Napoleon Bourgeois Power

Napoleon Bourgeois Power
establish its authority over the country and there was a huge inflation, suspicion of corruption, and
the Jacobins admirers tried to regain power. The bourgeoisie wanted political stability, since the old
regime was over.
THE NAPOLEONIC EMPIRE
The formation of a Consulate was given as a response by the bourgeoisie to the further
strengthening of the Jacobins. Fearing the return of the Reign of Terror period, Abbot Emmanuel
Sieyes articulated a coup which ended the Directory. On November 9 1799, Napoleon invaded the
hall of the Council of Five Hundred and dismissed the Directory. The Consulate was constituted
with three consuls, Sieyes, Napoleon Bonaparte and General Roger Ducos. A dictatorship in France
was formed since Napoleon managed to centralize power in his hands. In 1804, a new constitution
was approved, giving Napoleon the title of Emperor of France. At the coronation ceremony,
Napoleon coronate himself with the delivery of the crown by Pope Pius VII, with this rite, the
alliance of the French State with the Catholic Church was established, which guaranteed him
prestige, and some kind of religious sanctity. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Unlike the previous monarchy in 1789, the Napoleonic Empire had a social base of support from the
bourgeoisie. The principles of bourgeois power were expressed in the Napoleonic Civil Code,
enacted in 1804. In it, Napoleon commenced land redistribution, getting the sympathy of the
peasants. He reformed the tax system and created the Bank of France, controlling the coin issuance
process and containing inflation; yet held public jobs, encouraged primary education of the French
population, and militarized secondary
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...

What Are Louis's Greatest Accomplishments
France 1643, a young boy is given the throne at a mere age of 5, no one knew this boy would usher
the longest reign in European history. Louis began with a team of excellent ministers inherited from
Mazarin. Giving Louis a great head start into his reign as king. He would rule his court with
efficiency, no corruption, and no abuse of privileges from his court. Louis when entering his proper
reign from 1661, choose the sun as his emblem. Louis would be seen as the Sun King, Apollo, God–
King; He choose the sun because the Greek God Apollo, which is the God of peace and art. Louis
wanted to be glorified in all of his benevolence, and from 1661 that's what he set out to accomplish.
Even though Louis had control of the throne at age 4 in the year 1643. His mother Anne of Austria
and her rumored lover Cardinal Mazarin ruled the kingdom ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Louis spent vast amounts of money and time in building this image of France being this lavish and
advance society. Although it was easily reinforced by the fact that France was at the forefront of
science discoveries, art, music, and cultural advances. One of the Louis greatest accomplishments
that immortalized him was the Palace of Versailles. The Court often shifted from place to place.
Louis and his courtiers were based in the Louvre Palace, then the Tuileries, alternating with stints at
the Châteaux of Saint–Germain–en–Laye, Vincennes, Fontainebleau and the rapidly–growing
Versailles. They were finally based in Palace of Versailles on May 6, 1682, when it was inaugurated.
Louis the XIV was a monarch who ruled with absolute power, but it was driven because of his want
to be glorified in history and his younger misfortunes when we was growing during The Fronde.
This shaped him because he wasn't going to let the nobles usurp his power and he wanted to prove
people wrong. He showed this by being in control constantly and again ruling

Aaron Copland Biography Essay
Aaron Copland was one of the foremost composers in the twentieth century. Copland was born on
November 14,1900 in Brooklyn,New York. On December 2,1990 at age 90 he past away in New
York city. His parents were jewish and european descendants and he was the youngest of five
children. At the age eleven he developed an interest for the piano. one of his older sisters taught him
to play for a while then a neighborhood teacher began giving him lessons. "Copland later studied
under Rubin Goldmark in manhattan and regularly attended classical music performances. He
decided he wanted to be a composer at the age of fifteen. He began studying music theory while in
high school in 1917. " He continued his music lessons after high school graduation, in 1921 he went
to France to study at the American Conservatory in ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
some of his ballets are Billy the kid(1938), Rodeo(1942), Appalachian Springs(1944) and the
Pulitzer Prize(1945). Copland wanted more traction of music in American life. He became a teacher
at the new school for social research at Harvard University, and the head of composition department
at the Berkshire Music Center in Tanglewood, Massachusetts. "His Norton lectures at Harvard were
published as Music and imagination in 1952 and in earlier years he had books published What to
listen for in music in 1939 and our new music in 1941." "Although he had been out of the major
spotlight for the almost twenty years, remained semi active in the music world. up to his death,
conducting his last symphony in 1983." "Aaron Copland died in New York city on December 2,
1990. he was remembered as a man who encouraged young composers to find their own voice, no
matter the style, just as he had done for sixty

The Protestant Reformation And The Middle Of The 17th Essay
From the beginning of the 16th century, to the middle of the 17th, Europe was in a state of religious
turmoil. In 1517, Martin Luther started the Protestant Reformation, which drew many supporters,
which divided Europe, not only geographically, but within individual states as well. In particular,
England found itself going back and forth between Catholicism and Protestantism with each new
ruler. Despite being half sisters, their religious policies were as different as night and day, having
different state religions and persecution against those of the opposite faith. The policies of their
father,
Henry VIII, provide a background for their opposing views, along with how their upbringing shaped
them. Another political situation similar to that of Mary and Elizabeth was the War of the Three
Henries, with Henry of Navarre and Henry, Duke of Guise. Mary I and Elizabeth I had very
different religious policies, differing in faith, and styles of persecution, which can be explained
through their father Henry
VIII, and are comparable to Henry of Navarre and Henry, Duke of Guise.
Mary I and Elizabeth I had radically different religious policies . On one hand, Mary was
Catholic, and Elizabeth was Protestant. The former was an extreme example of her faith. Being a
devout
Catholic, Mary was eager to restore Catholicism in England, and was quick to marry Philip II of
Spain.
Spain was known to be an extremely Catholic nation, having its own Inquisition, and expelling the
Moors/Jews under

Peter The Great Absolutism
According to the Kids Encyclopedia, an absolute monarch "has the power to rule their country and
citizens freely with no laws or opposition telling the monarchy what to do." In Europe during the
seventeenth century, the absolutism view of the role of the monarchy increased in prominence, and
one can identify an increased number of absolute monarchs during this time period than almost any
other in history. During this emergence of absolute monarchs, two monarchs stand out as the most
influential, powerful rulers: Peter the Great of Russia and Louis XIV of France. Both of these rulers
embody the definition of an absolute monarch and by controlling various aspects of their nation,
both successfully created a more unified nation state. Despite ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
In 1685, Louis XIV issued the Edict of Fontainebleau which revoked an older edict, the Edict of
Nantes. Previously, the Edict of Nantes allowed the French people to practice Calvinism alongside
Catholicism, which caused the lack of religious unity. To create this religious unity in France and
strengthen France as one, unified nation, Louis XIV issued the Edict of Fontainebleau which
revoked the Edict of Nantes and said that the French people could only practice Catholicism. In
addition, Louis XIV expanded French territory so that France could reach its natural borders of the
Rhine River, the Pyrenees, and the Alps. To expand to France's natural borders, Louis invaded the
Spanish Netherlands and the Dutch Republic in order to expand the French lands. Specifically,
Louis XIV successfully received two fortresses which helped him control inland waterways,
Maastricht and Trier. Also, Louis XIV created a system to control the nobles of the robe and prevent
them from interfering with important governmental policies. In mid seventeenth century, Louis built
the Court of Versailles for the nobles of the robe to stay and involve themselves with the frivolities
of court life. In the Court of Versailles, these nobles would compete with each other to watch Louis
XIV wake up each morning and fight over where

