Summary Of Red China Blues By Mao Zedong

Summary Of Red China Blues By Mao Zedong
On April 27, 1989, hundreds of Chinese protestors took a stand against the oppressive and corrupt government to fight for reform and democracy by
occupying Tiananmen Square in Beijing, China. The protests were preceded by a memorial for Hu Yaobang, a Communist leader unpopular amongst
Party members for his liberal ideas and lack of enthusiasm for Marxism and Maoism. Marxism is the political theories of Karl Marx which became the
basis of Communism and the inspiration for Mao Zedong to create Maoism. Approximately 100,000 students had traveled to Tiananmen Square forHu
Yaobang's memorial. Following the memorial, students presented a petition to meet with Premier Li Peng which the government refused. This led to a
boycott of universities but also led to more demand for democracy. Catalyzing the protests was the unfair treatment of the Chinese people at the hands
of the Chinese Communist Party. Along with students, civil servants, scholars and laborers joined the protests, risking their lives, jobs and reputations.
By June of 1989, negotiations were in place to end the protests, now amounting to over a million people and for democratic reform. Mao Zedong had
ordered troops ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
She also writes of her experience with Maoism, which she had worshipped as a student before realizing the harsh realities and witnessing the
Tiananmen Square Massacre. In one event, a fellow student had asked her to help flee the country but under the influence of Maoism, Wong turned
her in to the authorities. She writes she still does not know what happened to the distressed woman after she turned her in. Throughout her book, it is
evident that she regrets some of her actions that were misguided under the notion that it was for the better, although she says it was a major part of her
life so she doesn't know if she would change what happened or
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A Revolution of the Distressed Essay
A Revolution of the Distressed
The world today is faced with many obstacles concerning all the peoples of the world. The issues range from globalization to the state of the
environment with every political, economic, and human interest lying in between. It is these human interests that will be brought to light by examining
the revolutions of the Incan indigenous beginning in the early part of the twentieth century. Running parallel to their North American neighbors, the
native peoples of Peru have lived in seriously impecunious conditions as the result of ethno racial discrimination handed them by their colonial
occupiers; Spanish speakers. These revolutions, namely Shining Path, would eventually define the gap between the rich ... Show more content on
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Ever since the time of Spanish colonial rule, Incans were being treated completely unfairly. And in the late 18th century, Peru began to see the first
of its native revolutions under Jose Gabriel Tupac Amaru II in 1780. These uprisings were headed by Indian nobility who showed antipathy towards
the Spanish administration as a result of being forced to subject their own people to taxes, unfair market prices, and slave labor. The Incans
throughout the time of Spanish colonial rule had hopes for the renewal of their age old empire. However despite at least 100 revolts against
colonialism the empire was never revived. (Strong 41)
It was not until the 1920's that the Incan rebellion would make any significant progression excluding the pride they may have taken in brutal revenge
and retaliation murders and massacres against Spaniards. In this decade Peru witnesses the first shift from predominantly unorganized revolution to
serious political development. Although the movement known as Alianza Popular Revolucionaria Americana (APRA) was crushed under the Leguia
regime, the faction was the first political party to legally call for reform in regard to the condition of the highland populations or peasantry. Strong
points out that its leader, Victor Haya de la Torre, had a poem

The Shining Path Or El Sendero Luminos
Known as one of the most dangerous and violent terrorist organizations in the world, the Shining Path or El Sendero Luminoso in Spanish was
unique in various aspects. Although now considered a menace to Peruvian society, the Shining Path remains at the revolutionary forefront of its time.
Living in an age of terror, Peru was a corrupted and disorderly country; the road to liberation was a far way to go. For years, demagogic candidates
turned into dictatorial leaders filled with an insatiable hunger for dominant power rather than independence. Due to their trivial behaviors, they mainly
spent money for military forces and drugs; but failed to provide the simplest needs for their people. With a destabilized economy and paralyzed
government, living became an illusion. Each day passed and unfulfilled promises invoked angry Peruvians desperately... Show more content on
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Despite how unconventional this 'Shining Path' was, it envisioned a promising future for voices dying into being heard. Shining Path was a frightening
guerrilla force, profoundly isolationist and sect–like. Established in the impoverished regions of Peru, formed by a group of radical university students,
it produced to an army of about one hundred thirty thousand militants. Led by a former university professor, Abimael Guzman or alias "Presidente
Gonzalo," he was a fervent supporter of Communism. By methodically using primitive techniques to overthrow the old government, this was seen as
the true approach into rebuilding a new improved one. Politically leaning on the left wing spectrum, the Shining Path modeled through guided
principles of Maoism, Marxism–Leninism, and an ideology known as "Gonzalo Thought." This eventually became the theoretical foundations of
Communism. "A web of exhortations and formulas so dense that its adherents are reduced to desperate initializing whenever they attempt the simplest
report." (GP, Lima 1990, 74). As a terrorist group,

Effects Of The Civil War On Nepal
Effects of the Civil War on Nepal Nepal is considered one of the poorest countries in the world. It suffers in many aspects due to its immense state
of poverty and political violence. The civil war in Nepal, stimulated by the Communist Party against the Nepalese State, stretched over the course of
10 years lasting from 1996 to 2006. This war, also known as the "Peoples War", was launched because the Communist Party believed that there was an
insufficiency in ensuring freedom, justice and welfare by the Nepalese State (Panday 67). Numerous casualties became a result of this war. Insight on
Conflict states that, "The conflict claimed the lives of 17,000 people, displaced an estimated 100,000 more, and brought about the end of a 240–year
old monarchy." ("Nepal: Conflict Profile."). The civil war in Nepal has caused many issues within the country, including a decline in medical care,
increased risk for doctors, a decrease in tourism, poor living conditions for children, and many political struggles. The civil war in Nepal has had a
very negative impact on the quality of medical care for the civilians, and also tourists. It is said that during this time the Maoist's destroyed 40 health
posts from 2002 to 2004, and many others were considered unusable. The Maoist Party also cut off electricity to a hospital in eastern Nepal because
the army was using the hospitals electrical supply as a power source (Ghimere 1494). The Maoists creating a disruption in transportation for long

Maoist Theory and Agrarian Socialism Essay
The components of Maoist theory up until 1949 developed from Mao Zedong's sinification of Marxism and procured both positive and negative
impacts on the localised Chinese populations living under Communist rule and the relationship with the Comintern. A fundamental principle of
Maoism is peasant revolt and following the mass line which emphasises and embodies the perspective of the peasantry. The development of guerrilla
tactics and precise military organisation were significantly important for implementing Mao's policies. Mao instituted three specific reforms, namely
political, and social and economic, in the development of Maoism. Under these principles citizens were included in the state's affairs, given respect and
protection and... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The targets were the "local bullies and bad gentry and the lawless landlords" and additionally, those who resist it will "perish" . Mao also noted the
nature of such a revolution cannot be "so refined, so clam and gentle, or so mild, kind, courteous" as inviting people to dinner for example, indicating
his violent manner. A positive impact upon the women rose however, with the "opportunity...for them to lift up their heads" allowing them to
increasingly falter the "authority of the husband" each day. The 'mass line' is exemplified best during the Yanan period, where the phrase "from the
masses, to the masses" was coined. With proper mobilisation and training, the peasants could be transformed into an extremely capable force. These
developments in Maoism provided the peasants with purpose and prepositioned a very positive relationship with their Communist leaders, however led
to a split with their Moscow counterparts.
Essential to Maoism and in opposition to the Comintern, is guerrilla warfare tactics of which included a structured army organisation. This developed
due to consecutive unsuccessful conflicts. Mao Zedong characterised his guerrilla warfare tactics as "when the enemy advances we retreat to avoid him,
when the enemy stops we harass him, when the enemy is tired we attack him, and when the enemy

