This document provides an overview of fundamentals and generalities in the medical management of abdominal disorders. It defines abdominal disorders as disruptions to the structure or function of the abdominal wall or organs within the abdominal cavity. The major types of abdominal disorders are described as abdominal pain, mass, obstruction, bleeding, and jaundice. The causes of these disorders include trauma, cancers, tumors, infections and other conditions affecting the abdominal organs or tissues. Clinical diagnosis involves identifying the disorder based on symptoms and signs, then determining the specific underlying cause.

1. Empowerment
objective - for
laypeople to have an
understanding of
the FUNDAMENTALS
and GENERALITIES in
the MEDICAL
MANAGEMENT of
ABDOMINAL
DISORDERS.
Health Disorder
Course–
Fundamentals
and
Generalities in
Medical
Management
of
ABDOMINAL
DISORDERS
March 19, 2022
1400H - 1500H
Via Zoom

2. Empowerment
objective - for
laypeople to have an
understanding of
the FUNDAMENTALS
and GENERALITIES in
the MEDICAL
MANAGEMENT of
ABDOMINAL
DISORDERS.
Health Disorder
Course–
Fundamentals
and
Generalities in
Medical
Management
of
ABDOMINAL
DISORDERS
(Overview)
ROJoson PEP Talk
I have a Patient
Empowerment
Program in which I
like to empower the
lay people or
patients to take
control in the
management of
their health.

3. There are 3 courses
in the PEP Talk.
I completed the Core
Course on October 9,
2021.

4. From October 23,
2021 onwards, I have
been tackling Health
Disorder and Health
Issue Courses. This
may take 3 years or
longer.

5. Empowerment
objective - for
laypeople to have an
understanding of
the FUNDAMENTALS
and GENERALITIES in
the MEDICAL
MANAGEMENT of
ABDOMINAL
DISORDERS.
Health Disorder
Course–
Fundamentals
and
Generalities in
Medical
Management
of
ABDOMINAL
DISORDERS
My PEP TALK today
is entitled:
Fundamentals and
Generalities in
Medical
Management of
ABDOMINAL
DISORDERS – An
OVERVIEW. This is
part of the Health
Disorder Course.

6. Modules of ABDOMINAL DISORDER
COURSE
• Abdominal Disorders - Overview
• Abdominal Pain
• Abdominal Mass
• Abdominal Obstruction
• Abdominal Bleeding
• Jaundice
• Gallbladder Disorder
• Hemorrhoids
• Abdominal Hernia
Fundamentals
and Generalities
in Medical
Management of
ABDOMINAL
DISORDERS

7. Contents of ABDOMINAL DISORDERS
[OVERVIEW]
• What is an abdominal disorder?
• What are the different types of abdominal
disorders?
• What are the causes of abdominal disorders?
• How common are the abdominal disorders?
• Clinical diagnosis of abdominal disorders?
• Paraclinical diagnostic procedures for
abdominal disorders?
• Basic treatment modalities for abdominal
disorders?
Fundamentals
and Generalities
in Medical
Management of
ABDOMINAL
DISORDERS

8. Fundamentals
and Generalities
in Medical
Management of
ABDOMINAL
DISORDERS
Definition of Terms in Title AND Delimitation of
Coverage of Talk:
Fundamentals – simplest and essential facts and
theories which can serve as a basis or foundation
and support for advanced information
Generalities – general statements of info, not
covering specifics and details
Medical Management – diagnosis and treatment
by physicians

9. • What is an abdominal disorder?
Fundamentals
and Generalities
in Medical
Management of
ABDOMINAL
DISORDERS

10. • What is an abdominal disorder?
Fundamentals
and Generalities
in Medical
Management of
ABDOMINAL
DISORDERS
First, the meaning of DISORDER.
DISORDER is a definite disruption to regular
bodily structure and function but the specific
cause is not yet determined.
Once identified, the specific cause is called
the DISEASE.