George Seurat Research Paper
George Seurat was born on December 2, 1859 in Paris. He was one of the three children of
Chrysostome–Antoine Seurat and Ernestine Faivre. This also means that George comes from a
prosperous family that made several sculptors. Unfortunately, he lived with his mother and two
siblings which had to be temporarily relocated to Fontainebleau, where they stayed during the
Franco–Prussian War and the subsequent Paris Commune rebellion in 1870. However, George's
interest in art was encouraged by his uncle, Paul Haumonté, a textile dealer and amateur painter.
Around 1875, George Seurat training began when he went to a local art school with the teachings of
a sculptor named of Justin Lequien also in art school, he made a friend by the name of Edmond
Aman–Jean and their journey as artists began. Seurat was a pleaser and adventurous by spending his
free time conducting his own artistic studies and frequently visited museums and libraries
throughout Paris while seeking advice by other painters. This hunger for his curiosity was quenched
when Charles Blanc's aka The Grammar of Painting and Engraving in 1867 and Michel–Eugène
Chevreul's aka The Principles of ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Seurat exhibited La Grande Jatte at the Eighth Impressionist Exhibition in May 1886. Its visual
effects of light and color, as well as its complex representation of different social classes established
Seurat as the leader of a new avant–garde. In 1889, after returning from this trip, he met Madeleine
Knobloch, a 20–year–old model, and started secretly living with her. Knobloch gave birth to a son in
February 1890, unbeknownst to his friends and family. George Seurat died at the age of 31
unfortunately along side his son who suffered the same illness which killed them

Was Humanism Really Important Factor In The Renaissance?
Was humanism really a factor in the Renaissance? Humanism is a outlook or a system that
understands the importance of humans. Humanism was important during the Renaissance because it
was a time when people changed how they thought about humanity, art and architecture. Humanism
was expressed in the Renaissance through the works of "The Last Supper", Romeo and Juliet, and
Château de Fontainebleau.
In the painting "The Last Supper" There is religious people sitting at a table eating and they are
discussing things. In the painting the people are wearing old fashioned clothes. The people are in a
room and they are in groups. In the middle of a group there is a man that it sitting there with his
arms open and all the other people are a pointing fingers or they have there hands down.In the
painting the humanism characteristics that they are displaying is sociability. I know this because the
people are at a table discussing things. Another humanism characteristic that is being displayed in
this painting is art. I know this because this is a painting that was created by Leonardo da Vinci in
1495 and it is a work of art that resembles a religious movement. ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
It is a building with pointed tops. The building itself it grey with a brown pillars at the top. It has a
lot of windows. The landscaping is well maintenanced. This building is as used to be a residence for
the French monarchs. This is the building were Napoleon's nephew was baptized. In the building the
humanism characteristics that they are displaying is architecture. I know this because architecture
means a building and that is what this is. This embodies the characteristics of humanism because
this building is a work of art that Philibert de l'Orme, Sebastiano Serlio, Gilles Le Breton, Jean
Bullant came up

French Censorship Act Flambleau Analysis
The document I'll be analysing is the French Censorship Act Fontainebleau from 1547. This
document was an edict made by king Henry the second and obtained from records of parlement. In
this act, he calls for the "extirpation of false doctrines and errors" that are circulating the kingdom
through restrictive laws, the first of these laws being the expulsion of condemned books which are
the "sources of errors". Furthermore, he states that no book concerning holy scripture be printed
unless the book has been examined thoroughly by the Faculty of Theology of Paris so that it is "of
good and sound doctrine and learning", specifically books which are "brought from Geneva,
Germany, and other strange places." These laws are enforced through severe punishments, therefore
he mentions that unless the full name of the person who made them is shown, as well as the name
and symbol of residence of the printer, so a bookseller cannot sell any scriptures with the word ...
Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Providing some historical narrative, the abstract explains that before Henry the Second, censorship
policies had been made by Francis the first which created religious tension between Catholics and
Huguenots. This caused Henry the second, his successor, to "introduce a more systematic
framework for censorship" , such as this edict of 1547, as well as one in 1551. These provisions
were "milestones" because "they confirmed, by establishing a regime of pre–publication censorship
and permissions, the Crown's determination to exert a firm grip on the literary market – a grip which
did not slacken right up to 1789." In other words, since these acts of censorship began to couple
with privileges near the end of the sixteenth century, this morphed the previously economic nature
of the privilege into protection for intellectual property

How Did King Louis Xiv Help Usher In The Golden Age Of...
The Sun King also known as King Louis XIV ruled France from 1643 to 1715. Over his rule he
ushered in many new ideas and polices for his vision of France. King Louis XIV Helped usher in the
golden age of literature, ordered the Edict of Fontainebleau, and engaged France in war. King Louis
XIV helped usher in the golden age of literature into France. He created institutions to help expand
the fine arts. This to me is a great thing to do solely based on the idea of the expansion of
knowledge. This would help and allow his people to expand their knowledge of the world around
them. Without Louis I believe that the golden age of literature may have never happened. When
King Louis XIV ordered the Edict of Fontainebleau he order the destruction of

Jean Camille Corot Research Paper
Jean–Baptiste–Camille Corot was a famous, french artist who specialized in landscapes. Born
during a period of political and social upheaval in Western Europe, artists in the 1800s, began to
challenge reason and instead, focused on internal passions and the human subconscious. Less than a
decade after the French Revolution of 1789, Corot was born in Paris, France. His father, Louis
Jacques Corot was a successful cloth merchant and his mother, Marie Françoise Oberson Corot, ran
a thriving millinery business, their money caused Corot to be able to establish a career in art. At
first, his father wanted him to follow in his footsteps, so he sent Jean to apprentice a Parisian draper.
For 7 years, he learned about color harmonies and made many