The Mao Family System
a.The Mao family system consisted of taking away the youths from their parents so that they could be re–educated without them. Mao wanted people
in the villages to feel like they were family. This would help bond people together and work harder. It was looking at the group collectively to try and
getter the whole instead of an individual. They also believed that everyone was equal and had the same class. They thought there was no class system.
a.Mao found the intellectuals to be useless and corrupt. Intellectuals used Western views which he did not agree with. Intellectuals with their
knowledge could also easily question his authority. To stop that if no one had higher education there would not be as many people to disagree with.
Western literature thought the Chinese that they could express themselves and that there were other ways to do it and not follow the rules set into
place by Mao. He was scared that the enlightened people would not follow him if they were exposed to the literature. a.They are individualist they
want to be able to get out of the re–education program. To do that Four–Eyes has to gather folk songs and print them. They are corrupt in a way they are
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Ma and Luo got sent to rural China to be re–educated during China's Maoist revolution. Ma's parents are both doctors that work in a hospital. Luo's
father is a dentist. Both families were denounced and were found to be enemies of the state. Luo's father was denounced because he talked about
fixing Mao's teeth. Ma and Luo feel trapped in the rural area and often hope that one day they will be allowed to leave and go back to the city and
their family. Although they wish to return home and they work hard the boys enjoy parts of the experience. They come to understand that even though
people may not be as intelligent as them that they can still appreciate the art and what they are doing. The boys feel like they will always be stuck in
the village unable to return and hopeless for the

Revolution In A Chinese Village
Fanshen: A Documentary of Revolution in a Chinese Village by William Hinton is based on Hinton's visit to the village of Long Bow, China, in
1948, which was one year before the Chinese Communist Party's (CCP) victory in the Chinese Civil War. In Fanshen, Hinton shares stories of
peasants who were subjected to abuse and exploitation by landlords, as well as how peasants started an uprising against landlords to establish a
Communist village in response to the CCP's rise in power and popularity. The value in its purpose is Hinton's narration of multiple peasants' stories
because the various narratives present different perspectives regarding their experience of oppression and their own reasons and motivations for a
revolution. For example, Hinton... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This essay introduces the idea of New Democracy in response to concerns about imperialism from both Japanese and Western influences as well as
outlining a potential solution to this problem with Marxism and Sun Yat Sen's Three People's Principles. A value in its purpose is that it forms the
basis of Mao's vision for China regarding politics, economics, and culture from Mao's writing himself. Another value in its purpose is that it
incorporates Mao's perspective on Marxism, and this is valuable because it shows inconsistencies from Marxism to distinguish it from Maoism. For
example, he mentions revolutions in the Soviet Union such as the October Revolution is not applicable to China: a semi–colonial and feudalist nation
that is a victim of Japan's invasion and Chinese Communist Party's feudalism (KMT) instead of an aggressor. A limitation in its origin is that it was
published during the Japanese invasion of China, and that is limiting because Mao did not consider any militarist resolution. The military is what
made peasants dependent on Mao as well as Mao dependent on the peasants to serve in the military force, and Mao neglects this significance in an
essay that is a framework of

Who Fouled Up the Election? Essay
I had read a story long time ago in which the main character, attacked by someone at night, wonders about who might have assaulted him even though
he had no enemy but concludes that everyone around him could have reason to hurt him. The UCPN (Maoist) finds itself in that character's
predicament after the recent election debacle.
But there is a major difference between the story character and Maoist leaders: The former quietly pondered while the latter have been making hue and
cry about domestic and foreign players playing foul in the election. So much so that the Maoists have announced that they would boycott CA II if their
complaint about the election fraud were not properly addressed.
The election turned out to be a big shock for the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The domestic players are known: The Nepali Congress and the CPN (UML). The usual external suspects are India and Western countries.
Of course, India prodded Nepal to go for the polls at the earliest and helped organize them with equipment and materials. But it apparently did not try to
influence the outcome as such. India did not help Madheshi parties, even though Rajendra Mahato, the Sadbhavana Party leader, has said their defeat
was India's defeat.
There is no indication, let alone proof, that Western countries tried to shape the election result. Why should they? They are sympathetic to the Maoist
proposal to carve Nepal into an ethnic federal state. And they do not have the kind of network India has in Nepal to influence Nepalese elections, even
if they wanted.
Let us stretch the net and include China as a potential suspect because it is wary about the ethnic division of states in a federal Nepal. But Beijing
would not want to defeat the ideologically closest kin that is also most sympathetic to its most vital interest in Nepal: Control anti–China activities of
Tibetan refugees.
Put it differently, the conspiracy by national and foreign elements does not wash.
That leaves voters disaffection as the only valid and overwhelming reason behind the Maoist electoral meltdown. As the largest party in the CA I, the
Maoists could not deliver good government and a new constitution. Government was corrupt and ineffective and the constitution

Balzac And The Little Chinese Seamstress Analysis
Love. Adventure. Lust. Individuality. Liberty. Influence. Freedom. These are the things that give people the will and desire to live, and most of us
cannot imagine a world or life without them. But what if these aspirations were taken away overnight? In Balzac and the Little Chinese Seamstress,
Dai Sijie (ж€
ґжЂќжќ°) illustrates these turn of events with a significant focus on three characters: Luo, the narrator, and the Little Chinese Seamstress.
The story takes place during the Cultural Revolution in Maoist China when young intellectuals from the city were forced to be re–educated in the
peasant environments. The narrator and Luo are among these people. They are relocated to the mountainous countryside and re–educated by the
peasants there. Even though they are stripped away from all outside influences, they experience bits of freedom by reading forbidden foreign books in a
suitcase. In addition, they share their findings among those in the countryside, especially with the Little Chinese Seamstress, an ordinary peasant girl
as a result of her romance with Luo. Thus, their eyes are opened to new ideas, and their lives are changed with new understandings and perceptions. In
his novel, Dai demonstrates the importance of intellectual liberty through the influence of outside cultures and the development of the characters.
The novel, Balzac and the Chinese Seamstress, illuminates that the impact of different cultures allows people to view and be shaped by diverse
perspectives. When first exposed to a "banned" book of western culture, a book without the influence of propaganda or Maoist ideas, the unnamed
narrator experiences a perspective change, and his eyes open to the possibilities of the world and his own life. His whole world is turned upside down,
stating, "Picture, if you will, a boy of nineteen, still slumbering in the limbo of adolescence, having heard nothing but revolutionary blather about
patriotism, Communism, ideology, and propaganda all his life, falling headlong into a story of awakening desire, passion, impulsive action, love, of all
the subjects that had, until then, been hidden from me" (57). His eyes were hidden due to the ideals of Communism and Maoism, and they are opened
by stories of adventure

