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Corporate Governance And Regulation In Australia
it might be said:
I Introduction
The primary problem with the current approach to regulation in Australia is that it predominantly links corporate interests to those of the shareholders,
with little or no consideration given to the employees, the community, consumers and other stakeholders. This essay will explore the concepts of
corporate governance and regulation and then critique the hard law, soft law and hybrid approaches to regulation. An explanation will then be provided
as to why the hybrid approach remains the most appropriate regulation mechanism, followed by an explanation of the hybrid solution identified to get
corporations to consider the interests of key stakeholders.
II Discussion
A Defining 'corporate governance' and 'regulation'
Over the past few decades the term 'corporate governance' has become quite commonplace, with considerable debate arising as to the intersection
between 'corporate governance' and 'regulation. The scope and content of corporate governance in and of itself is quite wide, capturing 'the structures,
processes and systems, both formal and informal, by which power is exercised, constrained, monitored and accounted for in the management of a
corporation'.
Similarly, the definitions provided of regulation in literature are broad–ranging, but they ultimately highlight the role of regulation in controlling
corporate conduct. Nonetheless, it should be noted that these mechanisms of control are not limited to legislation, administrative
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Government Regulation Essay
During the process of industrialization in the United States, the government decided to increase regulation of businesses, trade, and the economy
overall. In his Address to the Nation on Labor Day, President Richard Nixon placed "some temporary restrictions on our economic freedom in order to
create new jobs, to stop the rise in the cost of living, to protect the American dollar." During the process of industrialization, these regulations were
necessary to ensure growth and sustainability. However, now that the U.S. has a sustainable economy and has finished the process of industrialization,
heavy government regulation will hinder progress rather than promote it. Historical examples from other countries prove regulation is needed ... Show
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Parker compared different levels of regulation in developing countries and compared it to the economic output in those countries. The results of this
study concluded there is "a strong causal link between regulatory quality and economic performance." Regulatory quality refers to the type and amount
of regulations imposed by the government in the developing country. This study shows that in developing countries, it is important governments
regulate the economy to promote equality and sustainable growth while limiting corruption. Although regulation is beneficial in developing countries,
other historical examples show once countries are developed regulation is harmful.
One of the best examples of a country struggling with economic growth and regulation is China. Qing–hua Wang of the Beijing University Institute of
Economics and Management conducted a study which looked at 16 districts and counties in Beijing from 2009 to 2014, to evaluate the impacts of new
government regulations on businesses which intended to benefit the environment. The results of the study showed, "...the Beijing environmental
regulation played a significant role in economic development." Analysis of the study suggested increasing economic or environmental regulation
hinders economic growth due to making the affected companies and industries comparatively more expensive which leads to a loss in profit. For
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Essay about Government Regulations and Rights
American citizens are getting tired of the governments increasing control of the economy, health care, and a dodgy recovery plan (Engstrom, 2).
According to a national survey, "Voters are starting to realize that the regulations implemented by government are beginning to intrude more so on
people's personal lives" (Thompson and Tringali, 2). The survey also said that, "A majority of both conservatives (61%) and liberals (54%) say they
are both negatively impacted by regulations that tell American business which workers to hire" (Thompson and Tringali, 2). Most people believe that
government intervention makes citizens feel less accountable and that someone else will baby and take care of them (Thompson and Tringali, 2).
Thompson and... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
"Lawmakers and regulators construct complex cost benefit calculations to justify the rules, but they never account for the erosion of liberty inherent in
each and every one" said Diane (Katz, 1). Seventy four percent of voters in the United States believe that businesses and consumers are over
regulated (Thompson and Tringali, 2). "Also, majorities agree that the increasing number of regulations have created uncertainty for large and small
businesses (66%), and that agencies who enforce regulations fail to consider that their decisions lead to increased prices for consumers and job
losses (69%)," according to a poll (Thompson and Tringali, 2). Ironically, Barak Obama has been trying to convince and persuade voters that he does
actually care about jobs (Barone, 1). A lot of Americans are putting all their attention on healthcare, which is good, but [Americans] do not need to
lose sight of the people in Congress because they are the ones that created it and now Americans need to get rid of these liberals and prevent such a
thing like this from happening again (Langer, 1). One of the many regulations is healthcare and that "There hardly could be a more inapt title for the
Obamacare legislation than the "Patient Protection and Affordable Act"–which basically provides protection for the consumer and gives you new
coverage options to help you better understand the Obamacare implemented by Congress (Katz, 1). Obama's plan for an
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Regulation And Economic Growth Essay
THE IMPACT OF REGULATION ON ECONOMIC GROWTH IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES: A CROSS
–COUNTRY ANALYSIS
1
ABSTRACT
The role of an effective regulatory regime in promoting economic growth and development has generated considerable interest among researchers and
practitioners in recent years. In particular, building effective regulatory structures in developing countries is not simply an issue of the technical design
of the most appropriate regulatory instruments, it is also concerned with the quality of supporting regulatory institutions and capacity. This paper
explores the role of state regulation using an econometric model of the impact of regulation on growth. The results based on two different techniques of
estimation suggest a ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The rest of the paper is organised as follows. Section 2 reviews issues in the literature pertinent to the debate on the role of regulation in economic
growth, before turning to regulatory measures and proxies for the quality of regulation. In section 3 the models used are presented. Section 4 deals
with a descriptive analysis of the data and reports the
regression results. The results confirm that the quality of state regulation impacts positively on economic growth. development policy. Finally, section 5
provides conclusions and the implications for
5
2.
LITERATURE REVIEW (a) Regulation Theory
The theory of economic regulation developed from the nineteenth century and the literature is now vast (for recent reviews, see Laffont and Tirole,
1993, 2000; Levy and Spiller, 1994; Newbery, 1999). The case for economic regulation is premised on the existence of
significant market failure resulting from economies of scale and scope in production, from information imperfections in market transactions, from the
existence of incomplete markets and externalities, and from resulting income and wealth distribution effects. It has been suggested that market failures
may be more pronounced, and therefore the case for public regulation is stronger, in developing countries (Stiglitz 1998). More recent theoretical
contributions to the regulation literature have provided a model of regulation for network industries that recognises the
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Government Regulation And Its Effect On Society Essay
The world is a complex and intricate machine, with many pieces to create a much larger thing. Government and society are simply pieces of the same
machine that depend on each other. Likewise, government and society have the option to liberate or limit the activities of men and it is a necessary
occurrence of life. Government is dependent on society because social behaviors exists wherever there are good or bad, proper or improper
relationships between human beings. Humans install government from their own belief that human behavior is "self–centered" therefore society
requires governing. Likewise, government oversight is needed in the economy as well as in society. The appropriate role of government in the
economy is different from a typical liberal stance. Although the economy is an ever–changing machine that rises and falls due to no fault of its own
some feel that government regulation is needed. Without government regulation in the economy, free market trade could set the bar for interest rates,
trade tax, business monopolies, and currency value. "...the safety of the republic lay in the autocratic strength of its government..." this quote from
Franklin Roosevelt's Commonwealth Club Address displays how the main objective for a strong central government is to protect the people. To further
protect the people of the United States, the presences of a strong government in the financial sector is crucial to prohibit the use of banks raising the
interest rates to a level where
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The New Global Rulers : The Privatization Of Regulation
As the world becomes increasingly interdependent, global governance is necessary to effectively address transnational economic issues. Public and
private governance has emerged in response to transnational challenges, resulting in institutional complexities and overlapping goals, as seen in
Vogel's article, as well as in the books written by Hale and Held, and Buthe and Mattli. I will explore the benefits and disadvantages of transnational
governance beginning with examining Hale and Held's book "Handbook of Transnational Governance: Institutions and Innovations", which looks at the
the different types of governance that have emerged. I will go on to review Vogel's article "Private Global BusinessRegulation", which discusses the
importance of incorporating private regulation with state–based regulatory policies. I will then review Buthe and Mattli's book "The New Global
Rulers: The Privatization of Regulation in the World Economy" to explore the implications of the internationalization and privatization of rule
making. I will go on to conclude that overall, public and private governance is beneficial as it provides more expertise and resources, and can support
the growth of a stable global economy. That being said, these governing bodies must work to increase their legitimacy in order to have sustainable
success by streamlining their common goals and considering their effect on developing countries. By looking specifically at the Basel Committee on
Banking Supervision, I
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Emotion Regulation in Infants Essay
Emotion regulation involves intrinsic and extrinsic processing of monitoring and modifying emotional reactions in both positive or negative situations
(Martins, 2012). In order for individuals to have the ability to regulate emotions, they must beware of their emotions. Although infants are unaware and
lack the ability to regulate their emotions, it then becomes the role of a primary carer to nurture the infant, thus acting as a model for regulating
emotions. Evidently, infants grow to reflect the ways in which their carers control and modify their emotions as well as social boundaries. Furthermore,
emotion regulation is considered an important aspect of an individuals life as it 'can moderate emotions and keep them in a manageable range ... Show
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What is emotion regulation in infants 0–4?
The regulation of emotions within adults is considerably more complex than within an infant. However, this does not mean that infants do not share the
same feelings as adults do. Infant emotion regulation is evidently derived from their primary carers. Empirical research supports idea as stated by
Diener (et al, 2002) whereby the study conducted involved infants completing a strange situations procedure, this explored the connection between
mother–infant relationship and the behavioural strategies used by infants for emotion regulation. Therefore, behavioural strategies used by infants
including self–soothing, withdrawal and self–distraction with objects is when it is clear that infants have the ability to control and monitor their
emotions (Martins, 2012; Diener et al., 2002). These strategies are supported through various studies conducted by Martins (2012) as they explore
infants who are able to cope with their emotions obtain certain strategies which contribute to their ability to regulate their behaviour for example using
distractions. Evidently, this shows the development of infant emotion regulation skills (Diener et al, 2002). Moreover, infants experience a range of
emotions in numerous frustrating situations, including some as simple as waiting to be fed or sitting in a car seat waiting to go out. It is from this
that infants become more aware of their emotions and begin to find ways of coping
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Government Regulation
The purpose of this paper is to assess different types of government regulations, how those regulations affect current market structures while defining the
different types of market structures and finally what provisions and laws have been put in place to protect consumers and society from big business
and firms choices.
Industrial regulation is the government's attempt to enact laws designed to prevent firms from participating in bad monopolistic practices and to
promote competition in the market space. The reason industrial regulation exists is to keep an eye on firms by making sure monopolies don't start,
however if they do or currently exist regulations are put in place to monitor prices and products to make sure society and ... Show more content on
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Economic theory justifies natural monopolies on the basis that consumers can benefit from a monopoly so long as restrictions are put into place
surrounding output and high prices of goods by the monopoly. Consumers benefit by being able to purchase a desired product at lower per–unit costs.
To provide an example of how natural monopolies are established most often would be surrounding public utilities, such as water, gas and electricity
services. It makes more sense for the city or state to
take on these responsibilities rather than having multiple firms in the market driving up price and providing lesser goods/services per firm. Economic
theory supports monopoly in industries like public transportation and the postal service.
Beginning in the late 1800s government began to enact four major pieces of legislation collectively known as the Antitrust Laws. The Sherman Act of
1890 is the founding legislation which states that any firm or individual operating in restraint of trade is committing an illegal act and secondly any
person or firm attempting to monopolize or conspire has committed a felony. The first piece of legislation is the Clayton Act of 1914 which directly
builds on the Sherman Act by specifying what specific acts are in restraint of trade and attempts at monopolization. Sections of the act outlaw price
discrimination, tying contracts, purchase of stock of a rival firm that would cause less competition an d
interlocking
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Alumina: Business Regulation Simulation Essay
Alumina: Business Regulation Simulation
Abstract
This paper identifies the key facts, regulations and legal issues in the Business Regulation Simulation regarding Alumina, a global multibillion
company. It identifies several of Alumina's values and stakeholders and discusses the conflicts among the competing stakeholders according to the
simulation. In addition, a summarization on the basic issues on how the internal counsel handles the regulatory issue. Three alternative solutions are
also discussed using the risk analysis matrix and summarizes how these align with Alumina's values.
Business Regulation Simulation In a global environment, businesses have many business risks and one of them is federal governmental ... Show more
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Key Facts, Regulations, Legal Issues One of the key facts was that Alumina was found to have high concentration levels of Polynuclear Aromatic
Hydrocarbons (PAH's) in their environmental expulsion standards after an evaluation by the EPA five years earlier. Since Alumina was out of
compliance, a clean up was ordered by the EPA and Alumina acted in accordance to correct the problem and a subsequent test was in compliance
(Simulation, 2007).
This was an excellent course of action which helped Alumina establish itself as a responsible and environmentally friendly company. Any business that
has emissions that are not processed accordingly to regulations, run the risk of ruining the environment can and therefore, the EPA's cleanup was in
order.
