The document is a presentation on the aviation industry that covers several topics: - It introduces the presenter and acknowledges their faculty. - It discusses factors affecting the development of the aviation industry such as costs, government policies, and competition. - It provides details on the growth of low-cost carriers in India and compares fares between low-cost and full-service airlines. - It examines the increase in domestic airlines in India and how the aviation industry impacts the overall economy.

1. PRESENTATION ON AVIATION INDUSTRY

2. SELF INTRODUCTION Name - Manju s kumar Batch -B3 Centre - Frankfinn institute of airhostess training, Kottayam .

3. Acknowledgement I take this opportunity to thank my faculty kalpana maam for giving me such an opportunity of doing an assignment in aviation. This subject actually gave me a clear picture of the aviation industry. Her suggestions in doing this assignment was really helpful..

4. AVIATION ASSIGNMENT This assignment gives a good picture of aviation industry. It deals with various aspects of the industry as a whole. By doing this assignment I understood many factors that affect the growth of aviation industry. It covers different fields of aviation like low cost carriers, domestic airlines, economy status, different features of airbuses etc.

5. FACTORS AFFECTING THE DEVELOPMENT OF AVIATION INDUSTRY Cost factor Government policies Economical changes Competition in the sector

6. Low Cost Airlines

7. LOW COST AIRLINES An airline that offers generally low fares in exchange for eliminating many traditional passenger services. The concept originated in the United States before spreading to Europe in the early 1990s. The term originated within the airline industry referring to airlines with lower operating cost structure than their competitors. It is often applied to any carrier with low ticket prices and limited services .

8. Indian scenario in low cost airlines India’s first low-cost airline, AIR DECCAN started in August 25, 2003. Its cost was almost 30% less than those offered by its rivals such as Indian airlines and Jet airways. Success of Air Deccan has spurred the entry of more than a dozen low-cost airlines in India. Private airlines owns 76% of domestic traffic in India.

9. Spice Jet Spice Jet A low cost airline based in Delhi. It started operation in May 2005. Earlier known as Royal Airways, it is a reincarnation of Modiluft.

11. Established in June 2004. Started its operations in October 2005. Initially it started with 20 leased A320 airbuses and now its raised to 40.

12. Business tactics A single passenger class. A single type of aeroplane for reducing training and servicing cost. Minimum set of optional equipments on the aeroplane Reducing cost of acquisition and maintenance. Simple fare scheme. Flying to cheaper, less congested secondary airports.

13. Cont… Flying early in the morn or at night to avoid traffic delays and take advantage of low landing fees. Fast turnaround times to allow maximum use of aircrafts. Simplified routes and encourage use of direct flights. Emphasis on direct sales of ticket. Employees working in multiple roles Aggressive fuel hedging programs

14. Comparison of fares between LCC/ full service airline/rail

15. Operating cost and operating revenue Here we can clearly differentiate that the operating expense of full service airline is greater than its op.revenue but when other commercial airlines are considered its just the opposite.

16. HOW IT AFFECTS THE INDUSTRY Gives a thorough competition to other category airlines which in turn results in advantage to people. Reduced cost = More passengers. More job opportunities booming up. Reduction in operating cost and there by more profit to airline industry. Opening up of new international routes. Overall economic growth.

17. Criticisms Issue of unbundling of ancillary charges to make headline fare appear lower. Some airlines charge additional fees for airport check-in, baggage check-in. handling charges, seat allocation and credit card processing etc. Impose high penalty charges for any carry-on bags exceeding their stipulations. Lcc can pose a serious threat on full service airlines, since the high cost structure of full-service carriers can prevent them from competing effectively on price.

18. How to get low fares in airlines? Book during sales period. Book well in advance. Fly off-peak season if possible. Price wars between airlines. Be creative with your routes. Know the airlines and go for a deal.

19. INCREASE IN DOMESTIC AIRLINES With the liberalization of aviation sector in India more domestic airlines were introduced. The increase in domestic airlines are affected by factors such as Growing middle class and its purchasing power. Low airfares offered by low cost air carriers. Growth of tourism industry. Increase in outbound travel. Overall economic growth .

21. This is a graphical representation showing the variation in number of passengers traveled by air in different airlines.

