Gender Discrimination And The Field Of Science
As a student coming from a purely humanities background, the idea that gender discrimination
could occur in the field of science as a concept was completely alien to me. However it has come to
light that gender discrimination in the field of science is not a myth but in fact a harsh reality for
which the reasons remain skewed.
As according to Linda S. Dix, it is not an easy matter to assess the magnitude of gender
discrimination and how that affects the careers of scientists, both men and women, positively and
negatively. Discrimination is often subtle and thus difficult to identify or locate. Due to its
subtleness, it makes it difficult to measure since it can be entwined with other forms of particularism
like age. As a result researchers have come to rely on indirect rather than direct measures of
discrimination which was also propounded by Harriet Zuckerman. Most researchers have come to
agree that differences in career attainments between men and women occur as an outcome of gender
discrimination.
As per research 'gender' provides a perspective from which one could examine the biases that exist
in the larger society. Some believe that to arrive at a more eloquent understanding of the problems of
women in science , one should begin by asking what is the nature of science space that leads to
under–representation and marginalisation of women rather than questioning the situation of a
woman's life that makes it difficult for her to pursue science.
Thus, that gender
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Kellogg Annual Report
K e llo g g Co m pa n y 2009 annual report strength of The ® Sustainable DePenDAble 11
Leadership Financials/Form 10–K Brands and Trademarks 1 Selected Financial Data 12 Financial
Statements 27 ™ strength of the ™ Table of ConTenTs 4 Financial Highlights 6 Letter to
Shareowners Management's Discussion & Analysis 13 Notes to Financial Statements 31 Shareowner
Information and ™ PeRFoRmAnCe ™ FoR moRe thAn A CentuRy, Kellogg Company has been
dedicated to producing great–tasting, high–quality, nutritious foods that consumers around the world
know and love. With 2009 sales of nearly $13 billion, Kellogg Company is the world's leading
producer of cereal, as well as a leading producer of convenience ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
In 2005 and 2008, the Company made voluntary pension contributions after–tax of $210 million and
$300 million, respectively. Our operating principles of Sustainable Growth and Manage for Cash
combine to deliver continuous improvement in ROIC. Dividends per share have increased 42% over
the past 5 years. Retail Cereal Retail Snacks Frozen & Specialty internatiOnal Europe Latin
America Advertising investment of nearly $1.1 billion in 2009 continued our consistent and strong
investment into building our brands. At approximately 9% of net sales, this investment is
significantly above that of our peers in the packaged foods industry. Cost saving and efficiency
programs in 2009 provided substantial progress toward our goal of $1 billion in annual cost savings
by the end of 2011. We now expect to exceed $1 billion in savings over this three–year period. %
growth 3% 4% 3% (1)% 3% 2% 7% 5% 3% North America ™ 2009 NET SALES North America
Frozen & Specialty Channels $12.6

Electronic Media
Not Just a Matter of Time: Field Differences and the Shaping of Electronic Media in Supporting
Scientific Communication
Rob Kling & Geoffrey McKim April 27, 2000 Indiana University School of Library and Information
Science 10th & Jordan, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA +1 812 855 5113 kling@indiana.edu,
mckimg@indiana.edu
Accepted for publication in: Journal of the American Society for Information Science
Abstract
The shift towards the use of electronic media in scholarly communication appears to be an
inescapable imperative. However, these shifts are uneven, both with respect to field and with respect
to the form of communication. Different scientific fields have developed and use distinctly different
communicative forums, both in the paper ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
We see notable risks in a pure laissez–faire "let them work it out for themselves" approach. Large
amounts of money, resources, and effort are being committed (by government agencies, by
academic departments, by publishers, by professional societies, and by individual researchers) to the
development, maintenance, and promotion of various forms of communications technologies for use
in global science. However, in the absence of a valid theory of how scholarly fields adopt and shape
technology, scientists and policy–makers are left only with context–free models, and hence
resources may be committed to projects that are not self–sustainable, that wither, and that do not
effectively improve the scientific communications system of the field. The consequences may not
only be sub–optimal use of financial resources, but also wasted effort on the part of individual
researchers, and even data languishing in marginal, decaying, and dead systems and formats. The
purpose of this JASIS perspectives article is to deepen our understanding of the future of electronic
communications in science. It is difficult to predict the longterm future, as too many contingencies
can and will shape long–term outcomes to make meaningful predictions. One may casually predict
that that many if not all research journals will issue electronic editions in the 21st century; however,
more complex issues about the role of

Anz Bank
2014 ANNUAL REPORT
Australia and New Zealand Banking Group Limited ABN 11 005 357 522
This Annual Report (Report) has been prepared for Australia and New Zealand Banking Group
Limited ("the Company") together with its subsidiaries which are variously described as: "ANZ",
"Group", "ANZ Group", "the Bank", "us", "we" or "our".
ANZ ANNUAL REPORT 2014
ANZ IS EXECUTING A FOCUSED STRATEGY
TO BUILD THE BEST CONNECTED, MOST RESPECTED
BANK ACROSS THE ASIA PACIFIC REGION
WHO WE ARE AND HOW WE OPERATE
ANZ's history of expansion and growth stretches over 175 years. We have a strong franchise in
Retail, Commercial and Institutional banking in our home markets of Australia and
New Zealand and we have been operating in Asia Pacific ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
Finally, we focused on strengthening management depth and the alignment between business,
operations, technology and enablement. We are committed to delivering above–peer earnings
growth with strong capital and expense disciplines, targeting further productivity improvements
over the next three years while increasing return on equity from current levels.
This will be achieved by strengthening our position in Australia and New Zealand, growing in Asia
and sharing common technology, processes, products and services that are designed with our
customers in mind.
1
2
CONTENTS

Section 1
Section 3
Financial Highlights
5
Five Year Summary
196
Chairman's Report
6
Principal Risks and Uncertainties
197
Chief Executive Officer's Report
7
Supplementary Information
206
Directors' Report
8
Shareholder Information
208
– Operating and Financial Review
12
Glossary of Financial Terms
214
– Remuneration Report

28
Alphabetical Index
216
Corporate Governance
57
Section 2
Financial Statements
77
Notes to the Financial Statements
84
Directors' Declaration and
Responsibility Statement
193
Independent Auditor's Report
194
CONTENTS
3
SECTION 1
Financial Highlights
5
Chairman's Report
6
Chief Executive Officer's Report