Negative Essay On Capitalism
he reason this is important to know is because the system of Communism when heavily analyzed is also at the same time heavily flawed when put
to practical use. To an extent, to have there be no class construct is impossible to pull of when coming from a Capitalistic system. As a systematic
way of life it educates and unearths flaws of a society, such as worker exploitation, money laundering and bribery. But past that it's impossible to
implement in any large society that is part of the global market such as China. Capitalism heavily favors the self, making individuals self motivated
to do remedial tasks in order to have some form of possession. If you remove both the individual and the material aspect from the citizens in the
society then they have little to no motivation to do anything without a reward or sign of improvement. Sooner or later this due to the inherent flaw of
humans in a society will cause the same systems that were exposed to happen all over again. The second main issue of Communism is that when
looked at closely, there is no end, if analyzed closely there is always some sort of 'Master–Student' dichotomy in all societies. Students learn from
teachers, children learn from parents, works listen to a supervisor for coordination, citizens listen to military and the people listen to the active party.
No matter how many times you can reform a state these things will always exist to properly function as a country. Specifically to China, this is no
different, and

Robert K. Greenleaf: Servant Leadership Analysis
Servant leadership is not just a Christian philosophy. As defined by Robert K. Greenleaf, a servant leader is "a servant first....It begins with the natural
feeling that one wants to serve, to serve first" (What is Servant Leadership, n.d.). Servant leadership is global, not relegated to the United States. China
is home to over 1 billion people that represent 56 ethnic minority groups including Han Chinese, Tibetans, Mongols and the Manchus (Sanders, 2014).
These different ethnic groups represent different cultures and religions. One of the many religions represented is the Confucian religion. Both the
Chinese culture and the Confucian religion are slowly showing an increased acceptance of an abridged version of the servant leadership model. ... Show
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In the servant leadership model, the emphasis is on serving others first. With Confucianism, the emphasis is placed on self–reflection and
self–improvement in the pursuit of self–perfection (Ma, 2014, p. 16). Learning is critical in Confucianism. Confucius restated the Golden Rule as
"wishing to establish his own character, also establishes the character of others, and wishing to be prominent himself, also helps others to be
prominent" (Hirschy, 2014, p. 101). Even though Confucianism is positive, the message does appear to be a self–fulfilling emphasis; would the same
measures be as important if it had no value to the leader himself? Confucius identifies that people have different roles and levels within organizations
and society as a whole. According to Confucius, in order to maintain harmony and growth, people need to develop and maintain relationships with
people who have higher expectations of them. The western view of servant leadership is more of a top–down approach, whereas, Confucianism is
more about the bottom–up approach. It is more about personal growth and how to achieve the maximum level a person wants to attain. Confucianism
encourages using respect at all levels. When managing; leading and encouraging employees to grow, will result in employees who have respect for
their employer. Even though Confucianism has some of the same values as servant leadership, it is important to understand that there is a definite
hierarchical line within the doctrines of

The Chaos and Division of Asia's History Essay
The assigned readings about Asian history lead a unified conclusion that the past (history) of Asia was characterized with chaos and internal divisions.
"China, once again entered an era of divisiveness and chaos. Competing warlords dominated China for the next 350 years" (The Golden Age of China:
79). China is a perfect symbol of Asia's history because if studied from the past, the history of China demonstrates how divisions took place in the
country's political and economic spheres. China's history reveals how the religion led to emergence of chaos in the country. This shows that religion, in
the history of Asia, was more divisive than uniting when individual countries considered their religions as different. Religious harmonization of ... Show
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Initially, Chinese had coexisted well under one rule. However, three powerful dynasties emerged after theHan dynasty, forming three kingdoms of Wei,
Shu, and Wu. An element of democracy started getting into China's politics, though at the time of the three dynasties, the kings had amassed power
through their naval strength. The fact that power was divided from one kingdom to three, however, shows decentralization of influence, which is an
element of democracy. The formation of the three dynasties in China did not offer any practical solution to the chaotic situation in the country. This
disapproves the imagination that democracy was growing in the country. If it was indeed democracy, then its growth had not ended. This is because
after the formation of the three dynasties, political division in China widened even further. No powerful dynasty in the continent's history appeared to
be answering the question of China's unity. It appeared like political plurality had entered in China to stay. For example, the failure of the Jin Dynasty
to solve the puzzle of China's political unity shows how divisive China was becoming. Polarization of leadership was more serious in Northern China.
This judgment arises from the fact that the Jin dynasty did not solve the puzzle of multiple kingdoms in the north of China. Sixteen kingdoms emerged
in the north as the Jin dynasty attempted to unite China.
The spread of Buddhism to China, and its

Mao's Dynastic Rule In China
Dynastic rule, which lasted thousands of years, came to an end in October, 1911, when followers of revolutionary Sun Yat
–sen rose up in central China.
For the next 40 years, power vacillated between parties until the Chinese Communist Party defeated the Nationalist Party in 1949. Mao became the
ruler of the newly established People's Republic of China, keeping some aspects of dynastic rule but reinventing others. Mao drew on the tradition of a
legalist system led by one admired ruler. Mao reinvented governing in China by having a close relationship with the people and actively changing
China's culture and economic and political structure.
Mao maintained the dynastic practice of one admired ruler. The emperor, despite having little power, was... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Instead of Confucianism, which values harmony, respect for elders, reciprocity, and relationships, he proposedMao Zedong Thought, or Maoism. This
ideology is based on Mao's personal moral principles. According to Maoism, contradiction, not harmony, is the driving force of nature. Because of
that, he claimed Chinese society needed constant revolution, or "disorder under heaven" (Schell 217) to destroy "old" society and reconstruct it even
greater than before. Additionally, Maoism taught that physical strength allows the country to be strong because "only when the body is strong" can
one "advance speedily in knowledge and morality and reap far reaching advantages." (Schell 205) Mao also laid out a plan to "rectify" those he
deemed had "unorthodox" or "incorrect" thoughts, especially those without experience as a proletariat, through "criticism and self–criticism." (Schell
222) If this failed, public criticism, shaming, persecution, prison, or torture were options. A massive "rectification" campaign formed in 1966. Called
the Cultural Revolution, it was led by the Red Guard, who were youths under Mao's revolutionary vanguard. They fought teachers, figureheads, and any
other "representatives of the bourgeoisie who have [snuck] into into the party, the government, the army, and a bunch of spheres of culture." (Schell
245) Their goal was to purge society and

Marxism and Communism Christian Communism
Introduction
Communism is a social structure in which classes are abolished and property is commonly controlled, as well as a political philosophy and social
movement that advocates and aims to create such a society.Karl Marx, the father of communist thought, posited that communism would be the final
stage in society, which would be achieved through a proletarian revolution and only possible after a socialist stage develops the productive forces,
leading to a superabundance of goods and services.
"Pure communism" in the Marxian sense refers to a classless, stateless and oppression–free society where decisions on what to produce and what
policies to pursue are made democratically, allowing every member of society to participate in the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Other writers described by Marx as "utopian socialists" included Saint–Simon.
In its modern form, communism grew out of the socialist movement of 19th century Europe.[citation needed] As the Industrial Revolution advanced,
socialist critics blamed capitalism for the misery of the proletariat – a new class of urban factory workers who labored under often–hazardous
conditions. Foremost among these critics were the German philosopher Karl Marx and his associate Friedrich Engels. In 1848, Marx and Engels
offered a new definition of communism and popularized the term in their famous pamphlet The Communist Manifesto.Engels, who lived in
Manchester, observed the organization of the Chartist movement (see History of British socialism), while Marx departed from his university comrades
to meet the proletariat in France and Germany.
Growth of modern communism
In the late 19th century, Russian Marxism developed a distinct character. The first major figure of Russian Marxism was Georgi Plekhanov.
Underlying the work of Plekhanov was the assumption that Russia, less urbanized and industrialized than Western Europe, had many years to go
before society would be ready for