Alumina understood that PAH's had to be monitored and cleaned up. They also understood these organic compounds are produced when materials
containing carbon and hydrogen are burned. The PAH's are harmful due to their carcinogenic mutant substances (http://www.propex.com
/C_f_env_pah.htm). The environmental regulation is considered the most severe of governmental regulation of a business because of the costs
involved for its rigid compliance. The penalties are strict because the government requires that businesses
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Government Regulation Of The United States
The government has always played a very strong role in the laws of the United States and in the lives of people who live in this country. At times in
history, the government has been too strict on its people other times.These leaders have, however, failed to achieve a successful medium between these
two treatments. The situation is similar to this one when dealing with most everything that the government has any type of control over. Although there
are opposing sides which either argue for strict government regulation of the diets of its people or no government regulation at all, a middle ground
should be explored and examined by the government itself regarding this topic. Nutrition in America is a very touchy and sensitive subject to talk ...
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The government seems, also, to cut off all of the things that they think are sources of the problem at once as well. There is, and never really has been,
any balance in the system of the government when it comes to this type of issue. People come up with their own theory to make themselves feel like
they are still in the right, the government recognizes that there is a problem, so it enters the situation without thinking out or planning for a legitimate
solution to the problem; it places into and enforces rules and regulations that are possibly too strict for the people in the nation, and so the people turn
the opposite way again. ...[W]hen this happens, the cycle just starts over and keeps repeating itself throughout time, and this cycle does not help
anyone in any way because the problem never really finds a resolution this way (Malanga).
The view of these types of people who try to come up with and research their own theories to make themselves feel better about continuing what they
are doing are on the "no government involvement" side of the argument about the regulation situation. The government's view on this problem is
mostly focused on trying to better the citizens who live in its designated country; this
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Anthony Falzone's Regulation And Technology
Government Regulations on Technology Throughout the decades, technology has advanced tremendously causing many attractions towards it. It has
touched every aspect of life, making it better and easier to manage things. Since technology has been improved so much, it has gained a lot of attention
from the government. The government feels the need to regulate and control everything to keep things in order. The question whether to regulate the
production and use of technology has been ongoing for years. Many people have different opinions on if the government should do this. Regulation of
technology is not necessarily good or bad. According to Anthony Falzone's Regulation and Technology, "Government is often at its best when it
cultivates new ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
For example high–tech inventions that produce pollution needs to be controlled so it won't weaken the environment. According to Jonathan B.
Wiener's, Regulations of Technology, and the Technology of Regulation, "Regulations is a set of techniques for changing production functions to
produce fewer of some outputs such as pollution or more of others." For most people they think the government is right for setting these types of rules
so harm wouldn't continue. "The influence of regulation on technology is complex and depends on the technology of regulation and the design and
instrument choice of regulatory
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Self Regulation over Government Regulation on The...
How involved should the Government be when it comes to regulation of the Internet? There are many different issues regarding internet regulation.
Should Internet users be responsible for controlling how they use the Internet? Since the internet has been introduced to Americans there have been
many debates on how involved the Government should be in regulating topics such as violent games, gambling, and sexual content.
The Internet is a very useful source for many things. It has almost become a way of life for some people It has faded out things such as post offices,
shopping malls and even telephones to some extent. So since it has become such an asset in peoples lives then should there be laws to prevent chaos on
the Internet?
People ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
So what should the Government do? The Government has power to control who can gamble and who can purchace certain items at a casino or store
but how can the government possibly stop a teenager from doing this online? It needs to be up to the parent to control how their child uses the Internet.
Another issue is video games on the internet. There are a lot of violent video games now days, most of which you have to be eighteen to purchase.
There are also a lot of violent video games on the Internet that you have to be eighteen to play but all you have to do is check the little box that says
yes I am eighteen or over, and who would know any different but that person?
A lot of people are very adament about self–regulation. Any other kind of government regulation on the internet would be a very long process. It's not
just the U.S. that has access to this tool. It is the World Wide Web, meanig it's world wide. There would need to be some sort of committee formed
and it would have to consist of officials from different countries in order to have any law or regulation because the Internet does not belong to the U.S.,
it belongs to the world.
Self–regulation is, I believe, the best kind of regulation for the Internet. If a parent does not want their child playing violent video games or
downloading pornographic images then
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Controversial Aspects Of Government Regulation
Regulating a variety of aspects of business and society is an old and often controversial aspect of government, particularly at the national level. Much of
what the national government does, or fails to do, has an impact on individual citizens, private corporations and other business enterprises, agricultural
producers and marketers, foreign governments, labor unions, and state and local governments.
The first national regulatory efforts in the late 1800s were intended at punishment for, and the prevention of, abuses in the marketplace, antitrust
violations, and price gouging. During the 20th century, government regulation became even more extensive, focusing not only on preventing certain
kinds of practices, but also requiring that certain in service standards can and should be met. And the past 50 years, more than a dozen new regulatory
agencies have been shaped at the national and state government levels, following the route of new regulatory statutes. Regulatory measures contact
virtually every part of our lives.
Some government actions are seemingly not linked to regulating private lives, but still indeed do so. These include local building codes and zoning
laws; government housing loan programs with minimum income requirements cut off many inferior citizens from an ability to ... Show more content on
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Some challenge that the most efficient regulator is free–market competition among those seeking to attract the buying public. They argue that
government regulation is intrusive with the marketplace and works to the disadvantage of both consumers and producers. Advocates of government
regulation, however, see a better need to observe and guide the path of competition. They believe that an entirely unrestrained market will unavoidably
lead to monopolistic practices, higher costs, underserved segments of society, and lower–quality goods and
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The Legal Laws Regulation Bill 2011
Introduction
The Legal Profession in Ireland is made up of two main divisions, Solicitors and Barristers.
The Profession and their practises have long been faced with recommendations for reform. The 1990 The Fair trade Commission Report into
Restrictive Practises in the Legal Professions is one such report giving recommendations for change and more recently The Competition Authority's
2006, Study of Competition in Legal Services. The OECD has also in the past released disapproving reports on the levels of competition within the
profession. It is fair to say most of the pressure for reform stems from outside the Legal Profession itself.
Up until now all these reports have purely been on a recommendations basis, however change ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The bar as they are collectively known is not regulated by statute. This means that currently the Legal profession in Ireland is currently largely
self–regulated.
When regarding Regulation of the profession, the 2006 Competition Authority's report summarises, that they would like to see the introduction of an
entirely independent statutory body entitled the Legal Services Commission to provide external regulation to the profession, it explains that The Bar
Council and The Law Society are the representative bodies for Solicitors and Barristers, this status requires them to lobby on their behalf of their
members. A conflict is created as they are also for the most part the soul regulators for the Professions. The Legal Services Commission proposed by
The Competition Authority suggestion still allows the representative bodies, some form of day to day regulatory function but it would be a
requirement that this function be held and operated completely separate from their individual duties as a representative body.
With regard to regulation, the 2011 Legal Services Regulation Bill puts forward the establishment of the Legal Services Regulatory Authority
consisting of 11 members, appointed by the government. Its aim, also to provide independent regulation separate from the professional bodies but it
intends to provide places on the board for them. The Bar Council of Ireland has raised concerns, they maintain that, if
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Private Voluntary Regulation Is Not An Effective...
This essay will argue that private voluntary regulation is not an effective substitute for national and multilateral regulations. Although it has advantages,
it requires certain situations to ensure that the regulations are effective; it also poses a lot of disadvantages. Concluding private voluntary regulation
should maybe be seen as complementing national and multilateral regulations instead of substituting to maximize effectiveness.
Firstly we will begin by looking at the reasons why there has been a rise in voluntary regulations. This essay will then proceed to look at merits of
private regulation and the counter arguments which will looks at factors, such as the nature of codes or conducts, whether monitoring these standards are
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So private voluntary regulations arose with the intention of fixing and improving the problems raised. So to regulate labour standards of there supply
change and environmental and ethical standards....
A benefit of private voluntary regulations is that since it has evolved we have seen a rise in Fair trade this is where producers in developing countries
are working in better trading conditions and are suppose to be earning a higher wage than others in developing countries who are not part of Fair trade.
A regulation has two standards outcome standards and process standards. Outcome standards can be seen as health and safety, child labour and
Process standards can be seen as labour rights. An advantage of private voluntary regulations is that its helps to improve outcome standards. For
example Nike made sure that all their workers in the supply chain was where over the age of 18. This is an example of improving outcome standards
According to Mayer and Gereffi private voluntary regulations is likely to be effective under 6 hypotheses. With the first 4 situations producing the
most effective forms of private regulator. For the purpose of the essay only the four hypothesis in which private voluntary is likely to be effective will
be discussed hypothesis
– 1) Firms who are large and lead in there
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Questions On Financial Markets : Regulations
Stephen Schofield
Oshiyoye
ECON 2301
6 December 2016
Financial Markets: Regulations
When looking at something as large as the economy, we have to realize that there is always the potential for something to go wrong. This could be
something that naturally takes place due to lows and highs in business cycles, or something that is totally unnatural, like human manipulation of the
market. Due to things like this we often have to set some type of regulations to keep certain factors of the economy in check. During this paper I will
discuss some of the regulation packages that have been introduced in an effort to keep the economy in check. A few of these include the Glass–Steagall
Act, the Frank–Dodd Act, and the Volker Rule. Furthermore, we will attempt to answer questions like, how does the Frank–Dodd address the "Too Big
to Fail" problem with banks? Do you think the Frank–Dodd Act accomplishes its goal? If not, what might you suggest to correct the issue?
The banking system has changed greatly over the past 100 years, but a lot of the change deals with more strict regulation on what banks are allowed
to do. In a time period from 1929 to 1933, the banking system had some problems. Before 1933, banking activities weren't regulated, so banks could
do whatever they wanted to with private money. In 1933 at Franklin Roosevelt's inauguration he stated that "there must be an end to speculation with
other people's money" (Lopes). By this, he wants banks to stop using the money of private
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Manchester Airport Regulations
Manchester Airport operates in an increasingly competitive environment and must differentiate itself not only.
Finance
All organisations must take great care in setting their financial targets. If they are set too low then they will be readily achieved and full potential will
not be reached.
At present the economic regulation of airports is targeted solely at reducing the charges to airlines. Non–aviation income is not regulated and the Airport
, therefore, seeks to encourage the development of such revenue streams to sustain the profitability of the Company.
To maintain its reputation as a quality service provider, therefore,
Manchester Airport has to ensure that it increases capacity and markets itself to become more ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
2. The lifting of restrictions on airlines as to which airports they cn fly has resulted in the successful establishment of a number of new routes to a
number of countries and the growth of opportunities for no frills airlines.
Competition
Manchester Airport operates in an increasingly competitive environment and must differentiate itself not only from other UK airports but also major
European airports, who are becoming more aggressive in trying to attract and develop scheduled and charter traffic.
Single Till
The current regulation also determines that all income within the
Manchester Airport group counts towards the Single Till, that is, it should be set against the overall rate of return allowed under regulation to
increasingly subsidise cots to airlines.
Government Regulation
Although the Manchester Airport group is a public limited company
(plc) there is a policy not to issue shares publicly.
Economic Environment
The charter market accounts for approximately 55% of Airport activities, whilst the scheduled market 45%. Future trends indicate that the gap may be
narrowing as more scheduled and economy carries increasingly cater for leisure traffic. It is hoped that this will limit the effects of the volatility of the
charter market, which can drop significantly of recession.
Seasonal Factors
The Airport is busiest during the summer months when
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What Is An Example Of Prescriptive Regulation
A prescriptive regulation is where the regulating authority defines explicitly how a task is to be undertaken. It informs exactly what is to be done and it
needs the industries to demonstrate that they have strictly adhered to the 'prescribed' steps.
A goal–setting regulation on the other hand keeps the end goal or objective in mind and leaves the method used to achieve that to the industries. Here,
the industries have the freedom to arrive at the goal using any way they see fit, as long as they demonstrate that the end goal has been reached.
To clearly see the difference between these two contrasting regulations, we can look at some examples of each
Examples of prescriptive regulation
"Footings for masonry chimneys shall be constructed of concrete or solid masonry at least 12 inches (305mm) thick and shall extend at least 6 inches
(152mm) beyond the face of the foundation or support wall on all sides. Footings shall be founded on natural undisturbed earth or engineered fill
below frost depth. In areas not subject to freezing, footings shall be at least 12 inches (305mm) below finished grade" 1
"Thru–bolts shall have a diameter of 12". Pilot holes for thru–bolts shall be 1732" to 916" in diameter. Thru–bolts require washers at the bolt head and
nut." 2
Here, we can see that the regulations clearly states how the footings for chimneys should be built in the first case and the diameter of thru–bolts in the
latter. Anything apart from this specification will lead to
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The Importance Of Government Regulations
Government regulation is important to society. A protection to both society and the citizens, criminal law allows for government intervention on the
daily issues of the country
(Saunders and Bromwich, 2016, p. 15). Regulations purposes listed here are just a few:
Protecting the environment, regulating the marketplace, and regulating individuals (Saunders and
Bromwich, 2016, p. 16–25). The government is concerned with the amount of damage caused by human beings to earth. Water supplies are being
damaged through agricultural by–products, industries are spewing chemicals in the air, water, and ground, and the disposal of waste in our lands and
water (Saunders and Bromwich, 2016, p. 16). The government regulates the destruction of earth by creating ways to incentivize and protect the
environment (Saunders and
Bromwich, 2016, p. 16).