Whores, Wifes, And Slaves Summary
While reading The Red Tent and Goddesses, Whore, Wifes, and Slaves I found myself being
dragged into the book further and further. Not only was I reading these books but I also found
myself talking about the books in my everyday conversations. Both of these books were based off of
women's society, but not in today's world but in the past. Many of the things I was reading I found
amazing. Recommending this book to anyone I am sure that they would read further more into the
topic as well as I.
The two books I've choose to read Goddesses, Whores, Wifes, and Slaves where non–fiction;
written by Sarah B Pomeroy. Thoughtout the book Sarah Pomeroy illustrates the purpose of writing
the book was to show the social history of women in ancient history. The time of the book was
around 1500 years, from Bronze Age Greece to the late Roman empire. I believe she wanted to
educate today's age about what really happened in the women's society during ancient history. With
writing this book Sarah Pomeroy truly wrote this to reflect the 'critical' insights of modern feminism.
In my opinion I personally think that Sarah Pomeroy could be a feminist of ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
Anita Diamant in 1975 she moved to Boston and began a career as a journalist. After spending time
in this field she branched herself out into nation media. The things that Anita Diamant were not slim
to none there was much variety in her writing. After spending her time into journalism she finally
published her first book in 1997 The Red Tent. The Red Tent is the main focus; when the book was
released it was known as the 'word of mouth' bestseller after many reader recommendations. After
much hard work to have her book rank to the top in 2001, Independent Booksellers Alliances
honored The Red Tent as the "Booksense Best Fiction" After this book made its way across the
world it made its way onto lifetime

Essay about “Utah Symphony and Utah Opera: a Merger Proposal”
"Utah Symphony and Utah Opera: a Merger Proposal"
Financial Strengths and Weaknesses of the Utah Symphony Before the Merger
The financial state of the Utah Symphony before the merger was grim. It was understood by the
symphony's chairman of the board, Scott Parker, that the situation was getting worse. This was
aggravated by the downturn of the economy and the event of 9/11. However, even before the
economic downturn and 9/11, the symphony was very close to a deficit situation (Delong & Ager,
2005). Scott Parker assumed the chairmanship to try to mitigate the situation.
The average endowment or contributions for a Group II orchestra like the Utah Symphony is $8.8
million in FY 2001–2002. The endowment for the symphony is considered in ... Show more content
Many people view subsidies for performing arts such as the opera and symphony as support for the
snobbish upper end of the income distribution. Governmental and public standpoints regarding the
support of arts in the United States differ greatly from that of Canada and Europe, where
governments provide primary support for the arts. The main government support for symphony
orchestras and other performing arts here in the US emanates indirectly through tax expenditures.
In summary, the current financial strength of the Utah Symphony is the above average endowment
that it receives from various contributors. However, this current financial strength is not guaranteed
to endure. There is projected increase in revenue for FY 2001–2002 but at the same time, there is a
projected increase in expenses. A very obvious financial weakness is its expenses compounded by:
* High salaries set by collective agreement.
* Agreed upon wage increases that do not consider the financial status of the organization.
Recommendations
Anne Ewers must provide a persuasive strategy to ensure that the financial crisis of the Utah
Symphony is a priority prior, during, and following the merger. Anne Ewers has a praiseworthy
track record with regards to stabilizing the financial situations of performing arts organizations.
During her term as general director of the Boston Lyric Opera, she retired a $450,000 debt

One Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World...
E SSAYS ON TWENTIETH–C ENTURY H ISTORY In the series Critical Perspectives on the
Past, edited by Susan Porter Benson, Stephen Brier, and Roy Rosenzweig Also in this series: Paula
Hamilton and Linda Shopes, eds., Oral History and Public Memories Tiffany Ruby Patterson, Zora
Neale Hurston and a History of Southern Life Lisa M. Fine, The Story of Reo Joe: Work, Kin, and
Community in Autotown, U.S.A. Van Gosse and Richard Moser, eds., The World the Sixties Made:
Politics and Culture in Recent America Joanne Meyerowitz, ed., History and September 11th John
McMillian and Paul Buhle, eds., The New Left Revisited David M. Scobey, Empire City: The
Making and Meaning of the New York City Landscape Gerda Lerner, Fireweed: A ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
The beginnings and ends of what we choose to call centuries are almost invariably years of little
significance. But there is little agreement over when the twentieth century c.e. arrived, and there
were several points both before the year 2000 (the collapse of the Soviet Union, the reunification of
Germany, the surge of globalization from the mid–1990s) and afterward (9/11, or the global
recession of 2008) when one could quite plausibly argue that a new era had begun. A compelling
case can be made for viewing the decades of the global scramble for colonies after 1870 as a
predictable culmination of the long nineteenth century, which was ushered in by the industrial and
political revolutions of the late 1700s. But at the same time, without serious attention to the
processes and misguided policies that led to decades of agrarian and industrial depression from the
late 1860s to the 1890s, as well as the social tensions and political rivalries that generated and were
in turn fed by imperialist expansionism, one cannot begin to comprehend the causes and
consequences of the Great War that began in 1914. That conflict determined the contours of the
twentieth century in myriad ways. On the one hand, the war set in motion transformative processes
that were clearly major departures from those that defined the nineteenth–century world order. On
the other, it perversely unleashed forces

Raising Tuition Rates
Raising Tuition Rates Tuition rates have been rising exponentially since "World War II and the GI
Bill..." which allowed for, "...an explosive increase in the number and proportion of Americans who
go to college" (Nathan 148). This change, though largely due to inflation, has been rising past what
families can afford to pay, and has led to difficulties for students exiting high school. These
difficulties have been seen by campuses, and many already have a plan to help these students pay
for the rocketing tuition prices. This escalating problem has been caused by multiple entities,
individuals, and ideals. Firstly, between 1985 and 1995, the federal and state funding has decreased
by almost twenty–five percent, and since then has decreased to account for only fifty percent of the
public university's budget, as more of the government's money has been allotted to the needs of the
country's healthcare, welfare, and prisons. Also, universities have increased the percentage of their
budgets allocated to administration roles, mostly in an attempt to influence government and to
market their degree and certificate programs (Nathan 149). Furthermore, a study performed by,
"William Bowen, now president of the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation, attributed tuition rising faster
than the rate of inflation primarily to the nature of the educational process, which did not permit
academia to share in the productivity gains that caused earnings growth in the rest of society..." and
to the "Winner Take

Propaganda by Edward L Bernays
PROPAGANDA
By EDWARD L. BERNAYS
1928
CONTENTS
I. II. III. IV. V. VI. VII. VIII. IX. X. XI. ORGANIZING CHAOS ..................................................
THE NEW PROPAGANDA ............................................ THE NEW PROPAGANDISTS .... 9 19 32
47 62
THE PSYCHOLOGY OF PUBLIC RELATIONS BUSINESS AND THE PUBLIC ....
PROPAGANDAAND POLITICAL LEADERSHIP 92 WOMEN'S ACTIVITIES
AND
PROPAGANDA . . .
115 121 135 141 150
PROPAGANDA FOR EDUCATION PROPAGANDA IN SOCIAL SERVICE .
ART AND SCIENCE ..................................................... THE MECHANICS OF PROPAGANDA . .
CHAPTER I
ORGANIZING CHAOS
THE conscious and intelligent manipulation of the organized habits and opinions of the masses is an
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
There is consequently a vast and continuous effort going on to capture our minds in the interest of
some policy or commodity or idea. It might be better to have, instead of propaganda and special
pleading, committees of wise men who would choose our rulers, dictate our conduct, private and
public, and decide upon the best types of clothes for us to wear and the best kinds of food for us to
11
Propaganda eat. But we have chosen the opposite method, that of open competition. We must find

a way to make free competition function with reasonable smoothness. To achieve this society has
consented to permit free competition to be organized by leadership and propaganda. Some of the
phenomena of this process are criticized–the manipulation of news, the inflation of personality, and
the general ballyhoo by which politicians and commercial products and social ideas are brought to
the consciousness of the masses. The instruments by which public opinion is organized and focused
may be misused. But such organization and focusing are necessary to orderly life. As civilization has
become more complex, and as the need for invisible government has been increasingly
demonstrated, the technical means have been invented and developed by which opinion may be
regimented. With the printing press and the newspaper, the railroad, the telephone, telegraph, radio
and airplanes, ideas can

