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Detection of   Fragile X Syndrome  Mutation  using By: Connie Ross MS-PCR
Characteristics ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Behaviors ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Patient Management ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Inheritance ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],~ 1: 4000-6000 Males ~ 1: 8000-9000 Females
FMR1 Gene ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],~230+  Full Mutation 55-230  PreMutation 45-54  Gray Zone  5-44  Normal Telomeric Region of the X-chromosome Xq27.3 -  CH 3 Methylation   is responsible for inactivation of the FMR1 gene
Diagnostic Methods A good test must have the ability to determine (both)  Expansion  &  Methylation
XIST Gene as a Control FMR1 XIST FMR1 XIST FMR1 XIST Male Female Inactive Active XIST  Functions as an Internal Standard & Control in the Promoter Region to Determine Methylation Its Methylation Pattern Opposes that of FMR-1 X Y X a X i CH 3
Diagnostic Patterns
Deamination Bisulfate +  Cytosine (unmethylated) Uracil
BiSulfate Modification ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],UnMethylated DNA ggg g c g ga c c g c g… ggg g u g ga u u g u g… Methylated DNA ggg g c m g ga c c m g c m g… ggg g c m g ga u c m g c m g…
Promoter Region (Methylation) Repeat Region (Number of CGG-repeats) MS-PCR Concept
Promoter Region MS-PCR
100 bp marker Normal Female Normal Female Fragile X Female Neg. Ctrl Normal Male Fragile X Male 100 bp marker Promoter Region MS-PCR 100 bp 200 bp 300 bp 400 bp
Re:  Methylation Other Normal Samples Tested 100 bp marker Male - H0011 FM Std. - H0016 Male - H0012 Male - H0014 Neg. Ctrl 100 bp marker 100 bp marker Female - H0020 Female - H0021 Female - H0022 Female - H0023 Female - H0024 Female - H0025 FM Std. - H0016
Repeat Region MS-PCR
Repeat Region MS-PCR 100 bp marker Normal Female Normal Female Fragile X Female Neg. Ctrl Normal Male Fragile X Male 100 bp marker H0016 – ( 22 ) UnMethylated & ( 22 ) Methylated Repeats H0018 – ( 24 ) UnMethylated & ( 22 ) Methylated Repeats NA05855 – ( 32 ) Methylated Repeats H0010 – ( 38 ) UnMethylated Repeats NA06897 -  >230  Repeats 100 bp 200 bp 300 bp 400 bp
Re:  #CGG-Repeats Testing of all Samples 100 bp marker Fragile-X Male H0010 H0011 H0012 H0014 Neg. Ctrl Fragile-X Female H0016 H0018 H0019 H0020 Neg. Ctrl. H0021 H0022 H0023 H0024 H0025 Neg. Ctrl. 100 bp marker
Gold Standard Test Results   Southern Blot  29 29 28 22 28 29 22 29 29 29 23 29 Conventional PCR
Validation
Bringing Research into Patient Care
Acknowledgements Dr. Nader Ghebranious PhD Lynn Ivacic Chuck Dokken Dr. Philip Giampietro MD Dr. E. McPherson MD Christina Zaleski Steve Kaiser Dr. Mark Borchardt PhD Research Foundation Donors
Work Cited   ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

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Fragile X Syndrome Mutation by Methylation Sensitive PCR

  • 1. Detection of Fragile X Syndrome Mutation using By: Connie Ross MS-PCR
  • 2.
  • 3.
  • 4.
  • 5.
  • 6.
  • 7. Diagnostic Methods A good test must have the ability to determine (both) Expansion & Methylation
  • 8. XIST Gene as a Control FMR1 XIST FMR1 XIST FMR1 XIST Male Female Inactive Active XIST Functions as an Internal Standard & Control in the Promoter Region to Determine Methylation Its Methylation Pattern Opposes that of FMR-1 X Y X a X i CH 3
  • 10. Deamination Bisulfate +  Cytosine (unmethylated) Uracil
  • 11.
  • 12. Promoter Region (Methylation) Repeat Region (Number of CGG-repeats) MS-PCR Concept
  • 14. 100 bp marker Normal Female Normal Female Fragile X Female Neg. Ctrl Normal Male Fragile X Male 100 bp marker Promoter Region MS-PCR 100 bp 200 bp 300 bp 400 bp
  • 15. Re: Methylation Other Normal Samples Tested 100 bp marker Male - H0011 FM Std. - H0016 Male - H0012 Male - H0014 Neg. Ctrl 100 bp marker 100 bp marker Female - H0020 Female - H0021 Female - H0022 Female - H0023 Female - H0024 Female - H0025 FM Std. - H0016
  • 17. Repeat Region MS-PCR 100 bp marker Normal Female Normal Female Fragile X Female Neg. Ctrl Normal Male Fragile X Male 100 bp marker H0016 – ( 22 ) UnMethylated & ( 22 ) Methylated Repeats H0018 – ( 24 ) UnMethylated & ( 22 ) Methylated Repeats NA05855 – ( 32 ) Methylated Repeats H0010 – ( 38 ) UnMethylated Repeats NA06897 - >230 Repeats 100 bp 200 bp 300 bp 400 bp
  • 18. Re: #CGG-Repeats Testing of all Samples 100 bp marker Fragile-X Male H0010 H0011 H0012 H0014 Neg. Ctrl Fragile-X Female H0016 H0018 H0019 H0020 Neg. Ctrl. H0021 H0022 H0023 H0024 H0025 Neg. Ctrl. 100 bp marker
  • 19. Gold Standard Test Results Southern Blot 29 29 28 22 28 29 22 29 29 29 23 29 Conventional PCR
  • 21. Bringing Research into Patient Care
  • 22. Acknowledgements Dr. Nader Ghebranious PhD Lynn Ivacic Chuck Dokken Dr. Philip Giampietro MD Dr. E. McPherson MD Christina Zaleski Steve Kaiser Dr. Mark Borchardt PhD Research Foundation Donors
  • 23.

Editor's Notes

  1. “ The objective of my project was to develop an efficient Dx test for Fragile X syndrome based on a later sited publication”
  2. Most common cause of inherited mental retardation in males “ most common phenotypic characteristic…”
  3. “ X-Inactive Specific Transcript” (XIST) XIST does not produce a protein - Causes chromosome inactivation Expression of XIST causes…
  4. Low (but detectable) FMR-1 gene expression
  5. By Formula: Would have to be less than 229 bp @ RU & less than 285 bp @ RM to have less 55 repeats capable of producing a PCR product Avg ~29-CGG = 151bp
  6. In a clinical setting, will have to be performed with fluorescent markers using an ABI sequencer