2. Introduction to Chromatography
Definition
Chromatography is a separation technique based on the different
interactions of compounds with two phases, a mobile phase and a
stationary phase, as the compounds travel through a supporting
medium.
Components:
mobile phase: a solvent that flows through the supporting medium
stationary phase: a layer or coating on the supporting medium that
interacts with the analytes
supporting medium: a solid surface on which the stationary phase is
bound or coated
3.
4. History
Mikhail Tswett, Russian, 1872-1919
Botanist
In 1906 Tswett used to chromatography to separate
plant pigments
He called the new technique chromatography
because the result of the analysis was 'written in
color' along the length of the adsorbent column
Chroma means “color” and graphein means to “write”
24. Plate theory
The plate theory suggests that chromatographic
column contains a large number of separate layers,
called theoretical plates.
If length of column is L then HETP is
HETP= L/N
N can be calculated from
N= 5.55t²R
w²½
25. Rate theory
The rate theory based on the dynamics of the solute
particle which passes through spaces between the
stationary phase particles in the system.
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27.
28.
29. According to development procedure
1. Elution Development
I. Simple elution
II. Stepwise elution
III. Gradient elution
2. Displacement Development
3. Frontal analysis