Comparing Mellon's Mellon And The Pursuit Of The American...
In the beginning of chapter six Zunz talks about the New Deal and also much of how people used
philanthropy and giving in order to evade taxes entirely, pay less taxes, or simply to use loopholes in
the law in order to pass on ownership of companies and funds. Zunz tells of how Andrew Mellon
had used his position as secretary of the treasury in order to help his private companies in which he
had concurrently run. In the 1910's Mellon had began acquiring European artwork with the help of a
London art dealer, and hid them in places he and only a few companions had access, as they were
secret purchases. Mellon then took these paintings he had purchased and gifted them to his own trust
known as the Andrew W. Mellon Charitable and Educational Trust, taking the tax deduction on the
gift, but keeping the paintings in his private possession. It was said that Mellon's intent was to
transfer his collection to a national gallery in Washington, DC, but it required his death in order for
it to happen. Mellon was eventually charged with misusing the charitable deductions, after which he
put another man in charge of designing the art gallery. Mellon died in 1937 and the gallery was
created afterwards and named as ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
After the creation of the income tax in 1913, many wealthy individuals lowered their income tax by
transferring their large revenues to holding companies. While this was not illegal at the time, people
such as Pierre du Pont, Thomas Lamont, and Alfred Sloan had all used this device in order to pay
less taxes. I Alfred Sloan's case, Zunz says that he "invested in a yacht and incorporated it as a
holding company". After being exposed, Sloan reportedly said that he had not intended to evade
taxes, but only the cost of operating the boat. This generated a lot of publicity, which in turn made
Sloan attempt to rebuild his reputation by donating more in the latter

American Frontier Thesis Statement
Noah Serna
1) Turner's Frontier Thesis – is an argument that was formed by the American frontier however it
was developed in Chicago in 1893 by Frederick Jackson Turner, an American Historian. In the
thesis, the American frontier established liberty by freeing Americans from the European mindset
and customs. Turner's Frontier thesis quickly became popular amongst scholars and intellectuals. It
emphasized the importance on how the frontier shaped America and its characteristics, in the
abundance of free land, individualism, mobility, and materialism.
2) Captains of Industry/Robber Barons – Captions of Industry were business leaders that were able
to transform America's economy in a positive way by using their business skills. People glorified
them for their skills and for their charities. J.P. Morgan, Henry Ford, Andrew W. Mellon, and John
D. Rockefeller were all Captions of Industry. The Robber Barons were businessmen who were
involved in immortal and ruthless business practices. They would gain large amounts of profits by
paying their employee's very low wages. They drove out their opponents by selling their products at
a cheaper price. They eventually took control of the market and rose the prices extremely high. John
Jacob Astor, Andrew Carnegie, William A. Clark, Jay Cooke, Charles Crocker, and Daniel Drew
were all labeled as Robber Barons in ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Ferguson – was a U.S. Supreme Court Case that was held on May 18, 1896. It supported the rights
of states to pass laws that allowed for racial segregation in public and private organizations, such as
schools, transportations, restrooms, and even restaurants. This court case causes many of the
southern states to pass Jim Crows laws, which discriminated many American Africans as well as
minorities. After the Plessy v. Ferguson case ended, the "Separate but equal" law remained in place
until the Supreme Court overturned the Plessy v. Ferguson case with a decision that came from 1954
Brown v. Board of

Elie Wiesel Holocaust Survivor Essay
Elie Wiesel Holocaust Survivor
As war broke out in Europe during 1939, no one could either imagine or believe the terror that Adolf
Hitler would soon bring to the lives of Jewish people. Drawing from his paranoia and a drive for a
world Nazi power, Hitler singled out the Jews as the cause for problems in Germany and began to
carry out his plan for the destruction of a part of humanity. Hitler not only persecuted the Jews of
Germany, but he also targeted the Jews in Poland and other parts of Europe, such as Transylvania,
which was the home of Holocaust survivor Elie Wiesel.
Breaking his self–imposed vow of silence in 1958, Elie Wiesel published Night which details his
horrific experiences at the Auschwitz, Buna, and Buchenwald ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Moesh solemnly told Elie of what really went on in Galicia; after exiting the trains, the Jews were
forced to dig massive graves and then wait in line to be murdered. Even children were tossed into
the air as prey for the guards machine guns. Moesh had escaped only because he was injured and
presumed dead.
During the following days and nights, Moesh spread his story throughout the community in an effort
to warn his people of the impending terror, but no one believed him. Some said, "He's just trying to
make us pity him. What an imagination he has."2 Many people thought Moesh had just simply gone
mad, and even Wiesel denied the stories of his friend.
The Jews not only denied the warnings of Moesh, but also disbelieved that Hitler planned to
exterminate them. Wiesel summarized the general feeling of the community by stating, "Could he
exterminate a population scattered throughout so many countries? So many millions! What methods
could he use? And in the middle of the twentieth century!"3 Other reports indicate that the Jews did
not believe that Hitler's attempted genocide was occurring. Newspaper articles about the murders
were shrugged off as panic inducers because killing such large numbers was incomprehensible;
many believed that the deportees were sent away to do agricultural work, but they would soon learn
otherwise.4
As Passover arrived in Wiesel neighborhood so did the Hungarian police, forcing Jews to turn over
their