Leonardo Da Vinci's Accomplishments
In this world there is a lot of paintings, everyone can paint their own painting with a piece of paper
and some color paints. But there is no other paintings like "Mona Lisa" and "The Last Supper",
these two pieces of art are the most famous and admired in the world, and the artist is Leonardo di
ser Piero da Vinci, most known as Leonardo da Vinci. This man was a genius. He was a painter, a
writer, an architect, an inventor, and he used to study all the scientific things.
Leonardo da Vinci was born on April 15, 1452 in Vinci, Italy. His father was Ser Piero a rich notary
and attorney. His mother was Caterina a young peasant. They never married each other; he was the
only child they had together. Leonardo was raised by his father and his stepmothers, but at the age of
5 he moved to his father's family. Hi lived with his grandparents and his uncle, they helped raised
him. Leonardo did not receive any formal education beyond basic reading, writing and math, but his
father noticed his artistic talents from an early age. At the age of 15 da Vinci began his
apprenticeship with the noted sculptor and painter Andrea Del Verrocchio. Da vinci stayed with
Verrocchio until he became an independent master in 1478. (staff, 2009) ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
He spent 12 years creating a 16 foot tall equestrian statue, in bronze to honor dynasty founder
Francesco Sforza, but it was destroyed in 1499 after the ruling Sforza duke fell from power.
Leonardo da Vinci created a painting of Lisa Gherardini wife of Francisco Del Giocondo. Da vinci
created this 21 in x 31 in piece between 1503 and 1506. This portrait is named as "La Gioconda",
but best known today as "Mona Lisa" and hangs on display in the Louvre Museum in Paris, France,
and is one of the most famous paintings in the world. (staff,

Essay about Napoleons Farwell Address Speech Analysis
Napoleon's Farewell Address To The Old Guard
A truly dramatic moment in history occurred on April 20, 1814, as Napoleon Bonaparte, Emperor of
France and would–be ruler of Europe said goodbye to the Old Guard after his failed invasion of
Russia and defeat by the Allies.
By that time, Napoleon had ruled France and surrounding countries for twenty years. Originally an
officer in the French Army, he had risen to become Emperor among the political chaos following the
French Revolution in which the old ruling French kings and nobility had been destroyed.
Napoleon built a 500,000 strong Army, which used modern tactics and improvisation in battle to
sweep across Europe and acquire an Empire for France.
But in 1812, the seemingly invincible ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
"Soldiers of my Old Guard: I bid you farewell. For twenty years I have constantly accompanied you
on the road to honor and glory. In these latter times, as in the days of our prosperity, you have
invariably been models of courage and fidelity. With men such as you our cause could not be lost;
but the war would have been interminable; it would have been civil war, and that would have
entailed deeper misfortunes on France.
I have sacrificed all of my interests to those of the country.
I go, but you, my friends, will continue to serve France. Her happiness was my only thought. It will
still be the object of my wishes. Do not regret my fate; if I have consented to survive, it is to serve
your glory. I intend to write the history of the great achievements we have performed together.
Adieu, my friends. Would I could press you all to my heart."
Napoleon Bonaparte – April 20, 1814
Following this, Napoleon was sent into exile on the little island of Elba off the coast of Italy. But ten
months later, in March of 1815, he escaped back into France. Accompanied by a thousand men from
his Old Guard he marched toward Paris and gathered an army of supporters along the way.
Once again, Napoleon assumed the position of Emperor, but it lasted only 100 days until the battle
of Waterloo and was defeated by the English and Prussian Armies on June 18, 1815.
A month later he was sent into exile on the island of St. Helena off the coast of Africa. On May 5,
1821, the

Aaron Copland Research Paper
"I became very preoccupied with writing serious concert music that would have a specifically
American flavor." ("UXL Biographies" 2). Those were the words of Aaron Copland, which he told
to Edward Rothstein of the New York Times. Copland wanted to make American music speak in its
own unique way. Over the course of his existence he did that by composing some of the most well–
known classical scores and ballet theme of his time.Truly studying Aaron Copeland's life, an
individual can recognize that Copeland is a true American icon by analyzing his life experiences and
understanding how his tremendous impact and influence had touched lives of Americans, most
particularly, musicians.
Aaron Copland was born in the year of 1900 on November 14th, near Brooklyn, New York. As the
youngest of 5 siblings and was raised by his ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Growing up on the streets of New York made Copland independent, as his music conveys. He
revealed a great interest in music during his early life, composing songs when he was only eight
years old ("UXL Biographies"1). Composing at this young age was already a sign of a true gift.
Copland's family had already invested a significant amount of money in the four older children with
less than stellar results ("UXL Biographies"1). Copeland's siblings all took after music for a hobby,
but his talent was unmatched. His parents finally paid for private piano lessons with Leopold
Wolfsohn when he turned 13 ("UXL Biographies" 1). Short after that he attended Boys' High School
in Brooklyn, where he took music theory classes with Rubin Goldmark for the next four years
("Encyclopedia of World Biography" 1). Goldmark was a very well–known educator in Brooklyn
which is why George Gershwin, another great American composer, also studied with Goldmark
("Newsmakers" 1). The teacher of Copland not only taught one, but two, amazing composers,
artists, and musicians. In 1924 Copland went to France to study at The

Fontainebleau Letters
Dear Sam, How are you? I hope this letter finds you in good spirits. I am in the city Fontainebleau
near Paris, France to see where the Three Musicians by Spanish artist Pablo Picasso Paris; created
one of his paintings (oil on canvas) ), Three Musicians, in the summer of 1921 while visiting there
with his young family. However traveling to Fontainebleau provides me with the opportunity to go
where the artist created such artwork. I found a package deal (flight and hotel) for $1550 via
www.expedia.com. I will be staying in one of the top hotel in France called La Demeure du Parc led
which is located at 36 rue Paul Seramy Fontainebleau. Three Musicians was painted in
Fontainbleau. Fontainebleau is a town southeast of Paris, known for the opulent ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
It is protected by France's Office National des Forêts, and it is recognized as a French national park.
The materials used in Three Musicians are oil on canvas. The process used for the materials was an
oil painting. It is an oil on canvas and measures 6' 7" x 7' 3 3/4" (200.7 x 222.9 cm). Three
Musicians is a perfect example of Cubist style. Cubism was created by Picasso and Georges Braque
(French, 1882–1963) in Paris between 1907 and 1914. Cubism was one of the most influential
visual art styles of the early twentieth century. In Cubism, the subject of the artwork is transformed
into a sequence of planes, lines, and arcs. Pablo Ruiz y Picasso, also known as Pablo Picasso, was a
Spanish painter, sculptor, printmaker, ceramicist, stage designer, poet and playwright who spent
most of his adult life in France. He was born October 25, 1881 and died april 8, 1973 at the age of
91, in Mougins, france. Picasso demonstrated extraordinary artistic talent in his early years, painting
in a naturalistic manner through his childhood and adolescence. I also learnt that Picasso had refused
to part with the work for many years, before finally letting A. E. Gallatin acquire it for his Gallery of
Living Art in New York in