Mao ZedongвЂ™s Rise to Power in the Chinese Communist Party
Mao Zedong's rise to political power as chairmen of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP), was made possible by the failings of the GouMinDan
(GMD). After the fall of the Qing dynasty, in 1911, China fell into disarray where warlords had power, rather than a national government. Sun Yat
–sen
began a nationalist group whose militaristic tacts allowed them to unite china under a singular party, the GMD. Despite many revolutionary promises
very little positive changes were made by Chiang Kai–shek, who became leader of the GMD in 1925.However because of the party's lack of political
knowledge and poor socio–economic abilities the GMD's rule was a failure. Mao used this to project his own ideology on China in the form of
Maoism. Mao's ability to take advantage of China's bad situation allowed him to receive the support he required in order to rise to power.
Economically Chiang made many poor decisions, leaving millions of people to live in poverty. Fei xiao–tong, a social surveyor of rural China,
recorded the conditions in which people lived. According to him families of five were living in rooms of only ten foot square and, during the famine
of 1934, 30 million people died. This was mainly due to the government's low agricultural spending. Approximately 1% of total expenditure went to
agriculture, despite accounting for 94% of the population, while 80% of the budget went to military spending. While Chiang's son believes that the
government came in at a bad economic time and that

Emergence Of Communism Essay
Communism, a political philosophy developed by Karl Marx, gained much of its popularity around the globe in the 20th century. Communism vastly
contributed to many of the major events that occurred throughout Asia and eastern Europe during this time. Many factors contributed to the emergence
of communism as well as its rapid spread and success throughout the world and as a result, several countries still remain under communist rule.
Communism was a crucial part of global history in the twentieth century and there are many factors regarding its emergence in eastern Europe and
Asia, its success throughout the world, and its collapse in the Soviet Union. Communism emerged in Russia as a result of discontentment with the
leadership of Tsar Nicholas ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
One of these reasons was, ironically, the equality of the workers. In the Soviet Union, all workers were paid the same wages; regardless of the
quality work they did or the number of hours they worked. Substandard production resulted because this system of equality diminished any incentives
for laborers to perform quality work. Being able to receive an equal wage, irrespective of the type of work performed resulted in a lack of motivation
or work ethic to enhance productivity. The problem was compounded as a result of unrealistic quotas which forced workers and managers to focus on
quantity rather than quality. The continued lack of production for quality goods was not the only factor that led to the collapse of communism.
Another factor leading to the collapse of the Soviet Union was the hypocrisy of the Party members. During the 60s and 70s, the Party's elite
experienced increased wealth and power; they owned many luxury goods and lived glamourous lifestyles will millions of Soviet citizens were
starving. As a result, citizens began to feel hatred towards the regime and were unwilling to protect it when their protection was needed most. When
Mikhail Gorbachev came to power, he began to steer the Soviet Union towards a hybrid capitalist–communist structure, and on December 25, 1991, he
announced the dissolution of the Soviet

Mao Zedong And Its Effects On China 's Twentieth Century
Aliz A. Smith
HIS 10000 – World History
Professor: Tracy Rehbein Capps
March 13, 2016.
Mao Zedong 's Communist China
Mao Zedong had major positive and negative effects on China's twentieth century development.Let me begin with the positives. He modernized,
liberated and united the ancient, isolated, non–civilized China that fought an almost two decade long civil war and turned it into a major industrial
power. He extended social services; healthcare and education. He supported and gave women equal rights, introduced marriage laws, stopped child
and forced marriages, and women got right for divorce, also legalized abortion. He is nearly eliminated economic inequality, redistributed the land so
every peasant had a small portion. Maoism inspired other nations for anti–colonial movements, especially in Western societies. This is the Chinese form
of Marxist–Leninsm. The base of its ideology that agricultural laborers are the strong base of a successful revolution. He fought and against the
Japanese invaders during WWII.
But his ruling had some not so appealing programs like: "The Great Leap Forward" failed and turned into a disaster. He shifted private farms to
common places. Instead of growing the agriculture the fertility of farmlands declined, because the expectations were too high, the changes were too
fast and dramatic, also the farmers couldn 't adjust quickly to the new system which was not efficient. Sadly, 30 million Chinese people starved to
death and died from

The Political Beliefs Of Mao Zedong And The Cultural...
Mao Zedong was the ideological helmsmen who delivered a oppressed country from the administratively inept Qing dynasty and incessant waves of
international invasion by enemies near and far. Although, emerging from a momentous socio–political transformation, China was yet again, pummeled
by political maneuvers of the combative dichotomy consisting of Mao Zedong the CCP Party with continual campaigns. Nonetheless, Maoism, in
regards to the Cultural Revolution, propelled the dogma that only "raising the political consciousness of the masses, revitalizing the socialist spirit and
the ideals of the revolution, and refashioning a state structure guided by "proletarian ideology" could the danger of a regression to capitalism be
forestalled," for Mao...; It was these tenets which governed the hearts and minds of the Chinese people (Meisner, pg. 315). However, the ramifications
of this monotheistic ideology, I contend, the heart of the issue, was this induced a permanent and perpetual competition within the populace in proving
who was the "truest" in the cause of revolution. Therefore, "trueness" materialized from the tension of not only an individual's "bloodline," but also the
proving one's "redness," which I define as an unwavering political loyalty to the ideological figure of Mao and Maoist thought (ibid, pg. 315). Thus,
The revolutionary fervor of Cultural Revolution was undoubtedly, spearheaded by the organization of the self–proclaimed Red Guards. Duly, this
resurgence

Sadeghi-Broujerdi Imperialism
Sadeghi–Boroujerdi addresses communist internationalism within the Iranian anti–colonial movement. Tracing their discursive and practical
resistances, he studies the emergence of the OCU out of the ONFME. Both organizations' leadership, composed largely of students who spent time
studying in Europe, came to embrace the political project of revolutionary communism, concluding that the imperialism they opposed was intertwined
with exploitation and other forms of oppression. That they acquired this ideological background in the global metropoles of the United States and
Europe, however, raises questions about the modular qualities of these politics that go largely unaddressed in the article. Through the deployment of
this politic, however, the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Formed in response to the 1967 Arab–Israeli war, the PLO from its outset was intentionally international in its practices. Many soldiers trained in
Algeria. China, also. was an early ally, who provided over $5 million in weaponry to the Fedayeen. When news of the My Lai massacre broke out, the
Fatah sought to associate the Palestinian struggle with the Vietnamese resistance to both inspired their cadre and access third world internationalist
networks, including those in the US. In fact, SNCC and Noam Chomsky, popular figures of the anti–war movement, both came to adopt anti–Zionist
politics at this time. The PLO also embraced comparisons of Arafat to Che and voiced strong support of and identification with Black Power. Through
the various adoptions of radical internationalist rhetoric, the PLO potentially resolves the dilemma I pose upon my reading of Sadeghi–Boroujerdi:
Marxism, while Western in origin, is a dynamic theory that, while sometimes modular in application, is not necessarily so. To argue this would be to
remove the agency of groups like the PLO that explicitly align themselves with people's struggles in Vietnam, Cuba, and the United