Using these four passages and your own knowledge, assess...
The First World War left much of Europe in complete disarray however the USA, having only joined
the war in its last year, suffered much less physical and economic damage. There is still debate over
whether World War One was the main reason for the boom in America or whether it was due to
other factors. Potter is convinced World War One acted as a catalyst for the boom by causing growth
in industry, accelerated productivity and the laissez faire attitude of the federal government.
Conversely, although Jones acknowledges the war caused some growth in industry and demand he
gives more credit to technological advancement and innovation. Gerstle, likewise, gives credit to
technological advances but also, similarly to Potter, sees the war as ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
In interpretation B, Jones connotes that the booming economy in the 1920's was due to
technological innovation and advancement, however in contrast with Cannadine he does give
limited credit to the war. Jones argues that productivity increased "resulting from technological
innovation and the application of 'Frederick W. Taylor's' theory of scientific management". Scientific
management basically increased efficiency in the workplace and ensured employees were working
in areas which they could excel in; taking a more scientific approach to production. This contradicts
Potter who says maximum productivity was reached because of the strain felt by labour shortages
during the war causing workers to be more efficient and therefore produce more. He also uses facts
and figures to back up his statements telling us that "although the population increased by only
about 16%..., industrial production almost doubled". This supports his view on increased
productivity which Gerstle shares as he also mentions that "productivity and efficiency [were lifted]
to new heights" during this period. Jones puts a lot of emphasis on technological advancement in
creating the booming economy, saying electricity consumption more than doubled during the decade
mainly due to the

Chanticleer Research Paper
SAN FRANCISCO, April 4, 2016–Chanticleer, the internationally renowned Grammy award–
winning 12–man choral ensemble, revels in its long dedication to the music of the Missions of the
Americas with Mission Road. The group will perform six concerts this May in historic California
Missions from Santa Barbara to San Francisco. Chanticleer has gloried in the beauty and perfect
acoustics of the California Missions ever since its inaugural 1978 concert in the old Mission
Dolores. In the 1990's Chanticleer was at the forefront of the revival of 17th and 18th century
Mission period music, releasing two award–winning recordings for Teldec: Matins for the Virgin of
Guadalupe and Mexican Baroque. This 2016 tour–the third since 2008 exclusively dedicated

Andrew Mellon Research Paper
Andrew William Mellon was born on March 24, 1855. He was born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania,
U.S.A. His father was Thomas Mellon and his mother was Sarah Jane Negley Mellon. His wife's
name was Nora Mary McMullen. He had two children named Ailsa and Paul.
He had a lot of jobs in his lifetime. He came from a wealthy family. His father was a successful
banker and lawyer in Pittsburgh. He was the fourth out of five. Andrew was an art collector,
industrialist, politician, philanthropist, businessman, and an American banker. He made a big
business empire before going into politics. He founded the National Gallery of Art.
In 1921, Andrew went to Washington to serve as the secretary of treasury. While he was secretary of
treasury, he decided that Washington should have a national art museum. He gave the people The
National Gallery of Art in Washington D.C. Andrew W. Mellon was an art collector. He
communicated with President Franklin D. Roosevelt. He offered to give his art collection for The
National Gallery of Art. He would even use his own money to make a building. The president
supported Andrew. Congress established The National Gallery of Art in March 1937. Construction
began in 1937. His ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Treasury by President Warren G. Harding. World War I expenses were about $26 million. During
conferences about how to reduce the national debt, Andrew helped reduce the national to
$17,604,000,000 by June 30, 1928. "As chairman ex officio of the World War I foreign debt
commission, Andrew also played an important part in coming up with the U.S. policy concerning
the funding of war debts owed to the United States by foreign governments. " (Britannica.com)
Throughout the years, he continued to be the head the Treasury under the presidents Calvin
Coolidge and Herbert Hoover. After the Great Depression in 1929 Andrew's popularity began to
decline. He resigned as treasurer to serve as a U.S. ambassador to England for one year in

Engaging Privacy and Information Technology in a Digital Age
Engaging Privacy and Information Technology in a Digital Age (Free Executive Summary)
http://www.nap.edu/catalog/11896.html
Free Executive Summary
Engaging Privacy and Information Technology in a Digital Age James Waldo, Herbert S. Lin, and
Lynette I. Millett, Editors, Committee on Privacy in the Information Age, National Research
Council ISBN: 978–0–309–10392–3, 456 pages, 6 x 9, hardback (2007)
This free executive summary is provided by the National Academies as part of our mission to
educate the world on issues of science, engineering, and health. If you are interested in reading the
full book, please visit us online at http://www.nap.edu/catalog/11896.html . You may browse and
search the full, authoritative version for free; you ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Economic approaches to the question have centered around the value, in economic terms, of privacy,
both in its role in the information needed for efficient markets and in the value of information as a
piece of property. Sociological approaches to the study of privacy have emphasized the ways in
which the collection and use of personal information have reflected and reinforced the relationships
of power and influence between individuals, groups, and institutions within society.

Copyright © National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. This executive summary plus
thousands more available at http://www.nap.edu
Engaging Privacy and Information Technology in a Digital Age
http://books.nap.edu/catalog/11896.html

ENGAGING PRIV ACY AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY IN A DIGITAL AGE
Key to any discussion of privacy is a clear specification of what is at stake (what is being kept
private) and the parties against which privacy is being invoked (who should not be privy to the
information being kept private). For example, one notion of privacy involves confidentiality or
secrecy of some specific information, such as preventing disclosure of an individual's library records
to the government or to one's employer or parents. A second notion of privacy involves anonymity,
as reflected

Pros And Cons Of The 1920s Essay
The 1920s remodeled the country into the one we all know today. People 's values, political views,
mindset, and lifestyle evolved with this new era. For instance, women roles went from aspiring
housekeepers to a new generation known as flappers. Flappers were free and adventurous women
who wore loose clothing They enjoyed drinking, smoking, dancing and proudly disrespecting
authority. Technology soon advanced as well. Inventions such as radios were developed. The mass
production of fords automobiles began and many companies adopted the idea of assembly lines
within their factories. The Great Migration not only brought many African Americans, their music
also accompanied them. Jazz soon became popular to the point it became a staple for the ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
()Eventually, schools were also affected by the depression worsen education budgets were cut. It
soon reached a point where many began to die of starvation(). This is when trickle–down economics
also known as supply–side was viewed as a quick solution for this pending issue. Trickle down
economics logic is like a three–level pyramid with a few holes punctured at each status. The point of
the pyramid would represent the wealthy business owners. The middle would represent the middle
class. Lastly, the base would represent the third class or poor. Taxes would be cut from the first class
in order for them to obtain more money. This is important because it was believed if the rich had
more money they would use it to benefit their businesses. Then they would have enough money to
hire employees. which would give employees money and that money that employees received could
go to them and their families to purchase goods they were in need of. This money would help other
businesses as well. Overall this plan would ideally provide job opportunities, salaries, and
consumption that would help pull the economy out of the wreak it was currently in. However many
people opposed the trickle–down economics plan. They believe it was set up to make the rich richer
and the poor poorer. Even future president Franklin Roosevelt spoke out while he was governor of
New York. In April of

