a very interesting year.
• The year 2030 is going to be a very interesting year.
• John Smith will be/ is going to be the next President.
• The movie "Star War" will win/ is going to win several Academy Awards.
15. 14
No Future in Time Clauses
The Simple Future cannot be used in clauses beginning with time expressions such as: when,
while, before, after, by the time, as soon as, if, unless, etc.
Examples:
• When you will arrive tonight, we will go out for dinner. Not Correct
• When you arrive tonight, we will go out for dinner. Correct
ADVERB PLACEMENT: always, only, never, ever, still, just, etc.
Examples:
• You will never help him. - Will you ever help him?
• You are never going to meet Jane. - Are you ever going to meet Jane?
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
4. Present Continuous/ المستمر المضارع زمن
USE 1: Now/ االن يحدث
Examples:
• You are learning English now. - You are not swimming now.
• Are you sleeping? - I am sitting.
• I am not standing. - Is he sitting or standing?
16. 15
USE 2: Longer Actions in Progress Now
In English, "now" can mean: this second, today, this month, this year, this century, and so on.
.الحالي بالوقت اطول لفترة ما فعال استمرارحدوث به يقصد، السنة هذه ،الشهر هذا ،اليوم مثل كلمات تستخدم العادة في و
للتعبير القرن هذا.االستخدام او الزمن هذا عن
Examples:
• I am studying to become a doctor. - I am not studying to become a dentist.
• I am reading the book Tom barker. - I am not reading any books right now.
USE 3: Near Future/ المستقبل من القرب
Sometimes, speakers use the Present Continuous to indicate that something will or will
not happen in the near future.
.القريب المستقبل في الفعل وقوع اقتراب به يقصد
Examples:
• I am meeting some friends after work. - I am not going to the party tonight.
• Is he visiting his parents next weekend? - Isn't he coming with us tonight?
USE 4: Repetition and Irritation with "Always"/ دائما كلمة بإستخدام التكرار او االعادة
The Present Continuous with words such as "always" or "constantly" expresses the idea that
something irritating or shocking often happens. Remember to put the words "always" or
"constantly" between "be" and "verb+ing."
Examples:
• She is always coming to class late.
• He is constantly talking. I wish he would shut up.
• I don't like them because they are always complaining.
ADVERB PLACEMENT: always, only, never, ever, still, just, etc.
• You are still watching TV. - Are you still watching TV?
17. 16
5. Past Continuous/ المستمر الماضي زمن
USE 1: Interrupted Action in the Past
Use the Past Continuous to indicate that a longer action in the past was interrupted. The
interruption is usually a shorter action in the Simple Past.
البسيط الماضي بزمن اخر فعل مع المستمر الماضي بزمن ما فعال تقاطع به يقصد
Examples:
• I was watching TV when she called.
• When the phone rang, she was writing a letter.
• While we were having the picnic, it started to rain.
USE 2: Specific Time as an Interruption
البسيط الماضي بزمن اخر فعل مع المستمر الماضي بزمن ما فعال تقاطع به يقصدالوقت ذكر او تحديد مع ولكن
Examples:
• Last night at 6 PM, I was eating dinner.
• At midnight, we were still driving through the desert.
18. 17
• Yesterday at this time, I was sitting at my desk at work.
Examples:
• Last night at 6 PM, I ate dinner. (I started eating at 6 PM.)
• Last night at 6 PM, I was eating dinner. (I started earlier; and at 6 PM, I was in the
process of eating dinner.)
USE 3: Parallel Actions
When you use the Past Continuous with two actions in the same sentence, it expresses
the idea that both actions were happening at the same time. The actions are parallel.
به يقصد( ب المنتهي الرتم او القافية نفس على تكون ان بشرط لكن و واحد بوقت حدثت افعال عدةing.)
Examples:
• I was studying while he was making dinner.
• While Fatimah was reading, Hasan was watching television.
• Were you listening while he was talking?
USE 4: Repetition and Irritation with "Always"/ دائما كلمة باستخدام ما فعال اعادة او تكرار
Examples:
• She was always coming to class late.
• He was constantly talking. He annoyed everyone.
• I didn't like them because they were always complaining.
ADVERB PLACEMENT: always, only, never, ever, still, just, etc.
Examples:
• You were just studying when she called.
• Were you just studying when she called?