Preventing & management of obesity in unani system of medicine.

1. Management of Obesity
in Unani System of Medicine
Hakim . Shaikh Nikhat
(MD Unani Medicine)
Research Officer
Regional Research Institution of Unani Medicine Mumbai.
Ministry of AYUSH, Govt. of India
E-mail ID: drnikhat.unani@gmail.com

3. Central Council For Research in
Unani Medicine (CCRUM)

4. • It is a Unani council which is working under the
Ministry of AYUSH, Govt. of India
• The council is engaged in multi modal research
activities
• responsible for important work in the development
of Unani System of Medicine in India.
• It is committed to promoting healthy outcomes
for all over the India
• Providing health facilities for everyone , for
healthy life
• This lecture is primarily based on the Unani
concept of obesity to bring forth the most
current and useful information to manage the
diseases.

5. Objectives
• Define obesity
• Its Causes & consequences
• Unani Concept of Obesity
• Unani approach to reduce obesity
• How to prevent obesity

6. What do you mean by Obesity???

7. Scientific definition of Obesity
• Definition: excessive weight that may
impair health
• How do we measure If someone is obese?
– Body Mass Index (BMI): is a simple index of weight-
for-height used to classify overweight and obesity in
adults.
– It is defined as a (kg/m2).

8. Body mass index (BMI)
• The WHO definition:
• BMI Categories:
– Normal weight = 18.5-24.9
– Overweight = 25-29.9
– Obesity = BMI of 30 or greater
(classification does not apply to people younger than
18 years of age, pregnant women, or breast-feeding
women.)

9. Just a Example
• BMI = body weight (kg) ÷ height² (m)
• Weigh: 150 lbs (68 kg) and
• Height: 5'8" (5 fit & 8 inch) = (1.73 m)
Calculation: 68 ∕ (1.73 × 1.73) or 2.99.
Result: 22.74 (healthy range).

10. HIP – WAIST RATIO

11. Just the Facts!
• According to WHO:
As of 2005
– 1.6 billion adults (over 15 years old) are
overweight
– 400 million are obese
– Projects by 2020, 2.3 billion will be overweight
and 700 million obese
Ref: World Health Organization.(2008). Obesity and
overweight. Fact sheet #311. Retrieved from
http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs3
11/en

13. Prevalence of childhood obesity
• It is one of the most serious public health challenges of the 21st
century.
• The problem is global and is steadily affecting many low- and
middle-income countries.
• Globally, in 2010 the number of overweight children under the age
of five years.
• It is estimated to be over 42 million. Close to 35 million of these
are living in developing countries.
• Overweight and obese children are likely to stay obese into
adulthood
• More likely to develop non communicable diseases like diabetes
and cardiovascular diseases at a younger age.
• Prevention of childhood obesity therefore needs high priority.”

14. Types of Obesity
Now "one-size-fits-all" approach is
quit changed
Six Type of Obesity

15. CAUSES?????
What do you think about
the cause of Obesity

16. You are right???
Obesity is extra bank balance of fat in
your body
• Simple equation…when you eat more than
you use..it is stored in your body as
“fat”.
– Causes
• Global shift in how we eat
• Western diet of processed food
• Higher sugar, fat and calories in what we eat
• Less nutrients
• Reduced intake of vitamins and minerals

18. What does obesity do to our
bodies? (Effects)
– Cardiovascular disease
– Diabetes type 2
– Musculoskeletal disorders
– Cancers-endometrial, cervical and colon
– Infertility
– PCODs
– Gallstones
– Premature death and disability

19. The secondary effect of obesity
are 80 % Medicare cost factors worldwide

20. What Modern medicine sys about
management of Obesity
• In mild to Moderate cases:
• By improve quality of life (Diet, exercise)
• Advice to eat a healthy, balanced
(No daily diet with less than 1000 to 1200 calories)
• "Crash diets“: It is a method to lose weight really
fast in a short period of time, by reducing the
daily calorie intake
• "Crash diets“: are never successful in the long
term because once the diet is stopped, the
weight usually comes back.
• Regular physical activity