Racism and Stereotype in Karl Linder's Speech
Racism is a fatal flaw in human society. Whole cultures could be eradicated or brought to the brink
of destruction, such as when Adolf Hitler, leader of the Nazi regime, brought on the Holocaust. In
his efforts to bring the Jews to extinction he captured and imprisoned the Jews into concentration
camps separated from the rest of society. Karl Linder in his efforts to keep the community of
Clybourne Park pure for his growing family, attempts to assert dominance over the Stoller family
(the Caucasian family moving away) and the Younger family (the African American family moving
in), as if attempting to create a reverse concentration camp. He uses deceptive language, racial
propaganda, and his position of power to influence the world ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
On pages twenty–eight through twenty–nine, Karl initially ignores Bev's requests to be informed of
what Karl was explaining to Russ and Jim the upcoming residents of the household, that is until she
questioned his logic by asking [b]ut don't they [the Youngers] have needs, too? (Norris). After the
rejection of his bribe produced by his leadership role in the Community Association by Walter
Younger in A Raisin in the Sun, instead of arguing with the large man, he retreats and attempts to
convince the Stollers to either stay in Clybourne Park or to deny the house to the Youngers. Another
example of his cowardice towards men is on page forty, where he taunts Russ about his threat to
punch Jim in the face by saying that Russ's actions were very masculine in a sarcastic tone and the
Russ was mentally unstable as he started to retreat from Russ and proceeded to go through the
door (Norris 40). Though Karl made bad decisions throughout his efforts to keep the community
ethnical pure, he had the best intention at heart. His racists views keeps viewers from seeing that
fact, a critic of the play named Kevin D. Williamson said it best by saying that Lindner is a
oleaginous, conniving, and cowardly, but he is not evil nor is he motivated by malice, but has
sincere concern for the stability of the neighbor, the cohesion of the community, and the vacillations
of the real–estate market. This is even supported by

Affirmative Action At UCLA: Case Study
Betsy Casas CCS 150/ DIS 1D June 10, 2016 CCS 150 Final Paper Affirmative Action at UCLA:
Part I Chancellor Block proposed the Bruin Diversity Plan with the objective of promoting a diverse
student body. His mission with this plan would be; 1) to reduce the historical deficit of traditionally
disfavored minority groups (Latinx, African Americans, and Native Americans), 2) to counter the
effects of societal discrimination, 3) to increase the number of professionals in currently
underserved communities, and 4) to acquire the educational benefits that flow from a diverse student
body. In order to achieve these goals he plans to use a point system which awards applicants points
based on 7 categories. These categories vary in potential points accorded, ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Bollinger case, the University of Michigan College of Literature, Science, and the Arts was sued
because of its use of race as a factor in the point system the school used for admissions decisions.
Every applicant who belonged to an underrepresented minority group was automatically distributed
20 points, which had the potential to become a decisive factor in the admission or rejection of the
applicant. The Court held that even though the University wanted to further the compelling interest
of achieving a diverse student body, it did not do it in a narrowly–tailored manner. The University
did not give applicants an individualized review of their applications and used race as a decisive
factor and not a plus factor in the admissions decisions, which is unconstitutional. The Bruin
Diversity Plan does intend to use a point system which automatically awards 20 points to Latinx,
African Americans, and Native Americans because of their potential contribution to campus
cultural diversity. This would be deemed unconstitutional on the grounds of the Gratz case because
by automatically awarding 20 points because of race solely to applicants, the factor of race would
become a decisive factor in admissions and would not be narrowly–tailored enough to justify the
program's use of

Summary Of ' The Republican ' Old Guard '
Chapter 32 Notes
The Republican Old Guard Returns
Warren Harding: inaugurated in 1921, loved people, weak president, unable to detect corruption
within his own cabinet, corrupt friends leeched on his inability to say no
Ohio gang: corrupt associates of Harding that came from his home state of ohio.
Charles Evans Hughes: secretary of state, conservative
Andrew W. Mellon: secretary of treasury, old, aluminum king
Herbert Hoover: secretary of Commerce
Albert B. Fall: scheming anti conservationist– secretary of interior (wolf meant to protect the sheep)
Harry M. Daugherty: big crook in Ohio gang– attorney general What flaws did Warren Harding
possess?
Weak, inability to say no, hated to hurt people 's feelings, couldn 't tell a liar
GOP Reaction at the Throttle What pro–business policies were taken by the government during the
Harding administration?
Old Guard wanted government to help guide business to profits.
Adkins v. Children 's hospital: reversed judgment that women deserved special protection in
workplace and women 's minimum wage law.
Antitrust Laws ignored, Interstate commerce commission rules by men sympathetic to managers of
TRD
Industrialists able to set up trade associations.
The Aftermath of War
Know: Railway Labor Board, American Legion, Adjusted Compensation Act
Esch–Cummins Transportation Act of 1920 encouraged private consolidation of railroads and
Interstate Commerce Commission would guarantee their profitability;Merchant Marine Act of 1920

The Idea Of The Self-Made Man By Pamela Laid
I found Pamela Laird's essay very interesting, and while I've never subscribed to the idea of a self–
made man, I never considered how the notion could be harmful. The concept of the self–made man
states that most people can get where they want to be with hard work and a good entrepreneurial
spirit. This idea exemplifies the idea of the American Dream, and creates the illusion of an America
where anyone, regardless of ethnicity, gender, or economic background could become the next Steve
Jobs or Andrew Carnegie. Laird argues that self made success can, at least in part, be attributed to
an economic, political or social advantage. She makes an excellent argument on how individualism
can harm both the individual and the collective. The idea of the self–made man can first be seen
during the Protestant Reformation, where people begin to drift away from the idea that they aren't in
control of their circumstances, which were instead dependent on God. Benjamin Franklin was a very
popular model of self–made success which inspires entrepreneurs even today. Thomas Mellon, the
founder of the Mellon Bank, looked up to Franklin for his ambition and aimed to amass wealth from
Franklin's ideas of self–improvement. However, Franklin spoke about self–improvement for the
purpose of community and individual growth, and not for material gain. Franklin, along with United
States Representative Alney McLean, used the idea of the self–made man to encourage people to
better themselves, gain

College Dropout Research
An increment in college drop out rates with the inability to do well in courses has been on the
receiving end of many theories as well as research experiments. In Implicit Theories of Intelligence
Predict Achievement Across an Adolescent Transition Blackwell, Trzeniewski, Dweck (2007) state
that some people believe that intelligence is more of an entity while others think of it as
incremental.
In 1997 just over 54 percent of students who enrolled in 4 year colleges earned their degree six years
later, even fewer Hispanics in addition of blacks according to some of the latest government figures.
Bowen, President of the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation, has heightened his consideration on this
matter with his data driven studies on college athletes, college access and affirmative action for the
poor that has kindled debate nationwide in recent years. Patrick Callan, President, of the National
Center for Public Policy and Higher Education, states, You walk into a high school and 50 percent
of the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
placing 4th in the O.E.C.D. By 2011, the graduation rate went up to 43 percent, still the nation's
ranking had moved down to 11th place. The problem is that Americans are actually enrolling in
college however drop out halfway through. This would make them indebted, which also wouldn't
assist them for the better job possibilities that come with the degree. More than 70 percent of
Americans go to a 4–year college, which is the 7th highest rate among 23 developed nations
complied by the O.E.C.D. statistics. That is less than two thirds who end up graduating. This drops
the graduation rate to 53 percent, leaving only Hungary worse on the statistics. This is a problem
because the college graduation rate for high income Americans born in the 1980s were 20 percent
higher than the 1960s, yet for low–income Americans it went up only 4