22. Number of passengers in millions.

23. INDIAN ECONOMY Indian economy is one of the fastest growing economy in the world. Government is keen to support and encourage new industries into the economy. Although the world economy is facing great depression Indian economy is little affected by it. More emphasis is given to business plans of new entrants and conducting surveys on intervals.

24. INDIAN ECONOMY – AVIATION INDUSTRY With a growth rate of 18% pa, the Indian economy is one of the fastest growing aviation industries in the world. India has jumped to 9 th position in world’s aviation market from 12 th in 2006. According to recent estimates by The International Air Transport Association, Indian Civil Aviation market grew at a compound annual growth rate of 18% and was worth US$ 5.6 billion in 2008.

25. By 2020, 400 million Indian passengers are likely to be airborne. By then Indian airports are expected to handle more than 100 million passengers including 60 million domestic passengers and around 3.4 million tonnes of cargo per annum. Indian carriers have a fleet size of 310 aircrafts, but have 480 aircrafts on order . Cont…

26. Cont… Domestic air traffic is likely to more than double and touch 86.1 million passengers by 2010, up from 32.2 million in 2007. Government plans to invest US$ 9 billion to modernize existing airports by 2010. The government is also planning to develop around 300 unused airstrips.

27. Parts of an aircraft

29. AIRBUS SEQUENCE AIRBUS A-300 INTRODUCED IN 1960’s TWIN ENGINE, PASSENGER CAPACITY OF 150 PASSENGERS. VERSIONS-A300 B1, A300 B2, A300 B4/C4, A300/600.

30. AIRBUS A-320 Introduced in 1982. Specifications- 13 frames smaller, less wingspan, small winglet, landing gear was renewed, engine pylons was revised. Versions- A 310-200, A310-300.

31. AIRBUS A 330 Introduced in 1987. Twin engine , medium range , passenger capacity of 335. Specifications- more weight, increased fuel capacity and more range. Versions- A 330-100, A 330-200, A 330-300.

32. AIRBUS A 340 Introduced in 1987 Specifications-four engine, long range ,more fuel capacity, longer fuselage, passenger capacity of 260-300. Versions-A 340-200, A 340-300, A 340-500, A 340-600, A 340-8000.

33. AIRBUS A 380 Introduced in April 2005. Specifications-double deck, long and wide fuselage, increased fuel capacity, more powerful engine Passenger capacity- 500 to 800. Versions- A 380-800F, A 380 -700.

35. Features of A380 Double deck to provide maximum seating capacity. More fuel efficient. Four engines to make more powerful. Use of selected materials to reduce weight of the aircraft.

36. Interior specialties Much wider seats More headroom Lcd psu display behind every seats. Wider overhead bins Increased cabin area Two stairways to connect upper deck and lower deck.

37. A300 cabin A340 cabin

38. A 380- cabin layout

39. A300-economy A320-economy A340- economy A350-economy COMPARISON

40. A380 interior A380 economy A380 business class A380 lavatory

41. Cockpit comparison A300 A380

42. Technical comparison 3,10,000 ltr 1,95,881 ltr 23,860 ltr 68,150 ltr Fuel capacity Trent 900 RR trent 500 Two CFM56-5 Two CF6 80C2 Engine 525 380 50-80 120-150 Pax capacity Main deck 6.58m Upper-5.92m 5.28m 3.70m 5.28m Cabin width 73m 75.3m 37.57m 54.10m Overall length 24.1m 17.3m 11.76m 16.54m Height A380 A340 A320 A300 Features

43. EVACUATION IN A380

44. SAFETY EQUIPMENTS Oxygen masks – placed in overhead cabins to manipulate decompression in the cabin for every passengers.

45. Fire axe/crash axe -To assist in cutting or hacking exits or any area that is blocked during emergencies.

46. Radio beacon- A radio device on board to give out emergency signals on particular frequencies in case of an emergency with no contact with outside world. Found in the bins as well as in the slide/rafts.

47. Asbestos gloves- For protection of hand during fire fighting.

48. Smoke goggles- Thick goggles found in the cockpit, which protect eyes against smoke thus helping crew fight the fire.

49. Megaphone - Hand held loudspeakers used by crew to enable them to direct emergency evacuation procedures by being heard over various sounds associated with the emergency .