In the marketplace, rich businesses cause white collar crimes. Fraud, scams, or misleading advertisements are regulated by the government through
criminal law (Saunders and
Bromwich, 2016, p. 20–21). Furthermore, the government is obligated to regulate the individuals within society (Saunders and Bromwich, 2016, p.
23–25). Crime happens because of human greed and corruption, and the government needs to set down rules to prevent and protect the law abiding
citizens. There will be three types of government regulations that will be addressed. The first method of government regulation is taxes (Saunders and
Bromwich, 2016, p. 27). By
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Effects Of Regulation On The Economy
Every economy needs regulations to a certain extent, but how much is too much, and how exactly do regulations even affect the economy of the
country? Those are key questions that many are asking, and don't truly have answers for. Many people in the country feel that there is way too much
regulation on the economy at this point; however, there's also a great amount of people who are content with how much regulation is going on, and
would keep pushing. Essentially there are two extremes when it comes to the topic of regulation and what too much of it will do to the economy. Too
much regulation on the economy can have a negative impact in many ways. The biggest reason as to why many are so terribly against too much
regulation is because... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In Texas each person who is a computer repair technician is required to obtain a private investigator's license, or a PI license. The only way two ways
for and individual to receive a PI license is to either go to school and earn a degree in criminal justice (CJ), or they are required to take part in a
three year apprenticeship with an individual who is already a licensed PI. Considering that there are individuals who just repair computers on the
side or want to just help a friend or someone else out simply because they possess the skill set is also not an option. Any person who repairs a
computer without possessing a license, and any person who lets someone without the PI license repairs their computer are both violating laws.
Both could receive up to a year of jail time and both could be fined up to $4,000. Texas isn't the only place that requires individuals to get license for
petty things. In Pennsylvania, any person who is a blogger it is obligatory to purchase a business privilege license. These licenses cost $300, and it
truly wouldn't be a big deal if one is making a lot of money off of blogging; however, regardless of how much or how little you make off of blogging
one is required to pay the $300 license fee. There was a case about a young lady who was "chased after" because she earned $11 from blogging over the
course of two years. It truly isn't worth
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
Regulation Framework Of Canada And Compliance
Regulation framework of Canada and compliance
Part 1
The current Canadian security regulation is managed by laws and agencies that have been established by Canada's 13 provincial and territorial
governments. Each of the province has its own security regulator that is in charge of administration of the securities acts, regulations and rules. The
idea of setting up a national single security regulator has been suggested by various reports that have outline a range of problems with the current
system (Mark 121). The reports suggests that the current system needs improvement and in a prompt manner. Concerns have been put forward that the
current regulation is too complex and is harmful to the security market operations. The current system has also ben said to increase compliance costs
hurting the Canadian market competitiveness (Mark 123). In addition, the current regulatory system has been said to be slow to respond to changes in
the environment as there is need for agreement from all the thirteen authorities. The global security market has also rendered its support for the
establishment of a single regulatory system. However, despite the problems and concerns over the current system in the last decade, the current system
still remains in place due to certain barriers if change to a centralized security regulatory system that exist.
Barriers to change
A diverse securities market
The Canadian security market is distinguished from other developed markets by the presence of
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
Gov't Regulation in Private Sector
July 30, 2007
What are the key reasons for Government regulation of the private sector? In an economy there are two sectors, the public and private. The private
sector, by definition, is the part of a nation's economy that isn't controlled by the government.(Investorwords). Several business organizations make up
the private sector with the three basic ones being sole proprietorships, partnerships, and corporations. Most are for profit and part of that profit goes to
the government in the form of taxes. The private sector can be referred to as a market. Markets operate by themselves and allocate resources efficiently,
but they're not perfect. Government regulation of the private sector is justified under two circumstances: when flaws ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Fairness, a moral consideration, would be a reason for why a natural monopoly would be regulated. For developing countries, their developmental
objectives such as growth are very important. Natural monopolies like electricity or telecommunications are crucial to a nation's infrastructure. Would
an unregulated private monopoly make the proper investments necessary to offer the good or service to everyone today and in their country's needs
overt time. If mishandled, an unregulated private monopoly could easily slow the grow of a developing country.
Why do we need antitrust laws? The antitrust law prohibits non–competitive behavior and unfair business practices. The term "antitrust" was originally
formulated to combat "business trusts", now more commonly known as cartels. A distinction between single–firm and muti–firm conduct is
fundamental to the structure of the U.S. antitrust law which Philop Areeda has pointed out, "contains a basic distinction between concerted and
independent action."(Areeda) Some activities are subject to more investigation, such as price fixing, bid rigging, geographic market allocation, and
fraud. Consumer protection laws are a part of the antitrust laws. They attempt to regulate some aspects of the relationship between consumers and
businesses. Antitrust laws are further seen in agreements of trade, monopolization and attempted monopolization, anticompetitive mergers, and in
tie–in schemes. Anticompetitive behavior are typical
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
Regulatory Government Regulation
With the vast growth of industrialization way back in the 19 th century, concerns came on how these industries and technologies were impacting on the
social, cultural and economic well–being of the people. The negative effects got overlooked with nobody to speak against them and protect livelihoods
of the people. The federal government later then came up regulatory bodies to put industries on the check and see that they provide quality services and
products that are not harmful to the people. Various types ofregulation were set up. Product safety which charged with ensuring that we don't get
exposed to products, services and technological processes that would otherwise be hazardous to our health. Rate setting regulation and market
functioning ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Problems facing regulatory government supports deregulation. First, the cost in regulatory jurisdictions is quite high. Regulated markets tend to offer
fewer benefits to society than free markets. Also, private sectors are self–regulating by employing independent external auditors whereas it is a general
observation that lawsuits are an incentive to provision quality services by firms. Regulation reforms enshrined in the constitution monitor the
legislation, executive and judicial structure of the regulatory agencies as the government seeks to create and maintain a better working environment in
the society. Traditional managerial approach to governing administration is characterized by red–tape and bureaucratic one sided decision making
whereas the new public management approach focuses mainly on bilateral decision–making and is compliance–oriented. Political strategies have
transformed from a self–centered, corrupt inclusion in the agencies to a more open centered approach that focuses on its citizens' welfare, just as the
legalistic approach focuses on maintaining reasonability in the regulation process with keen observation of the rule of
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
Examples Of Order And Regulations In Anthem
The Merriam– Webster dictionary describes a rule– "A rule is a statement that tells you what is or not allowed in a particular game,situation,etc."
Everyday we abide by the rules and regulations created by teachers, mayors, governors, and even presidents. These rules determine how people live
their lives daily, there are controls and rules everywhere to create order and regulation. This order and regulation creates a controlled lifestyle for many
people in many places. In the book Anthem there are specific rules that create an extremely structured society, these rules compose a collective
community. A society with such a plentiful amount rules that they generalize every singleperson to be the same, disregarding their jobs, the only
element ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The rules in the book anthem are extreme and cause people to not be able to be an individual. These rules are what caused Equality to run away. He
understood that there was more to life than the rules set before him that were more than extreme. His new society would not have any of the rules or
controls that took over the old society. There would be love and individualism in the new world.Equality's new world would have new rules that would
exist not for the reasons of the previous society but to create order and safety but not to limit human
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
Canadian Honey Labelling Regulations
In today's society there are regulations in place for everything– from the safety of children's toys to road construction to food processing and packaging.
"Regulations consist of requirements the government imposes on private firms and individuals to achieve government's purposes" (Litan, 2008).
Regulations are in place to protect businesses, producers, consumers, individuals, animals, and even the environment. For example, the packaging and
labelling regulations in Canada protects the consumers and producers of the many food products produced in Canada, one of which is honey. This paper
will focus on the packaging and labelling requirements of Canadian honey through discussion of the regulations, stakeholders and the opposition of
stakeholders ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
According to the group, the deregulation of food container sizes would be inconvenient for consumers, as Canadian consumers use the standard
package sizes to compare prices ("Push for deregulation", 2012). With the deregulation, there is also potential for downsized packages to carry the
same price tag as previous products of a higher quantity, which would be a disadvantage to Canadian consumers as well ("Push for deregulation",
2012). Canadian Grocer also points out that because of these regulations, Canadian producers and manufacturers have invested in equipment that is
based on the packaging sizes of containers in Canada, and that the deregulation of these sizes would cost these producers the money they could spend
on produce to retool their processing equipment ("Push for deregulation", 2012). As previously mentioned, these regulatory changes would not only
affect the honey industry, but other industries, like the ketchup industry as well. A decision like this could have very large impacts on Canadian
farming and processing cities and towns, such as Leamington, Ontario, also known as the "Tomato Capital of Canada." The mayor of Leamington,
John Paterson, stated that the Heinz ketchup plant that uses the tomatoes of the 80 tomato farms of the area to make ketchup would be "vulnerable to
closing, and consolidating the production to
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
The Contradiction Of Opposing Regulation
The Contradiction of Opposing Regulation Under public interest theory, regulations exist to protect consumers, to protect workers, and to protect the
rights of the least advantaged. They exist to hedge against the greed, corruption, and exploitation that can occur in an unchecked capitalistic society.
They attempt to prevent or ameliorate detrimental consequences to individuals and communities. Granted, this can be seen as an idealistic view of
regulation. Exponents of public interest theory argue that even well–intentioned regulation can fail to achieve what it set out to do, and politicians are
imperfect and subject to pressure both by corporations and vocal minorities (Koopman et al., 2014). Nonetheless, in the United States, these
democratically elected local and federal representatives have put regulations in place that, unless given reason for doubt, are presumed to reflect the
will of their constituents. Therefore, rebelling against regulation is not simply renouncing the government – in some cases, it is renouncing the
concerns of the communities that these companies argue they are improving. Airbnb's $8 million snarky ad campaign against a housing affordability
bill in San Francisco was widely panned as "tone–deaf." One of the many billboard ads suggested to the public library system to "use some of the $12
million in hotel taxes to keep the library open later" (Toor, 2015). Tusk Ventures, a corporate consulting firm that serves as a "regulatory broker," assists
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
The Dangers Of Regulation
Cryptocurrency: The Dangers of Regulation
Research suggests that government and large financial institutions should not be allowed to regulate cryptocurrency, because eventually it will change
cryptocurrency to mirror our current paper currency system, and ultimately remove the freedom and anonymity associated with the use of
cryptocurrency.
The use of Cryptocurrency has become more prevalent across the globe. It makes sense that regulation would be the next step in the process, but if not
done with a desire to break from a traditional approach large financial institutions and governments will end up establishing the standards and
determining the value. At that point cryptocurrency may still carry the label of a decentralized form of ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Russia, China, Canada and the United States have all regulated Bitcoin differently, and no country as of yet has completely endorsed Bitcoin. While
Bitcoin may be the most well–known crypto currency, there are several other decentralized peer–to–peer currencies such as, Blackcoin, Dash, Coinye,
Peercoin, and Litecoin. In all there are over 700 varieties of cryptocurrencies currently available.
Cryptocurrency is still at a very early stage, where many of today's leaders do not quite understand the currency. It appears everyone is waiting for
someone to make the first move. There are several concerns that prompted discussion of regulating cryptocurrencies. One concern is the use of
cryptocurrency exchanges, which facilitate virtual currency transactions and exchange to denominated currencies. Virtual exchanges have proved
extremely difficult for law enforcement to monitor for illegal activity. The U.S. remains particularly concerned that cryptocurrency will pose added
challenges to combating terrorism. The exchange of money via virtual networks is seen to attract "cyber–criminals" which makes detecting acts of
illegal funding extremely difficult. The concern is if adequate controls are not implemented, terrorist groups may successfully finance their illegal
operations in the U.S. or elsewhere. One can easily imagine how the cryptocurrency industry could develop into an exclusive source of funding,
serving the needs of already illegal
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
Stricter Media Regulations
With the rise of new technologies, there is certain debates on whether or not media regulations are a good or a bad thing. There are benefits and
consequences for both sides. In a sense, regulations are an essential element in our society. Every time there is a new technology, regulations must be
made in order to create rules that influencers and organizations must follow. Stricter media regulations means would protect public interests, protect
individual rights, insuring fair competition, and censoring violent and innappropriate material.
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the other hand, the incorporation of media regulations by the government could potentially unconstitutional and limit the freedoms of the press. One
must look at both sides to form their own opinion about how much regulation is needed. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Many good things have come from government regulation such as copyright laws, the FCC and regulating ownership to influence competition. The
copyright laws and mechanisms in place to insure the protection of intellectual property rights. These laws are put into place as the protection of ideas
and products that could potentially be stolen or used without the owners approval. The FCC, or the Federal Radio Commission, is an agency that's sole
responsibility is to regulate TV, radio and phone industries. The FCC policy makers are there to serve the "public interest" in censoring subjects that
may be considered objectionable, harmful, sensitive, or politically incorrect. This censorship insures that children are not subject to foal material that
are inappropriate for them. Another important aspect is the regulating of the ownership and control. This is essential in that competition thrives and
mass media is not dominated by one
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
Aims And Objectives Of Employment Regulation
Activity 1
1.1Explain the aims and objectives of employment regulation.
The aim of employment law regulation is to provide legal protection to employees and employers the relationship between businesses.
Objectives of Employment Law:
Social justice is the distribution of difference in society and is based on equality and its opportunity.
Within the workplace, social justice also refers to access to rights and fairness.