11. • What is an abdominal disorder?
Fundamentals
and Generalities
in Medical
Management of
ABDOMINAL
DISORDERS
Second, the meaning of ABDOMEN.
ABDOMEN is the belly.
It has the abdominal wall and within it, is the
abdominal cavity, or body space.
The belly or abdomen is below the thorax (chest).
The diaphragm forms the upper surface of the
abdominal cavity. It serves as the boundary
between the abdominal cavity and the chest
cavity.

12. • What is an abdominal disorder?
Fundamentals
and Generalities
in Medical
Management of
ABDOMINAL
DISORDERS
Second, the meaning of ABDOMEN.
ABDOMEN is the belly.
In the abdominal cavity are various organs such as
the liver, gallbladder, stomach, small and large
intestines, pancreas, spleen, kidneys, urinary
bladder, uterus, ovaries, etc.

13. • What is an abdominal disorder?
Fundamentals
and Generalities
in Medical
Management of
ABDOMINAL
DISORDERS
ABDOMINAL DISORDER is a DISORDER OF THE
ABDOMEN.
- definite disruption to regular bodily structure
and function of the belly (inclusive of the
abdominal wall and the organs inside the
abdominal cavity)
- but the specific cause is NOT yet determined.

14. • What is an abdominal disorder?
Fundamentals
and Generalities
in Medical
Management of
ABDOMINAL
DISORDERS
Thus, an ABDOMINAL DISORDER is a DISORDER of
the:
• Abdominal wall
• Organs and tissues within the abdominal cavity
• Liver
• Gallbladder
• Stomach
• Small and large intestines
• Spleen
• Pancreas
• Kidney
• Uterus / ovaries

15. • What is an abdominal disorder?
Fundamentals
and Generalities
in Medical
Management of
ABDOMINAL
DISORDERS
Once the specific cause of the ABDOMINAL
DISORDER is identified, then a diagnosis of a
DISEASE is given:
• Abdominal wall – e.g. Hernia, soft tissue sarcoma
• Liver – e.g. Hepatoma, cirrhosis
• Gallbladder – e.g. Gallbladder stones
• Stomach –e.g. Gastric ulcer, gastric cancer
• Small and large intestines – e.g. Enteritis, cancer
• Spleen – e.g. Hematological splenomegaly, cancer
• Pancreas – e.g. Pancreatitis, pancreatic cancer
• Kidney – e.g. Kidney stones, cancer
• Uterus / ovaries – e.g. Myoma, ovarian cancer

16. • What are the different types of abdominal
disorders?
Fundamentals
and Generalities
in Medical
Management of
ABDOMINAL
DISORDERS

17. • What are the different types of abdominal
disorders?
Fundamentals
and Generalities
in Medical
Management of
ABDOMINAL
DISORDERS
• Abdominal Pain
• Abdominal Mass
• Abdominal Obstruction
• Abdominal Bleeding
• Jaundice
DISORDERS with VARIOUS SPECIFIC CAUSES!

18. • What are the different types of abdominal
disorders?
Fundamentals
and Generalities
in Medical
Management of
ABDOMINAL
DISORDERS
• Abdominal Pain – SAKIT NG TIYAN
• Abdominal Mass – BUKOL SA TIYAN
• Abdominal Obstruction – BARADO SA BITUKA
O TUBO SA TIYAN
• Abdominal Bleeding – DUGO SA O GALING SA
TIYAN
• Jaundice – PANINILAW NG MATA NA
APEKTADO ANG ATAY
DISORDERS with VARIOUS SPECIFIC CAUSES!

