Different Theories that Affect Motivation

6. Self-efficacy, or confidence as it is
commonly known, is one of the
most enabling psychology models to
have been adopted into positive
psychology. It is the optimistic self-
belief in our competence or chances
of successfully accomplishing a
task and producing a favorable
outcome.

8. Other recommendations from
motivation theorist are:
Provide competence-promoting
feedback.
Promote mastery on challenging
tasks.
Promote self comparison rather
than comparison with others.
Be sure errors occur with in over
all context of success.

10. A student’s sense of self-
determination is
demonstrated in his capacity
for self regulation.
Self-regulation refers to a
person’s ability to master
himself.
A student’s sense of self-determination
is demonstrated in his capacity for self
regulation.
Self-regulation refers to a person’s
ability to master himself.

11. Omrod(2004) cotes the following processes
involved in self-regulated learning.
 GOAL-SETTING
 PLANNING
 ATTENTION CONTROL
 APPLICATION OF LEARNING
SRTATEGIES
 SELF-MONITORING
 SELF-EVALUATION

12. Here are some suggestions from motivation
theorist to enhance student’s sense of self-
determination about school activities and
assignments.
 Present rules and instructions in
an informational manner rather
than controlling manner.
 Provide opportunities for
students to make choices.
 Evaluate students performance
in a non-controlling fashion.

13. CHOICE
THEORY

14. What is Choice Theory?
By William Glasser, M.D.
Choice theory is a new psychology
developed by Dr. William Glasser
when he realized that all his
psychiatric work was based on
people choosing what they do so he
decided to call what he practices
choice theory.

15. In addition to the physical need for survival, we
have four basic psychological needs that must be
satisfied to be emotionally healthy:
BELONGING
OR
CONNECTING

20. Maslow's hierarchy of needs is a
motivational theory in psychology comprising a
five-tier model of human needs, often depicted
as hierarchical levels within a pyramid.
From the bottom of the hierarchy upwards,
the needs are: physiological, safety, love and
belonging, esteem and self-actualization. Needs
lower down in the hierarchy must be satisfied
before individuals can attend to needs higher
up.

23. Goal theory is an overall approach to
motivation that emphasizes the need to establish
goals as intrinsic motivation. A relationship exists
between goal difficulty, level of performance, and
effort involved. This relationship will remain positive,
so long as the person is committed to the goal, has
the pre-existing ability to attain it, and doesn't have
conflicting goals.

24. Goal theory states that several conditions are particularly
important in successful achievement. These include goal
acceptance and commitment, goal specificity, goal difficulty, and
feedback.
Motivation towards Goal Oriented learning is
influenced by the following variables:
· Mastery goals - understanding of concepts
and content, and application to tasks - learning,
task-involved, approach and avoidance
· Performance goals - performance, relative
ability, ego-involved, approach and avoidance
· Outcomes - goals, attributions, self-efficacy,
levels of cognitive engagement, self-regulation,
affect, interest, persistence, choice behaviour's

25. Generally goals are categorized as one of the
following:
• Mastery Approach: focus on mastering task,
learning , understanding
• Performance Approach: focus on being the
best in comparison to others
• Mastery Avoidance: Focus on avoiding
misunderstanding or not mastering task
correctly
• Performance Avoidance: Focus on avoiding
looking dumb in comparison to others

26. Thank you and
God bless!