50. Life vest- Automatically inflatable vests found under every seats on board to help in floatation during ditching. Children's life vests are also present in smaller sizes.

51. Fire extinguishers- Devices used to contain & overcome fire. They are of two types : halon and water.

52. First aid kit- Kits used in minor cases of injury or an emergency. Contain general items for treatment & can be administered by crew.

53. Emergency exits- In case of an emergency these exits can be used to get out of the aircraft if the doors are not opened properly. Every door in an aircraft is an emergency exit.

54. Slide/rafts- in case of ditching or other emergency the slide inside the door inflates automatically to allow the passengers to slide down and use it as a raft in case of ditching and move away to safety. These were not present in A300 or A320.

55. Brace position – This is the position a passenger should adopt, should the aircraft have to make an emergency landing. if there is time before the aircraft ‘touches down’ the crew should try and ensure that all passengers have adopted this position.

56. In-flight Services Offered In-flight meal service

57. In flight beverage service

58. Alcoholic Beverages Admiral Nelson's Rum, Premium Merlot Coors, Beefeater Gin ,Premium Chardonnay Coors, Light Canadian, Mist Heineken, Chivas Regal Scotch, Brandy Liquors, Molson, Finlandia Vodka, Amaretto, New Castle, Jack Daniels Black Label, Amarula , Courvoisier .

59. Non- Alcoholic Coca cola Classic Diet Coke Coca cola Zero Sprite Sprite Zero Distain bottled water Milk Tea Java city hand –roasted regular/decaffeinated coffees

60. Others Special Meal services Asian Baby Child Bland Diabetic Gluten-free Kosher Low-sodium Muslim Seafood (cold) Vegetarian (Pure)

61. In-flight duty free sales offered.

62. Unaccompanied minor Child below the age of 12 traveling alone can be termed as unaccompanied minor. A UNM is boarded first and deplaned last. The UNM is taken over from a ground staff with enough documents. the safety measures of the UNM has to be shown by the cabin crew separately to make him understand. After the flight the UNM should be handed over only to the ground staff assigned.

63. Comparison of In-flight facilities offered

64. Bar service A330 bar A340 bar A380 bar

65. In-flight entertainment Personal TV system for every passengers entertainment in A380. Only a common television screen available for every passenger in A320

66. Galleys of different airbuses A320 A340 A380

67. A DREAM JOB

68. Duties of a Cabin Crew Direct and assist passengers in the event of an emergency, such as directing passengers to evacuate a plane following an emergency landing. Announce and demonstrate safety and emergency procedures such as the use of oxygen masks, seat belts, and life jackets Walk aisles of planes to verify that passengers have complied with federal regulations prior to take-offs and landings.

69. Attend preflight briefings concerning weather, altitudes, routes, emergency procedures, crew coordination, lengths of flights, food and beverage services offered, and numbers of passengers. Prepare passengers and aircraft for landing, following procedures. Check to ensure that food, beverages, blankets, reading material, emergency equipment, and other supplies are aboard and are in adequate supply.

70. Reassure passengers when situations such as turbulence are encountered. Verify that first aid kits and other emergency equipment, including fire extinguishers and oxygen bottles, are in working order. Determine special assistance needs of passengers such as small children, the elderly, or disabled persons.

71. Personal Attributes Required To Be A Cabin Crew Service oriented. Sense of duty even in stress. Communication ability. Well groomed Dedicative Dependable. Team capable person Friendly manner. Independent. Showing initiative .

72. Conclusion In my assignment I’ve tried to present various aspects of the aviation industry. For doing this assignment I’ve tried to collect maximum data available about this industry. This assignment deals with the present scenario in aviation industry. According to my view although the industry was facing a fall last year, it is currently gearing up. Due to the great depression in 2008 in world economy the aviation industry also strived hard to sustain. But due to the remedial measures it got, the industry has come back on its full strength when compared to any other industry. Aviation industry is booming up to regain all its past fruitfulness..

73. Bibliography www.airbus.com www.airliner.com www.widebodyaircraftparade.com www.icao.com www.researchandanalysis.com www.airtoons.com www.rediffnews.com www.bangaloreaviation.com www.economytimes.com www.seattletimes.com

74. THANK YOU THANK YOU