The Overachievers, by Alexandra Robbins Essay
The Overachievers by Alexandra Robbins is a non– fiction book that follows the lives of nine high
school/ college overachieving students. On the outside they look healthy, happy, and perfect, but
upon closer look the reader realizes just how manic their lives and the lives of many other high
scholars are. It is no secret that high school and college has become more competitive, but the public
doesn't realize just out of control this world is. Overachieverism has become a way of life, a social
norm. It is a world–wide phenomenon that has swamped many of the world's top countries. Students
are breaking under the immense amount of pressure that society puts on them. They live in constant
fear that they will not live up to society's, or ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
They can't do that if they spend every hour eating, sleeping, or studying for fear that they won't be
successful. Students are completely burned out by the time they get to college (Robbins).
This lifestyle of overachieving starts at an early age. It used to be you didn't need to start an activity
or sport until middle school or high school. Many people now know that if you want your child to
excel in something, you have to start at an early age. Boys start little league baseball and pee–wee
football at seven or eight years old. Girls start dance or tumbling classes as early as three. Toddlers
are being tutored at age two. While all this may be hard to take in, what may surprise you is that you
don't even have to be born yet to start your education. A California obstetrician has developed
courses to further the intellectual skills of her students. The students? All fetuses. Then name of the
school is, I kid you not, Prenatal University (Robbins 334). The early education market is booming,
parents are lured by the possibility of nudging their children ahead of the pack even before the age
of one (Robbins 335). Parents are so obsessed with their child being number one that they will pay
$16,000 tuition for a private preschool. But to be enrolled in such preschools, toddlers must go into
an interview (much like college which is seventeen

The Perils Of Indifference By Elie Wiesel Essay
Elie Wiesel's speech The Perils of Indifference is a mind opening and emotional speech that
prompts the audience to change the indifference that plagues America and many people in this time
and age. He expresses to the audience that indifference is the reason appalling and horrifying events,
such as the Holocaust, occur and why no one takes immediate actions to help the victims. To get his
point across, Wiesel uses his own history and experiences so that the audience can visualize the
Holocaust through the eyes of a survivor and to project the feelings of hopelessness and defeat that
the victims felt when no one came to end the injustice. In this critique, Elie Wiesel's rhetorical
speech of indifference will show its effectiveness through testimony, emotion, and rhetorical
questions; this speech accomplished its goal and without a doubt persuaded most of the audience to
call out for change in indifference. The Holocaust is widely known as one of the most horrendous
and disturbing events in history that the world has seen; over six million lives were lost, in fact the
total number of deceased during the Holocaust has never been determined. The footage of
concentration camps and gas chambers left the world in utter shock, but photos and retellings of the
events cannot compare to being a victim of the Holocaust and living through the horror that the rest
of the world regarded in the safety of their homes. Elie Wiesel recognized the indifference that the

Supply-Side Economics: History and Relevance
Supply–Side Economics: Its History and Relevance Today.
Supply–side economics provided the political and theoretical foundation for a remarkable number
of tax cuts in the United States and other countries during the eighties. Supply–side economics
stresses the impact of tax rates on the incentives for people to produce and to use resources
efficiently. –James D. Gwartney
Introduction
The theory of supply–side economics has several labels associated with it, some positive and others
negative, with Reaganomics or the Trickle–down policy being the most notable. Simply put,
supply–side economics centers on the idea that the path to economic strength is achieved by
focusing on the supply side of the market rather ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The Keynesian model and economists that agreed with Keynesian theory did not believe that
monetary and economic policies should be left up to the entrepreneurs and investors and that there
should be a strong, active government intervention in the marketplace to ensure economic growth
(Brannon). Keynesians concluded that the government needed to steer the economic ship on a
steady course... (Brannon). There was, however, one problem that Keynesian economics failed to
address in the 1970's, causing it to fall behind in importance compared to the new supply–side
economics theory, and that was stagflation. Stagflation is when the economy sees an increase in
inflation as well as stagnant business endeavors, coupled with an already increasing unemployment
rate. Keynesian school of thought was for the Federal Government to increase the money supply,
trusting that the increase of the money supply would drive up demand and price, which would lead
to increased employment (Brannon).
Reaganomics
As the Keynesian Demand Management theory slowly started to lose political support, the
Presidential race of 1980 was beginning to get underway. The candidate with the most support was
Ronald Reagan, and during his campaign he proposed a new plan to help America out of its
economic downturn. What would soon be dubbed Reaganomics was a

Comparing Extreme Programming and Waterfall Project Results
Comparing Extreme Programming and Waterfall Project Results
Feng Ji
Carnegie Mellon University
Silicon Valley Campus
Mountain View, CA, 94035 jojojifeng@gmail.com Todd Sedano
Carnegie Mellon University
Silicon Valley Campus
Mountain View, CA, 94035 todd.sedano@sv.cmu.edu Abstract
Waterfall and Extreme Programming are two software project methods used for project
management. Although there are a number of opinions comparing the two methods regarding how
they should be applied, none have used project data to clearly conclude which one is better. In this
paper, we present the results of a controlled empirical study conducted at
Carnegie Mellon University in Silicon Valley to learn about the effective transition from ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The faculty decided to use Extreme Programming as the method for the Foundations course because
it was an agile method, it had good engineering practices, and it was a safe sandbox environment for
engineers to try paired programming since many managers in industry were initially skeptical about
its benefits. In 2005, the faculty allowed three of the sixteen teams tried our new curriculum to see if
there were any serious issues in the switch, while other thirteen teams continued to follow a start
point in 2004. The feedback was extremely positive so in 2006, all teams followed Extreme
Programming. For the project plan duration, Waterfall teams needed fifteen weeks to finish their
tasks where as Extreme Programming teams were given only thirteen weeks, a 13% reduction in
time.
1.2.2. PET 1.1: In 2005, the VP of Engineering advised the three teams that rewriting the code from
scratch would be easier than working with the existing code base. Team 30:1 decided to use the
latest in Java technologies including Swing and Hibernate. PET 1.1, the team 's product became the
starting point for the students in the following year.
1.2.3. PET 1.2: In 2008, the faculty switched the core technology from Java to Ruby on
Rails. Ruby on Rails ' convention over configuration, afforded a lower learning curve for students.
For Pet 1.2, students would build their projects from scratch.
2. Related work
Much research has been done as to when to use