Impact Of The Great Leap Forward Movement
The Great Leap Forward Movement of the People's Republic of China was an economic and social programme carried out by the Communist Party of
China from 1958 to 1961. The movement was led by Mao Zedong, and aimed to rapidly transform the country from an agrarian economy into a
communist society by means of accelerated industrialization and collectivization. Before the occurrence of the movement, China had been suffering
from foreign invasions, civil wars, unequal treaties and political disorder, which left the Chinese Communist Party with a "backward" economy; one
that was unable to sustain itself. In addition to this, the widely applied political and military ideology of Maoism, established by Mao Zedong and the
Communist Party of China, claimed that instead of the peasants being a revolutionary class, hand in hand with their industrial working "comrades",
they were the revolutionary class. This belief system contributed to the lack of poor planning by the Chinese government as many of their decisions
were based on this belief of empowering the peasants ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In order to achieve this, backyard blast furnaces were established that urged the peasants to melt down scrap metal to make useful items such as tools
and utensils. However, due to the pressures placed on the peasants by the government to rapidly increase steel production, peasants began melting
down useful items in order to produce unusable masses of metal. The destruction of useful objects in order to increase the production of backyard
furnaces resulted in the production of substandard metals that were too brittle to be used. These substandard metals contributed to the failure of the
Great Leap Forward, which can be seen as a central planning

Mao Zedong Accomplishments
Mao Zedong has been credited as one of the most important figures during the Cold War, because he led many influential events and overall led
China through the Cold War. He had many dreams and wishes for China, involving communism and changes for the better of the nation. He knew how
to please his country and pinpoint different areas where China needed improvement, and carry out plans that would improve China as a whole. Mao
Zedong was one of China's most courageous and powerful leaders, and this was shown through his background of leadership in the Chinese Civil War
and the Long March, and how he maintained his visions and aspirations for China.
Mao Zedong's interest in communism started in 1918, when he began his teaching career. Whilst teaching, Zedong read Marxism, a book written by
Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels that talks about a conflict theory ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This boost in confidence influenced Mao Zedong to continue his leadership and interest in communism and politics. He soon founded the People's
Republic of China, and announced the creation of a "people's democratic dictatorship". He thought that socialism would eventually triumph over all
other ideologies, and his plans and vivid ideas for China reflect how creative but realistic he is as a leader, and this benefited China throughout the
Cold War. Some examples of ambitious plans that carried through include the Great Leap Forward and the Cultural Revolution, where Zedong
encouraged change in order to further improve and benefit the country as a whole. Although the Great Leap Forward resulted in a famine and the death
of 40 million people, Mao made a comeback with the Cultural Revolution. He wanted to transform China in order to be able to compete with other
industrialized nations, and this shows Zedong's competitive yet committed nature as a

Deng Xiaoping And Mao Zedong's Cultural Revolution In The...
Life in China during the 1980s began to progress because of the Economic Reform in Communist China. Leaders of the communist party, Deng
Xiaoping and Mao Zedong did not agree with each other on one major part of Chinese history, which was the Cultural Revolution. Deng disagreed
with Mao on Mao's views about the ideas of a cultural revolution in China, because he believed that it would become a negative effect on the people.
Deng Xiaoping was openly critical of Mao Zedong's ideas but Deng was also one of the leaders of the communist party, so nonetheless, he was
arrested and removed from office until the end of the Cultural Revolution. A few years later, in 1976, Mao Zedong had passed away, leaving the
country in despair. Deng Xiaoping rose to power and began working non–stop on economic reforms in communist China in the many years to come.
Deng Xiaoping was a much more effective leader than Mao Zedong. China began growing economically and Deng provided better lives for people
and created hope for his country, but his journey was not short and nor was it simple.
Mao Zedong believed that a socialist society would be ideal, but the cultural revolution, a move towards socialism, proved to be damaging to the
country. The cultural revolution began in 1966 led by the communist party. Mao Zedong aimed for a new society in Communist China, which would
later become what is now known as Maoism. He believed in self dependence and many people supported him, but there were others who did

The Great Leap Forward: An Althusserian Analysis Of...
The Great Leap Forward: An Althusserian Analysis of Leftism as Ideology 1 Introduction "Mao Zedong, Chairman of the Chinese Communist party,
threw his country into a frenzy with the Great Leap Forward, and attempted to catch up with and overtake Britain in less than fifteen years"
(DikoМ€tter xi). During this period, in order to achieve the goal quickly and without resistance, a series of campaigns and mobilizations were
launched. Accelerated Collectivization began in early 1958 with the emergence of People's communes, which were intended to increase production
efficiency to the largest extent possible. Peasants in countrysides and workers in cities were deprived of private property, housing, and liberty. Then
came the purge of hundreds of thousands of party members who were critical of economic policies. The mark of the Great Leap... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
Hundreds of millions of ordinary villagers were recruited to work on the remote project with no salary or inadequate food and rest. Also, steel
production was fanatically encouraged to prove the power of Chinese industry. In the spring of 1959, procurement of grain increased sharply to be
exported in exchange for machines and international renown, and domestic famine continued to worsen. From 1958 to 1962, about forty–five million
people died from non–natural causes, with agriculture, industry, trade, nature, housing, and moral standards suffering from this great destruction. The
debate over its causes has never ceased. While Mao himself attributed this calamity to natural disasters, chairman Liu, China's potential Khrushchev
according

Red China Blues By Jan Wong Summary
Awakening to Reality in Red China Blues When Jan Wong first arrived in China, she was filled with the complete belief that China's totalitarianism
way of government was the best way of governing, and that no other way would do. While natives smiled behind false expressions, she failed to
realize the true extent of the miserable lives under the Maoist regime until she herself experienced the injustices faced by the Chinese citizens. In Red
China Blues, author Jan Wong writes of her experiences during her life in China and after, and how her whole journey led to the realization of the harsh
reality that Maoism really was. As Wong learned more and more about the truth behind the totalitariangovernment, her own experiences helped her to
transform ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Even with her previous experiences at Beijing University and at Big Joy Farm, Wong still held some belief that the Chinese system wasn't as bad
as it was sometimes made out to be. This event proved to her that it was. "The enormity of the massacre hit home...Although it had been years since
I was a Maoist, I still had harbored some small hope for China. Now even that was gone" (259). As a reporter Wong was able to view the
progression of the protests in leading up to the massacre, and in viewing it understood that the Chinese people were much more independent than
they had previously demonstrated over the past 50 years. She had continuously seen the Chinese people following what they were told between
learning in school or with physical labor, yet this protest was one of the first large scale displays of the unacceptance of the regime by the people,
and the government did not know what to do with it. But because of this, Wong was able to recognize that the people were not reliant on this way of
life that they had previously been bound to, but truly could lead for themselves and take control. The massacre awakened Wong both to the reality that
the government was not acting to benefit the people, and that the people were more than capable of acting for