21. Medical intervention
• Medications aren't "magic cures" leading to
permanent weight loss.
• They are only for people who are classified as
obese or have secondary diseases
• Which may produce adverse effects on long
term uses

22. Surgery is only considered when
other weight management
options have not been successful
• gastric surgery
• gastric bypass surgery
• laparoscopic band surgery
• Roux-en-Y gastric bypass
• stomach "stapling“
• Liposuction
• Any advertisement product

23. Unani concept of
Obesity

24. Obesity = Siman Mufrit
Siman = Fats
Mufrit = Excessive
• Obesity - Latin word ‘obedere’, to devour (eat
greedily) and in English means very fat.
• Excess of shaham is due to ratoobat and
baroodat.
• Thus, obesity can be defined as excessive of
shaham (fats) in which baroodat (Cold) and
ratoobat (moist) is increases in the body.

25. In famous classical books
• First it was Buqrat (420 BC) who gave detailed
description of obesity including its
complications, prevention and management in
his famous book “Fasoole Buqratia”.
• Al Qanoon (Canon of Medicine) by Ibne Sina
• Moalijat-e-Buqratiya by Buqrat
• Firdousal Hikmat by Ali Bin Rabban Tabri
• Al Havee by Zakariya Razi

26. Types of Obesity in classical books
•Local
•General

27. Example of local obesity (Simane
Mufrit)
Vital organs
Heart
Brain
Liver
Kidney

28. How Obesity Affects Your Liver
• The term non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD): hepatic steatosis
resulting from excess weight in the absence of a history of alcohol use or
other known liver diseases.
• NASH: non-alcoholic steato -hepatitis

29. How Obesity Affects Your Heart
• CAD
• Ischemia
• Hear Attack

30. How Obesity Affects Your Kidney
• CKD
• Nephritis
• Pyelonephritis

31. How Obesity Affects Your Brain
• Stroke
• Paralysis

32. How Obesity Affects Your Abdomen

33. Example of General obesity
(Simane Mufrit)

34. Etio - Pathology
• Disturbances in Hadhm wa
Istehala (Digestion & Metabolism)
• Disturbances in temperament (Sue
Mizaj)
• Disturbances in Six Essential
Factors (Asbab-e-Sitta Zarooriyah)

35. Disturbances in Metabolism
(Islahe Hadhm wa Istehala)
• Metabolism & Digestion
comes under the
Hudhoom Arba
(Four Stages of Digestion)
1.Hadhm-e- Medi
(Stomach)
2.Hadm-e- Mewi (Intestine)
3.Hadhm-e -Kabidi (Liver)
4.Hadhm-e- Udhvee
• (Specific organ)

36. Specially Digestive (for Stomach) &
Liver Correctives (For Stomach)
• Liver is a metabolic hub
• Kitchen of the body
• Functions:
• Metabolism
• Detoxifications
• Secretes bile
• Makes proteins important
for blood clotting etc….

37. Temperament & Disturbed
temperament (Mizaj & Sue Mizaj)
Balghami Mizaj person’s are
prone for the obesity.
Because Balgham is having Barid
Ratab Mizaj
Obesity - a condition in which
baroodat (Cold) and ratoobat
(moist) in the body increases.

39. Peculiarity of Balghami Mizaj
Strengths
• Relaxed
• Quite and calm
• Consistent
• Faithfull friend
• Accepting
• Diplomatic
• Peacemaking
• Observant & listener
• Talented
Weaknesses
• Shy
• Fearful of changes
• Laziness
• Stubborn
• Not goal oriented
• Un enthusiastic
• Too compromising
• Undisciplined
• Discouraging
• Non participative

40. Balance = Health
• Balghami Mizaj (Phlegmatic temperament) =
Baroodat & Ratoobat in balance (water)
• Damvi Mizaj (Sanguine T) = Hararat &
Ratoobat in Balance (Air)
• Safravi Mizaj (Bilious T) = Hararat & Yaboosat
in balance (Fire)
• Saudavi Mizaj (Malencholic T) = Baroodat &
Yaboosat in balance (Earth)

41. Sue-e-Mizaj
Balghami
Increase in Baroodat
& Ratoobat
Obesity
fat is presence inform of
dasoomat (viscous
substances) or Lathif &
Ghaleez Shahm in blood
Dasoomat of blood,
solidifies and deposited
in the form of Ghaleez
shaham (Bad Cholestrol
/ LDL).