19. • What are the causes of abdominal disorders?
Fundamentals
and Generalities
in Medical
Management of
ABDOMINAL
DISORDERS

20. • What are the causes of abdominal disorders?
Fundamentals
and Generalities
in Medical
Management of
ABDOMINAL
DISORDERS
DISORDERS
• Abdominal Pain
• Abdominal Mass
• Abdominal Obstruction
• Abdominal Bleeding
• Jaundice
CAUSES

21. • What are the causes of abdominal disorders?
Fundamentals
and Generalities
in Medical
Management of
ABDOMINAL
DISORDERS
CAUSES – PAIN FROM
TRAUMA
NON-TRAUMA
• Abdominal MASS – different subcauses
• Abdominal OBSTRUCTION different
subcauses
• Abdominal BLEEDING – different
subcauses
• JAUNDICE – different subcauses
DISORDERS
• Abdominal Pain (SAKIT
NG TIYAN)
• Abdominal Mass
• Abdominal Obstruction
• Abdominal Bleeding
• Jaundice

22. • What are the causes of abdominal disorders?
Fundamentals
and Generalities
in Medical
Management of
ABDOMINAL
DISORDERS
DISORDERS
• Abdominal Pain
• Abdominal Mass
(BUKOL SA TIYAN)
• Abdominal Obstruction
• Abdominal Bleeding
• Jaundice

23. • What are the causes of abdominal disorders?
Fundamentals
and Generalities
in Medical
Management of
ABDOMINAL
DISORDERS
CAUSES
Abdominal MASS – originating from the
belly (abdominal WALL and ORGANS /
TISSUES within abdominal CAVITY)
• Cancers
• Non-cancers
• Abscess
DISORDERS
• Abdominal Pain
• Abdominal Mass
(BUKOL SA TIYAN)
• Abdominal Obstruction
• Abdominal Bleeding
• Jaundice

24. • What are the causes of abdominal disorders?
Fundamentals
and Generalities
in Medical
Management of
ABDOMINAL
DISORDERS
CAUSES
Any tubes in the abdominal cavity that
channel fluid or foods can be obstructed.
Examples:
• Stomach
• Small intestines
• Large intestines
• Hepatobiliary tree or duct
• Ureters
DISORDERS
• Abdominal Pain
• Abdominal Mass
• Abdominal Obstruction
(BARADO SA BITUKA O
TUBO SA TIYAN)
• Abdominal Bleeding
• Jaundice

25. • What are the causes of abdominal disorders?
Fundamentals
and Generalities
in Medical
Management of
ABDOMINAL
DISORDERS
CAUSES
Any tubes in the
abdominal cavity that
channel fluid or foods
can be obstructed.
Examples:
• Stomach
• Small intestines
• Large intestines
DISORDERS
• Abdominal Pain
• Abdominal Mass
• Abdominal Obstruction
(BARADO SA BITUKA O
TUBO SA TIYAN)
• Abdominal Bleeding
• Jaundice

26. • What are the causes of abdominal disorders?
Fundamentals
and Generalities
in Medical
Management of
ABDOMINAL
DISORDERS
CAUSES
Any tubes in the
abdominal cavity
that channel fluid
or foods can be
obstructed.
Examples:
• Hepatobiliary
tree
DISORDERS
• Abdominal Pain
• Abdominal Mass
• Abdominal Obstruction
(BARADO SA BITUKA O
TUBO SA TIYAN)
• Abdominal Bleeding
• Jaundice

27. • What are the causes of abdominal disorders?
Fundamentals
and Generalities
in Medical
Management of
ABDOMINAL
DISORDERS
CAUSES
Any tubes in the
abdominal cavity
that channel fluid
or foods can be
obstructed.
Examples:
• Ureters
DISORDERS
• Abdominal Pain
• Abdominal Mass
• Abdominal Obstruction
(BARADO SA BITUKA O
TUBO SA TIYAN)
• Abdominal Bleeding
• Jaundice

28. • What are the causes of abdominal disorders?
Fundamentals
and Generalities
in Medical
Management of
ABDOMINAL
DISORDERS
CAUSES
Any tubes in the abdominal cavity that
channel fluid or foods can be obstructed.
Abdominal obstruction can be caused by:
• Cancers
• Non-cancers
• Benign tumors
• Adhesions
• Intussusception
• Abscess
DISORDERS
• Abdominal Pain
• Abdominal Mass
• Abdominal Obstruction
(BARADO SA BITUKA O
TUBO SA TIYAN)
• Abdominal Bleeding
• Jaundice