Frank DikГ¶tter's The Cultural Revolution
Between 1962 to 1976, China underwent one of the most devastating government lead social reforms, the Cultural Revolution. The Cultural
Revolution was a sociopolitical movement lead by Mao Zedong where his influence made many young Chinese students, who would be known as
Red Guards, pledge to a social political war against capitalism. Frank DikГ¶tter is the author of his award–winning book called The Cultural Revolution
: A People's History, 1962–1976, where he presents The Cultural Revolution in a new light by constructing it from the perspective of the individuals
who experienced it. In DikГ¶tter's analysis of the Revolution, he divides it into four different timeframes: the Early Years (1962–66), the Red Years
(1966–68), the Black Years (1968–71), ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In the novel We by Yevgeny Zamyatin, there is a dystopian society called the One State meant to be a fictional representation of Soviet Russia, i.e.
the U.S.S.R. One of the One State's goals in the novel was to surgically remove the part of the brain responsible for imagination so that all humans in
the One State would become a uniform collective capable of efficient machine like labor. This was called the Great Operation and the people of the
One State were given a published message on the front page of the One State Gazette which said, "You are perfect. You are machinelike. The road to
one hundred per cent happiness is free. Hurry, then, everyone–old and young–hurry to submit to the Great Operation (Zamyatin 180)." In the One
State, the government and its people believed that they must rid themselves of identity and become a single all–encompassing machine, and this desire
become more stronger as rumors of a revolution was stirring up. Although Zamyatin's story is very fictional, it is eerily similar to China's Cultural
Revolution and Red Guards. After China had gotten rid of all older ideas, the country was transforming into a uniform communist resistance against
capitalism, and they also tried to flush out counter revolutions to also protect the country from alternate thought. To be put simply,

Compare And Contrast Fascism And Communism
Fascism is completely different from communism; after all, they are on opposite sides of the political spectrum. But, just because they are on opposite
side, it does not mean that their ultimate goal cannot be the same. Because of this, the countries of Italy and China were completely different compared
to what they are now. Fascism and Communism have a lot of differences, but they have more things in common than one might think.
In order for Italy to become a totally fascist, the government had to accomplish being mobilized by their politics, economy, and demographics. Their
goal was to have a new European order. Fascist Italy was a dictatorship and was controlled by Benito Mussolini in 1922 and lasted until 1943. His laws
were enforced ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
While his intentions of making China a better place were good, his actions ended in a disaster. But, "many of his goals, including stressing China's
self–reliance, were generally laudable." Mao's tactic to achieving what he wanted was to follow "the example of the soviet model of development
through heavy industry with surpluses extracted from peasants." It is from here that the idea of Maoism is created and how Mao wanted to rule his
country. Maoism was the starting point of something big. After all, it is now called Maoism. It was the mark of a revolution because Mao Tse–tung
wanted the way he ruled to be different compared to the way that every other country did. Mao believed in equality economics and to advocate those
who did not have a socioeconomic class. Maoism is a part of the totalitarian government, where the government controls all aspects of what the public
can or cannot view. So, the intentions that he had were good, it was just the way that the government carried things out ended the wrong way.
Communism also seeks to eliminate religion and any ownership of land or property, which helped with the way that the leader controlled society.
Even though fascism and communism are totally different, they have the same goal and that is to have complete control over their citizens. The only
difference is how they achieve this. On one side (communism), they completely destroy what they had before and start fresh.

The Rise Of The Great Chinese Famine
In Oct 01, 1949, Mao Zedong published to the world about the creation of the People's Republic of China (" Mao Zedong proclaim People's Republic of
China., ...) Mao was the great contributor to united China, brought China out of the oppression of foreign country. From the Opium Wars in between
the nineteenth century, Mao Zedong never stopped follow his goal by opened many campaign, and movement that help to develop the modernization of
China. Mao was judge about his wrong policies conducted to make the Great Chinese Famine happened between 1959 to 1961 by the campaign of the
Anti Right Campaign, the Great Leap Forward happened in 1958 to 1959. Those events were contributed to make the Great Chinese Famine happened,
and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The adoration of Chinese because the strength of awareness generation spreaded outside of China, and make this country lost many chances to develop
the economy. Firstly, China and Mao's Party got support well by the Russian as known as Soviet Union but this relationship started to rift and it ended
before the Culture Revolution starts (citation ).
After the failures of the Great Leap Forward, it made thirty million people starved, and it was the Great Famine in the humanity, it caused Mao
became the puppet instead of holding "real power". Before the sense of losing political position, Mao reacted to start the Culture Revolution in 1966.
By this way, Mao did not using the "high–class" system of the Communism, he directly control the youth boy under 20 years, created the Red Guards
to institute the separate court. The Cultural Revolution's consequences was the Red Guards destroyed most of the Chinese Cultural Heritage. The Red
Guards during Mao's presidency was maltreat, and imprison many of the ex– communists and intellectuals. At the same time, it created many economic
and social chaos at most countryside. A million people was killed during this period.
Many Mao's supporters assumed that because of Mao, China ended the Century of Humiliation out of the West countries and became the strongest
country, economic and social in China get developed and developing. They composed that the percentages of illiteracy was eighty

Revolutionary Terror And Red Terror
nist terrorism, revolutionary terror and red terror. This is considered the most common form of terrorism and terrorists executing it aim to completely
abolish the political system and replace it with different kinds of new structures. As we see in the textbook (Law, 76), being under the influence of the
Enlightenment and dramatic political events, large numbers of Europeans began believing that they could remake the world on a more rational basis.
This may involve the destruction of a large population having certain principles but that was not a huge concern for the Europeans. Innumerable
modern instances showcase revolutionary terrorism to us. On the other hand, Reactionary Terrorism also known as Counter–Revolutionary Terrorism
and white

Marxism And Its Effects On The World 's Republic Of China
During the nineteenth century, in the midst of increased industrialization, worker exploitation, and growing gaps in wealth, Karl Marx formulated a
political theory which would go on to remodel global politics in an unprecedented manner. Marxism, as it would later be known, or more generally,
Communism, was destined to guide countless nations' paths to "liberation." Two countries in particular, the USSR and the People's Republic of China,
can trace their rapid escapes from "backwardness" into industrial powerhouses, and international superpower and rising superpower, respectively, to
their adoption, as well as their exclusive interpretations, of Marxism. However, such flexible and broad adaptations of Marxism to these nations' ...
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The aforementioned information is detailed within The Marxian Revolution Chapters 1 and 3. So where did Lenin and Mao diverge from and align
with the ideas of Marx? From the start, Lenin was working with a Russia that did not yet meet the criteria of a conscious proletariat, indicating
readiness for revolution. As such, he amended Marxism to better suit the circumstances of the Russian population. The first manner in which Lenin
contrasts with Marx is through his utilization of a peasant uprising, rather than a worker uprising. At that point in Russia's history, Russia was still in
a feudal phase, where industry has not yet taken off, and the vast majority of the population was peasants, whom were controlled by landlords as well
as the Tsarist Government. Lenin justified the propriety of revolution by asserting that Russia was in a state of capitalism. Lenin further diverged from
Marx in the fact that Marx believed that the revolution should be lead by the self aware proletariat, rather than merely consisting of proletarian
participants. However, lacking both a proletariat majority, as well as a conscious class, Lenin determined that the revolution must be lead by an elite
base. As mentioned in Comrades!, Marx greatly feared a preemptive revolution, and it is plausible that such a faulty foundation of Communism in
Russia is what eventually lead to the USSR's downfall. Nonetheless, Lenin proceeded with his Bolshevik Revolution and disbanded with

