4G Wireless Mobile Communication

1. b y
P R A G Y A R A T A N S A G A R
Wireless Mobile
Communication

2. 4GWireless Mobile Communication
4G, short for fourth generation, is the fourth
generation of mobile telecommunications
technology, succeeding 3G
“
”
4G is a mobile communications standard intended to replace
3G, allowing wireless Internet access at a much higher speed
INTRODUCTION
Pragya Ratan Sagar

3. 4GWireless Mobile Communication
INTRODUCTION
4G is an ITU specification that is currently being developed for broadband mobile
capabilities. 4G technologies would enable IP-based voice, data and streaming
multimedia at higher speeds and offer at least 100 Mbit/s with high mobility and
up to 1GBit/s with low mobility.
Pragya Ratan Sagar

4. 4GWireless Mobile Communication
HISTORY
Pragya Ratan Sagar

5. 4GWireless Mobile Communication
HISTORYEvolution of Mobile Technologies
Pragya Ratan Sagar

6. 4GWireless Mobile Communication
VISION
Accessing information anywhere, anytime, with a seamless connection to a wide
range of information and services, and receiving a large volume of information,
data, pictures, video, and so on, are the keys of the 4G infrastructures
Pragya Ratan Sagar

7. 4GWireless Mobile Communication
4GKey Technologies
Some of the key technologies required for 4G are
OFDM
(Orthogonal Frequency
Division Multiplexing)
SDR
(Software Defined Radio)
MIMO
(Multiple-Input Multiple-Output)
HANDOVER AND MOBILITY
Pragya Ratan Sagar

8. 4GWireless Mobile Communication
OFDM
Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) OFDM is a multicarrier
modulation technique, which employs several carriers, within the allocated
bandwidth, to convey the information from source to destination. Each carrier may
employ one of the several available digital modulation techniques
OFDM also provides a frequency diversity gain, improving the physical layer
performance . It is also compatible with other enhancement Technologies, such as
smart antennas and MIMO. In this case, each OFDM symbol can transmit
information to/from several users using a different set of sub carriers (sub
channels). This not only provides additional flexibility for resource allocation
(increasing the capacity), but also enables cross-layer optimization of radio link
usage.
4GKey technologies
FDM OFDM
Pragya Ratan Sagar

9. 4GWireless Mobile Communication
4GKey technologies
SDR
Software Defined Radio (SDR) benefits from today’s high processing power to
develop multi-band, multi-standard base stations and terminals. Although in future
the terminals will adapt the air interface to the available radio access technology, at
present this is done by the infrastructure.
Several infrastructure gains are expected from SDR. For example, to increase
network capacity at a specific time (e.g. during a sports event),an operator will
reconfigure its network adding several modems at a given Base Transceiver Station
(BTS). SDR makes this reconfiguration easy.
H/W
Filter
ADC
DAC
Sample Rate
Conversion
Processing
H/W S/W
Block Diagram : Software Defined Radio
out
in
Pragya Ratan Sagar

10. 4GWireless Mobile Communication4GWireless Mobile Communication
4GKey technologies
MIMO
Multiple-Input Multiple-Output(MIMO) uses signal multiplexing between multiple
transmitting antennas . It is well suited to OFDM, as it is possible to process
independent time symbols as soon as the OFDM waveform is correctly designed for
the channel. This aspect of OFDM greatly simplifies processing. The signal
transmitted by m antennas is received by n antennas. Processing of the received
signals may deliver several performance improvements: range, quality of received
signal and spectrum efficiency.
Pragya Ratan Sagar

11. 4GWireless Mobile Communication
4GKey technologies
HANDOVER AND MOBILITY
Handover technologies based on mobile IP technology have been considered for
data and voice. Mobile IP techniques are slow but can be accelerated with classical
methods (hierarchical, fast mobile IP).
These methods are applicable to data and probably also voice. In single-frequency
networks, it is necessary to reconsider the handover methods. Several techniques
can be used when the carrier to interference ratio is negative (e.g. VSFOFDM,bit
repetition), but the drawback of these techniques is capacity. In OFDM, the same
alternative exists as in CDMA, which is to use macro-diversity. In the case of
OFDM, MIMO allows macro-diversity processing with performance gains.
Pragya Ratan Sagar

12. 4GWireless Mobile Communication
SECURITY
Dynamic reconfigurable, adaptive, and lightweight security mechanisms should be
developed.
Security in wireless networks mainly involves authentication, confidentiality,
integrity, and authorization for the access of network connectivity and QoS
resources for the mobile nodes flow.
AAA (Authentication Authorization Auditing) protocols provide a framework for
such suffered especially for control plane functions and installing security policies in
the mobile node such as encryption, decryption and filtering.
Pragya Ratan Sagar

13. 4GWireless Mobile Communication
BENEFITS
Benefits for Operators:
- Higher bandwidths.
- Lower cost of networks and equipment.
- The use of license-exempt spectrum.
- Higher capacity and QoS enhancement.
- Higher revenue.
Benefits for Users:
- Access to broadband multimedia services with lower cost and where
mostly needed.
- Inter-network roaming.
Pragya Ratan Sagar

14. 4GWireless Mobile Communication
BENEFITS
CONVERGENCE BENEFITS
- Broadcasters will benefit from the use of cellular mobile systems to
adapt the content of their multi-media services more rapidly in
response to the feedback from customers.
- Cellular operators will benefit from offering their customers a range of
new broadband multimedia services in vehicular environments.
- Users will benefit from faster access to a range of broadband multi-
media services with reasonable QoS and lower cost.
WIRELESS SYSTEM DISCOVERY
- A multimode terminal attaches to the WLAN and scans the available
systems.
- It can download suitable software manually or automatically.
Pragya Ratan Sagar

15. 4GWireless Mobile Communication
BENEFITS
RE-CONFIGURABLE TECHNOLOGY
- In order to use the large variety of services and wireless networks,
multimode user terminals are essential as they can adapt to different
wireless networks by reconfiguring themselves.
- This eliminates the need to use multiple terminals (or multiple
hardware components in a terminal).
- The most promising way of implementing multimode user terminals is
to adopt the software radio approach.
Pragya Ratan Sagar

16. 4GWireless Mobile Communication
APPLICATIONS
VIRTUAL PRESENCE VIRTUAL NAVIGATION
TELE-GEOPROCESSING TELE-MEDICINE AND
APPLICATIONS EDUCATION
MULTIMEDIA
(e.g. VIDEO SERVICES)
Pragya Ratan Sagar

17. 4G, is launched in 2010 and the world is looking forward
for the most intelligent technology that would connect the
entire globe.

18. Thank You