Employee protection employment rights are designed to balance the expectations of the job with the fair treatment of the employee doing it. Employee
rights at work come from both as statutory rights and his/her employment contract.
European law
As part of the European Union, the UK is a subject to European law, with European law having authority and take the place of any domestic law. This
means that domestic law should be done in the same way with European law.
Most EU law is also introduced into UK law via statutes. European Union directive can be interpreted into domestic law as it is less specific and most
European Union influence on UK employment law has been through directives.
The sources of employment law are:
Legislation
European law
Codes of practice & regulations.
The main source of employment law is statutes:
Acts of Parliament = Equality Act 2010
Equal Opportunities legislation sets out that all employees should receive the same pay and conditions for carrying out the same or approximately
similar work.
EU Law =
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
Healthcare Regulation Simulation Paper
The presented article from the New England Journal of Medicine discusses the relationship between the changes in healthcare regulation and the ways
in which these changes serve to diminish concerns from the general public. The nature of the global health law system was then discussed and it was
identified that in place of a treaty monitoring body are several "soft" and "hard" law instruments that the World Health Organization(WHO) utilizes to
establish the "legal norms" that serve to establish the best practices in healthcare throughout the world (Gostin & Sridhar, 2014). Healthcare regulation
at the international level is carried out via a combination of laws which are established at the national level and are then enforced by various governing
health services in different countries. These legal norms are comprised of a combination of these soft and hard legal ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Through a variety of political tools and with institutional support from various levels, the WHO and its members from 194 various countries have
adopted such formal recommendations as the International Code of Marketing Breast–Milk Substitutes in 1981 as well as the Global Code of Practice
on the International Recruitment of Health Personnel in 2010 (Gostin & Sridhar, 2014). Although the WHO is the authority of these legal instruments,
its overall function does lack the ability to specifically enforce any treaties or regulation recommendation. Instead, members of the WHO will extend to
other members an invitation for a convention. Within 18 months' members must then accept or deny the invitation which forces the individual
countries to consider issues and for their individual governments to assume a position of either wishing to contribute an opinion internationally or
simple develop a national position within their own
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
Government Regulation Essay
Government Regulation
Throughout history there have been many different opinions about government regulation. Some believe the government regulates business too much
others feel that the government does not do enough. I believe the government is regulating business far too much and furthermore putting businesses
out of business and causing many workers to lose jobs. In this paper I will point out the common problems dealing with government regulation. I will
also focus on three major aspects of government regulation which include: 1) regulation interferes with production by halting innovation and
discouraging risk taking, resulting in declining employment, 2) government over regulates by setting standards for every aspect of ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
In all of the cases of 1970 the Congress chose to regulate instead of the alternatives; court penalties for polluters, tax penalties for employers with poor
safety records, or government–funded information programs. " If the health and safety regulators were created in response to nonexistent crises, it is
not surprising they have made little impact on morality rates."(Crickmer 1980) Sam Peltzman, University of Chicago economist, did a cost–benefit
analysis of the drug regulations that followed the thalidomide tragedy in Europe. In his analysis he focused on the Food and Drug Administration
(FDA) which is alike the older single–industry regulators and some of its problems are typical of most health and safety regulation. He found that the
new drug laws were costing far more than the benefits achieved. In Britain more lives were being saved than in the U.S. due to the fewer restrictions
on new drugs unlike the U.S. which have conservative policies towards new drugs. Regulation interferes with production and halts innovation and risk
taking resulting in declining employment. This is to say, because of regulation costs, the businesses do not have enough money to invest in taking risks
with new ideas and technology. This does not allow the company to expand and hire more workers. Regulation over regulates by setting standards for
every aspect of manufacture
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
Australian Government Regulation
My research paper will be revolved around how the parliament is regulating the conduct of society particularly centred on business law and how laws
affect transactions and interactions. I will also state how our society impacts and influences these laws set by our parliament. To introduce the topic I
will present a brief background of the current parliamentary regulations which impact business interaction and transactions also providing information
on how society influences and supports these legal rules. To make my arguments credible I will present relevant case findings on parliamentary
regulations that are involved with business transactions and regulations.
The biggest issue that I am currently facing is managing my time efficiently and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
As Australia is a free country and a democracy, we as citizens own the right for free speech and if a group of people are feeling mistreated they can
raise their concerns. Such groups like hospitality and retail workers who depend on incentives from business such as penalty rates, have voiced their
concerns over possible future legislations cutting back Sunday penalty rates to regular Saturday penalty rates (Gareth , H 2015). According to Anna
Pha (2016) Nurses and retail workers alike rely on such things as penalty rates in order for them to just pay their rent. The recent standing on penalty
rates by the government has sent a ripple of panic through the communities of those receiving and counting on penalty. Interviews on the "The Prime
Minister's gearing up to fight the election on industrial relations but a crucial penalty rates decision could land in the middle of his campaign ABC
NEWS SA" placed both the society in which are in favour of keeping penalty rates and those business owners who are lobbying for them to be
abolished supporting the productivity commission's findings (Sydney Morning Herald 2015). Parliament along with the fair work commission, must
take the two parties of Australian workers and business owners that are fighting on either side of the argument, into consideration. The morals of
workers who are quoted as saying
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
A Discussion Of Campaign Finance Regulation
In his discussion of campaign finance regulation, Christiano argues that with cases of gatekeeper mechanism and opinion formation mechanism,
campaign expenditures should be regulated to prevent "drowning out" of the opinions of nonaffluents. He proposes that certain regulations will
actually help protect and promote freedom of expression, and suggests to limit expenditures and distribute vouchers during campaign periods. Using a
prima facie equation, I will argue against the claim that Christiano's restrictions interfere unduly with freedom of expression and defend his proposal as
a valid resolution to the problem of "drowning out."
Christiano identifies two mechanisms by which expenditures influence a political system and drowns out the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
The most obvious criticism of Christiano's proposal is that regardless of a regulation's intent or effect, regulation of campaign expenditures is an
infringement on freedom of expression. Many consider one's allocation of one's own resources to be a mode of expression, and the Supreme Court
has generally upheld this view in Buckley vs. Valeon and Citizens United vs. FEC. In this sense, limiting campaign expenditure is specifically
limiting those who are able and willing to provide private expenditures from doing so. Such a limitation can been seen as a violation of freedom of
expression, and Christiano's proposal to limit certain expressions in order to promote freedom of expression can seem absurd.
Christiano, however, argues that this temporary limitation is not an "unduly" interference because the cost of campaign regulation on freedom of
expression is surpassed by its benefits for freedom of expression. He admits that the affluents will be restricted from fully wielding their economic
advantages, but he claims that this limitation will preserve and promote diversity of opinions during the campaign period and also ensure long–run
development of discussions. Because campaign regulations will prevent diversity of ideas from being diluted by "drowning out," political discussion
will
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
Impact Of Economic Regulations On Monopolies
It is true that economic regulations have several impacts on monopolies. The economic and societal dangers of monopolies are clear. To combat the
effects of these large corporations, the government has uses both regulatory legislation and court cases, to regulate monopolistic businesses. Though the
U.S has followed varied strategies, the aim of restricting market hegemony has been relatively constant. Though examples of attempts at government
regulation are widespread, three stand out from the rest: the 19th Century railroads, Microsoft, and IBM.
It is true that antitrust laws that are aimed to curb monopolistic behaviors help to promote competition in the market. Antitrust laws endeavor to
encourage competition and promote the production of
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
Government Intervention Vs. Self Regulation
Business Ethics: Government Intervention vs. Self–Regulation Wealth brings power and power can at times bring corruption. In today's economy
where individuals are no longer the concern when it comes to wealth, the global attention is drawn to corporations who hold the majority of our
wealth. This calls for us to take cetain measures that can ensure the existence of a socially responsible behavior amongst all corporations, and these
measures could be introduced in many forms, quite possibly the most favorable currently being government intervention. However, government
intervention is not always the best method for ensuring social responsibility and ethical behavior amongst corporations. A much better alternative is a
self–regulatory economy along with a combination of freedom and transparency in order to ensure responsible behavior in corporations, in addition to
an increase in efficiency and flexibility in regards to resources and innovation. The first step is to realize exactly how out of control government
regulations have become. In his article at Wall Street Journal, Regulations Run Amok–And How to Fight Back, Charles Murray notes "the number of
federal crimes you could commit as of 2007 (the last year they were tallied) was about 4,450, a %50 increase since just 1980." Furthermore, Murray
brings to light the fact that other than a handful few, these crimes are not acts that are bad or evil in nature, and instead are labeled crimes simply
because the government
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
US Social Regulation
Economic regulation is defined as a type of government regulation that determines conditions or standards on entry of firms into the industry. Economic
regulation shall also include the regulation of financial firms. However, economic regulation is not the only governmental regulation established. The
other type of regulation, called social regulation, includes environmental controls, restrictions on labeling and advertising as well as health and safety
regulations. Social regulation involves the correction of externalities. However, there are many arguments about the exact economic rationale for such
social regulation. One reason which sets economic regulation apart from social regulation is that the two have followed very different paths in recent
history. There has been a tremendously increasing expansion of social... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Smith believed that if markets were free and competitive, then private individuals would work together for the greater good of the market. In the early
days of the US, government leaders refrained from regulating businesses. As we entered the 20th century, the consolidation of the US industry into
progressively powerful corporations was cause for government intervention to protect smaller businesses and consumers. In 1890, Congress created
and enacted the Sherman Antitrust Act, a law created to return competition and free enterprise by breaking up monopolies. In 1906, it passed laws to
ensure that food and drugs were properly identifiable and that meat was inspected before being sold. In 1913, the government developed a relatively
new federal banking system, the Federal Reserve, to monitor the nation's financial supply and to control banking activities (The Role of the
Government,
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
Government Regulations Essay
Government Regulations on Businesses Advantages and Disadvantages
Samuel Pinckney
Grantham University
Abstract
This paper will discuss the proposed views on the advantages and disadvantages of government regulations on businesses.
Government Regulations on Businesses Advantages and Disadvantages There are advantages and disadvantages that may be associated with the
regulations that government imposes on businesses. It is best to examine the reasoning behind regulations first prior to determining the potential
advantages or disadvantages that are viewed with government regulations. Government ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Environmental regulations reduce the negative repercussions of manufacturing on the environment (http://smallbusiness.chron.com
/government–regulations–small–business–1319.html). Environmental cleanup regulations require companies that contribute to hazardous waste sites
to either provide cleanup staff or pay for the cleanup (http://smallbusiness.chron.com/government–regulations–small–business–1319.html). Privacy
regulations are social regulations to protect sensitive information normally provided by the consumer. Information collected can include social security
number, address, name, health conditions, credit card and bank numbers (http://smallbusiness.chron.com/five–areas–government–regulation
–business–701.html). Laws exist that will keep businesses from spreading information, and people can sue companies for disclosing sensitive
information (http://smallbusiness.chron.com/five–areas–government–regulation–business–701.html). Employment and labor regulations could fall
under economic or social regulation types. These laws pertain to minimum wages, benefits, safety and health compliance, working conditions, equal
opportunity employment and much more that covers the largest area of business regulations (http://smallbusiness.chron.com
/five–areas–government–regulation–business–701.html). These regulations help keep employer–employee relationship relatively fair and protect
people from harassment, discrimination and unfair
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
Internet Regulation Should Not Be Regulated Essay
Introduction
In this paper, I will be arguing against the text by Lawrence Lessig by providing evidence and reasoning that proves that complete internet regulation
would never be implemented on a global scale due to the privacy concerns that the United States would face while minimal internet regulation, like
what Lessig suggests, would be unable to coexist with countries like China and Saudi Arabia who morally conflict with a global majority. Internet
regulation will never be consistent in a global scheme and would require constant revision which makes it not provide enough utility to be considered
when judging from Utilitarianism.
Background
Lessig argues that, during our progress to a truly online world, we are compelled to adjust our traditional values to ones that are more suited to the
internet world. He says that the internet is already regulated by four different things: Architecture, Society, Market and Law. While it is true that these
things already regulate to a certain degree, there are points in Cyberspace that fail to be regulated. Society and law are some of the biggest reasons that
prevent complete regulation because of the natural contrasts of a computerized world to reality; the adjustment of societal standards and laws is not
easy to do in most situations, causing contradictions and debates to be spawned by the one who try to create regulations about the internet. However,
Lessig constantly argues that the internet will not be able to be sustainable
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
Questions On Online Regulation On The Code Of Cyberspace
LSE ID– 201335899 Cyberpaternalism and Network Communitarianism sit in opposition to each other. Cyberpaternalists believe that online
regulation is effected through changes in the code of cyberspace, while Network Communitarians believe that the community takes part in the
regulatory dialogue through action and reaction. Can the two be reconciled? If not, which is to be preferred and why? ANSWER As we know
world has undergone a digital transformation of an astonishingly wide range of material artifacts interwoven with social practices in 20th century.
Lets' take an example of a bank where a person sits in a wooden cabin with little scraps of paper and an adding machine and replace it with an ATM
accessible 24 hours a day or an example of classroom with the teacher, blackboard, books and verbal lecture and replace it with materials presented in
computer hardware and software and call it "interactive learning". But the boons and banes of this "digital technology" require constant surveillance.