Mayor Publice Response Essay
Here's a letter that dares not let Mayor Jack L Publice off the hook. It's all here: the compromises, the backstabbing, the attempts to hold annual private
conferences in which flagitious pissants are invited to present their "research". My hope is that the following text will delight the critical and offer food
for thought to those contemplating his cankered calumnies. He sees no reason why he shouldn't galvanize the beggarly herd into enthusiastically
supporting his misinformed squibs. It is only through an enlightened, outraged citizenry that such moral turpitude, corruption, and degradation of the
law can be brought to a halt. So, let me enlighten and outrage you by stating that Mayor Publice uses the word "hyperconscientiousness" without ever
having taken the time to look it up in the dictionary. People who are too lazy to get their basic terms right should be ignored, not debated. The point is
that if everyone spent just five minutes a... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
That's sufficient evidence for me, at least, to conclude that if Mayor Publice's expedients get any more nettlesome, I expect they'll grow legs and
attack me in my sleep. Mayor Publice is absolutely mendacious, as he has proved to my complete satisfaction. I almost forgot: I have a dream, a
mission, a set path that I would like to travel down. Specifically, my goal is to make a genuine contribution to human society. Of course, he deeply
believes that it is not only acceptable but indeed desirable to manipulate everything and everybody. Meanwhile, back on Earth, the truth is very
simple: This is a free country, and I assert we ought to keep it that way. When I state that we must, in one voice, cry out that we will not tolerate
Mayor Publice's drossy morals, I'm merely trying to begin the debate about Mayor Publice's

Why Is 1968 A Turning Point In 1968
The year 1968 was a significant moment in the postwar period as it witnessed the greatest social and political upheaval throughout the world. It is
understood as a metaphor for the larger mobilization cycle that took place in the long Sixties and in the Seventies. The events of that year marked a
turning point in the emergence of a cohort of young people comprising students and workers who had come confronting the established authority and
social conventions. Embedded in anti–authoritarian and individualistic, libertarian and socialistic as well as democratic, anti–institutional, and
anti–bureaucratic values, student groups and worker unions across organized protests and demonstrations against the established institutions of Western
democracy,... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The sentiment was intensified with the growing opposition to the Vietnam War. Fascism was still an open chapter for many young German students.
They were upset on the reluctance of the older generations in incorporating anti–Fascist ideas to the country's constitution. The Bonn Republic's support
for the U.S. in Vietnam did not bode well with the student. The U.S. was perceived as equally immoral as the Hitler regime. In brief, West German
radical Leftist criticised the Bonn Republic for its present imperialist–capitalist associations and for its past fascist ones and viewed themselves as the
true victims of the far–right dominance. The German radical Left eventually distanced themselves from Willy Brandt's Social Democratic Party and
adopted Third World's Marxists–Leninist' variation, Maoism, exemplified with strong anti–Western emphasis. The situation reached its peak in 1968
when the student movement failed to stop the Bundestag from legalising Emergency Law which were due to be passed, would allow the government
to limit civil rights in the case of an emergency. This marked the decline of the student movement culminated in the disbandment of Sozialistische
Deutsche Studentenbund, the biggest student union in West Germany and its resurrection in later years proved of no

The Memoir Spider Eaters Analysis
The Memoir Spider Eaters by Rae Yang is her personal account of her life during the Maoist revolution. In addition, she reminisces about her trials and
tribulations during her active participation in the culture revolution and the great North Wilderness. Her family also had various misfortunes due to
these changing ideological beliefs spread by the revolution. This memoir illustrates in great detail what Yang experienced under communist rule. Spider
Eaters opened up a door to a young girl and her families struggle to be good Samaritans under communist rule and their final disillusionment of the
revolution they whole heartedly believed in. Yang and her family struggled with the vast ideological changes during the Maoist Revolution, in turn,...
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While there she learned that the communist party was unfair full of a bunch of power hungry, lying politicians. Her first encounter with disillusionment
was when her friend Huar who told her that during the famine many people in her village died of starvation. The claim completely threw Yang into
disbelieve as she recalled the official newspaper stated that no one had died. Secondly, the attempted assassination of Mao left her to question the nature
of the cultural revolution. Thirdly, Yang found out that not everyone volunteered to go to the Great North Wilderness. A girl who worked on the pig
farm told Yang that she was forced to go because her father was told that a nationwide policy had been issued where all eldest children had to go to
the countryside. Yang expressed that she seen the cruelty and propaganda that came out of the party. Finally, the biggest factor in Yang's
disillusionment was when she fell in love with Zhou. Zhou's father fought for the nationalists in 1949. Therefore, Zhou and his whole family was seen
as nationalist. She felt that the party was unfair in classing everyone by their "historical problems" which led them to have little opportunities and no
future. These are prime examples what lead to Yang's disillusion view of the communist party.
Overall, the Culture Revolution was in many ways a war on the Chinese people beliefs, sexuality, customs, gender, and view. Yang perfectly illustrates
the ideological turmoil that people suffered from during this period. The revolution lead to Yang's family's disfranchisement, her blurred understanding
of sexuality and gender roles, as well as, disillusionment of the communist party as a whole. Yang escaped the clutches ofcommunism and the Great
North Wilderness with the acceptance of her application to attend the University of

The Khmer Rouge For Modern Cambodia
Qustions 1 – In your opinion, how important are the years of the Khmer Rouge for modern Cambodia? Does their history still play a role in the
counry's politics? Follow up: why does Prime Minister Hun Sen continuosly refers to the danger of civil war? 2 – What is being done to investigate the
crimes committed at the time and preserve their memory? Follow up: how much money is being spent on the Tuol Sleng museum, the killing fields
and Anlong Veng? 3– Knowledge abut the Khmer Rouge is increasing or decreasing among Cambodian people? 4 – What role does the Sleuk Rith
Institute play in researching and archving this period of Cambodian history? 4 – Some have argued that the Khmer Rouge's brutality has its roots in the
American bombing of

How Art Can Be Used As An Expansive Instrument Essay
Art can be used as an expansive instrument, as a passport to the public, and it opens up the people's interpretative view and culture (Meldone, Sontag).
Political art can pose as a threat to the government, because we see imagery as pieces of reality (Sontag). It can create a culture and can influence
people's ideals and acts. Mao Zedong recognized this and in his attempts to turn China around culturally, he needed the arts and intellectuals on his side
to influence the people of China. With this execution, he also sparked the intellectuals and art that were not displaying Maoism as a threat, or in other
words as the enemy. He enlightened the fresh, young minds of China and crossed out any form individuality and attempted to tie the bonds of the
people and the government to fight against the enemies of Maoism. As a result, the suppression that the artists were conformed to were released after
the death of Mao, stemming in much provocative artworks that expose the defiance of the people towards the government.
Mao Zedong believed that the Communist leaders at the time were leading China in a revisionist direction like the Soviet Union. In addition, he
thought that China's progress made since 1949 was leading to privileged classes, which included engineers, scientists, and factory managers (Trueman).
This privileged class "did not understand the normal lifestyles of a normal person," and through this he intended to make a classless society of China,
so that no one was better