Rosso Fiorentino Research Paper
Rosso Fiorentino was born in Florence, Italy on March 8, 1494 and died on November 14, 1540 at
Fontainebleau, France. He lived to be 46 years old. Fiorentino was an Italian painter and decorator,
and was a founder of the Fontainebleau school. Fiorentino received most of his training from Andrea
del Sarto's art studio. We can also see influences from Michelangelo and northern Gothic engravings
in Rosso Fiorentino's work. Fiorentino is often recognized as one of the founders of Mannerism.
Many of Fiorentino's early pieces show elongated figures with harsh lighting and brilliant colors.
Instead of trying to be like every other Renaissance painter, Fiorentino wanted to be the exact
opposite of them. Rosso created his own style of art in order ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
In 1518 Rosso Fiorentino was instructed to paint the altarpiece known as Virgin and Child
Enthroned with Four Saints. When the patrons of the church saw the painting they said the saints
were depicted as harsh and devilish and rejected the work. After being rejected, Fiorentino left
Florence and traveled to Volterra where he painted Deposition. When he returned to Florence in
either 1521 or 1522 he painted the popular Moses Defending the Daughters of Jethro. Not long after,
Fiorentino moved back to Florence, he traveled to Rome where he was exposed to Michelangelo's
Sistine Chapel and some art from the late Raphael. Seeing these works inspired Rosso Fiorentino to
become less violent and more mature in his works. He began using more peaceful colors, his art
became more three dimensional, and the mood and emotion, of his art, changed dramatically once
he matured. Rosso also refined his brushstrokes in his later works. One example of Fiorentino's new
found maturity is his painting Dead Christ with Angels. In 1530, Rosso wanted to live in
Fontainebleau and join the art community there. Eventually, Rosso Fiorentino was invited to live in
Fontainebleau where he would paint for the

Da Vinci's Long-Lasting House In Paris
and patron king Francois I. Francois preserved the painting in his private quarters at The Palace of
Fontainebleau. Then it was passed on to Louis XV he took the Mona Lisa to the Palace of Versailles
and then following the portrait was hung in Napoleon's bedroom in the Tuileries Palace. Later on in
the year 1793 the Mona Lisa found a long–lasting home in Paris at the Louvre museum when it open
for the first time. Overall, the Mona Lisa is one of Da Vinci's numerous works of art. Which is a
work of genius to wonder at to date. When people first look at her they cannot help, but take notice
that she has an intriguing look on her face. The look remains people of a woman that is not cheerful
nor unhappy. Her skin is smooth and she has no imperfections,

16 Things Every International Student Should Know About...
16 things every international student should know about INSEAD
Georges Frederic Doriot (1899–1987), who earned the sobriquet of "Father of venture capitalism"
for establishing the American Research and Development Corporation, founded INSEAD, an
acronym for the French name for the "European Institute of Business Administration," in 1957.
Location: INSEAD has three campuses–one each in Fontainebleau, near Paris, France (Europe
campus); Singapore (Asia campus); and Abu Dhabi, UAE (Middle–east campus). The Europe
campus is located on the edge of the Forest of Fontainebleau, near the town center. In 20 acres, it
accommodates 29 lecture halls, two restaurants and a bar, a bookshop, and a gym. Students have a
variety of houses, studios, and flats to choose from, and search assistance from rental agencies is
available. The Asia campus is situated in Singapore's Knowledge Hub district, 30 minutes from
Changi airport. Apartments and houses can be rented with help from real–estate agents. The Middle
East campus in Abu Dhabi does not offer onsite accommodation but the university has negotiated
special rates for students in hotels nearby.
High ranking: INSEAD consistently finds a place among the world's top five MBA programs by
Financial Times, Bloomberg Businessweek, and Forbes. The INSEAD MBA program was placed
first in the FT's 2016 ranking. The Tsinghua–INSEAD Dual Degree Executive MBA and the Single
School EMBA program have received the top ranking from FT (2015).
Faculty: As can

King Louis XIV: A Disastrous Ruler Essay
King Louis XIV: A Disastrous Ruler
It is often debated whether or not the reign of King Louis XIV had a positive or negative effect on
France. Although there were improvements during his reign in transportation, culture, and national
defense, there were far more negative aspects. He depleted the national treasury with his liberal
spending on personal luxuries and massive monuments. His extreme fear of the loss of power led to
poor decision making, which caused the court to be of lower quality. King Louis XIV's disastrous
rule brought about a series of effects that influenced the French Revolution in the following century.
King Louis XIV's 72 year reign was incredibly influential in shaping French ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
Transportation was improved by paving roads and by building ports and canals. He also built many
massive palaces and monuments. These often showcased architecture and French goods of the time.
The most elaborate palace built was the Palace of Versailles. Culture also seemed to grow during
this period. Molière, Racine, Lully, La Fontaine, and Le Brun were all compensated with state
pensions. France's national defenses grew to rival those of England and Holland in size with the
addition of a merchant marine, a police association and a navy. It could also be said that France
acquired many new lands due to King Louis XIV's decisions. In the War of Devolution against the
Spanish Netherlands and in the later Anglo–Dutch War France acquired territory in Flanders. Later
wars led to other territorial gains, one of which included Luxembourg.
Still, the negative aspects of France's rule under King Louis XIV far outweigh the positive ones. His
reign can best be described by the statement "L'état, c'est moi," (I am the state) that is attributed to
him. King Louis XIV spent state money to pay for his own luxuries and monuments that glorified
his image. It was also customary for the artists King Louis XIV sponsored to include direct or
indirect allusions to him in their productions thus creating a god–like image of him. The Palace of
Versailles alone used 5% of France's income. This liberal

Different Impacts on Religion
Close to one hundred and fifty years apart, both Louis XIV Edict of Fontainebleau and Luther's
Address to the Christian Nobility of the German Nation had an immense impact on religion. Martin
Luther's document would pave the way for the Protestant Reformation, while Louis XIV would
revoke all the freedoms that the Huguenots enjoyed in a Catholic France with the Edict of Nantes.
This essay will compare and contrast these distinctions and their impact on religion. Therefore,
although years apart, these two documents lead a paradigm shift, address what they believe to be
"evils" plaguing their lands, and put power in the hands of the temporal authorities.
The renowned individuals, King Louis XIV and Martin Luther, led a paradigm shift with ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The Pope's anointment and all his religious rites (unction, tonsure, ordination, consecration) all
made him a puppet and not what a real leader of the Catholic Church should have been. Luther
quoted St. Peter who said, "Thus we are all consecrated as, priests by baptism" , which meant all the
citizens are equal under God's eyes. Every Christian is baptized and has the ability to absolve their
sins and Luther believed that with indulgences, the Church has destroyed the great virtue of these
privileges. The second wall attacked the Church considering them to be "Master of Scriptures". He
felt that if the real justice of God is found in the bible, then the Pope cannot be the only one right in
interpreting scriptures. Luther explained that if this was the case, "then we must say, 'I believe in the
Pope of Rome,' and reduce the Christian Church to one man, which is a devilish and damnable
heresy." Luther went about this on his own as he translated the Bible into German, published the 95
theses, and with the help of the printing press, made the word of God available to thousands of
people. The third and final wall, Luther believed to be the easiest to overcome. He believed that the
Church needed to be held accountable if people felt that they are acting contrary to the scriptures.
After a period of review, the German princes eventually agreed with Luther and adopted his
proposed