42. BUTTER / OIL

43. Causes of Increase Baroodat &
Ratoobat
• External: cold climate, cold season, cold bath
etc
• Internal: cold foods & cold drinks,

44. Disturbances in Asbab-e-Sitta
Zarooriyah
Hawa-Muheet
(Atmospheric Air)
Makoolat wa
Mashroobat (Foods
& Drinks)
Harkatwa Sukoon-e-
Badni
(Physical Movements
& Rest)
Harkat wa Sukoon-e-
Nafsani
(Mental Movements
& Rest)
Noam wa Yaqza
(Sleep &
Wakefulness)
Ehtibas wa Istafragh
(Retention of
Essentials &
Excretion of Wastes).

45. Makoolat wa Mashroobat (Foods &
Drinks)
Good nutrition is an important part of leading a
healthy lifestyle.
• Diet plays an important role in the genesis
of obesity.
• These Bad food habit depend:
• Personal choices,
• advertising,
• social customs and cultural influences,
• food availability and pricing

46. The truck is loaded with what must be consumed over a
lifetime to sustain a person of average size.

47. Now a days ---We are Overloaded

48. Bad Drink Habits

49. Bad Foods Habit

50. Harkat-wo-Sukoon-e-Jismiah
(less bodily Exercise
and More resting condition)
• There are multiple diseases associated with
obesity and physical inactivity….Obesity
• Overweight Employees Are Less Productive
• Reasons
• In children: Indoor games , T,V, computor,mobil
etc
• In females: less house hold works, recent
advance equipments
• In males: sitting work, IT sectors,

51. What we were ??
Now what we are??

52. Naum-o-Yaqzah
(Disturbed Sleep pattern)
• Sleep is a natural, periodically recurring state
of inactivity.
• It is necessary to have peace full sleep
• Work burden, mobile, watts app, face books,
internet etc

53. Ihtebas and Istifragh
(Retention and Excretion)
• Qabz - Ummul Amraz
• Mother of Diseases is Constipation.
• Obese patients generally have the complaint
of constipation, piles, and GIT disturbances.

54. Treatment of Obesity????
• Very first thing which
come in our mind that is
Dieting
• Kya khaye aur Kya na
Khaye????
• Kaha Jaye ???
• Kisse Pooche????

55. Specifically for the Morbid obesity….
Should we go for ???
• Liposuction
• Bariatric surgeries
• Heavy medications
• Any advertisement
product

56. NO NEED TO GO ANY WHERE
(Mild to Moderate type of Obesity)

57. No need to go for
• Liposuction
• Bariatric surgeries
• Heavy medications which
produces long term side effects
• Any advertisement product

59. Unani System Offers
• Preventive measures: prevent health of a
healthy person
• Curative measures: treat the diseases person

60. As a preventive measures
• U have to adopts the healthy
lifestyle (Asbab Sitta Zarooriya)
• Ilaj Bil Ghiza
• Ilaj Bil Tadbeer

61. As a curative measures…. by following
Golden Unani principles
• Elimination of the existing causes
(Correction of Metabolism)
• Correction of the Sue Mizaj
• Following Asbab Sitta Zarooriyah
• Ilaj Bil Tadbeer (which produce Hararat and
yaboosat in the body)