Gender Pay Gap
Go to Main Section of Page | Home | View PDF | Email | Print | Save to Favorite Documents |
CiteNow! | Find Keyword | * FULL REPORT * Introduction * Overview * Background * Current
Situation * Outlook * Pro/Con * Chronology * Short Features * Maps/Graphs * Bibliography * The
Next Step * Contacts * Footnotes * About the Author * * Comments | Gender Pay Gap | Are women
paid fairly in the workplace? | March 14, 2008 Volume 18, Issue 11 |
By Thomas J. Billitteri Introduction
Former Goodyear manager Lilly Ledbetter won more than $3 million in a pay–discrimination suit
against the tire firm, but the U.S. Supreme Court overturned the verdict in 2007 for filing her
complaint too ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Bush administration. The wrangle over wages is playing out not just in Washington but in cities and
towns across America. In the biggest sex–discrimination lawsuit in U.S. history, a group of female
Wal–Mart employees has charged the retail giant with bias in pay and promotions. The case could
affect perhaps 1.6 million women employees of Wal–Mart and result in billions of dollars in back
pay and damages.The enormously complex gender–pay debate encompasses economics,
demographics, law, social justice, culture, history and sometimes raw emotion. Few dispute that a
wage gap exists between men and women. In 2006 full–time female workers earned 81 percent of
men 's weekly earnings, according to the latest U.S. Labor Department data, with the wage gap
broader for older workers and narrower for younger ones. Separate U.S. Census Bureau data put the
gap at about 77 percent of men 's median full–time, year–round earnings. The fundamental issues
are why the gap exists, how much of it stems from discrimination and what should be done about
it.Some contend the disparity can largely be explained by occupational differences between women
and men, variations in work experience, number of hours worked each year and other such
things.June O 'Neill, an economics professor at the City University of New York 's Baruch College
and

The Pros And Cons Of Inmate Re-Incarceration In Prison
SUMMARY: Many inmates are incarcerated in prison for years and sometimes decades, then
released back into society with little education or training. Studies have found that 19 percent of
inmates are entirely illiterate, and 75 percent are functionally illiterate and read at a 4th–grade level.
Therefore, without education, vocational training, or the ability to secure employment, many
formerly incarcerated people maladapt to society and return to crime and prison. Thus, a vicious
cycle of re–incarceration called inmate recidivism is created. With all the positive outcomes of
inmate education, which include reduced recidivism rates and safer communities, my policy memo
addresses why Congress should consider reinstating Pell ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
Feasibility: currently happening, so Federal Government finds this feasible, though LCTC, Supports
increases in crime, unsafe communities, high incarceration rates and fosters a need for more prisons,
prison personnel, and more police in unsafe communities.
Alternative ll: State Funded Pell grants for Inmate Education Effectiveness: Based on Federal Pell
grant outcomes the creation of individual State funded Pell grant program would assist in large
numbers of inmates gaining access to education, job attainment and, reduce recidivism. Feasibility:
Due to today's political climate may be problematic in getting State Funds allocation passed through
the state legislature. However, this alternative due to positive cost benefits and inmate outcomes
should be highly considered in–lieu of federal Pell grant reinstatement, as creation of State Pell
grant type of PEP funding would allow the greatest number of inmate's access to post–secondary
education and vocational

The Mad Ones American Nostalgia Analysis
The Mad Ones American Nostalgia
If you head towards downtown New York City––towards the old, brick buildings where artists of all
kind seem to flock––you may stumble upon on of the many experimental theatre groups that call
this area their home. While their numbers grow everyday, few stand out from the crowd. The one
that stood out to me was The Mad Ones. This company is dedicated to creating visceral, ensemble–
driven, highly detailed theatrical experiences that examine and illuminate American nostalgia (The
Mad Ones, 2018). Not only does it sound like theatre that I want to see, but it has a deeper message
and motivation in not only one if its shows, but all of them. In this paper, I will be examining the
history of The Mad Ones, including ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Their latest show, Miles for Mary, was not created just by the company itself. The play was
commissioned and developed through the support of The Bushwick Starr with additional
developmental support from Ars Nova, and was also supported by the New York State Council on
the Arts with the support of Governor Andrew Cuomo and the New York State Legislature
(Plays––The Mad Ones). They were even given subsidized studio space provided by the
A.R.T./New York Creative Space Grant, supported by the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation, and
received additional support from the Studio42 Legacy Grant and The Nancy Quinn Fund, a
program of the Alliance of Resident Theatres/New York (Plays––The Mad

Gsk Annual Report 2010
Do more, feel better, live longer
GlaxoSmithKline Annual Report 2010
Contents
Business review P08–P57 Governance and remuneration P58–P101 Financial statements P102–
P191 Shareholder information P192–P212
Business review 2010 Performance overview Research and development Pipeline summary
Products, competition and intellectual property Regulation Manufacturing and supply World market
GSK sales performance Segment reviews Responsible business Financial review 2010 Financial
position and resources Financial review 2009 Risk factors Governance and remuneration Our Board
Our Corporate Executive Team Governance and policy Dialogue with shareholders Internal control
framework Committee reports Remuneration policy Director terms and ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Website GlaxoSmithKline's website www.gsk.com gives additional information on the Group.
Notwithstanding the references we make in this Annual Report to GlaxoSmithKline's website, none
of the information made available on the website constitutes part of this Annual Report or shall be
deemed to be incorporated by reference herein. Cautionary statement regarding forward–looking
statements The Group's reports filed with or furnished to the US Securities and Exchange
Commission (SEC), including this document and written information released, or oral statements
made, to the public in the future by or on behalf of the Group, may contain forward–looking
statements. Forward–looking statements give the Group's current expectations or forecasts of future
events. An investor can identify these statements by the fact that they do not relate strictly to
historical or current facts. They use words such as 'anticipate', 'estimate', 'expect', 'intend', 'will',
'project', 'plan', 'believe' and other words and terms of similar meaning in connection with any
discussion of future operating or financial performance. In particular, these include statements
relating to future actions, prospective products or product approvals, future performance or results
of current and anticipated products,

National Security Outline Essay
TABLE OF CONTENTS FOR NSL READING
CHAPTER 1: National Security Law and the Role of Tipson 1
CHAPTER 2: Theoretical approaches to national security world order 4
CHAPTER 3: Development of the International Law of Conflict Management 5
CHAPTER 4: The Use of Force in International Relations: Norms Concerning the Initiation of
Coercion (JNM) 7
CHAPTER 5: Institutional Modes of Conflict Management 17
The United Nations System 17
Proposals for Strengthening Management Institutional Modes of Conduct 23
CHAPTER 6: The Laws of War and Neutrality 24
CHAPTER 7: War Crimes and Nuremberg Principle 28
CHAPTER 12: Nuclear Weapons: Deployment, Targeting and Deterrence 33
CHAPTER 13: Arms Control in the Nuclear Age 36
Chapter 14: ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
–Military Sufficiency
–Issue is how much military capability is enough – is it enough to have the same capabilities as
potential threats or should we pursue superior capabilities –US leaders have varied greatly on how
much is enough –Domestic strength
–Important goal is to seek political cohesion, economic vitality, and good educational policies at
home because it will help country to prevail during war (increases domestic support and morale)
–Economic vitality and educational strength also provide resources to implement national security,
help develop weapons to compete with enemies, and allow country to mobilize quickly in time of
crisis –World Order –Some argue that balance of power is best way to achieve world order
–Others argue that we need to organize and civilize international politics to achieve world order – 4
variations on how to do this:
–1–Judicial approach – resolve differences between countries through third–party judges and
arbitrators
–2–Contractual approach –use collective agreements to limit use of force (consider Kellogg–Briand
Pact) –3–Legislative approach – League of Nations, UN
–4–Diplomatic approach – use diplomacy between national leaders to achieve stability –Global
Welfare –Protecting human rights and promoting democracy are the important methods here –Doing
these will improve domestic strength and world order as