Frankie Avalon Research Paper
It's a good chance that you'll quickly recall the name and talents of singer, actor Frankie Avalon, no
matter your age. Frankie's stellar career embraced three generations of music, television and motion
pictures and was an intrinsic fiber of American entertainment history. Frankie Avalon was born
September 18, 1940 in "The City of Brotherly Love", Philadelphia, PA. He could light the flame and
turn up the heat on nearly every love struck teen girl or adult woman in America! A child prodigy,
Frankie entered local amateur talent contests after he turned 10 and won them, one after another. In
the years that ensued, he continued his musical studies and learning trumpet from a member of the
Philadelphia Symphony Orchestra. This truly genuine young talent soon made guest appearances as
a trumpet player on The Perry Como and Jackie Gleason Television Shows. ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
His music was synonymous to the times. Among some of his hit sounds were"Venus", a song written
by Ed Marshall and Peter DeAngelis. The most successful version was by Frankie and released in
1959. This song would become Avalon's first number–one hit on the Billboard Hot 100 chart and it
spent five weeks atop the survey. The song also reached number ten on the R&B chart and was a
man's plea to Venus, the Roman goddess of love and beauty, to send him a girl to love and one who
will love him. Another of Frankie Avalon's best known songs was "Why". Recorded in 1959, the
song went to Number 1 on the U.S. Billboard Hot 100 pop singles chart for the week of December
28, 1959, and the last Number 1 single of the 1950s. The song was written by Avalon's manager and
record producer Robert "Bob" Marcucci and Peter De

Review Of ' Benvenuto Cellini '
Robert Mitchell Russell
10/28/2015
History of European civilizations
Dr. Kruse
Benvenuto Cellini
Benvenuto Cellini was born on November 3rd in the year 1500 in Florence, Italy. His father was
Giovanni Cellini and his mother was Marisa Lisabetta Granacci. The time period Cellini was born is
considered to be the beginning of the Cinquecento period of the arts in Italy. By the end of Cellini's
life he was successful in many aspects of cinquecento arts. This paper gives highlights on Cellini's
life as a whole including descriptive examples of his various art works.(Cellini 128) The
cinquecento period in which Cellini was born references the 16th century as a period of Italian art,
architecture, or literature, with a reversion to classical forms. This is significant because it gives you
greater understanding of some of the cultural influences Cellini would have been subjected to in
Italy as he grew up.(O'Brien) Its possible that this influence helped to lead him to be one of the
prominent mannerist artist. Another culturally significant factor of the time is that Cellini lived his
life in the era of Italy being ruled by kings as the Roman Empire had dissipated and been split into
the Eastern and Western Empires. The Western Empire fell in 476 when the barbarian chieftain
Odoacer deposed Romulus Augustus and didn't take the title of emperor.(O'Brien) Cellini's father
was a musician and wanted Cellini to pursue a career in music but at the age of fifteen Cellini

Why Did England Become Protestant Research Paper
How did England become Protestant though? It all starts in 1485 when Henry the Tudor VII is
defeated in the War of the Roses that followed the Hundred Year War so England is now broke
because they lost the war. Henry the Tudor married Queen Elizabeth of York to unite the families.
During his reign, he confiscates lands and gives it to other people; establishes trade, farming, and a
navy. Henry the Tudor also marries his kids well. He marries Arthur to Catherine who is the
daughter of Isabella Ferdinand who sent Christopher Columbus to explore and found the New
World. Henry the Tudor had another son, Henry VIII. Henry VIII went through 6 wives. His second
wife was his wife when the Reformation started but was unsuccessful so he was granted divorce ...
Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Mary, Queen of Scots is the cousin of Elizabeth I and is very impulsive and not reasonable. Scotland
becomes Calvinist because of john Knox and creates the radical Presbyterians. Also during Mary's
reign, she gives birth to James VI of Scotland. But in 1587, she conspires against Elizabeth so
Elizabeth executes Mary. In 1588, Philip II of Spain loads up the Armada to invade England. He is
unsuccessful because he is destroyed by the English and the weather. This is the rise of the English
navy when they start to send ships out into the world. James VI of Scotland is now James I of
England when the Scottish and English crowns joined who believed in the divine right to rule the
Anglican church. James I ruled England until 1603. During James I's reign, he sent the Catholics
and Puritans to America. The Catholics were sent to Maryland and the Puritans were sent to
Massachusetts. This sets the stage for the English Civil War.
Before the English Civil War were the Religious wars. The first was the French War of Religion
between the Catholics and the Protestants over supremacy. They first fought over the styles that took
place during that time. The Catholics were all about Baroque Art and competition. These art styles
were seen in churches. The Protestants wanted their churches to be plain with pews and a pulpit, no
paintings because they were there to learn about the Word. This controversy led to a Religious
Fragmentation war in France where they were

Essay on Should We Bow to Louis XIV?
Should We Bow to Louis XIV?
Louis XIV, ruler of France for 72 years, is known for stabilizing France and making the country a
strong European power. However, many of his projects were costly and caused economic problems
for the nation. His personal lavish luxuries also were a financial burden to France. By the end of his
reign, nearly all of the land he had acquired through warfare had to be returned, thus wasting
enormous sums of French money.
King Louis XIV reigned in France from 1643–1715. For 54 of these years, he reigned without the
help of an official Prime Minister. Therefore, he personally controlled the French government. This
created an absolute monarchy that became a model for much of ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Several more victorious invasions led to the possession of Strasbourg (1681) and Luxembourg
(1684).
Part of Louis' success was due to the fact that he reigned as an absolute monarch. This meant that he
personally controlled the French government without the help of a prime minister. It is argued that
this absolute monarchy allowed the King to completely immerse himself in the trade of kingship. He
insisted upon holding a council meeting daily where he made all final decisions. No plan of action
was to take place without his approval. Louis was known for his conscientious routine and his court
became a model for the rest of Europe.
France is known to have become a more refined, cultural country during the reign of Louis XIV.
Under his guidance, the arts and sciences flourished during the seventeenth century. Theater, music,
art, literature and architecture blossomed. Famous figures such as Molière and Racine were paid
state pensions. Louis was also known for taking painters on military campaigns with him to glorify
the monarchy. The French national theater was established in 1680 to add to the luster of Louis'
reign. These new cultural advances established France throughout Europe as a refined country. The
building of the Versailles palace is an example of the exquisite living in France. The magnificent
palace

Differences And Similarities Of INSEAD Singapore Vs. France
INSEAD Singapore vs France: Differences and Similarities
1957 saw the origin of one of the most influential Business Schools in the world, Institut Européen
d'Administration des Affaires (French for European Institute of Business Administration), or
INSEAD. The flagship institute, in France, and its newer campus in Singapore, has since been a
reigning champion in global business education. In the past years, INSEAD has been climbing to the
top of Financial Times Global MBA Rankings, coveting the throne in 2016 & 2017.
Year
Financial Times Global MBA Ranking
2005, 2006, 2008, 2012 & 2013
6
2007
7
2009, 2010 & 2014
5
2011 & 2015
4
2016 & 2017
1
With a redoubtable reputation and an excellent MBA brand, INSEAD MBA has well over 50,000
alumni with 47 Alumni Associations. INSEAD graduates are placed all over the globe in well
recognized corporations like McKinsey, BCG, Bain & Company, Amazon, Accenture, Morgan
Stanley, Goldman Sachs, and all the big ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It is ONE facility that looks to global employment opportunities for INSEAD students. A name that
is that widely recognized, brings in recruiting companies from all over the world. While the Asian
campus tends to pull in local Asian placements more than Europe and vice versa, a lot of global
companies manage to reach out equally well in either. INSEAD has strong bonds with nearly 600
companies. The European location gets a bit more attention to career fairs and large scale events, but
these are open to students from both (as well as the Abu Dhabi) campuses. Nearly 90% students,
from both Fontainebleau (France) and Singapore, got placed within 3 months of graduation,
according to INSEAD's 2016 Employment Statistics. 53% of all graduates found their job using the
Career Development Centre or Alumni Network. Moral of the story being that you can be placed in
a Wall Street job whether you have been freezing in the French winter or feeling Singapore's tropical