62. LINE OF
TREATMENT
ILAJ BIL
GHIZA
ILAJ BIL
TADBEER
ILAJ BIL
DAWA
ILAJ BIL
YAD

63. Ilaj Bil Ghiza (Diet therapy)
What do
you mean
by Dieting
?????

64. Ilaj Bil Ghiza (Diet therapy) By Unani
Scholars
• Kamiyat wa Qaifiyat (Volume & Calories)
• Mizaj (Temperament)
• Mosam (Climate)
• Umr (Age)
• Oqat-e-Ghiza (Timing of Foods)

65. May increase in
Kamiyat
(quantity/
Volume)
Food should be
decreased in
terms of
Kaifiyat (quality
/ Calories)
Kamiyat wa Kaifiyat (Quantity & Quality)

66. Kamiyat (Volume) ke Aitebaar se
Zyada Faidemant
• Fruits are natural super foods with immense
benefits that help in weight loss – they are
high in fiber, contain natural sugars
• Different foods go through different metabolic
pathways in the body.
• It is a great way to increase the volume of
your meals, without increasing the calories.

67. Pine apple
• Bromelain is a complex
mixture of substances that
can be extracted from the
stem and core fruit of pine
apple.
• It has been used for
• Weight loss
• Excessive inflammation,
• Excessive coagulation of the
blood
• Cancer

68. Apple
• An apple a day may keep obesity away.
• Apples have many health benefits
• A study suggesting that eating an apple a
day may be just as beneficial as daily
statin use (vasodialatation).
• A 2011 study also claimed that apples
and pears may reduce the risk of stroke
by more than 50%
• If you’re on a weight loss diet, then you
certainly need the apple.
• Researchers found that women who eat
apples before their meals lost 33% of
body weight in just one month.

69. Watermelon
• The watermelon is your go-to fruit
for weight loss.
• It’s high in water content (90%)
• 100g serving just contains 30
calories.
• A rich source of amino acids called
arginine which helps burn fat.
• It is the fact that not only does it
keep you hydrated, it will also keep
you satiated for a long time which
will lead to less unhealthy snacking

70. Cucumber (Vegetable)
• It is packed with immense health
benefits.
• High in fibre,
• it’s another potent weight loss
aid.
• it perfect for diabetics as well.
• it keeps our bowel & kidney
movements prim and proper
which aids the overall weight
loss process.

71. Banana
• The average banana is an
excellent source of instant
energy and the perfect post-
workout food.
• A ‘healthy’ options.
• It also helps beat muscle cramps,
keeps your BP in check, prevents
acidity and even beats
constipation.

72. Pear
• The pear fulfils one quarter
of your daily fibre
requirement.
• It is great for your digestive
system
• It also helps reduce
cholesterol levels,
• reduces the risk of CHD
• Reduce risk of DM
• it’s rich in Vitamin C.

73. Oranges
• It is not only great to taste,but
100g of this fruit only contains
47 calories which is great for
someone looking for a snack
while trying to follow a strict
diet.
• It’s also sweet which will help
take care of the cravings every
dieter has for something
sweet!

74. Tomatoes
• It is to be said that tomatoes are
vegetable fruits , a Godsend for your
weight loss battle.
• Delicious, full of antioxidants and
reduce water retention.
• They also reverse leptin resistance,
• leptin’s a type of protein which
prevents our body from losing
weight, thus tomatoes are the
perfect ally.

75. Leafy Greens
• Leafy greens include:
• spinach, Methi, Lauki and a few
others.
• They have several properties that
make them perfect for a weight loss
diet.
• low in both calories and
carbohydrates, but loaded with fiber.
• Leafy greens are also incredibly
nutritious and very high in all sorts of
vitamins, minerals and antioxidants.
This includes calcium, which has
been shown to aid fat burning in
some studies.

76. Salmon
• Oily fish like salmon is incredibly healthy.
• It is also very satisfying, keeping you full
for many hours with relatively few
calories.
• Salmon is loaded with high quality
protein, healthy fats and also contains all
sorts of important nutrients.
• Rich source of Iodin
• which is necessary for proper function of
the thyroid, which is important to keep
the metabolism running optimally.
• Salmon is also loaded with Omega-3 fatty
acids, which have been shown to help
reduce inflammation, which is known to
play a major role in obesity and
metabolic disease.