Censorship is often a matter of perspectives. The legitimizing motivations behind controlling flows of information often lie in paternalistic desires to
protect weaker individuals whether they are children or adults. The problem of perspectives is one of cultural relativism in the sense that "we" limit
access to information in an effort to defend important cultural values and social stability. The purpose of this essay is to ascertain which school of
thought regulating the digital
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...

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Corporate Governance And Regulation In Australia

  • 1. Corporate Governance And Regulation In Australia it might be said: I Introduction The primary problem with the current approach to regulation in Australia is that it predominantly links corporate interests to those of the shareholders, with little or no consideration given to the employees, the community, consumers and other stakeholders. This essay will explore the concepts of corporate governance and regulation and then critique the hard law, soft law and hybrid approaches to regulation. An explanation will then be provided as to why the hybrid approach remains the most appropriate regulation mechanism, followed by an explanation of the hybrid solution identified to get corporations to consider the interests of key stakeholders. II Discussion A Defining 'corporate governance' and 'regulation' Over the past few decades the term 'corporate governance' has become quite commonplace, with considerable debate arising as to the intersection between 'corporate governance' and 'regulation. The scope and content of corporate governance in and of itself is quite wide, capturing 'the structures, processes and systems, both formal and informal, by which power is exercised, constrained, monitored and accounted for in the management of a corporation'. Similarly, the definitions provided of regulation in literature are broad–ranging, but they ultimately highlight the role of regulation in controlling corporate conduct. Nonetheless, it should be noted that these mechanisms of control are not limited to legislation, administrative ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 2. Government Regulation Essay During the process of industrialization in the United States, the government decided to increase regulation of businesses, trade, and the economy overall. In his Address to the Nation on Labor Day, President Richard Nixon placed "some temporary restrictions on our economic freedom in order to create new jobs, to stop the rise in the cost of living, to protect the American dollar." During the process of industrialization, these regulations were necessary to ensure growth and sustainability. However, now that the U.S. has a sustainable economy and has finished the process of industrialization, heavy government regulation will hinder progress rather than promote it. Historical examples from other countries prove regulation is needed ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... Parker compared different levels of regulation in developing countries and compared it to the economic output in those countries. The results of this study concluded there is "a strong causal link between regulatory quality and economic performance." Regulatory quality refers to the type and amount of regulations imposed by the government in the developing country. This study shows that in developing countries, it is important governments regulate the economy to promote equality and sustainable growth while limiting corruption. Although regulation is beneficial in developing countries, other historical examples show once countries are developed regulation is harmful. One of the best examples of a country struggling with economic growth and regulation is China. Qing–hua Wang of the Beijing University Institute of Economics and Management conducted a study which looked at 16 districts and counties in Beijing from 2009 to 2014, to evaluate the impacts of new government regulations on businesses which intended to benefit the environment. The results of the study showed, "...the Beijing environmental regulation played a significant role in economic development." Analysis of the study suggested increasing economic or environmental regulation hinders economic growth due to making the affected companies and industries comparatively more expensive which leads to a loss in profit. For ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 3. Essay about Government Regulations and Rights American citizens are getting tired of the governments increasing control of the economy, health care, and a dodgy recovery plan (Engstrom, 2). According to a national survey, "Voters are starting to realize that the regulations implemented by government are beginning to intrude more so on people's personal lives" (Thompson and Tringali, 2). The survey also said that, "A majority of both conservatives (61%) and liberals (54%) say they are both negatively impacted by regulations that tell American business which workers to hire" (Thompson and Tringali, 2). Most people believe that government intervention makes citizens feel less accountable and that someone else will baby and take care of them (Thompson and Tringali, 2). Thompson and... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... "Lawmakers and regulators construct complex cost benefit calculations to justify the rules, but they never account for the erosion of liberty inherent in each and every one" said Diane (Katz, 1). Seventy four percent of voters in the United States believe that businesses and consumers are over regulated (Thompson and Tringali, 2). "Also, majorities agree that the increasing number of regulations have created uncertainty for large and small businesses (66%), and that agencies who enforce regulations fail to consider that their decisions lead to increased prices for consumers and job losses (69%)," according to a poll (Thompson and Tringali, 2). Ironically, Barak Obama has been trying to convince and persuade voters that he does actually care about jobs (Barone, 1). A lot of Americans are putting all their attention on healthcare, which is good, but [Americans] do not need to lose sight of the people in Congress because they are the ones that created it and now Americans need to get rid of these liberals and prevent such a thing like this from happening again (Langer, 1). One of the many regulations is healthcare and that "There hardly could be a more inapt title for the Obamacare legislation than the "Patient Protection and Affordable Act"–which basically provides protection for the consumer and gives you new coverage options to help you better understand the Obamacare implemented by Congress (Katz, 1). Obama's plan for an ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 4. Regulation And Economic Growth Essay THE IMPACT OF REGULATION ON ECONOMIC GROWTH IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES: A CROSS –COUNTRY ANALYSIS 1 ABSTRACT The role of an effective regulatory regime in promoting economic growth and development has generated considerable interest among researchers and practitioners in recent years. In particular, building effective regulatory structures in developing countries is not simply an issue of the technical design of the most appropriate regulatory instruments, it is also concerned with the quality of supporting regulatory institutions and capacity. This paper explores the role of state regulation using an econometric model of the impact of regulation on growth. The results based on two different techniques of estimation suggest a ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... The rest of the paper is organised as follows. Section 2 reviews issues in the literature pertinent to the debate on the role of regulation in economic growth, before turning to regulatory measures and proxies for the quality of regulation. In section 3 the models used are presented. Section 4 deals with a descriptive analysis of the data and reports the regression results. The results confirm that the quality of state regulation impacts positively on economic growth. development policy. Finally, section 5 provides conclusions and the implications for 5 2. LITERATURE REVIEW (a) Regulation Theory The theory of economic regulation developed from the nineteenth century and the literature is now vast (for recent reviews, see Laffont and Tirole, 1993, 2000; Levy and Spiller, 1994; Newbery, 1999). The case for economic regulation is premised on the existence of
  • 5. significant market failure resulting from economies of scale and scope in production, from information imperfections in market transactions, from the existence of incomplete markets and externalities, and from resulting income and wealth distribution effects. It has been suggested that market failures may be more pronounced, and therefore the case for public regulation is stronger, in developing countries (Stiglitz 1998). More recent theoretical contributions to the regulation literature have provided a model of regulation for network industries that recognises the ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 6. Government Regulation And Its Effect On Society Essay The world is a complex and intricate machine, with many pieces to create a much larger thing. Government and society are simply pieces of the same machine that depend on each other. Likewise, government and society have the option to liberate or limit the activities of men and it is a necessary occurrence of life. Government is dependent on society because social behaviors exists wherever there are good or bad, proper or improper relationships between human beings. Humans install government from their own belief that human behavior is "self–centered" therefore society requires governing. Likewise, government oversight is needed in the economy as well as in society. The appropriate role of government in the economy is different from a typical liberal stance. Although the economy is an ever–changing machine that rises and falls due to no fault of its own some feel that government regulation is needed. Without government regulation in the economy, free market trade could set the bar for interest rates, trade tax, business monopolies, and currency value. "...the safety of the republic lay in the autocratic strength of its government..." this quote from Franklin Roosevelt's Commonwealth Club Address displays how the main objective for a strong central government is to protect the people. To further protect the people of the United States, the presences of a strong government in the financial sector is crucial to prohibit the use of banks raising the interest rates to a level where ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 7. The New Global Rulers : The Privatization Of Regulation As the world becomes increasingly interdependent, global governance is necessary to effectively address transnational economic issues. Public and private governance has emerged in response to transnational challenges, resulting in institutional complexities and overlapping goals, as seen in Vogel's article, as well as in the books written by Hale and Held, and Buthe and Mattli. I will explore the benefits and disadvantages of transnational governance beginning with examining Hale and Held's book "Handbook of Transnational Governance: Institutions and Innovations", which looks at the the different types of governance that have emerged. I will go on to review Vogel's article "Private Global BusinessRegulation", which discusses the importance of incorporating private regulation with state–based regulatory policies. I will then review Buthe and Mattli's book "The New Global Rulers: The Privatization of Regulation in the World Economy" to explore the implications of the internationalization and privatization of rule making. I will go on to conclude that overall, public and private governance is beneficial as it provides more expertise and resources, and can support the growth of a stable global economy. That being said, these governing bodies must work to increase their legitimacy in order to have sustainable success by streamlining their common goals and considering their effect on developing countries. By looking specifically at the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision, I ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 8. Emotion Regulation in Infants Essay Emotion regulation involves intrinsic and extrinsic processing of monitoring and modifying emotional reactions in both positive or negative situations (Martins, 2012). In order for individuals to have the ability to regulate emotions, they must beware of their emotions. Although infants are unaware and lack the ability to regulate their emotions, it then becomes the role of a primary carer to nurture the infant, thus acting as a model for regulating emotions. Evidently, infants grow to reflect the ways in which their carers control and modify their emotions as well as social boundaries. Furthermore, emotion regulation is considered an important aspect of an individuals life as it 'can moderate emotions and keep them in a manageable range ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... What is emotion regulation in infants 0–4? The regulation of emotions within adults is considerably more complex than within an infant. However, this does not mean that infants do not share the same feelings as adults do. Infant emotion regulation is evidently derived from their primary carers. Empirical research supports idea as stated by Diener (et al, 2002) whereby the study conducted involved infants completing a strange situations procedure, this explored the connection between mother–infant relationship and the behavioural strategies used by infants for emotion regulation. Therefore, behavioural strategies used by infants including self–soothing, withdrawal and self–distraction with objects is when it is clear that infants have the ability to control and monitor their emotions (Martins, 2012; Diener et al., 2002). These strategies are supported through various studies conducted by Martins (2012) as they explore infants who are able to cope with their emotions obtain certain strategies which contribute to their ability to regulate their behaviour for example using distractions. Evidently, this shows the development of infant emotion regulation skills (Diener et al, 2002). Moreover, infants experience a range of emotions in numerous frustrating situations, including some as simple as waiting to be fed or sitting in a car seat waiting to go out. It is from this that infants become more aware of their emotions and begin to find ways of coping ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 9. Government Regulation The purpose of this paper is to assess different types of government regulations, how those regulations affect current market structures while defining the different types of market structures and finally what provisions and laws have been put in place to protect consumers and society from big business and firms choices. Industrial regulation is the government's attempt to enact laws designed to prevent firms from participating in bad monopolistic practices and to promote competition in the market space. The reason industrial regulation exists is to keep an eye on firms by making sure monopolies don't start, however if they do or currently exist regulations are put in place to monitor prices and products to make sure society and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... Economic theory justifies natural monopolies on the basis that consumers can benefit from a monopoly so long as restrictions are put into place surrounding output and high prices of goods by the monopoly. Consumers benefit by being able to purchase a desired product at lower per–unit costs. To provide an example of how natural monopolies are established most often would be surrounding public utilities, such as water, gas and electricity services. It makes more sense for the city or state to take on these responsibilities rather than having multiple firms in the market driving up price and providing lesser goods/services per firm. Economic theory supports monopoly in industries like public transportation and the postal service. Beginning in the late 1800s government began to enact four major pieces of legislation collectively known as the Antitrust Laws. The Sherman Act of 1890 is the founding legislation which states that any firm or individual operating in restraint of trade is committing an illegal act and secondly any person or firm attempting to monopolize or conspire has committed a felony. The first piece of legislation is the Clayton Act of 1914 which directly builds on the Sherman Act by specifying what specific acts are in restraint of trade and attempts at monopolization. Sections of the act outlaw price discrimination, tying contracts, purchase of stock of a rival firm that would cause less competition an d interlocking ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 10. Alumina: Business Regulation Simulation Essay Alumina: Business Regulation Simulation Abstract This paper identifies the key facts, regulations and legal issues in the Business Regulation Simulation regarding Alumina, a global multibillion company. It identifies several of Alumina's values and stakeholders and discusses the conflicts among the competing stakeholders according to the simulation. In addition, a summarization on the basic issues on how the internal counsel handles the regulatory issue. Three alternative solutions are also discussed using the risk analysis matrix and summarizes how these align with Alumina's values. Business Regulation Simulation In a global environment, businesses have many business risks and one of them is federal governmental ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... Key Facts, Regulations, Legal Issues One of the key facts was that Alumina was found to have high concentration levels of Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAH's) in their environmental expulsion standards after an evaluation by the EPA five years earlier. Since Alumina was out of compliance, a clean up was ordered by the EPA and Alumina acted in accordance to correct the problem and a subsequent test was in compliance (Simulation, 2007). This was an excellent course of action which helped Alumina establish itself as a responsible and environmentally friendly company. Any business that has emissions that are not processed accordingly to regulations, run the risk of ruining the environment can and therefore, the EPA's cleanup was in order. Alumina understood that PAH's had to be monitored and cleaned up. They also understood these organic compounds are produced when materials containing carbon and hydrogen are burned. The PAH's are harmful due to their carcinogenic mutant substances (http://www.propex.com /C_f_env_pah.htm). The environmental regulation is considered the most severe of governmental regulation of a business because of the costs involved for its rigid compliance. The penalties are strict because the government requires that businesses ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 11. Government Regulation Of The United States The government has always played a very strong role in the laws of the United States and in the lives of people who live in this country. At times in history, the government has been too strict on its people other times.These leaders have, however, failed to achieve a successful medium between these two treatments. The situation is similar to this one when dealing with most everything that the government has any type of control over. Although there are opposing sides which either argue for strict government regulation of the diets of its people or no government regulation at all, a middle ground should be explored and examined by the government itself regarding this topic. Nutrition in America is a very touchy and sensitive subject to talk ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... The government seems, also, to cut off all of the things that they think are sources of the problem at once as well. There is, and never really has been, any balance in the system of the government when it comes to this type of issue. People come up with their own theory to make themselves feel like they are still in the right, the government recognizes that there is a problem, so it enters the situation without thinking out or planning for a legitimate solution to the problem; it places into and enforces rules and regulations that are possibly too strict for the people in the nation, and so the people turn the opposite way again. ...