29. • What are the causes of abdominal disorders?
Fundamentals
and Generalities
in Medical
Management of
ABDOMINAL
DISORDERS
CAUSES
Any tubes in the abdominal cavity
that channel fluid or foods can be
obstructed.
Abdominal obstruction can be caused
by:
• Cancers
• Non-cancers
• Benign tumors
• Tumors
DISORDERS
• Abdominal Pain
• Abdominal Mass
• Abdominal Obstruction
(BARADO SA BITUKA O
TUBO SA TIYAN)
• Abdominal Bleeding
• Jaundice

30. • What are the causes of abdominal disorders?
Fundamentals
and Generalities
in Medical
Management of
ABDOMINAL
DISORDERS
CAUSES
Any tubes in the abdominal cavity that
channel fluid or foods can be obstructed.
Abdominal obstruction can be caused by:
• Cancers
• Non-cancers
• Benign tumors
• Adhesions
DISORDERS
• Abdominal Pain
• Abdominal Mass
• Abdominal Obstruction
(BARADO SA BITUKA O
TUBO SA TIYAN)
• Abdominal Bleeding
• Jaundice

31. • What are the causes of abdominal disorders?
Fundamentals
and Generalities
in Medical
Management of
ABDOMINAL
DISORDERS
CAUSES
Any tubes in the abdominal cavity that
channel fluid or foods can be obstructed.
Abdominal obstruction can be caused by:
• Cancers
• Non-cancers
• Benign tumors
• Adhesions
• Intussusception
DISORDERS
• Abdominal Pain
• Abdominal Mass
• Abdominal Obstruction
(BARADO SA BITUKA O
TUBO SA TIYAN)
• Abdominal Bleeding
• Jaundice

32. • What are the causes of abdominal disorders?
Fundamentals
and Generalities
in Medical
Management of
ABDOMINAL
DISORDERS
CAUSES
Abdominal BLEEDING – originating from
the belly (abdominal WALL and ORGANS /
TISSUES within abdominal CAVITY)
• TRAUMA
• NON-TRAUMA
• Cancers
• Non-cancers
• Benign tumors
• Ulcers / Hemorrhoids
• Infections
DISORDERS
• Abdominal Pain
• Abdominal Mass
• Abdominal Obstruction
• Abdominal Bleeding
(DUGO SA O GALING SA
TIYAN)
• Jaundice

33. • What are the causes of abdominal disorders?
Fundamentals
and Generalities
in Medical
Management of
ABDOMINAL
DISORDERS
CAUSES
Gastrointestinal BLEEDING – originating
from GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT in the
abdomen
• Upper GI Bleeding (upper part – usually
stomach and duodenum)
• Lower GI Bleeding (lower part – rectum,
colon, ileum, jejunum)
DISORDERS
• Abdominal Pain
• Abdominal Mass
• Abdominal Obstruction
• Abdominal Bleeding
(DUGO SA O GALING SA
TIYAN)
• Jaundice

34. • What are the causes of abdominal disorders?
Fundamentals
and Generalities
in Medical
Management of
ABDOMINAL
DISORDERS
CAUSES
Jaundice – different causes
• Liver disease
• Biliary tree disease
• Cancers
• Non-cancer tumors
• Cirrhosis
• Stones
DISORDERS
• Abdominal Pain
• Abdominal Mass
• Abdominal Obstruction
• Abdominal Bleeding
• Jaundice (PANINILAW
NG MATA NA
APEKTADO ANG ATAY)

35. • How common are the abdominal disorders?
Fundamentals
and Generalities
in Medical
Management of
ABDOMINAL
DISORDERS