77. According to Mizaj:
• Most of the patients are Balghami Mizaj. Then
avoid the cold foods.
• Hot spices should be added in ghiza (food) e.g.
Filfil Daraz, Zeera, Lehsun because they have
Mulattif property.
• Use vinegar in cooking
• use dry and desiccating food
• Promote fasting

78. Age
• In older age metabolism is slow and Quwwat
hazima also weak so avoid the excessive foods
• avoid all roghni ghizayen (fatty diets).
• Restrict meat, milk and liquor

79. Timings of foods
(Secret for maintenance)
• Eat less & live best (Taqleel ghiza )..
• Frequent small meal…..now a days we are eating
too much
• Eat 1/3 of your stomach capacity.. Now a days we
are eating full of stomach
• Heavy breakfast.. Less lunch too less dinner
• (breakfast like a king, lunch like politician, dinner
like beggar)…now a days we are skipping our
breakfast…lunch and full of stomach with dinner
• Always sit down for eating…..now a days dining
tables..standing positions or bed etc is our habit

80. • Chew proper.. at least 20 chews before taking the next
mouthful. …now a days we have short time for eating
and more time for other activities
• Drinks water before food….always sit and drink in 3 sips…
but now a days, by walking, talking, people are drinking
water
• After meal immediately don’t drink the water …but now
a days its fashion to take cold drinks, ice creams and etc.
• Eat fruits or salads before meal……
• Dinner should be always early (before 3 hrs to the bed
time)…. But now a days.. Dinner at 11-12 o clock at
night.
• After lunch always take a short nap (Qailoola).. But we
don’t have time for that
• After dinner always walk (At least 40 steps of walking)…
but now immediately we are sleeping

81. Ilaj Bil Tadbeer (Regimenal therapies):
• Increase the physical activity to produce fatigue.
• Body massage with hot oils.
• Rub the body with rough clothes
• Exercise before meals
• Reduce sleeping hours (depend on person..5-7 hrs)
• Avoid late night sleep
• Early morning wakeup
• Sleep on hard surface
• Bathing before meal
• Frequent elimination of morbid matter (Qai ya Ishaal)
• Stay for long time in hammam causes excessive sweating
& produce yaboosat (dryness)
• Hammam should be taken before meals

82. U may adopt out door games like
• Swimming
• Brisk walking
• jogging,
• running,
• jumping rope
• Playing tennis
• Skipping
• Foot ball
• Basket ball
• kabaddi & Cricket

84. Dalak, Riyazat, Hammam

85. Ilaj Bil Dawa
(Pharmaco therapy)

86. Ilaj Bil Dawa (pharmaco therapy):
• A number of single and compound drugs
have been used by Unani physicians in the
management of obesity and studies have also
been carried out for its anti obesity activity.
• Correction of Digestion & Metabolism
(Islahe Hadhm wa Istehala)
• Muqaavie Kabid (Hepatoproetctive)
• Muqavvie Meda (Gastroprotective)
• Muarrique Advia (diaphoretics)
• Haar wa mohallil (Resolvent)

87. Single Drugs + Diet
(Dawa-e-Ghizayi)
(Kitchen Spices)

88. Anisoon (Pimpinella anisum) -
Har-yabis
• Action:
• antiseptic
• Antispasmodic
• carminative
• digestive
• Expectorant
• Stomachic [an agent that
strengthens, stimulates
or tones the stomach]
• Tonic (giving a feeling of
well-being)

89. Kamoon (Zeera)
(Cuminum cyminum)
• Antispasmodic
• carminative
• Digestive
• Stimulate menstruation.
Use for swelling
• relieve hiccups.