Louis XIV Domestic Policies
The defining attribute of a successful governmental policy the optimization of domestic tranquility
and foreign reputation. Louis XIV asserted an absolutist rule to optimize the situation. In his rule,
Louis XIV wanted to have a single king with absolute power, a single national religion, and a single
legal system. He also wanted to spread Bourbon influence throughout Europe. He is successful in
accomplishing the optimization of domestic and foreign policy to a certain extent. Louis' domestic
policies are ultimately successful. He revokes the Edict of Nantes and replaces it with the Edict of
Fontainebleau. He does this in order to make all non–Catholics leave France. He wants a Catholic
nation where he has more authority than the Pope. In

S. T. A. R Program Reflection
A. The S.T.A.R. program was phenomenal. Ever since I heard about the program I wanted to
participate in it, and I could. I enjoyed it very much. I learned a plethora about teaching and
children, more than I could have done in a regular internship. I am glad I took the opportunity to be
in the program. I recommended students using the program because I knew they were going to be
involved with children and the S.T.A.R. program was the perfect way to be exposed to children and
how to work with them. B. Before I joined the S.T.A.R. program, I babysat a few times and I acted
like the mom of the playground. I was very involved with children, and I would say I still am.
During the S.T.A.R. program, we got to intern, where I got involved with children

Miami Research Paper
What comes to mind when someone mentions Miami? One might picture palm trees or a hot sunny
day. While there is an abundance of those to be found, that is only the tip of the iceberg. If there is
one place that captures the full essence of Miami, the commerce, culture, and conservation, it would
have to be the neighborhood of South Beach, Florida.
Relaxing on a sandy beach may not immediately bring to mind the stresses of everyday commerce
in Miami until you start to see and hear it all around you. Listening to the sound of waves crashing
on the shore is great at putting me in a trance until it is interrupted by the roar of an airliner taking
flight from Miami International Airport. Then, looking over the horizon a massive container ship
can be spotted making its way to The Port of Miami. Shortly after the blare of a cruise ship's horn
can be heard as it sails away. Again, the silence is broken by the whirring of helicopter blades up
above. Afterward, a ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The Art Deco architecture found at South Beach is a marvel to see. There are not many places I have
seen Zeus, Medusa, Pegasus or mythical characters etched on buildings. When it comes to food and
drink the options are almost limitless, whether the stomach is craving Mediterranean, Asian,
European, Latin America, or any other cuisine, it can mostly likely be found in one block. The same
can be said about the music scene at the Beach, there are entire clubs dedicated to specific genres to
please any crowd. If dance clubs are not really your cup of tea then South Beach is also home to the
iconic Fillmore at Jackie Gleason Theatre as well as the New World Symphony Orchestra. Film fans
will remember Al Pacino in Scarface barely escaping with his life from an apartment which is now a
burger restaurant on Ocean Drive, or think they see James Bond sipping drinks at the world famous
Fontainebleau

The Church Of The Desert Summary
1) Where and what was "The Church of the Desert"?
Officially, there were no more Protestant left in France after the Edict of Fontainebleau. During this
time Protestant religious practice was banned in France, service were held in secret ("Church of the
Desert" meetings) in many parts of the country. Many who had been outwardly converted held fast
to their faith. And those that had denied their faith now returned to the desert church out in open
fields or clearing in the woods for Protestant worship because they lack a church building. The
king's agent were unable to stamp out the Christian of the desert, as the Huguenots now call
themselves. (Gonzalez.189)
2) How did the 13 Colonies receive the church?
In the beginning of the 13 colonies receiving

The Absolutism Of King Louis XIV Essay
Louis XIV, the ruler of France from the late seventeenth century to the early eighteenth century,
claimed, "I am the state." He considered this to be absolutism. His goal, also acquainted with
absolutism, was, "one king, one law, one faith;" Furthermore, Louis wanted to promote religious
unity, royal dignity, and security of the state. In order to achieve this goal, he had to rule with a firm
hand, laying down the law for all to see. Louis XIV's absolutism fostered in four major parts: the
building of Versailles to control the nobility, the breeding of a strong military, the improvement of
France's economy, and, while quite harsh, the brutal extinction of religious toleration. After the
occurrence of the Fronde, an open rebellion of ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In 1685, Louis revoked the Edict of Nantes and put the Edict of Fontainebleau in its place. Because
of this document, all religious toleration for Huguenots (previously allowed by the Edict of Nantes)
was no longer allowed, leaving them with two options: convert to Catholicism or leave France.
Through this law, Louis achieved national religious unity. In 1661 Louis appointed Jean–Baptiste
Colbert as controller general of finances. This proved to be very successful in adding to the increase
of France's economy, and it helped Louis achieve his second goal of having "one law." Colbert's
ideas were similar to that of mercantilism. He insisted on having an economic system that would
make France a self–sufficient powerful country where they exported more than they imported. He
improved France's economy through the invention of a merchant marine fleet, the support of
industries, the control of tariffs on French goods, and the collection of taxes. All of these gained
money for France, which led to the creation of a powerful army. Due to a powerful army, France
was able to secure its natural frontiers, even in the North East, which was France's weakest natural
border. While Louis claimed a flaw of his was that, "I loved war too much," he was able to make a
strong French presence in Europe, adding to his idea of "one law." Louis XIV was successful in
achieving "one king, one law, one faith." He was able to

Chateau De Fontainebleau Essay
TITLE
Chateau De Fontainebleau – A True Residence Of The French Sovereigns
LEAD PARAGRAPH
The Chateau de Fontainebleau, originated in 1137, might have been a temporary, but it is also the
only one residence that was favourite to all French kings and emperors until the end of the Second
Empire, in 1870. It certainly isn't opulent as Versailles, nor magical as Vaux–le–Vicomte, but its
centuries–old architecture, furniture of the Imperial era and a couple of different style gardens are
something truly worth seeing. Besides, the Fontainebleau is closely related to two distinctive art
institutions of different periods, known as the First School of Fontainebleau and Barbizon School.
PARAGRAPHS
History of the Chateau de Fontainebleau
Nowadays chateau ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In this very room, the First School of Fontainebleau was born. Main decorators were Giovanni
Battista di Jacoppo (better known as Rosso Fiorentino – Red Florentine), Francesco Primaticcio and
Scibec di Carpi. Throughout the gallery, the wealth of stucco framework, reliefs and wall paintings
represent Francois I in various forms. In the painting above, he is represented as a royal elephant;
flanking depictions illustrate the abduction of Europe by Jupiter (left) and of Phylira by Saturn
(right).
Ballroom
Conceived as a loggia by Francois I, and turned into a ballroom by Henri II, the Ballroom is another
highlight of the expansive chateau. The design of a coffered ceiling is reflected by the floor. To leave
as much space for the ball events, the musician's gallery was established above the ballroom
entrance. Flanking wall paintings depict various mythological scenes, while Henri II's monograms
(H) and crescent moons are distributed everywhere. His logo was "Till he replenishes the whole
world". An ornate fireplace is topped by royal symbols and flanked by bronze copies of
Primaticcio's satyrs.
Napoleon I