36. • How common are the abdominal disorders?
Fundamentals
and Generalities
in Medical
Management of
ABDOMINAL
DISORDERS
• Abdominal Pain – most common
• Abdominal Mass
• Abdominal Obstruction
• Abdominal Bleeding
• Jaundice
Common

37. • Clinical diagnosis of abdominal disorders?
Fundamentals
and Generalities
in Medical
Management of
ABDOMINAL
DISORDERS

38. • Clinical diagnosis of abdominal disorders?
Fundamentals
and Generalities
in Medical
Management of
ABDOMINAL
DISORDERS
TIPS:
Start with identifying the DISORDER based on
symptoms and signs.
• Abdominal Pain
• Abdominal Mass
• Abdominal Obstruction
• Abdominal Bleeding
• Jaundice
DISORDER
SPECIFIC CAUSE

39. • Clinical diagnosis of abdominal disorders?
Fundamentals
and Generalities
in Medical
Management of
ABDOMINAL
DISORDERS
TIPS:
Then look for cues for a SPECIFIC CAUSE or
DISEASE causing the DISORDER.
Use PATTERN RECOGNITION of a particular
disease and PREVALENCE process in those with
similar presentation of symptoms and signs.
DISORDER
SPECIFIC CAUSE

40. • Clinical diagnosis of abdominal disorders?
Fundamentals
and Generalities
in Medical
Management of
ABDOMINAL
DISORDERS
TIPS:
BASIC EVALUATION METHODS:
• HISTORY TAKING – TO GET SYMPTOMS
• PHYSICAL EXAMINATION – TO GET SIGNS
CLINICAL DIAGNOSIS

41. • Clinical diagnosis of abdominal disorders?
Fundamentals
and Generalities
in Medical
Management of
ABDOMINAL
DISORDERS
TIPS:
BASIC EVALUATION METHODS:
• HISTORY TAKING – TO GET SYMPTOMS
• PHYSICAL EXAMINATION – TO GET SIGNS
CLINICAL DIAGNOSIS
Basic data needed in
HISTORY:
• When initial
symptoms noted
• Subsequent
course
• Associated
symptoms

42. • Clinical diagnosis of abdominal disorders?
Fundamentals
and Generalities
in Medical
Management of
ABDOMINAL
DISORDERS
TIPS:
BASIC EVALUATION METHODS:
• HISTORY TAKING – TO GET SYMPTOMS
• PHYSICAL EXAMINATION – TO GET SIGNS
CLINICAL DIAGNOSIS
Basic data needed in
EXAMINATION:
LOOK and PALPATE
• Look for bulge
• Look for
distention
• Palpate for mass
• Palpate for
tenderness

43. • Clinical diagnosis of abdominal disorders?
Fundamentals
and Generalities
in Medical
Management of
ABDOMINAL
DISORDERS
TIPS:
BASIC EXAMINATION OF THE ABDOMEN:
LOOK AND PALPATE
• LOOK for unusual bulge that may suggest
mass.
• LOOK for abdominal distention that may
suggest intestinal obstruction, mass or fluid.
• PALPATE for possible presence of mass.
• PALPATE for presence of tenderness (pain on
pressure) – if present, location and severity.

44. • Clinical diagnosis of abdominal disorders?
Fundamentals
and Generalities
in Medical
Management of
ABDOMINAL
DISORDERS
TIPS:
BASIC EXAMINATION OF THE ABDOMEN:
LOOK AND PALPATE
• LOOK for unusual bulge that may suggest
mass.
• LOOK for abdominal distention that may
suggest intestinal obstruction, mass or fluid.
• PALPATE for possible presence of mass.
• PALPATE for presence of tenderness (pain on
pressure) – if present, location and severity.

45. • Clinical diagnosis of abdominal disorders?
Fundamentals
and Generalities
in Medical
Management of
ABDOMINAL
DISORDERS
TIPS:
BASIC EXAMINATION OF THE ABDOMEN:
LOOK AND PALPATE
• LOOK for unusual bulge that may suggest
mass.
• LOOK for abdominal distention that may
suggest intestinal obstruction, mass or fluid.
• PALPATE for possible presence of mass.
• PALPATE for presence of tenderness (pain on
pressure) – if present, location and severity.