90. Filfil siyah (Piper nigrum) –
Har-yabis
• extremely useful for respiratory disorders and
asthma.
• hoarse voice, dental caries, in removing bad
breadth (halitosis),
• It helps in digestion and also give reliefs from
gaseous distension and indigestion.
• Used in piles, Headache, migraine,
• In chronic dysentery,
• It works as an antidote in the indigestion
caused due to excessive intake of pure fats
such as butter.
• Antispasmodic
• carminative
• Digestive

91. Kishneez (Coriandrum sativum)
Barid-yabis
• Antispasmodic
• carminative
• Digestive
• Used in nausea, vomiting,
• Liver corrective
• diuretic,
• expectorant,
• laxative,
• anti-bacterial,
• anti-pyretic etc

92. Naana (Mentha arvensis) - Har-
yabis
• Podina is used as a carminative and an
expectorant.
• headaches, rhinitis, cough sore throat,
colic, prurigo and vomiting.
• good blood cleanser, since it is
antiseptic and anti-bacterial.
• swollen gums, mouth ulcers and
toothaches, fever
• Stomach pain, dysmenorrheal and
diuresis.
• The menthol extracted from the plant
is used in preparing balms.
• It is used as a flavoring agent in many
culinary preparations.

93. Lehsun (Allium sativum) -
Har-yabis
• Immunity boosting
• Anti allergic
• Anti cancer
• Help to reduce sugar
& cholestrol.
• It relieve intestinal
infection, dysentery,
arthritis, colic in children

94. Nankhwah (Ptychotis ajowan) -
Har-yabis
• It is used to treat weight loss
• indigestion and related
disorders,
• Reduce flatulence,
• Antibacterial, antiseptic,
• Cholera,
• Prevent kidney disorders
• Reduce pimples and acne.
• Cold & Cough
• Scanty menses etc.

95. Saunf (Foeniculm vulgare) - Har-
yabis
• It is used in:
• colic, flatulence, irritable bowel,
• Strength to kidneys, stomach,
spleen, liver, lungs,
• Increase appetite,
• Promoting menstruation,
• Improving digestive system,
• Increasing urine flow.
• carminative
• Digestive
• Used in nausea, vomiting

96. Soya (Anethum sowa) - Har-
yabis
• It is used for digestion problems
including loss of appetite, intestinal
gas
• Liver problems,
and gallbladder complaints.
• It is also used for urinary tract
disorders.
• Fever and colds, cough, bronchitis ,
• Hemorrhoids , genital ulcers,
• Menstrual cramps , and
sleep disorders.
• Recent data available for the weight
loss

97. Luk Magsul (Coccus lacca) - Har-
yabis
• It’s a slick serum and secretion
from a scale insect species
laccifier lacca
• Astringent
• Anthelmintic
• Anti inflammatory
• Anti obesity

98. Shibb-e-yamani (Aluminium
hydroxide) Har-yabis
• Alum is a naturally occurring
mineral. Aluminum hydroxide is
an antacid.
• is used to treat symptoms of
increased stomach acid
• heartburn,
• upset stomach,
• acid indigestion
• In wounds
• Now recently it has been studied
for the weight loss properties

99. Nuskha
• Take safoof Mohazzil 5 gm with 20 ml Arq zeera
twice a day
• Take 5 ml honey with one cyp of water and drink
in morning empty stomach
• Lemon juice
• Safoof ajwain gm withsirka (Vinegar)
• Decoction of filfilsiya 2 part, Asaroon ½ part,
Anisoon 1/2part
• Applying Zandu balm on abdomen and do
exercise regularly. it is tremendous results in
reducing the belly fat

100. Compound Forms of Medicine
• Arqiyat (Liquids)
• Safoof (Powder)
• Majoon (Paste)
• Haboob (Tablets)
• Aqras (Capsules)

102. Be care full about your Foods & Drinks
(Makool wa Mashroob)
Hippocrates says

103. Follow a Healthy habits of foods &
drinks

104. Follow a regular habits of Exercise &
Sufficient Sleep

105. Controllable
Factors
Asbab-e-Sittah
Zarooriyah

106. Today’s message