How Did Mao Zedong Use Propaganda Posters During The...
Cultural Revolution: Chinese Propaganda Poster
In the years of 1966 to 1976, Chinese Communist Party leader Mao Zedong initiated a social–political movement in China that is known as "The
Proletarian Cultural Revolution", also called the Cultural Revolution. The main purpose was to perpetuate communist beliefs with a twist of Maoism
(Mao's own way) in China. Traditional Chinese values, capitalism perspectives, and other ideologies were demolished by Mao and other party leaders.
Consequently, China was deteriorated economically, socially, and politically by theCultural Revolution. Specifically, one of the crucial methods used by
the Chinese government for propagandas is posters; it was artistic and constructed posters within its vast but restricted media. Respectively, due to the
indoctrinations within the propaganda posters, it resulted in enormous negative impacts in China.
In order to overthrown the traditional and intellectual values among Chinese societies, the party emphasized on ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
The type of posters during that era were obvious, and it was quite eye catching. Despite the fact that many people were illiterate during that time, the
posters were designed to send direct and clear information (Huang, 2013). Which means even people who cannot read may be able to understand its
content. Pictures within the posters tend to be vivid and noticeable while bringing out sentimental values (in Mao's way); while words within the
posters lead the public's mind on a route of Maoism. In addition, some posters won't even have words on them, where some might just have quotes
from Mao for direct projections. Overall, diverse types of propaganda posters were built for various specific purposes but with one ultimate goal of
Maoism, nevertheless, such posters emerged unfavorable

Censorship In China
Censorship in China has been an ongoing issue throughout Chinese history. In order to understand the large role censorship plays in shaping China
today, one must understand the history of China during Mao's era in 1949 through 1976. Since the formation of the People's Republic of China in
1949, the Chinese Communist Party has controlled the Chinese government in several aspects, which have had lasting effects on Chinese society
today. The CCP utilized censorship and propaganda to control its people as one of their most important and powerful tools to shape and guide the
country. While Mao Zedong was China's leader, the country was controlled by heavy censorship by the CCP in order to prevent any outside world
influence. Mao Zedong believed ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
213). Due to the high censorship, Chinese netizens have turned to more creative measures in order to communicate with others and engage in political
discussion and government policies without using anything that can be classified as dissident speech. While the Sinophone Internet is largely a
platform for mainstream culture and censored mainstream media, netizens are able to break that barrier and find loopholes in China's Great Firewall
to voice their opinions involving politics and the government. Regardless of how advanced China's filtering and censorship are, people will continue to
find a way to speak freely and to speak truths to others. This reflects the government's strictness in terms of shutting down those that oppose them and
how highly sophisticated their filtering system is that netizens have to find creative ways in order to get around

The Shining Path Research Paper
Shining Path was a frightening guerilla force, profoundly isolationist and sectlike. The terrorist organization established in the most isolated and
impoverished regions of Peru, including Arequipa, Ayacucho, Huancayo, Huanta, and Lima. Their leader was a university professor, Abimael Guzman,
otherwise known as "Presidente Gonzalo." The group formed from radical university students then built up to an army of one hundred thirty thousand
militants. Leaning on the left spectrum of the political wing, the Shining Path followed guided principles of Marxism–Leninism, Maoism, and another
ideology known as "Gonzalo Thought." Gonzalo Thought became one of the theoretical foundations for Communism. "A web of exhortations and
formulas so dense that its adherents are reduced to desperate initializing whenever they attempt the simplest report." (GP, Lima 1990, 74).... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
Amalia Huaycan, a 38 year old Quechuan, lost her brother, brother–in–law, and cousin in 1986 during the massacres from the Shining Path. "We wept,
but they were like gods, hitting us and destroying everything." (GP, Lima 1990, 75). Terror and violence became the building foundations for the
Shining Path. In a period of endless darkness and confusion, the Shining Path radiated as a safe haven for those who sought for help. Soon, more
people began following the Shining Path, exponentially increasing at a phenomenal rate. The country was no longer Peru, but the Shining Path's.
Despite the group's abiding omnipresence, it still remained magically elusive and opaque to the general public at the same time. Senderistas disguised
themselves as civilians, but continued to carry out their clandestine

Mao Zedong Of The Communist Party Of China
In the 1960's the Chairman of the Communist Party of China, Mao Zedong feared that China would move too far in a revisionist direction with an
emphasis on expertise rather than on ideological purity as the Soviet model was doing. In response Mao gathered a group of radicals such as Defense
Minister Lin Biao to help him attack current party leadership to reassert the authority he had lost during the recent economic crisis and the Great Leap
Forward. In 1966, Mao launched the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution (1966 – 1976). The goal of the movement was to purify Chinese society by
upholdling only true Communist ideology. This was an attempt to revive the revolutionary spirit that had led to victory in the civil war decades earlier
and the formation of the People's Republic of China. Mao claimed that bourgeois foundations had infiltrated the government and society with the
intentions of restoring capitalism. Mao believed that the current Communist leaders were guiding China in the wrong direction and as a result he called
the nation's youth to purge capitalist and traditional fundamentals from Chinese society and re–impose Maoist thought in their place. This lead to a
violet class struggle, as China's youth responded to Mao's call by forming Red Guard groups around the country. The movement was soon amplified to
a class struggle on all fronts as it spread into the military, the urban workers and even the Communist Party leadership. President Liu Shaoqi and other
Communist

Examples Of Ideologies
Setting up a new political system won't be easy; there are many ideologies one can adopt to their system. Ideology is a system to improve society,
by believing things can be better. Each follows the ideology one believes is best for the society to achieve perfection. There are many major
ideologies, some that still exist till today and some that have faded away or have little followers. Some ideologies are still followed, but are now a
modified form of the original ideology. In our modern time new ideologies emerged that haven't been present in the past. The major Ideologies are:
Classic Liberalism: Adam Smith founded this ideology, in order to keep the government out of the economy. It was established to keep the economy
and people free ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
To keep them preserved and unchanged. To keep systems from evolving into more efficient and effective forms. Change must be carefully considered.
Modern Liberalism: This ideology is an evolved form of liberalism in which it favors the involvement of the government, in order to correct the
troubles of the economy and the society. The government is allowed to play a role in the economy, adding chances of success and equality for all.
Today this is the U.S liberalism.
Modern Conservatism: This ideology is the branch of liberalism, followed by the people who stuck to the original principle of Adam Smith, regarding
minimal government. Because they preserved this doctrine they obtained the name of modern conservatives. But this ideology also borrowed
traditionalist ideas from Edmund Burke. They were concerned about tradition, in specific religion.
Marxist Socialism: This ideology led by the thinker Karl Marx, who classified it as a fair, productive society without class divisions. This system is
mostly linked to economy, in which society controls the means of production. A system where the proletariat (working class) is dominant over the
bourgeoisie (middle class). There is no private property, no government, no classes, and no

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