King Louis The Dead Essay
King Louis the Dead The French people have revolted against King Louis XVI and executed him in
the middle of town! Some people feel that this is because the American people went against the
British crown and became a free colony. Many people are calling this a vigorous act. Others,
however, are saying that King Louis deserved this heinous crime. When Louis XVI came to the
throne in 1774, he was nineteen years of age. While no one doubted his ability to rule France, it was
quite clear that, although raised as the Dauphin since 1765, he didn't have firmness and
decisiveness. His desire to be loved by the people is obvious in the prefaces of many of his edicts
that would often explain the nature and good intention of his actions as benefiting ... Show more
Granting non–Roman Catholics civil and legal status in France and the legal right to practice their
faith, this edict effectively nullified the Edict of Fontainebleau that had been the law for 102 years.
One mistake Louis made, however, was placing his reputation and public image in the hands of
people who weren't as sensitive to the needs and duties of the French population as he was. In the
same year as the American Revolution, Louis was persuaded by Pierre Beaumarchais to send
supplies, ammunition, and guns to the rebels secretly. Louis was always very gullible, but he was
exceptionally persuaded when he found out that the rebels were fighting against the British which is
France most fearsome opponent. On December 11, among crowded and silent streets the dethroned
king was brought from Paris Temple to go before the National Convention and hear his indictment,
an accusation of high treason and crimes against the state. On December 26, Louis's counsel men
Raymond Desezev along with Francois and Molesherbes told the Convention Louis' response to the
charges that he has been accused of. Before the trial began and Louis told his defense to the
Convention, he told his lawyers that he knew he was going to be tried guilty and would be put to
death, but for them to act as if they could win. He accepted his fate before the verdict was said, but
was willing to fight to be remembered as a good king for his

David Breashears 1996
In the Spring of 1996, David Breashears was one of the people on Mount Everest the days of the
storm that killed multiple people. Fortunately, he was not stuck in the midst of the full ferocious
storm like Rob Hall's and Scott Fischer's teams. Since the May 1996 incident, David Breashears has
been busy doing what he came to Everest in the first place to do, film. It took years for Breashears to
decide to make a documentary about what happened. It's something that you have to think of;
Breashears, a recipient of 4 National Emmy Awards for achievements in filmmaking, didn't even
think of making a film out of what happened. After the 1996 incident, his team regrouped and
reached the summit of Everest on May 23 and passed the body of Rob Hall and

How Did King Louis Xiv Have An Absolute Monarchy
French King Louis XIV became king at the age of four. However, it was not until after the death of
Cardinal Mazarin, that Louis was officially recognized as the King of France in 1643 until 1715. He
referred to himself as the " Sun King" and is well known for the building of Versailles and being the
best illustration of an absolute monarchy in the seventeenth century. However, historians think that it
might have not been an absolute democracy since France had other influencers with authority.
Instead, Louis achieved an indirect absolute monarchy by controlling the policy–making regulations
and the people in his court. France was the dominant power in Europe at the time, and Louis he
wanted to showcase it through his military forces and the Palace of Versailles. He also wanted to
unite the Catholics which lead to conflict with Protestants, and invested a vast amount ... Show more
The Sun King did not want Protestants to practice their religion in a largely Catholic France. He
believed in the idea of " one king, one law, one faith," since he felt that any other minorities can
threatened his political supremacy. He issued the Edict of Fontainebleau and revoked the Edict of
Nantes. The Edict of Nantes was issued by Henry IV and gave some religious freedom to French
Protestants, who were also known as Huguenots. The new edict called for the wreckage of Huguenot
churches and the closure of Protestant schools. About 200,000 Huguenots left France to seek shelter
in other countries. The support for no Protestantism came from the people of France. They rejected
the rights of Protestants, banned them from government meetings, and destroyed Protestant
churches. Which eventually lead Catholicism to regain control in densely Protestant areas. All in all,
King Louis XIV was not supportive of Protestant reform in France because he wanted to keep it a
Catholic

The Effect Of Absolutism And Its Effect On Daily Life
The Effect of Absolutism on Daily Life
In 1655, an adolescent Louis XIV famously remarked "L'état c'est moi," meaning "I am the state."
This quote encapsulates the fundamental principles of absolutism. Absolutism is a form of
government in which a sovereign holds unrestricted government power. Coming just after the Era of
Exploration, the Age of Absolutism was an effort by monarchs to consolidate power in their newly
expanded empires. Though France is viewed as the pioneer of absolutism, the idea quickly spread
throughout Europe. The major power shift occurring across Europe raises the question: how much of
an effect did absolutism have on everyday life in the 18th century? Absolutism had a large effect on
everyday life in the 18th century. The disempowerment of the ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Absolutist governments undermined the nobility in an effort to establish a greater monarchical
power and to eliminate any threat to this authority. Mercantilist policies led to an unequal
distribution of wealth. With a goal of increased centralization, absolutist governments united the
church and state, permitting government imposition in religious matters. In the larger picture,
absolutism serves only the monarch and fails to better the greater good of the country. Since the
entire country relies on a single sovereign ruler, the ruler can easily lead a nation to ruin. Further, an
absolute monarchy may easily degrade into tyranny. These faults cause dissatisfaction within a
country, eventually culminating in revolution. However, this allows a nation to reevaluate its values,
gearing it towards a more successful future. In the context of European history, absolutism
influenced the dictatorships of Adolf Hitler and Joseph Stalin, two regimes that have significantly
affected civilization. Although many nations have turned away from absolutist rule, the practice of
absolutism in history has immensely shaped the modern

How Did Aaron Copland Influence The World
Aaron Copland was one of the most leading conductors and songwriters in American music. At age
15 he had aspired and attracted on being a composer, and his parents Harris and Sarah Copland
which had never introduced him to music.He was a big influence to the twentieth century. One of
his most famous works written in 1938 was " Billy the kid" and it was popular for over a decade,
some of his music is no longer performed or heard of as today. Copland was an American composer
of the Modern Tonal music as well as film music.
Aaron Copland was a conductor, teacher, writer and composer, he was born Nov.14,1900 in
Brooklyn, New York. Aaron is the youngest of 5 children's. Copland older sister gave him lessons
on the piano which he had developed an interest for. After graduating high school Copland furthered
his lessons in music and studied at the American Conservation in Fontainebleau where he had a
French teacher named Nadia Boulanger. He had spent the final years of his life living in New York.
Copland died in December 2, 1990 in New York, New York. Copland was remembered as someone
who encouraged composers to find their voice, no matter the style just as him hisself did.
He wrote his first song at 8 years old. Later in life he had lessons from Victor Wittgenstein who
noticed he was shy and quiet. His friends sent him ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Copland also composed Mexican Melodies and rhythms like "El Salon Mexico" and in the 1930's
everyone was familiar with his popularity. He slowly changed music and harmonies in his own
creative way. He created operas, chamber music, film scores and volcanos works. Aaron was one of
the most important American music during the second quarter. Aaron Copland started composing
pieces for young audiences in 1935.Copland started doing commissions, recitals, and gave
lectures.Copland himself did not consider himself as a professional