[W]hen this happens, the cycle just starts over and keeps repeating itself throughout time, and this cycle does not help anyone in any way because the problem never really finds a resolution this way (Malanga). The view of these types of people who try to come up with and research their own theories to make themselves feel better about continuing what they are doing are on the "no government involvement" side of the argument about the regulation situation. The government's view on this problem is mostly focused on trying to better the citizens who live in its designated country; this ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 12. Anthony Falzone's Regulation And Technology Government Regulations on Technology Throughout the decades, technology has advanced tremendously causing many attractions towards it. It has touched every aspect of life, making it better and easier to manage things. Since technology has been improved so much, it has gained a lot of attention from the government. The government feels the need to regulate and control everything to keep things in order. The question whether to regulate the production and use of technology has been ongoing for years. Many people have different opinions on if the government should do this. Regulation of technology is not necessarily good or bad. According to Anthony Falzone's Regulation and Technology, "Government is often at its best when it cultivates new ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... For example high–tech inventions that produce pollution needs to be controlled so it won't weaken the environment. According to Jonathan B. Wiener's, Regulations of Technology, and the Technology of Regulation, "Regulations is a set of techniques for changing production functions to produce fewer of some outputs such as pollution or more of others." For most people they think the government is right for setting these types of rules so harm wouldn't continue. "The influence of regulation on technology is complex and depends on the technology of regulation and the design and instrument choice of regulatory ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 13. Self Regulation over Government Regulation on The... How involved should the Government be when it comes to regulation of the Internet? There are many different issues regarding internet regulation. Should Internet users be responsible for controlling how they use the Internet? Since the internet has been introduced to Americans there have been many debates on how involved the Government should be in regulating topics such as violent games, gambling, and sexual content. The Internet is a very useful source for many things. It has almost become a way of life for some people It has faded out things such as post offices, shopping malls and even telephones to some extent. So since it has become such an asset in peoples lives then should there be laws to prevent chaos on the Internet? People ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... So what should the Government do? The Government has power to control who can gamble and who can purchace certain items at a casino or store but how can the government possibly stop a teenager from doing this online? It needs to be up to the parent to control how their child uses the Internet. Another issue is video games on the internet. There are a lot of violent video games now days, most of which you have to be eighteen to purchase. There are also a lot of violent video games on the Internet that you have to be eighteen to play but all you have to do is check the little box that says yes I am eighteen or over, and who would know any different but that person? A lot of people are very adament about self–regulation. Any other kind of government regulation on the internet would be a very long process. It's not just the U.S. that has access to this tool. It is the World Wide Web, meanig it's world wide. There would need to be some sort of committee formed and it would have to consist of officials from different countries in order to have any law or regulation because the Internet does not belong to the U.S., it belongs to the world. Self–regulation is, I believe, the best kind of regulation for the Internet. If a parent does not want their child playing violent video games or downloading pornographic images then ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 14. Controversial Aspects Of Government Regulation Regulating a variety of aspects of business and society is an old and often controversial aspect of government, particularly at the national level. Much of what the national government does, or fails to do, has an impact on individual citizens, private corporations and other business enterprises, agricultural producers and marketers, foreign governments, labor unions, and state and local governments. The first national regulatory efforts in the late 1800s were intended at punishment for, and the prevention of, abuses in the marketplace, antitrust violations, and price gouging. During the 20th century, government regulation became even more extensive, focusing not only on preventing certain kinds of practices, but also requiring that certain in service standards can and should be met. And the past 50 years, more than a dozen new regulatory agencies have been shaped at the national and state government levels, following the route of new regulatory statutes. Regulatory measures contact virtually every part of our lives. Some government actions are seemingly not linked to regulating private lives, but still indeed do so. These include local building codes and zoning laws; government housing loan programs with minimum income requirements cut off many inferior citizens from an ability to ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... Some challenge that the most efficient regulator is free–market competition among those seeking to attract the buying public. They argue that government regulation is intrusive with the marketplace and works to the disadvantage of both consumers and producers. Advocates of government regulation, however, see a better need to observe and guide the path of competition. They believe that an entirely unrestrained market will unavoidably lead to monopolistic practices, higher costs, underserved segments of society, and lower–quality goods and ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 15. The Legal Laws Regulation Bill 2011 Introduction The Legal Profession in Ireland is made up of two main divisions, Solicitors and Barristers. The Profession and their practises have long been faced with recommendations for reform. The 1990 The Fair trade Commission Report into Restrictive Practises in the Legal Professions is one such report giving recommendations for change and more recently The Competition Authority's 2006, Study of Competition in Legal Services. The OECD has also in the past released disapproving reports on the levels of competition within the profession. It is fair to say most of the pressure for reform stems from outside the Legal Profession itself. Up until now all these reports have purely been on a recommendations basis, however change ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... The bar as they are collectively known is not regulated by statute. This means that currently the Legal profession in Ireland is currently largely self–regulated. When regarding Regulation of the profession, the 2006 Competition Authority's report summarises, that they would like to see the introduction of an entirely independent statutory body entitled the Legal Services Commission to provide external regulation to the profession, it explains that The Bar Council and The Law Society are the representative bodies for Solicitors and Barristers, this status requires them to lobby on their behalf of their members. A conflict is created as they are also for the most part the soul regulators for the Professions. The Legal Services Commission proposed by The Competition Authority suggestion still allows the representative bodies, some form of day to day regulatory function but it would be a requirement that this function be held and operated completely separate from their individual duties as a representative body. With regard to regulation, the 2011 Legal Services Regulation Bill puts forward the establishment of the Legal Services Regulatory Authority consisting of 11 members, appointed by the government. Its aim, also to provide independent regulation separate from the professional bodies but it intends to provide places on the board for them. The Bar Council of Ireland has raised concerns, they maintain that, if ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 16. Private Voluntary Regulation Is Not An Effective... This essay will argue that private voluntary regulation is not an effective substitute for national and multilateral regulations. Although it has advantages, it requires certain situations to ensure that the regulations are effective; it also poses a lot of disadvantages. Concluding private voluntary regulation should maybe be seen as complementing national and multilateral regulations instead of substituting to maximize effectiveness. Firstly we will begin by looking at the reasons why there has been a rise in voluntary regulations. This essay will then proceed to look at merits of private regulation and the counter arguments which will looks at factors, such as the nature of codes or conducts, whether monitoring these standards are ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... So private voluntary regulations arose with the intention of fixing and improving the problems raised. So to regulate labour standards of there supply change and environmental and ethical standards.... A benefit of private voluntary regulations is that since it has evolved we have seen a rise in Fair trade this is where producers in developing countries are working in better trading conditions and are suppose to be earning a higher wage than others in developing countries who are not part of Fair trade. A regulation has two standards outcome standards and process standards. Outcome standards can be seen as health and safety, child labour and Process standards can be seen as labour rights. An advantage of private voluntary regulations is that its helps to improve outcome standards. For example Nike made sure that all their workers in the supply chain was where over the age of 18. This is an example of improving outcome standards According to Mayer and Gereffi private voluntary regulations is likely to be effective under 6 hypotheses. With the first 4 situations producing the most effective forms of private regulator. For the purpose of the essay only the four hypothesis in which private voluntary is likely to be effective will be discussed hypothesis – 1) Firms who are large and lead in there ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 17. Questions On Financial Markets : Regulations Stephen Schofield Oshiyoye ECON 2301 6 December 2016 Financial Markets: Regulations When looking at something as large as the economy, we have to realize that there is always the potential for something to go wrong. This could be something that naturally takes place due to lows and highs in business cycles, or something that is totally unnatural, like human manipulation of the market. Due to things like this we often have to set some type of regulations to keep certain factors of the economy in check. During this paper I will discuss some of the regulation packages that have been introduced in an effort to keep the economy in check. A few of these include the Glass–Steagall Act, the Frank–Dodd Act, and the Volker Rule. Furthermore, we will attempt to answer questions like, how does the Frank–Dodd address the "Too Big to Fail" problem with banks? Do you think the Frank–Dodd Act accomplishes its goal? If not, what might you suggest to correct the issue? The banking system has changed greatly over the past 100 years, but a lot of the change deals with more strict regulation on what banks are allowed to do. In a time period from 1929 to 1933, the banking system had some problems. Before 1933, banking activities weren't regulated, so banks could do whatever they wanted to with private money. In 1933 at Franklin Roosevelt's inauguration he stated that "there must be an end to speculation with other people's money" (Lopes). By this, he wants banks to stop using the money of private ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 18. Manchester Airport Regulations Manchester Airport operates in an increasingly competitive environment and must differentiate itself not only. Finance All organisations must take great care in setting their financial targets. If they are set too low then they will be readily achieved and full potential will not be reached. At present the economic regulation of airports is targeted solely at reducing the charges to airlines. Non–aviation income is not regulated and the Airport , therefore, seeks to encourage the development of such revenue streams to sustain the profitability of the Company. To maintain its reputation as a quality service provider, therefore, Manchester Airport has to ensure that it increases capacity and markets itself to become more ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... 2. The lifting of restrictions on airlines as to which airports they cn fly has resulted in the successful establishment of a number of new routes to a number of countries and the growth of opportunities for no frills airlines. Competition Manchester Airport operates in an increasingly competitive environment and must differentiate itself not only from other UK airports but also major European airports, who are becoming more aggressive in trying to attract and develop scheduled and charter traffic. Single Till The current regulation also determines that all income within the Manchester Airport group counts towards the Single Till, that is, it should be set against the overall rate of return allowed under regulation to increasingly subsidise cots to airlines. Government Regulation
  • 19. Although the Manchester Airport group is a public limited company (plc) there is a policy not to issue shares publicly. Economic Environment The charter market accounts for approximately 55% of Airport activities, whilst the scheduled market 45%. Future trends indicate that the gap may be narrowing as more scheduled and economy carries increasingly cater for leisure traffic. It is hoped that this will limit the effects of the volatility of the charter market, which can drop significantly of recession. Seasonal Factors The Airport is busiest during the summer months when ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 20. What Is An Example Of Prescriptive Regulation A prescriptive regulation is where the regulating authority defines explicitly how a task is to be undertaken. It informs exactly what is to be done and it needs the industries to demonstrate that they have strictly adhered to the 'prescribed' steps. A goal–setting regulation on the other hand keeps the end goal or objective in mind and leaves the method used to achieve that to the industries. Here, the industries have the freedom to arrive at the goal using any way they see fit, as long as they demonstrate that the end goal has been reached. To clearly see the difference between these two contrasting regulations, we can look at some examples of each Examples of prescriptive regulation "Footings for masonry chimneys shall be constructed of concrete or solid masonry at least 12 inches (305mm) thick and shall extend at least 6 inches (152mm) beyond the face of the foundation or support wall on all sides. Footings shall be founded on natural undisturbed earth or engineered fill below frost depth. In areas not subject to freezing, footings shall be at least 12 inches (305mm) below finished grade" 1 "Thru–bolts shall have a diameter of 12". Pilot holes for thru–bolts shall be 1732" to 916" in diameter. Thru–bolts require washers at the bolt head and nut." 2 Here, we can see that the regulations clearly states how the footings for chimneys should be built in the first case and the diameter of thru–bolts in the latter. Anything apart from this specification will lead to ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 21. The Importance Of Government Regulations Government regulation is important to society. A protection to both society and the citizens, criminal law allows for government intervention on the daily issues of the country (Saunders and Bromwich, 2016, p. 15). Regulations purposes listed here are just a few: Protecting the environment, regulating the marketplace, and regulating individuals (Saunders and Bromwich, 2016, p. 16–25). The government is concerned with the amount of damage caused by human beings to earth. Water supplies are being damaged through agricultural by–products, industries are spewing chemicals in the air, water, and ground, and the disposal of waste in our lands and water (Saunders and Bromwich, 2016, p. 16). The government regulates the destruction of earth by creating ways to incentivize and protect the environment (Saunders and Bromwich, 2016, p. 16). In the marketplace, rich businesses cause white collar crimes. Fraud, scams, or misleading advertisements are regulated by the government through criminal law (Saunders and Bromwich, 2016, p. 20–21). Furthermore, the government is obligated to regulate the individuals within society (Saunders and Bromwich, 2016, p. 23–25). Crime happens because of human greed and corruption, and the government needs to set down rules to prevent and protect the law abiding citizens. There will be three types of government regulations that will be addressed. The first method of government regulation is taxes (Saunders and Bromwich, 2016, p. 27). By ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 22. Effects Of Regulation On The Economy Every economy needs regulations to a certain extent, but how much is too much, and how exactly do regulations even affect the economy of the country? Those are key questions that many are asking, and don't truly have answers for. Many people in the country feel that there is way too much regulation on the economy at this point; however, there's also a great amount of people who are content with how much regulation is going on, and would keep pushing. Essentially there are two extremes when it comes to the topic of regulation and what too much of it will do to the economy. Too much regulation on the economy can have a negative impact in many ways. The biggest reason as to why many are so terribly against too much regulation is because... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... In Texas each person who is a computer repair technician is required to obtain a private investigator's license, or a PI license. The only way two ways for and individual to receive a PI license is to either go to school and earn a degree in criminal justice (CJ), or they are required to take part in a three year apprenticeship with an individual who is already a licensed PI. Considering that there are individuals who just repair computers on the side or want to just help a friend or someone else out simply because they possess the skill set is also not an option. Any person who repairs a computer without possessing a license, and any person who lets someone without the PI license repairs their computer are both violating laws. Both could receive up to a year of jail time and both could be fined up to $4,000. Texas isn't the only place that requires individuals to get license for petty things. In Pennsylvania, any person who is a blogger it is obligatory to purchase a business privilege license. These licenses cost $300, and it truly wouldn't be a big deal if one is making a lot of money off of blogging; however, regardless of how much or how little you make off of blogging one is required to pay the $300 license fee. There was a case about a young lady who was "chased after" because she earned $11 from blogging over the course of two years. It truly isn't worth ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 23. Regulation Framework Of Canada And Compliance Regulation framework of Canada and compliance Part 1 The current Canadian security regulation is managed by laws and agencies that have been established by Canada's 13 provincial and territorial governments. Each of the province has its own security regulator that is in charge of administration of the securities acts, regulations and rules. The idea of setting up a national single security regulator has been suggested by various reports that have outline a range of problems with the current system (Mark 121). The reports suggests that the current system needs improvement and in a prompt manner. Concerns have been put forward that the current regulation is too complex and is harmful to the security market operations. The current system has also ben said to increase compliance costs hurting the Canadian market competitiveness (Mark 123). In addition, the current regulatory system has been said to be slow to respond to changes in the environment as there is need for agreement from all the thirteen authorities. The global security market has also rendered its support for the establishment of a single regulatory system. However, despite the problems and concerns over the current system in the last decade, the current system still remains in place due to certain barriers if change to a centralized security regulatory system that exist. Barriers to change A diverse securities market The Canadian security market is distinguished from other developed markets by the presence of ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 24. Gov't Regulation in Private Sector July 30, 2007 What are the key reasons for Government regulation of the private sector? In an economy there are two sectors, the public and private. The private sector, by definition, is the part of a nation's economy that isn't controlled by the government.(Investorwords). Several business organizations make up the private sector with the three basic ones being sole proprietorships, partnerships, and corporations. Most are for profit and part of that profit goes to the government in the form of taxes. The private sector can be referred to as a market. Markets operate by themselves and allocate resources efficiently, but they're not perfect. Government regulation of the private sector is justified under two circumstances: when flaws ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... Fairness, a moral consideration, would be a reason for why a natural monopoly would be regulated. For developing countries, their developmental objectives such as growth are very important. Natural monopolies like electricity or telecommunications are crucial to a nation's infrastructure. Would an unregulated private monopoly make the proper investments necessary to offer the good or service to everyone today and in their country's needs overt time. If mishandled, an unregulated private monopoly could easily slow the grow of a developing country. Why do we need antitrust laws? The antitrust law prohibits non–competitive behavior and unfair business practices. The term "antitrust" was originally formulated to combat "business trusts", now more commonly known as cartels. A distinction between single–firm and muti–firm conduct is fundamental to the structure of the U.S. antitrust law which Philop Areeda has pointed out, "contains a basic distinction between concerted and independent action."(Areeda) Some activities are subject to more investigation, such as price fixing, bid rigging, geographic market allocation, and fraud. Consumer protection laws are a part of the antitrust laws. They attempt to regulate some aspects of the relationship between consumers and businesses. Antitrust laws are further seen in agreements of trade, monopolization and attempted monopolization, anticompetitive mergers, and in tie–in schemes. Anticompetitive behavior are typical ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 25. Regulatory Government Regulation With the vast growth of industrialization way back in the 19 th century, concerns came on how these industries and technologies were impacting on the social, cultural and economic well–being of the people. The negative effects got overlooked with nobody to speak against them and protect livelihoods of the people. The federal government later then came up regulatory bodies to put industries on the check and see that they provide quality services and products that are not harmful to the people. Various types ofregulation were set up. Product safety which charged with ensuring that we don't get exposed to products, services and technological processes that would otherwise be hazardous to our health. Rate setting regulation and market functioning ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... Problems facing regulatory government supports deregulation. First, the cost in regulatory jurisdictions is quite high. Regulated markets tend to offer fewer benefits to society than free markets. Also, private sectors are self–regulating by employing independent external auditors whereas it is a general observation that lawsuits are an incentive to provision quality services by firms. Regulation reforms enshrined in the constitution monitor the legislation, executive and judicial structure of the regulatory agencies as the government seeks to create and maintain a better working environment in the society. Traditional managerial approach to governing administration is characterized by red–tape and bureaucratic one sided decision making whereas the new public management approach focuses mainly on bilateral decision–making and is compliance–oriented. Political strategies have transformed from a self–centered, corrupt inclusion in the agencies to a more open centered approach that focuses on its citizens' welfare, just as the legalistic approach focuses on maintaining reasonability in the regulation process with keen observation of the rule of ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 26. Examples Of Order And Regulations In Anthem The Merriam– Webster dictionary describes a rule– "A rule is a statement that tells you what is or not allowed in a particular game,situation,etc." Everyday we abide by the rules and regulations created by teachers, mayors, governors, and even presidents. These rules determine how people live their lives daily, there are controls and rules everywhere to create order and regulation. This order and regulation creates a controlled lifestyle for many people in many places. In the book Anthem there are specific rules that create an extremely structured society, these rules compose a collective community. A society with such a plentiful amount rules that they generalize every singleperson to be the same, disregarding their jobs, the only element ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... The rules in the book anthem are extreme and cause people to not be able to be an individual. These rules are what caused Equality to run away. He understood that there was more to life than the rules set before him that were more than extreme. His new society would not have any of the rules or controls that took over the old society. There would be love and individualism in the new world.Equality's new world would have new rules that would exist not for the reasons of the previous society but to create order and safety but not to limit human ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 27. Canadian Honey Labelling Regulations In today's society there are regulations in place for everything– from the safety of children's toys to road construction to food processing and packaging. "Regulations consist of requirements the government imposes on private firms and individuals to achieve government's purposes" (Litan, 2008). Regulations are in place to protect businesses, producers, consumers, individuals, animals, and even the environment. For example, the packaging and labelling regulations in Canada protects the consumers and producers of the many food products produced in Canada, one of which is honey. This paper will focus on the packaging and labelling requirements of Canadian honey through discussion of the regulations, stakeholders and the opposition of stakeholders ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... According to the group, the deregulation of food container sizes would be inconvenient for consumers, as Canadian consumers use the standard package sizes to compare prices ("Push for deregulation", 2012). With the deregulation, there is also potential for downsized packages to carry the same price tag as previous products of a higher quantity, which would be a disadvantage to Canadian consumers as well ("Push for deregulation", 2012). Canadian Grocer also points out that because of these regulations, Canadian producers and manufacturers have invested in equipment that is based on the packaging sizes of containers in Canada, and that the deregulation of these sizes would cost these producers the money they could spend on produce to retool their processing equipment ("Push for deregulation", 2012). As previously mentioned, these regulatory changes would not only affect the honey industry, but other industries, like the ketchup industry as well. A decision like this could have very large impacts on Canadian farming and processing cities and towns, such as Leamington, Ontario, also known as the "Tomato Capital of Canada." The mayor of Leamington, John Paterson, stated that the Heinz ketchup plant that uses the tomatoes of the 80 tomato farms of the area to make ketchup would be "vulnerable to closing, and consolidating the production to ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 28. The Contradiction Of Opposing Regulation The Contradiction of Opposing Regulation Under public interest theory, regulations exist to protect consumers, to protect workers, and to protect the rights of the least advantaged. They exist to hedge against the greed, corruption, and exploitation that can occur in an unchecked capitalistic society. They attempt to prevent or ameliorate detrimental consequences to individuals and communities. Granted, this can be seen as an idealistic view of regulation. Exponents of public interest theory argue that even well–intentioned regulation can fail to achieve what it set out to do, and politicians are imperfect and subject to pressure both by corporations and vocal minorities (Koopman et al., 2014). Nonetheless, in the United States, these democratically elected local and federal representatives have put regulations in place that, unless given reason for doubt, are presumed to reflect the will of their constituents. Therefore, rebelling against regulation is not simply renouncing the government – in some cases, it is renouncing the concerns of the communities that these companies argue they are improving. Airbnb's $8 million snarky ad campaign against a housing affordability bill in San Francisco was widely panned as "tone–deaf." One of the many billboard ads suggested to the public library system to "use some of the $12 million in hotel taxes to keep the library open later" (Toor, 2015). Tusk Ventures, a corporate consulting firm that serves as a "regulatory broker," assists ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 29. The Dangers Of Regulation Cryptocurrency: The Dangers of Regulation Research suggests that government and large financial institutions should not be allowed to regulate cryptocurrency, because eventually it will change cryptocurrency to mirror our current paper currency system, and ultimately remove the freedom and anonymity associated with the use of cryptocurrency. The use of Cryptocurrency has become more prevalent across the globe. It makes sense that regulation would be the next step in the process, but if not done with a desire to break from a traditional approach large financial institutions and governments will end up establishing the standards and determining the value. At that point cryptocurrency may still carry the label of a decentralized form of ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... Russia, China, Canada and the United States have all regulated Bitcoin differently, and no country as of yet has completely endorsed Bitcoin. While Bitcoin may be the most well–known crypto currency, there are several other decentralized peer–to–peer currencies such as, Blackcoin, Dash, Coinye, Peercoin, and Litecoin. In all there are over 700 varieties of cryptocurrencies currently available. Cryptocurrency is still at a very early stage, where many of today's leaders do not quite understand the currency. It appears everyone is waiting for someone to make the first move. There are several concerns that prompted discussion of regulating cryptocurrencies. One concern is the use of cryptocurrency exchanges, which facilitate virtual currency transactions and exchange to denominated currencies. Virtual exchanges have proved extremely difficult for law enforcement to monitor for illegal activity. The U.S. remains particularly concerned that cryptocurrency will pose added challenges to combating terrorism. The exchange of money via virtual networks is seen to attract "cyber–criminals" which makes detecting acts of illegal funding extremely difficult. The concern is if adequate controls are not implemented, terrorist groups may successfully finance their illegal operations in the U.S. or elsewhere. One can easily imagine how the cryptocurrency industry could develop into an exclusive source of funding, serving the needs of already illegal ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 30. Stricter Media Regulations With the rise of new technologies, there is certain debates on whether or not media regulations are a good or a bad thing. There are benefits and consequences for both sides. In a sense, regulations are an essential element in our society. Every time there is a new technology, regulations must be made in order to create rules that influencers and organizations must follow. Stricter media regulations means would protect public interests, protect individual rights, insuring fair competition, and censoring violent and innappropriate material. п»їп»їп»їп»їп»їп»їп»їп»їп»їп»їп»їп»їп»їп»їп»їп»їп»їп»їп»їп»їп»їп»їп»їп»їп»їп»їп»їп»їп»їп»їп»їп»їп»їп»їп»їп»їп»їп»їп»їп»їп»їп»їп»їп»їп»їп»їп»їп the other hand, the incorporation of media regulations by the government could potentially unconstitutional and limit the freedoms of the press. One must look at both sides to form their own opinion about how much regulation is needed. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... Many good things have come from government regulation such as copyright laws, the FCC and regulating ownership to influence competition. The copyright laws and mechanisms in place to insure the protection of intellectual property rights. These laws are put into place as the protection of ideas and products that could potentially be stolen or used without the owners approval. The FCC, or the Federal Radio Commission, is an agency that's sole responsibility is to regulate TV, radio and phone industries. The FCC policy makers are there to serve the "public interest" in censoring subjects that may be considered objectionable, harmful, sensitive, or politically incorrect. This censorship insures that children are not subject to foal material that are inappropriate for them. Another important aspect is the regulating of the ownership and control. This is essential in that competition thrives and mass media is not dominated by one ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 31. Aims And Objectives Of Employment Regulation Activity 1 1.1Explain the aims and objectives of employment regulation. The aim of employment law regulation is to provide legal protection to employees and employers the relationship between businesses. Objectives of Employment Law: Social justice is the distribution of difference in society and is based on equality and its opportunity. Within the workplace, social justice also refers to access to rights and fairness. Employee protection employment rights are designed to balance the expectations of the job with the fair treatment of the employee doing it. Employee rights at work come from both as statutory rights and his/her employment contract. European law As part of the European Union, the UK is a subject to European law, with European law having authority and take the place of any domestic law. This means that domestic law should be done in the same way with European law. Most EU law is also introduced into UK law via statutes. European Union directive can be interpreted into domestic law as it is less specific and most European Union influence on UK employment law has been through directives. The sources of employment law are: Legislation European law Codes of practice & regulations. The main source of employment law is statutes:
  • 32. Acts of Parliament = Equality Act 2010 Equal Opportunities legislation sets out that all employees should receive the same pay and conditions for carrying out the same or approximately similar work. EU Law = ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 33. Healthcare Regulation Simulation Paper The presented article from the New England Journal of Medicine discusses the relationship between the changes in healthcare regulation and the ways in which these changes serve to diminish concerns from the general public. The nature of the global health law system was then discussed and it was identified that in place of a treaty monitoring body are several "soft" and "hard" law instruments that the World Health Organization(WHO) utilizes to establish the "legal norms" that serve to establish the best practices in healthcare throughout the world (Gostin & Sridhar, 2014). Healthcare regulation at the international level is carried out via a combination of laws which are established at the national level and are then enforced by various governing health services in different countries. These legal norms are comprised of a combination of these soft and hard legal ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... Through a variety of political tools and with institutional support from various levels, the WHO and its members from 194 various countries have adopted such formal recommendations as the International Code of Marketing Breast–Milk Substitutes in 1981 as well as the Global Code of Practice on the International Recruitment of Health Personnel in 2010 (Gostin & Sridhar, 2014). Although the WHO is the authority of these legal instruments, its overall function does lack the ability to specifically enforce any treaties or regulation recommendation. Instead, members of the WHO will extend to other members an invitation for a convention. Within 18 months' members must then accept or deny the invitation which forces the individual countries to consider issues and for their individual governments to assume a position of either wishing to contribute an opinion internationally or simple develop a national position within their own ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 34. Government Regulation Essay Government Regulation Throughout history there have been many different opinions about government regulation. Some believe the government regulates business too much others feel that the government does not do enough. I believe the government is regulating business far too much and furthermore putting businesses out of business and causing many workers to lose jobs. In this paper I will point out the common problems dealing with government regulation. I will also focus on three major aspects of government regulation which include: 1) regulation interferes with production by halting innovation and discouraging risk taking, resulting in declining employment, 2) government over regulates by setting standards for every aspect of ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... In all of the cases of 1970 the Congress chose to regulate instead of the alternatives; court penalties for polluters, tax penalties for employers with poor safety records, or government–funded information programs. " If the health and safety regulators were created in response to nonexistent crises, it is not surprising they have made little impact on morality rates."(Crickmer 1980) Sam Peltzman, University of Chicago economist, did a cost–benefit analysis of the drug regulations that followed the thalidomide tragedy in Europe. In his analysis he focused on the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) which is alike the older single–industry regulators and some of its problems are typical of most health and safety regulation. He found that the new drug laws were costing far more than the benefits achieved. In Britain more lives were being saved than in the U.S. due to the fewer restrictions on new drugs unlike the U.S. which have conservative policies towards new drugs. Regulation interferes with production and halts innovation and risk taking resulting in declining employment. This is to say, because of regulation costs, the businesses do not have enough money to invest in taking risks with new ideas and technology. This does not allow the company to expand and hire more workers. Regulation over regulates by setting standards for every aspect of manufacture ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 35. Australian Government Regulation My research paper will be revolved around how the parliament is regulating the conduct of society particularly centred on business law and how laws affect transactions and interactions. I will also state how our society impacts and influences these laws set by our parliament. To introduce the topic I will present a brief background of the current parliamentary regulations which impact business interaction and transactions also providing information on how society influences and supports these legal rules. To make my arguments credible I will present relevant case findings on parliamentary regulations that are involved with business transactions and regulations. The biggest issue that I am currently facing is managing my time efficiently and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... As Australia is a free country and a democracy, we as citizens own the right for free speech and if a group of people are feeling mistreated they can raise their concerns. Such groups like hospitality and retail workers who depend on incentives from business such as penalty rates, have voiced their concerns over possible future legislations cutting back Sunday penalty rates to regular Saturday penalty rates (Gareth , H 2015). According to Anna Pha (2016) Nurses and retail workers alike rely on such things as penalty rates in order for them to just pay their rent. The recent standing on penalty rates by the government has sent a ripple of panic through the communities of those receiving and counting on penalty. Interviews on the "The Prime Minister's gearing up to fight the election on industrial relations but a crucial penalty rates decision could land in the middle of his campaign ABC NEWS SA" placed both the society in which are in favour of keeping penalty rates and those business owners who are lobbying for them to be abolished supporting the productivity commission's findings (Sydney Morning Herald 2015). Parliament along with the fair work commission, must take the two parties of Australian workers and business owners that are fighting on either side of the argument, into consideration. The morals of workers who are quoted as saying ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 36. A Discussion Of Campaign Finance Regulation In his discussion of campaign finance regulation, Christiano argues that with cases of gatekeeper mechanism and opinion formation mechanism, campaign expenditures should be regulated to prevent "drowning out" of the opinions of nonaffluents. He proposes that certain regulations will actually help protect and promote freedom of expression, and suggests to limit expenditures and distribute vouchers during campaign periods. Using a prima facie equation, I will argue against the claim that Christiano's restrictions interfere unduly with freedom of expression and defend his proposal as a valid resolution to the problem of "drowning out." Christiano identifies two mechanisms by which expenditures influence a political system and drowns out the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... The most obvious criticism of Christiano's proposal is that regardless of a regulation's intent or effect, regulation of campaign expenditures is an infringement on freedom of expression. Many consider one's allocation of one's own resources to be a mode of expression, and the Supreme Court has generally upheld this view in Buckley vs. Valeon and Citizens United vs. FEC. In this sense, limiting campaign expenditure is specifically limiting those who are able and willing to provide private expenditures from doing so. Such a limitation can been seen as a violation of freedom of expression, and Christiano's proposal to limit certain expressions in order to promote freedom of expression can seem absurd. Christiano, however, argues that this temporary limitation is not an "unduly" interference because the cost of campaign regulation on freedom of expression is surpassed by its benefits for freedom of expression. He admits that the affluents will be restricted from fully wielding their economic advantages, but he claims that this limitation will preserve and promote diversity of opinions during the campaign period and also ensure long–run development of discussions. Because campaign regulations will prevent diversity of ideas from being diluted by "drowning out," political discussion will ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 37. Impact Of Economic Regulations On Monopolies It is true that economic regulations have several impacts on monopolies. The economic and societal dangers of monopolies are clear. To combat the effects of these large corporations, the government has uses both regulatory legislation and court cases, to regulate monopolistic businesses. Though the U.S has followed varied strategies, the aim of restricting market hegemony has been relatively constant. Though examples of attempts at government regulation are widespread, three stand out from the rest: the 19th Century railroads, Microsoft, and IBM. It is true that antitrust laws that are aimed to curb monopolistic behaviors help to promote competition in the market. Antitrust laws endeavor to encourage competition and promote the production of ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 38. Government Intervention Vs. Self Regulation Business Ethics: Government Intervention vs. Self–Regulation Wealth brings power and power can at times bring corruption. In today's economy where individuals are no longer the concern when it comes to wealth, the global attention is drawn to corporations who hold the majority of our wealth. This calls for us to take cetain measures that can ensure the existence of a socially responsible behavior amongst all corporations, and these measures could be introduced in many forms, quite possibly the most favorable currently being government intervention. However, government intervention is not always the best method for ensuring social responsibility and ethical behavior amongst corporations. A much better alternative is a self–regulatory economy along with a combination of freedom and transparency in order to ensure responsible behavior in corporations, in addition to an increase in efficiency and flexibility in regards to resources and innovation. The first step is to realize exactly how out of control government regulations have become. In his article at Wall Street Journal, Regulations Run Amok–And How to Fight Back, Charles Murray notes "the number of federal crimes you could commit as of 2007 (the last year they were tallied) was about 4,450, a %50 increase since just 1980." Furthermore, Murray brings to light the fact that other than a handful few, these crimes are not acts that are bad or evil in nature, and instead are labeled crimes simply because the government ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 39. US Social Regulation Economic regulation is defined as a type of government regulation that determines conditions or standards on entry of firms into the industry. Economic regulation shall also include the regulation of financial firms. However, economic regulation is not the only governmental regulation established. The other type of regulation, called social regulation, includes environmental controls, restrictions on labeling and advertising as well as health and safety regulations. Social regulation involves the correction of externalities. However, there are many arguments about the exact economic rationale for such social regulation. One reason which sets economic regulation apart from social regulation is that the two have followed very different paths in recent history. There has been a tremendously increasing expansion of social... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... Smith believed that if markets were free and competitive, then private individuals would work together for the greater good of the market. In the early days of the US, government leaders refrained from regulating businesses. As we entered the 20th century, the consolidation of the US industry into progressively powerful corporations was cause for government intervention to protect smaller businesses and consumers. In 1890, Congress created and enacted the Sherman Antitrust Act, a law created to return competition and free enterprise by breaking up monopolies. In 1906, it passed laws to ensure that food and drugs were properly identifiable and that meat was inspected before being sold. In 1913, the government developed a relatively new federal banking system, the Federal Reserve, to monitor the nation's financial supply and to control banking activities (The Role of the Government, ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 40. Government Regulations Essay Government Regulations on Businesses Advantages and Disadvantages Samuel Pinckney Grantham University Abstract This paper will discuss the proposed views on the advantages and disadvantages of government regulations on businesses. Government Regulations on Businesses Advantages and Disadvantages There are advantages and disadvantages that may be associated with the regulations that government imposes on businesses. It is best to examine the reasoning behind regulations first prior to determining the potential advantages or disadvantages that are viewed with government regulations. Government ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... Environmental regulations reduce the negative repercussions of manufacturing on the environment (http://smallbusiness.chron.com /government–regulations–small–business–1319.html). Environmental cleanup regulations require companies that contribute to hazardous waste sites to either provide cleanup staff or pay for the cleanup (http://smallbusiness.chron.com/government–regulations–small–business–1319.html). Privacy regulations are social regulations to protect sensitive information normally provided by the consumer. Information collected can include social security number, address, name, health conditions, credit card and bank numbers (http://smallbusiness.chron.com/five–areas–government–regulation –business–701.html). Laws exist that will keep businesses from spreading information, and people can sue companies for disclosing sensitive information (http://smallbusiness.chron.com/five–areas–government–regulation–business–701.html). Employment and labor regulations could fall under economic or social regulation types. These laws pertain to minimum wages, benefits, safety and health compliance, working conditions, equal opportunity employment and much more that covers the largest area of business regulations (http://smallbusiness.chron.com /five–areas–government–regulation–business–701.html). These regulations help keep employer–employee relationship relatively fair and protect people from harassment, discrimination and unfair
  • 41. ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 42. Internet Regulation Should Not Be Regulated Essay Introduction In this paper, I will be arguing against the text by Lawrence Lessig by providing evidence and reasoning that proves that complete internet regulation would never be implemented on a global scale due to the privacy concerns that the United States would face while minimal internet regulation, like what Lessig suggests, would be unable to coexist with countries like China and Saudi Arabia who morally conflict with a global majority. Internet regulation will never be consistent in a global scheme and would require constant revision which makes it not provide enough utility to be considered when judging from Utilitarianism. Background Lessig argues that, during our progress to a truly online world, we are compelled to adjust our traditional values to ones that are more suited to the internet world. He says that the internet is already regulated by four different things: Architecture, Society, Market and Law. While it is true that these things already regulate to a certain degree, there are points in Cyberspace that fail to be regulated. Society and law are some of the biggest reasons that prevent complete regulation because of the natural contrasts of a computerized world to reality; the adjustment of societal standards and laws is not easy to do in most situations, causing contradictions and debates to be spawned by the one who try to create regulations about the internet. However, Lessig constantly argues that the internet will not be able to be sustainable ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 43. Questions On Online Regulation On The Code Of Cyberspace LSE ID– 201335899 Cyberpaternalism and Network Communitarianism sit in opposition to each other. Cyberpaternalists believe that online regulation is effected through changes in the code of cyberspace, while Network Communitarians believe that the community takes part in the regulatory dialogue through action and reaction. Can the two be reconciled? If not, which is to be preferred and why? ANSWER As we know world has undergone a digital transformation of an astonishingly wide range of material artifacts interwoven with social practices in 20th century. Lets' take an example of a bank where a person sits in a wooden cabin with little scraps of paper and an adding machine and replace it with an ATM accessible 24 hours a day or an example of classroom with the teacher, blackboard, books and verbal lecture and replace it with materials presented in computer hardware and software and call it "interactive learning". But the boons and banes of this "digital technology" require constant surveillance. Censorship is often a matter of perspectives. The legitimizing motivations behind controlling flows of information often lie in paternalistic desires to protect weaker individuals whether they are children or adults. The problem of perspectives is one of cultural relativism in the sense that "we" limit access to information in an effort to defend important cultural values and social stability. The purpose of this essay is to ascertain which school of thought regulating the digital ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...