Does Sustainability Reporting Improve Corporate...
This article was downloaded by: [120.59.18.202] On: 09 July 2013, At: 23:26 Publisher: Routledge
Informa Ltd Registered in England and Wales Registered Number: 1072954 Registered office:
Mortimer House, 37–41 Mortimer Street, London W1T 3JH, UK
Accounting and Business Research
Publication details, including instructions for authors and subscription information:
http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/rabr20
Does sustainability reporting improve corporate behaviour?: Wrong question? Right time?
Rob Gray a a
University of St Andrews Published online: 28 Feb 2012.
To cite this article: Rob Gray (2006) Does sustainability reporting improve corporate behaviour?:
Wrong question? Right time?, Accounting and Business Research, 36:sup1, ... Show more content
Downloaded by [120.59.18.202] at 23:26 09 July 2013
1. Introduction
'...information can promote better markets, in the broader sense of markets which deliver outcomes
that meet public policy objectives.' (Institute of Chartered Accountants in England and Wales
(ICAEW), 2004:14)
*The author is Professor of Social and Environmental Accounting at the University of St Andrews.
He wishes to formally acknowledge: the ICAEW for its financial support of this research; Richard
Macve for his early helpful comments on the paper; Adam Erusalimsky for his excellent work on
collating the global data and the critiques of that data as well as for his work with Crawford Spence
on making the first pass through UK Sustainability Reporting in preparation for this paper: and
Crawford Spence. Jan Bebbington, Sue Gray, David Collison and colleagues at St Andrews
Management School for their helpful comments and suggestions. The author is also pleased to
acknowledge the stimulating comments received at the ICAEW 'Infr,rmation for Better Markets '
Conference in December 2005. He wishes to make especial mention of Markus

Grant Proposal Requirements
Applying the strategies for writing proposals studied this week, I will be comparing the grant
proposal requirements for three separate foundations. The organizations being investigated are the
W.K. Kellogg, the Sherman, and Mellon Foundation. Furthermore, I will proceed by reviewing the
specific needs for each proposal distinguishing which elements remained the same across each
foundation. Moreover, I continue by noting any changes that must be made to the strategy used to
produce a proposal. Finally, I present any challenges that may arise from utilizing an online proposal
process versus a paper–based process.
Foundations and Requirements
WKKF
The W.K. Kellogg Foundation was established in 1930 by the cereal pioneer Will Keith Kellogg
(WKKF, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Each organization held different proposal requirements, but there were several similarities. While
the elements varied, the standard ones were projected goals, project summary, budget plan,
qualifications, past accomplishments, and background information. Two of the foundations expected
grant seekers to fill out an application; only then would they be invited to submit a proposal. There
were no significant changes I found to be necessary when applying for a proposal online. In regards
to strategy, I stated that proposal writers should first make sure they are a good fit for the grant.
Secondly, I suggested the proposal be planned out by a team to make sure no topics are missed as
well as for editing purposes. I liked that the foundations required an application before the proposal,
as it helps the grant writer prepare for the real

Annual Report Rolls-Royce
TeAmwork And Technology
Rolls–Royce Group plc Annual report 2010
Trusted to deliver excellence
BUSIneSS reVIew
01 Introduction and highlights 02 Chairman's statement 04 Chief Executive's review 08 Our
consistent strategy 20 Market outlook 22 Key performance indicators 26 Principal risks and
uncertainties 28 Review of operations 28 civil aerospace 30 defence aerospace 32 marine 34 energy
36 engineering and technology 38 operations 40 Services 42 Sustainability 48 Finance Director's
review
goVernAnce
56 56 58 58 59 62 63 63 64 67 78 80 81 81 Chairman's introduction Board of directors The Group
Executive The International Advisory Board Governance structure Audit committee report
Nominations committee report Ethics committee ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
MATURITY PROFILE OF THE GROUP DEBT COMMITMENTS £m
567
132
201
201
600 400
500
£m 01 Rolls–Royce Group plc annual report 2010 1 48
1
1

16.00
p
p
955
£m
£m
10
10
Governance
Business review
CReate woRld–ClaSS pRoduCtS aNd teChNology INtegRate Complex SyStemS delIVeR global
SolutIoNS
10
Business review
ChaIRmaN'S StatemeNt
this has been a testing year, both for the world economy and for Rolls–Royce. I am therefore
delighted to report that Rolls–Royce has performed well in these challenging circumstances.
Business review
the group conducts business on a global basis and has customers in 120 countries. It is this broad

A Capacity Theory of Comprehension: Individual Differences...
Psychological Review 1992, Vol. 99, No. 1,122–149
Copyright 1992 by the American Psychological Association, Inc. 0033–295X/92/J3.00
A Capacity Theory of Comprehension: Individual Differences in Working Memory
Marcel Adam Just and Patricia A. Carpenter Carnegie Mellon University
A theory of the way working memory capacity constrains comprehension is proposed. The theory
proposes that both processing and storage are mediated by activation and that the total amount of
activation available in working memory varies among individuals. Individual differences in working
memory capacity for language can account for qualitative and quantitative differences among
college–age adults in several aspects of language comprehension. One aspect is ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
A related function attributed to short–term memory is its role as a stepping stone on the path to
long–term memory, while information is being memorized through rehearsal or elaboration. Thus,
working memory has long been implicated in both short–term and long–term storage. A somewhat
more modern view of working memory takes into account not just the storage of items for later
retrieval, but also the storage of partial results in complex sequential computations, such as language
comprehension. The storage requirements at the lexical level during comprehension are intuitively
obvious. A listener or comprehender must be able to quickly retrieve some representation of earlier
words and phrases in a sentence to relate them to later words and phrases. But storage demands also
occur at several other levels of processing. The comprehender must also store the theme of the text,
the representation of the situation to which it refers, the major propositions from preceding
sentences, and a running, multilevel representation of the sentence that is currently being read
(Kintsch vanDijk, 1978; vanDijk Kintsch, 1983). Thus, language comprehension is an
excellent example of a task that demands extensive storage of partial and final products in the
service of complex information processing. Most recent conceptions of working memory extend its
function beyond storage to encompass the actual computations
122
CAPACITY

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