The Soft Side of Napoleon Bonaparte's Love for Josephine...
Napoleon Bonaparte, one of the most celebrated French emperors who extended his power and
might in Europe, may have been regarded as a dictator, but apart from his military ideals, the
emperor had a softer heart and avowed love for Josephine De Beauharnais, who became his first
wife. He proposed to her on 9th March, 1796 and later on surprised her with an amazing gift of an
engagement ring a few days before the eve of their engagement.
Notably, there was a huge difference between the couple's ages with Josephine being 32 years at
then, 6 years older than Napoleon and a widow with two children. Hence, the news of their marriage
didn't go well with most people especially Napoleon's family. Finally, the couple divorced in 1810
since Josephine didn't bear him a son which meant no heir to the throne upon his demise.
The diamond and sapphire engagement ring was Napoleon's offer to her and later on he send
numerous love letters and other several precious gems during his absence as he guided the French in
their successful invasion of Italy. Josephine treasured the ring and she gave it to her own daughter
Hortense, who became the Queen of Holland. The ring possession later went to Hortense son,
Napoleon III and his wife, Empress Eugenie, whose family the relic still belongs.
Today, the same ring has been sold in auctions with bidders competing to have it in their possession.
In Osenat, Paris auction the ring had been put in an estimate value of $20,000 on the basis of the

John Gorrie Monologue
Mom played innocent, but she may suspect I'm not. She probably spies on me, like Leda spies on
her. You can trust the snoop you know, so Leda doesn't bother me. Until I find out how my mom
spies on me–she's my worst enemy.
Dr. Prime's death went nastier than planned, thanks to Commodus, but all my plans for postmortem
disgrace went well. Herms obeyed, so she's a controllable recruit. Ionia's smart, I like her. Too bad
she had to go back because I trust her as much as Lil who keeps to the whore's code when it comes
to secrets.
Monster loves the vibrating tongue stud I gave her, she'll probably get an infection by passing her
gift along to Christina's snatch and snatch it will be if I can talk Cristina into a vaginal piercing.
Maybe I'm in possession ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Europe can't. I need info that can't be found here. Christina and Polly can both translate, but one has
patience, and the other has greater skill. Honey will convince Polly to join our European expedition
and Christina can stay here and translate Ionia's documents. Polly can translate what we find on our
trip.
Hella did her lesbian fling with Honey, but she seems to possess eyes for Jimmy. I'm still not certain
about Nancy Neith, but she and Jimmy appear hot for each other. Monster will need to watch the
love triangle while I'm gone. Maybe Hella can move her eyes off Jimmy and watch over his two
cousins. Newt's older, but Hella might bang him or the other cousin, Kal, as a substitute for Jimmy.
I'm hoping Honey and Polly will meet me here at Lil's place before the month ends. Polly may not
find time for a Euro trip and I may need new plans. Researching possible European recruits will
come in handy, either way. My French sucks, so I want a translator. One name popped up after a
brief browse, but I need to research her before I get my hopes

Energy Risk Management
Social Innovation
Centre
Risk Management for Energy Efficiency Projects in Developing Countries
_______________
Paul KLEINDORFER
2010/18/TOM/ISIC
Risk Management for Energy Efficiency Projects in
Developing Countries
1
Paul Kleindorfer *
*
The Paul Dubrule Chaired Professor of Sustainable D evelopment, Distinguished Research
Professor at INSEAD Social Innovation Centre, Boule vard de Constance, 77305 Fontainebleau
,
France and Anheuser–Busch Professor Emeritus of Man age ment Science and Publi c Pol icy,
The Wharton School of the Universi ty of Pennsylvani a Ph: +33 (0) 1 60 72 91 28
Email:
paul.kleindorfe r@insead.edu
A working paper in the INSEAD Working Paper Series is intended as a means whe ... Show more
Introduction
This report considers the role of risk management i n promoting profitable energy efficiency (EE)
projects in industrial enterprises in developing co untries. The paper focuses on developing countries
in the middle range of development (e.g., with per capita income greater than $2,000 per annum)
where there is a significant industrial sector, although many of the issues here would apply to other
countries, both above and below this level of development.
4
The key question posed here is how to improve the payoff in economic and environmental terms
from cost– effective energy efficiency projects and initiative
s.
The starting point for this report is the maxim, by now well known in the development literature and
is the banner for this entire report, that ther e are many profitable EE projects in nearly every
industrial enterprise that are simply not implement ed. Four problems are often identified as the
culprits for failing to harvest such projects: 1) lack of a rational and feasible approach to finance
these projects; 2) lack of a rational internal mana gement approach in the enterprise to package these

projects in such a manner that they can be id entified and implemented while the "plant is running";
3) the high perceived risk of these proje cts; and 4) the fact that management is often simply
unaware of the existence of EE projects of v alue. 5
This paper is primarily focused

Ap World History Dbq Outline
Political 1) Louis XIV was the French ruler that took the view of absolutism to the extreme by
justifying absolute power and treating treason like blasphemy. This monarch would become the
most famous example of absolutism in the kingdom of France, which became the most imitated
regime in Europe under his rule. 2) Frederick William I was relentless Prussian ruler that was in
pursuit of a strengthened absolutism at home and Europe–wide influence abroad. In fact, he
disdained court life, dismissed numerous courtiers, and cut the salaries of those who remained. 3)
Peter the Great of Russia was the only autocrats of the current period that went as far as to build an
entirely new capital. This greatly contrasted the new or totally transformed sites ... Show more
This will lead to an explanation of motion, the development of the calculus, and the establishment of
basic laws of modern physics. 2) Blaise Pascal was a brilliant mathematician and experimenter, and
he was the voice that still protested against the new science and the materialism of Descartes. His
investigations of probability in games of chance produce his very own theorem, and his research in
conic sections helped lay the foundations for integral calculus. 3) 1666 – The French Royal
Academy of Sciences was the royal society that Louis XIV gave his blessing to the founding of.
This will lead to many more similar organizations, and soon, there could be no doubt that science,
secure in royal patronage, had become a model for all thought. 4) The Royal Society in England was
the scientific organization formed by Robert Boyle and eleven others that was also granted a charter
in 1662. This society's purpose was to gather all knowledge about nature, particularly if it had
practical uses, and soon its principle function would be to serve as a headquarters and clearing
center for

Napoleon Bourgeois Power

Recommended

Recommended

More Related Content

More from Mandy Cross

More from Mandy Cross (20)

Recently uploaded

Recently uploaded (20)

Napoleon Bourgeois Power