46. • Clinical diagnosis of abdominal disorders?
Fundamentals
and Generalities
in Medical
Management of
ABDOMINAL
DISORDERS
TIPS:
BASIC EXAMINATION OF THE ABDOMEN:
LOOK AND PALPATE
• LOOK for unusual bulge that may suggest
mass.
• LOOK for abdominal distention that may
suggest intestinal obstruction, mass or fluid.
• PALPATE for possible presence of mass.
• PALPATE for presence of tenderness (pain on
pressure) – if present, location and severity.

47. • Clinical diagnosis of abdominal disorders?
Fundamentals
and Generalities
in Medical
Management of
ABDOMINAL
DISORDERS
TIPS:
ABDOMINAL PAIN – use LOCATION to suspect the
possible organ of concern.

48. • Clinical diagnosis of abdominal disorders?
Fundamentals
and Generalities
in Medical
Management of
ABDOMINAL
DISORDERS
TIPS:
ABDOMINAL PAIN – ask and use NATURE OF PAIN
to suspect the possible organ of concern –
whether HOLLOW OR SOLID ORGANS are
involved.
CRAMPY abdominal pain – usually hollow organ
involvement like gallbladder, stomach, intestines,
etc.
NOT CRAMPY – usually solid organs or peritonitis
(inflammation of the lining of abdomen)

49. • Clinical diagnosis of abdominal disorders?
Fundamentals
and Generalities
in Medical
Management of
ABDOMINAL
DISORDERS
TIPS:
ABDOMINAL MASS – use LOCATION to suspect
the possible organ of concern.

50. • Clinical diagnosis of abdominal disorders?
Fundamentals
and Generalities
in Medical
Management of
ABDOMINAL
DISORDERS
TIPS:
GASTROINTESTINAL OBSTRUCTION –
CUES: abdominal pain, vomiting, abdominal
distention, and no bowel movement
• Palpate for a MASS as a possible cause and
location of obstruction
• If no MASS, consider adhesions in patients
with history of abdominal operation
• Use color of vomitus as cues for site of
obstruction – not yellow/green = stomach level
and up; yellow/green = below the stomach

51. • Clinical diagnosis of abdominal disorders?
Fundamentals
and Generalities
in Medical
Management of
ABDOMINAL
DISORDERS
TIPS:
GASTROINTESTINAL BLEEDING –
CUES: vomiting of frank blood; passage of frank
blood per anus; black stools per anus
• Palpate for a MASS as a possible cause
• If no mass, use the color of vomitus and stools
as cues:
• Upper GI Bleeding – vomiting of frank
blood; black stools per anus
• Lower GI Bleeding – passage of frank blood
per anus

52. • Clinical diagnosis of abdominal disorders?
Fundamentals
and Generalities
in Medical
Management of
ABDOMINAL
DISORDERS
TIPS:
JAUNDICE
CUE: yellowing of the eyes (the white part)
• Palpate for a MASS in the LIVER as a possible
cause.
• If no mass, look for symptoms suggestive of
hepatitis, gallbladder disease (with stones in
the biliary passage) or pancreatic disease.

53. • Paraclinical diagnostic procedures for
abdominal disorders?
Fundamentals
and Generalities
in Medical
Management of
ABDOMINAL
DISORDERS

54. • Paraclinical diagnostic procedures for
abdominal disorders?
Fundamentals
and Generalities
in Medical
Management of
ABDOMINAL
DISORDERS
Common instrumental and laboratory diagnostic
procedures for ABDOMINAL DISORDER:
• Imaging procedures (x-rays – plain / with
barium dye; ultrasound; CT scan; MRI; PET
scan; etc.)
• Endoscopy (upper - esophagogastroscopy /
lower – colonoscopy, sigmoidoscopy,
proctoscopy)
• Blood tests (CBC; liver function tests; hepatitis
profile; tumor markers; etc.)

