Long Term Evolution (LTE) is a 4G telecommunications standard that provides high-speed data for mobile phones and terminals. It uses orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) and other technologies to support broadband internet, multimedia services, and high speeds. 4G was developed to meet increasing demands for data and connectivity and provides services anytime, anywhere on an all-IP network with improved quality of service. However, challenges remain regarding interoperability between networks, deployment costs, and coverage in rural and difficult to reach areas.

1. 4G LTE Wireless
Technology
Er. Aakash Mishra
ECE
amk7396@gmail.com

2. What is LTE?
• Abbreviation for Long Term Evaluation.
• Standard for wireless communication of high-
speed data for mobile phones and data
terminals.
• It is based on the GSM/EDGE and UMTS
network technologies.

3. What is 4G?
 Abbreviation of fourth generation wireless technology
 It will provide a comprehensive IP solution where
voice , data and multimedia can be given to user on an
“anytime , anywhere” basis.
 It includes several types of broadband wireless
communication system access including cellular
telephone system.

4. Why 4G is Called LTE ??
• Long-Term Evolution Time-Division Duplex
(LTETDD), also referred to as Time-division
Long-Term Evolution (TD-LTE), is a 4G
telecommunications technology and standard
co-developed by an international coalition of
companies, including China Mobile Samung,
and ST-Ericsson

5. History of 4G technology

6. Why 4G is required?
 Due to substantial growth in overall number of
subscribers.
 Due to massive demand of new services like
data , audio , image or video .

7. Features of 4G TECHNOLOGY
 Support for multimedia services like teleconferencing and
wireless internet.
 Wider bandwidths and higher bitrates.
 Entirely packet-switched network.
 Global mobility and service portability.
 Support for previous wireless technologies.
 High internet speed.
 Tight network security.

8. Transmission system

9. Technology used in 4G
 OFDM
 UWB
 Smart antennas
 IPv6

10. OFDM(orthogonal frequency division multiplexing)
 IT transmits large amounts of digital data over a radio wave.
 OFDM works by splitting the radio signal into multiple smaller sub-
signals that are then transmitted simultaneously at different
frequencies to the receiver .
 By inserting a cyclic prefix between adjacent OFDM signal inter
signal interference is virtually eliminated if the max. channel delay
spread is less than the time interval of cyclic prefix.
 In OFDM the subcarrier pulse used for transmission is rectangular.
 Here modulation can performed by an IDFT ,which can be generated
very efficiently as an IFFT . so, receiver only needs a FFT to reverse
this process.

11. UWB(ultra wide band)
 .An advanced technology that can be used in 4G technology.
 It is typically detected as noise.
 It can use any part of the frequency spectrum, which means that it can use
frequencies that are currently in use by other radio frequency devices .
 It uses a frequency of 3.1 to 10.6 Hz.
 It uses less power , since it transmits pulse instead of continuous signal.
 Special antennas are needed to tune and aim the signal.

12. QOS(quality of service)
 In wireless networks, Quality of Service (QOS) refers to the measure
of the performance for a system reflecting its transmission quality and
service availability.
 4G is expected to have at least a reliability of 99.99%).
 In 4G QOS may be divided in following ways-
 Transaction-level QOS describes both the time it takes to complete a
transaction and the packet loss rate.
 Circuit-level QOS includes call blocking for new as well as existing
calls .
 User-level QoS depends on user mobility and application type .

13. Application
 In traffic control.
 Multimedia – video services
 Telemedicine.
 Crisis Management
 Virtual Navigation

14. Limitations
 Interoperability between the signaling techniques that are
planned for use in 4G.
 Cost is another factor that could hamper the progress of 4G
technology.The equipment required to implement the next-
generation network are still very expensive.
 A Key challenge facing deployment of 4G technologies is how
to make the network architectures compatible with each other.
This was one of the unmet goals of 3G.
 As regards the operating area, rural areas and many buildings
in metropolitan areas are not being served well by existing
wireless networks.

15. THANK YOU
ARE … WE….
EVOLVING???