55. • Paraclinical diagnostic procedures for
abdominal disorders?
Fundamentals
and Generalities
in Medical
Management of
ABDOMINAL
DISORDERS
Competencies required of physicians managing
abdominal disorders:
• Know the uses and indications of all known
instrumental and laboratory diagnostic
procedures for abdominal disorders.
• Use as needed and indicated.
• Select the most cost-effective one using the
BRCA process.
• Know how to interpret the results.

56. • Paraclinical diagnostic procedures for
abdominal disorders?
Fundamentals
and Generalities
in Medical
Management of
ABDOMINAL
DISORDERS
BRCA Process in selecting diagnostic procedures
Procedures Benefit
(goal – to
be more
definite on
the
diagnosis)
Risk Cost Availability
Option1
Option2
Option3

57. • Basic treatment modalities for abdominal
disorders?
Fundamentals
and Generalities
in Medical
Management of
ABDOMINAL
DISORDERS

58. • Basic treatment modalities for abdominal
disorders?
Fundamentals
and Generalities
in Medical
Management of
ABDOMINAL
DISORDERS
DISORDERS SPECIFIC DISEASE SURGICAL / NON-SURGICAL*
• Abdominal Pain
• Abdominal Mass
• Abdominal Obstruction
• Abdominal Bleeding
• Jaundice
• Surgical – outright surgical
• Non-surgical – non-surgical at all times (no intervention)
• Potentially surgical – surgical only when needed

59. • Basic treatment modalities for abdominal
disorders?
Fundamentals
and Generalities
in Medical
Management of
ABDOMINAL
DISORDERS
DISORDERS SPECIFIC DISEASE SURGICAL / NON-SURGICAL*
Examples of Surgical Abdomen
• Abdominal Pain PERITONITIS
• Abdominal Mass OPERABLE CANCER
• Abdominal Obstruction OBSTRUCTION BY TUMOR
• Abdominal Bleeding TUMOR BLEEDING
• Jaundice OBSTRUCTIVE JAUNDICE -STONE
• Surgical – outright surgical
• Non-surgical – non-surgical at all times (no intervention)
• Potentially surgical – surgical only when needed

60. • Basic treatment modalities for abdominal
disorders?
Fundamentals
and Generalities
in Medical
Management of
ABDOMINAL
DISORDERS
BRCA Process in selecting cost-effective treatment
modality.

61. Contents of ABDOMINAL DISORDERS
[OVERVIEW]
• What is an abdominal disorder?
• What are the different types of abdominal
disorders?
• What are the causes of abdominal disorders?
• How common are the abdominal disorders?
• Clinical diagnosis of abdominal disorders?
• Paraclinical diagnostic procedures for
abdominal disorders?
• Basic treatment modalities for abdominal
disorders?
Fundamentals
and Generalities
in Medical
Management of
ABDOMINAL
DISORDERS
Summary
Take Away

62. Fundamentals
and Generalities
in Medical
Management of
ABDOMINAL
DISORDERS
Be always in touch with reliable medical
information on fundamentals and
generalities in medical management of
ABDOMINAL DISORDERS.
Knowledge is power; it gives power.
Use the 4Ks of Patient Empowerment:
Kaalaman, Kakayanan, Karapatan and
Kapangyarihan
to gain greater control over decisions in
medical management of ABDOMINAL
DISORDERS.
Take Away in
relation to
Patient
Empowerment

63. Empowerment
objective - for
laypeople to have an
understanding of
the FUNDAMENTALS
and GENERALITIES in
the MEDICAL
MANAGEMENT of
ABDOMINAL
DISORDERS.
Health Disorder
Course–
Fundamentals
and
Generalities in
Medical
Management
of
ABDOMINAL
DISORDERS
March 19, 2022
1400H - 1500H
Via Zoom